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口译教程1

口译教程1
口译教程1

Module 1 Getting the message through listening

I Theory and skills

成功的口译首先取决于能否快速准确地获取原语讲话的信息。口译中获取信息的主要渠道是“听”,尽管译员也可能从其他渠道获得额外的辅助信息。学习外语的人一直都重视听力训练,但在外语听力练习中我们一般较多地注意语言层面的东西,对信息的印象也相对零散,一般只要求听懂了并能做选择题或回答问题就够了。口译任务对听力的要求则不同,译员需要在听懂的基础上对信息的整体和细节有全面的把握,以便于能够迅速地用目的语流利、完整地表达出来。能够听懂和能够表达是两种不同程度的要求,后者要求更高,难度也更大。

口译理解实际上是一个包含听取信息、理解会意和逻辑分析的快速而复杂的过程。这一过程中,译员不仅要听懂原语所承载的信息,还要对信息进行分析,找出信息的逻辑层次和关系,将信息的全貌和细节有机地梳理整合起来。在表达的过程中,没有外语听力训练中常见的问答题或选择题来提示原语的内容,因此译员脑中对信息要有清晰的思路,这样才能将信息一气呵成,而不会丢三落四,或者说到一半卡壳。另外,在这一过程中,口译员所承受的心理压力非常大,很容易造成注意力分配不均,有时会出现本来可以听懂的内容口译时反而听不懂的现象。

要提高迅速准确获取信息的能力,除了要在课内课外加大听力练习的训练量外,还需要采用正确的练习方法。在口译中仅仅听懂了原语讲话还远远不够,听完语音材料后,应该能够不经过准备,立即进行口头大意概述。概述时使用原语,即听到中文讲话用中文概述讲话的主要内容,听英文讲话则用英文概述。听中文讲话用中文概述的目的是让大家在没有听力压力的情况下,锻炼迅速组织材料并进行口语表达的能力。听英文进行概述的目的在于提高听力和外语概述能力。有的同学可能会认为这种练习很简单,其实做起来并没有想象得那么容易,在整理信息和组织语言的过程中有时会遇到意想不到的困难,如信息组织凌乱,语言表达不连贯,有的内容一时想不起来等。概述练习时尽量不要拘泥于原语的遣辞造句,而应该关注整段话的逻辑关系,抓住主干信息。

II Skills practice

Teaching suggestions: Remind students how to get the message through listening. You may ask one or two questions to alert students to focus their attention on the main ideas, for instance: What are the three bad after-meal habits Why (For What are the reasons we have eyebrows (For

Instruction: Listen for he main idea of each passage.

三种错误的饭后习惯

医生提醒人们,随着人们生活水平的逐渐提高,人们的保健意识也随之增强了,许多人认为饭后吃点水果是现代生活的最佳搭配。无论是在餐厅、饭店,还是在家里就餐,许多人都喜欢饭后吃点水果爽口,其实这是一种错误的生活习惯,因为饭后马上吃水果会影响消化功能。医生解释说,由于食物进入胃以后,必须经过一到两个小时的消化过程,才能缓慢排出。如果人们在饭后立即吃进水果,就会被先期到达的食物阻滞在胃内,致使水果不能正常地在胃内消化,在胃内时间过长,从而引起腹胀、腹泻或便秘等症状。如果人们长期坚持这种生活习惯,将会导致消化功能紊乱,因此,人们最好在饭后一到两个小时再吃水果。

医生还提醒说,人们还要注意改正饭后饮茶和饭后散步的错误习惯。

饭后立即饮茶,茶水会冲淡胃液,影响胃内食物的正常消化。茶水中含有的单宁酸还会促使胃内的物质凝固,影响蛋白质的吸收,从而增加了胃的负担。对此,医生建议人们,在饭后一小时内最好不要饮茶,应待饭后一小时胃内食物消化得差不多时再饮用茶水,这样对消化功能和物质凝固也不会产生太大的影响。

“饭后百步走,活到九十九”,这种说法也是不科学的。人的胃在饭后是处于充盈状态的,即使是非常轻微的运动也会使胃受到震动,从而增加胃肠负担,影响消化功能。对此,医生建议,饭后适当休息三十分钟,待胃内的食物适当消化后,再活动较为适宜,这样也不会对消化系统产生太大的影响。

Why do we have eyebrows

Those tiny little hairs above our eyes that many women pluck or paint play a very important role in keeping moisture out of our eyes.

