Unit3 全新版大学英语教案

New Horizon College English (Book 4)

I.Warm-up activities

1. Background information

Social Welfare (1)

Public assistance programs, commonly called “welfare”, provide cash or in-kind benefits for particular categories of the financially needy. The U.S. welfare system operates on both the federal and state levels. The federal welfare program is known as Social Security that provides benefits or assistance for child care, disability, food and medical assistance (also known as medicaid). The state welfare programs, on the other hand, provide assistance to both individuals and local communities with state schooling and social insurance.

Social Welfare (2)

U.S. welfare programs grew significantly in the decades following World War II, but increases in welfare costs during the 1960s and 1970s brought into question the extent and quality of public assistance. In the early 1980s the Reagan Administration reduced welfare expenditure and suggested turning responsibility for welfare funding over to the states. The cuts in federal funding that took effect during the Reagan Administration did in fact effectively place the responsibility for maintaining funding levels on the states—and, in some cases, on the larger cities.

Social Welfare (3)

The result has been a widening of the already existing disparities in social services spending between states, and between cities and regions within a state. An example of the state welfare system can be seen at https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f215840046.html, under the Health and Social Programs section. Social welfare is an integrated part of a country’s social policy.

2.Questions and answers

1)-Why do welfare clients often cheat the system?

I am not familiar with the welfare system even in our country. In my judgment, welfare clients cheat the system because they can’t get enough money to sustain an average living or because they are not satisfied with the welfare they enjoy. On the other hand, I suppose there must be some who are so selfish and greedy as to cheat the system for more money.

2)-In what ways do welfare clients cheat the system?

To my knowledge, welfare clients cheat the system in the ways as follows: They don’t declare the gifts from friends and relatives; they understate the pension from the government; they exaggerate the rent; and they even report to welfare that living costs increase sharply and their purchasing power decreases greatly.

3)-In what ways do the caseworkers abuse the system?

Seized with the illusion that they are mad e fools of whenever help is asked for, caseworkers don’t help their clients out of conscience. Instead, they expect their clients to bow down to them, and give out lectures before welfare clients. Caseworkers may regard their job of providing service as a power of distributing wealth.

II.Drills of important phrases in the text

1. 渴望/盼望······long for… (Title)

2. 面临着······be faced with… (L. 1)

3. 向······榨取······bleed… for… (L. 2)

4. 竭力争取；大力招揽drum up (L. 6)

5. 私下，背地里under the table (L. 8)

6. 向······屈服yield to… (L. 8)

7. 卷入/潜心于······get involved in… (L. 9)8. 在心底deep down (L. 11)

9. 愚弄某人make fools of sb. (L. 12) 10. 有权做某事be entitled to (do) sth. (L. 13)

11. 是做某事的暗示be the cue to do sth. (L. 26) 12. 顶嘴talk back (L. 26)

13. 就某事训斥某人lecture sb. about sth. (L. 29)

14. 拿到最低的报价get the cheapest bid (L. 41)

15. 逐渐脱离······make a gradual shift away from… (L. 50)

16. 突然脱离/摆脱jump off (L. 51) 17. 成为······的捍卫者act as a champion for… (L. 55)

18. 适宜于······; 同意参与······lend oneself to… (L. 56)

19. 证明/宣判某人有罪convict sb. of doing sth. wrong (L. 66)

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f215840046.html,anization of the text (main idea, developing devices)

1.Main idea of the text

The passage explores the problems of the present welfare system first and then expresses the desire to have a new system. According to the author, a disabled person with spinal cord injuries, he is forced to account for every penny while enduring lectures by the caseworkers. It is hard to have his wheelchair repaired and even harder to make a gradual shift away from welfare. That is why he longs for a new system under which the disabled like him can earn part or all of their own livings.

2.How is the text organized?

The passage is composed of three parts: how people behave under the present welfare system, what the problems are with it, and what solutions should be applied to the problems. The organization of the whole passage goes after the problem-solution pattern, spiced throughout with examples taken from the author’s own experiences.

Part I Paras1-3 Current situation describing

On one hand, most welfare clients cheat the system for more money. Are there any examples here? (Para.1)

All the same, some like me have opted to live a life of honesty. Are there any examples here? (Para.2)

On the other, welfare case-workers, like detectives, expect every client to beg. Why? (Para.3) Part II Paras4-14 Problems with the system

Problem 1: Clients are forced to report anything new to caseworkers. Is there any example here? (Paras. 4 - 8)

Problem 2: It is difficult for clients to have their wheel- chairs repaired. Is there any example here?(Paras. 9 - 12)

Problem 3: If clients make money, as the author’s own experience reveals, they h ave to account for every penny. (Para. 13)

Problem 4: The law does not encourage clients to make a gradual shift away from welfare.Evidence? (Para.14)

Part III Paras15-17 Solutions to the problems

Solution 1: There needs to be a lawyer to protect the rights of clients. Example?(Para. 15) Solution 2: The welfare system should help those who are to earn their own livings. How?(16.) Solution 3: A new system is needed to encourage clients to develop their talents without guilt. (Para.17)

3.Text analysis

Part 1 : (para. 1---3) : What welfare clients and welfare caseworkers do under the present welfare system .