Just like an umbrella keeps our bodies dry from rain, our hairy eyebrows keep our eyes dry from rain or sweat. When it's pouring with rain outside or when sweat runs down our foreheads, our eyebrows divert the flow of water or sweat away from our eyes. Our arch-shaped eyebrows angle the rain or sweat around to the sides of our faces, leaving our eyes fairly dry. By catching the water or sweat, our eyebrows not only allow us to see more clearly but also keep the salt in the sweat from burning or irritating our eyes.

Eyebrows have other roles also. As one of our most expressive facial features, eyebrows help us determine how people are feeling without having to ask them. I f a person's eyebrows are drawn in a frown, the chances are that they are angry or upset.

What is more, over the years, eyebrows have been having an increasing impact on our concepts of beauty or fashion. Big, thick and hairy eyebrows tend to be considered unattractive, while thin, plucked eyebrows are said to be more attractive.

III. Interpreting exercise

US Vice President’s speech at Fudan University

词汇与短语

appreciate 感谢

be delighted to 高兴

be privileged to 荣幸

reception 招待会,接待会

signify 意味着,代表了

commend 赞赏

discipline 纪律

uphold 维护,发扬

Language tips

1.Mr. Mayor: You can interpret it as 市长先生, but if you know the name of the mayor

present, you may interpret it as “韩市长” to show respect and sound more personal. Similar ways of addressing people by title include “Mr. President”or “Madam President”, “Mr.

Chairman” or “Madam Chairperson”.

2.I appreciate your kind words of introduction: 我感谢您作介绍时的友好辞令。”To

appreciate”is to show gratitude for what’s done for you. In the same sense: I appreciate what you have done for us. 感谢你为我们所做的一切。

3.“Be delighted to”, “be happy to”, “be glad to”, “be privileged to”, “be honoured to”are

courtesy expressions used to in the opening of a speech.

Thank you very much, Mr. Mayor. I appreciate your kind words of introduction. And we're delighted to be here today. My wife and I are privileged to have the opportunity once again to travel in China. Fudan UniversityWe thank you for the honor, and we bring you good wishes from President George W. Bush and the people of the United States. I am told the standards are extremely demanding here, and a degree from Fudan University signifies years of hard work and discipline. Fudan UniversityChinaWe appreciate your taking the time to share this wonderful occasion with us today. This facility is a symbol of the focus and commitment that GN has made to China. To our dealers, we plan to continue to supply you with state-of-the-art, high quality products that will allow you to support your customers and improve the lives of many people here in China and Southeast Asia. ChinaThank you all once again for taking the time to share this wonderful occasion with us. //

《口译教程》参考译文-3

Lesson 3 3.3 Steve Forbes on Forbes 我祖父二十世纪初来到美国,他离开苏格兰时身上没有什么钱。连他在内有兄弟姐妹10人,不过他自小受到很好的教育。像许多人一样,他也是满怀憧憬和理想来到美国的。** 他创办了《福布斯》杂志,报道那些实干家,那些给商业社会带来变革的人。 我祖父常说,做生意不是为了堆积百万财富,而是为了带来幸福快乐。如今我们讲到公司和经营,文章中会用到许多数字,但是焦点一直放在人上面。**对公司而言,最重要的是人,而不是资产负债表。以前我祖父是这样看的,我们现在也这样看。 ** 当前世界信息泛滥,足以将人淹么其中,人们迫切需要一本刊物来解读这些信息,告诉读者哪些重要哪些可以不必理会。这就是《福布斯》的价值所在。我们提供额外的视角和判断。我们从不停留于表面,总想看看公司到底如何经营的,正是当今芜杂繁多的信息使得《福布斯》日益重要。 3.4 Introduction to an arts and crafts company Distinguished guests, dear friends: I feel honored to have this opportunity to introduce our company to you through the platform provided by this conference. Founded 15 years ago, we are a company specializing in the design, manufacture and sales of handicrafts. Fifteen years ago our staff numbered 50; now the figure is 1,700. Fifteen years ago we rented a facility covering a floor space of4,500 square meters; now our own facility covers a floor space of 24,000 square meters. **These figures speak loudly and clearly of our success. Our leading products are various architectural models, including exotic European cathedrals, the