Part 2 : (para. 4---14) : The problems with the present welfare system .

Part 3 : (para. 15---17) : The writer gives some suggestions to improve the present welfare system .

IV.key words and expressions

A.Expressions

1.I have opted to live a life of complete honesty.

opt to do sth. : ( = choose to do sth. ) 选择干；决定干

eg:--- He opted to continue his study for a master’s degree after graduation from a college. 大学毕业后，他选择读硕士学位。

---When he left school, he opted to go to college and study for a degree, rather than getting job straight away. （直接地）

2.… drum up some business…drum up : 1）争取（竞选）支持2）大力招揽

Eg:--- He had flown to the north of the country to drum up support for the campaign. （竞选活动）--- They were unable to drum up enthusiasm for the new politics. 人们未能激起对新政策的热情。

3.Oh, I ‘m tempted to get paid under the tab le.

a)under the table（美）：（= in a secret way）私下，背地里

b)under the counter（英）：（同）

eg:--- Some coaches cheated and took money from the clubs under the table.

--- She gave the money under the table to get the position.

：愚弄某人

Eg:--- He was drinking and making a fool of himself.

4.Suzanne tries to lecture me about repairs. lecture sb. about… ：就…教训人

Eg:-- He is always lecturing me about the way I dress.

5. … which is always breaking down...break down: 出故障；垮掉

Eg:---My car broke down on the way to the airport, and I had to get a taxi.

break away : 突然离开，强行逃脱break in: 非法闯入；插嘴，打断

break into: 强行闯入break off: 中断，突然停止

break out: 爆发，突然出现break through: 突围，冲破

break up: 粉碎，打碎；终止，结束

6… so I can get around in a wheelchair.

get around （美）: 四处走动get about （英）：（同）

eg:--- She gets around with the help of a taxi.

7.She looked into every corner in search of unreported appliance. 1)look into: 调查，仔细检查Eg:--- The government will look into how to solve the housing problem. （住房问题）

2)in search of … ：寻找

Eg:---Many of the refugees are traveling to the north of the region in search of food and shelter.

look after: 照顾，照料，照管look ahead: 向前看，考虑未来

look back: 回头看；回顾，回忆(-on) look down upon: 看不起，轻视

look forward to : 盼望，期待look in: 顺便访问/看望

look on: 旁观look out (for) : 当心，留神

Look over: 过目look through: （从头至尾）浏览

look to: 留心；依靠look up: （在字典中）查找

B. Sentence patterns

1. Sb. begins as… with high ideals/great ambitions/good intentions to... But after a few years in… /of doing sth., he/she becomes like the one people often call “…”.某人刚开始时是······，有理想/有远大抱负/有······的美好愿望。可是在这个······里/做某事做了几年后，他/她就变得与人们所称的······一样了。

2. There is no provision of… in… for… 在······中没有明确/提供······，使你达到······目的。

3. There needs to be sb./sth. who/that …, because… 真需要有······来······, 因为······

V.Assignments

Definitions of Something（界定说明文）

人们对某一事物的不同界定。其正确的定义为······如何对待该事物？

1) Something may be many things to many people./People usually view something from different perspectives. (主题引入) 2) Some would prefer to define it as… while others would like to in terpret it as… (人们的不同解读) 3) There are still some others who are inclined to regard it as…(人们的进一步解读)4) If seen in its true colors/In a proper sense/ In essence, however, something is nothing but…, no matter what… (正确的界定) 5) The key to the issue is the yardstick you use for measuring. (进一步阐述) 6）If you…, you are more likely to… but, if you…, you have more chances to…(进一步阐述) 7) On the other hand, something is also a becoming.(进一步界定) 8) It goes up along with… whereas it goes down together with…(进一步阐述) 9) So there is much need to... 10) To achieve this/To make it, you’d better learn how to…, which/as…(建议I) 11) And meanwhile, you may…, after which, you will… (建议II) 12) But most important/ vital for you is… (建议III)

The True Meaning of Self-worth

人们对自我价值的不同界定。其正确的定义为······如何培养正确的自我价值观？

1) Self-worth may be many things to many people. (主题引入) 2) Some would prefer to define it as the wealth they have achieved while others would like to interpret it as the social status they enjoy. (人们的不同解读)3) There are still some others who are inclined to regard it as the esteem of others they have gained. (人们的进一步解读)4) If seen in its true colors, however, self-worth, or self-esteem, is nothing but a positive acceptance of your whole self, no matter what you are in society. (正确的界定) 5) The key to the issue is the yardstick you use for measuring. (进一步阐述) 6）If you tend to weigh yourself on the scale of the more successful or the judgment of others, you are more likely to feel down on yourself, but if you love to compare your advanta ges with others’ disadvantages, you have more chances to overestimate your own value.(进一步阐述) 7) On the other hand, self-worth is also a becoming.(进一步界定) 8) It goes up along with more and more worth you prove to society whereas it goes down together with less and less effort you make in what counts to society as well as to your life. (进一步阐述)9) So there is much need to develop a proper self-worth. 10) To achieve this, you’d better learn how to reinforce the belief that every individual has unique worth, which awaits his/her discovery.(建议I) 11) And meanwhile, you may choose a goal within your reach and attain it, after which, you will have a better opinion of your self-worth. (建议II) 12) But most important for you is to build up your self-worth through greater and greater efforts in your study and work.(建议III)