《口译教程》参考译文-10

Lesson 10 10.3 中与欧盟的关系 女士们、先生们、朋友们: 今天,我很荣幸给大家介绍欧盟的一些情况以及欧盟与中国的关系。 欧盟全称为欧洲联盟,是在欧洲共同体基础上由25个(27)独立的国家组成的,目的是为了加强政治、经济和社会合作。原来称“欧共体”或“欧洲经济共同体”。 目前的25个成员国是奥地利、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、卢森堡、荷兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英国、塞浦路斯(希腊部分)、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、欧兰、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚。 欧盟25国总面积400万平方公里,接近半个中国的面积。总人口数为4.544亿,排行第三,仅次于中国和印度,约占世界总人口的7%。 欧盟统一货币为欧元,2002年1月1日正式启用。到目前为止,已经有12个欧盟成员国用欧元取代其本国货币。统一货币使人们出门旅行、对比价格更为容易,它还为欧洲的商业往来、刺激增长与竞争创造了一个稳定的环境。 到目前为止,欧盟的国内生产总值逾10万亿美元。作为一个整体,这个规模与它的主要竞争对手美国差不多。经济总量和贸易总额分别占全球25%和35%。 欧盟与中国关系十分友好。今年5月欧盟与中国就建交30周年了。去年,欧盟与中国的进出口贸易总额达到2,000亿欧元。德国是中国最大的贸易伙伴,英国、荷兰名列第二和第三。 欧盟正抓住当前大好的历史机遇——团结曾经分裂的欧洲大陆,创造一个和平、稳定、民主的欧洲。*** 这次欧盟的扩大还将创造一个几乎拥有5亿消费者的统一市场,这个市场饱含经济增长和不断繁荣的极大潜力。 我的话讲完了,谢谢大家!

10.4 中国与东盟的关系 A: Excuse me, could you tell me when ASEAN was established? And how many member countries does it have now? B: 东盟于1967年8月8日成立,目前有10个成员国,它们是:文莱、柬埔寨、印度尼西亚、老挝、马来西亚、缅甸、菲律宾、泰国、新加坡和越南。 A: Besides these 10 member countries, ASEAN also always holds the 10+1, 10+3 meetings. Does it mean that ASEAN has some dialogue partners? B: 是的。东盟有10个对话伙伴,它们是澳大利亚、加拿大、中国、欧盟、印度、日本、俄罗斯、新西兰、韩国和美国。 A:What is the area that ASEAN covers? How man languages are spoken in this region? What is the total population? B: 东盟地区面积大约有450万平方公里,有14中官方语言和7种宗教。人口总数在2000年有5.12亿。 A: 4.5 million square kilometers is about half of China’s territory, such a big regional organization neighboring China. How is the relationship between ASEAN and China now? B:东盟不仅在区域上面积广大,在经济、政治、科技上也是一个举足轻重的地区。所有的东盟成员国都是中国的友好近邻。自从上世纪90年代以来,中国与东盟的关系一直很好,政治联系日益密切。 A:Can you give some data? B: 在中国与东盟的关系中,经贸、科技方面的合作是基本的组成部分。1994年的贸易总额从120亿增加到235亿美元,其中中国出口额109.2亿美元,进口123.6亿美元。双方的相互投资过去几年也不断增加。东盟在劳务合作和项目建设方面已经成为中国的重要市场。中国和东盟已经同意用8年的时间创建世界人口最密集的自由贸易区。 A:The relationship is very good economically, but how about