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Unit6 全新版大学英语教案

New Horizon College English (Book 4)

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Catching Crabs 1 In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. the relaxed atmosphere of the preceding summer semester, the impromptu ball games, the boating on the Charles River, the late-night parties had disappeared, and we all started to get our heads down, studying late, and attendance at classes rose steeply again. We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five o'clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. 大学最后一年的秋天，我们的心情变了。刚刚过去的夏季学期的轻松氛围、即兴球赛、查尔斯河上的泛舟以及深夜晚会都不见了踪影，我们开始埋头学习，苦读到深夜，课堂出勤率再次急剧上升。我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。 2 But there was something else. At the back of everyone's mind was what we would do next, when we left university in a few months' time. It wasn't always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they were going to do. Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mapped out. One had landed a job in his brother's advertising firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a script under provisional acceptance in Hollywood.The most ambitious student among us was going to work as a party activist at a local level. We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day. But most people were either looking to continue their studies, or to make a living with a white-collar job in a bank, local government, or anything which would pay them enough to have a comfortable time in their early twenties, and then settle down with a family, a mortgage and some hope of promotion. 还有别的事情让大家心情焦虑。每个人都在心里盘算着过几个月毕业离校之后该找份什么样的工作。并不总是那些心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生才清楚自己将来要做什么，常常是那些平日里默默无闻的同学早早为自己下几个阶段的人生做好了规划。有位同学在位于麦迪逊大道他哥哥的广告公司得到了一份工作，另一位同学写的电影脚本已经与好莱坞草签了合约。我们当中野心最大的一位同学准备到地方上当一个政党活动家，我们都预料他最终会当上参议员或国会议员。但大多数同学不是准备继续深造，就是想在银行、地方政府或其他单位当个白领，希望在20出头的时候能挣到足够多的薪水，过上舒适的生活，然后就娶妻生子，贷款买房，期望升职，过安稳日子。 3 I went home at Thanksgiving, and inevitably, mybrothers and sisters kept asking me what I was planning to do. I didn't know what to say. Actually, I did know what to say, but I thought they'd probably criticize me, so I told them what everyone else was thinking of doing. 感恩节的时候我回了一趟家，兄弟姐妹们免不了不停地问我毕业后有什么打算，我不知道该

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不,环境, 新标准大学英语3 Unit1 Active reading(1) 4. b c c d c a 5.productive attendance resistance ambitious acceptance script impressive 6.attendance ambitious productive impressive resistance script acceptance 7.mortgage deck surf coastal;defy lengthy 8.b a b b b a b b Active reading(2) 4.triple cemetery rear biography cram budding finite elapse 5.elapsed;cemetery rear;crammed triple budding;biography finite 6.a b a a b b a a 7.a b b a a b b b a Language in use 6.(1)我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午5点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼

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Unit 1 Changes in the Way We Live Objectives Students will be able to: 1.Develop reading skills—understand the main idea (tolerance for solitude and energy made it possible for the writer’s family to enjoy their pleasant but sometimes harsh country life) an d th e reading skill o f skimming; 2.Develop writing skills—writing strategy1: topic sentences followed by detailed sentences writing strategy2: comparison & contrast; 3.Learn the language—master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text; 4.Integrate the four skills—conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit. Time Allotment We devote 8 teaching periods (plus 2 periods after-c lass of students’ autonomous learning in the Self-Access Center) to cover Unit 1, which include: Time What Is to Be Done Tasks / Activities 1-2 periods 1. Warming up 2. Global analysis 3. Background information about the changes in our life 4. Ss’ understanding the main idea and the structure of the text Ss’ au tonomous learning textbook 3-4 periods 1. Language /culture study and practice 2. Ss’ mastery of the key language points and grammatical structures in the text 3. Developing Ss’ reading skill of writing strategies --- topic sentences f ollowed by detailed sentences; comparison & contrast 1. Ss sum up the main idea and major facts in Text 2 of Reading Course; 2. Ss debate on the topic of whether city life is better than suburban life 5 period 1. Further understanding of Text A 2. Discussion related to Text A in Unit 1. 3. Check of students’ reading of Text B 1. Discussion: what changes have you found in the way we live? 2. Questions & Answers 3. Learn to write essays with the 2 writing strategies 2 periods 2 after-class-periods of students’　 autonomous learning in the Self-Access Center 1. Review what has been learned in class with learning resources; 2. Make up for what Ss believe as their weak points in the four skills; 3. Reinforce Ss listening skills.