口译教程部分答案

2.2 Why do we have eyebrows? Those tiny, little hairs above our eyes that many women either pluck, paint, pierce or tattoo play a very important role in keeping moisture out of our eyes. Just like an umbrella keeps our bodies dry from the rain, our hairy eyebrows keep our eyes dry from rain or sweat. When it's pouring rain outside or when sweat drips down from our foreheads, our eyebrows divert the flow of water or sweat away from our eyes. Our arch-shaped eyebrows angle the rain or sweat around to the side of our faces--leaving our eyes fairly dry. By catching the water or sweat, our eyebrows not only allow us to see more clearly, but also keep salty sweat from burning or irritating our eyes. Eyebrows have other roles also. As one of our most expressive facial features, eyebrows help us determine how people are feeling without ever really asking them. If a person's eyebrows are frowning, chances are they are mad or upset. In addition, eyebrows have an increasing impact on our beauty or fashion culture over the years. Thick, hairy and big eyebrows tend to be characterized as unattractive while thin and plucked eyebrows are said to be more attractive. 3.1Hotels in China Hotels in China are classified into first class, second class and third class based on their star-rating. Five-star and most four-star hotels are in the first class. Guest rooms in first class hotels all have fully-fitted bathrooms, refrigerators, telephones and satellite TV. They have fully adjustable climate control through central air-conditioning facilities. Other ancillary facilities provided by these hotels include such things as business centres, conference facilities, beauty parlours, saunas, foreign exchange, bowling centers, disco-ballrooms, swimming pools, gymnasiums, restaurants, cafes, shopping centers and bars which are open 24 hours a day. The second class generally includes three-star hotels and some two-star ones. Guest room facilities and services are not up to the standard of those in first class hotels. Tour groups normally prefer to stay in second class hotels. Third class hotels are much like motels in Western counties in terms of facilities and services. Hardware facilities in such hotels are of course inferior to those provided by second class hotels, but they offer prices 50% or more below those of second class hotels. As a result, they are popular with many tourists. 5.1 What makes a good conversation? Recently, a friend phoned me. She’s one of those people who could talk under wet cement. I've discovered that I can even put the phone down and attend to something in another room while she's talking and she doesn’t even notice. A second friend phoned me that night. I was very tired, but I soon forgot my weariness as we animatedly shared our opinions, beliefs and personal experiences. Time flew, and as I went to bed very late that night, I thought, “Now, that was a really good conversation!” It occurred to me that it might be an interesting topic to research for my speech tonight. So I asked some of my friends what they thought made a good conversation. They had different suggestions, but all agreed on three main points: mutual interest, give and take, trust. Let's look at the first one: mutual interest. A conversation has to be of interest to all concerned. As one friend suggested, a good conversation is when two or more people voluntarily explore the topic. But how can we be sure that we are not boring others? We need to be sensitive to the cues

口译基础教程对话练习答案 仲伟合

Unit 1 李颖:We are going to ascend the great wall tomorrow morning. So I’d like to go to bed early and have a good sleep this evening. You know climbing the great wall is not an easy job. 明天早上我们计划去爬长城,所以我想今晚早点休息,好好睡一觉。你知道爬长城可不是一件简单的事情。 Jack: Great. The Great Wall is very famous and becomes a must for tourist in Beijing. Would you tell me something about it? 好啊。长城那么有名,是游客来北京必去的景点。你能和我说一说长城么? 李颖:OK. The construction of the great wall took altogether over 2000years.it started in the Zhou dynasty in the 7th century. B.C. And continued until Ming Dynasty in the 15th century A.D. The existing wall was built in the Ming Dynasty. 好。长城的整个建筑过程持续了总共两千多年,始于公元七世纪的周朝,后来一直延续到公元后十五世纪的明朝。现存的城墙都是明朝修建的。 Jack: The Great Wall is indeed the crystallization of the industry and wisdom of the Chinese people and also a symbol of ancient Chinese culture. Then why the ancient people built the wall? 长城的确是中国人民勤劳智慧的结晶,同时也是中国古代文化的象征.那么为什么古代人民要修建长城呢? 李颖:It was constructed to guard against the invasion by nomadic tribes from the north. When enemy troops approached, guards on watch would send smoke signals from the beacon-fire towers as an alarm. 修建长城是为了抵御来自北方游牧民族的入侵。敌军逼近时,放哨的警卫就会在烽火台上发送烟雾信号作为警报。 Jack: How did they manage to do so? Can you be more specific? 他们怎么发送烟雾信号作为警报呢?你能说的具体点么? 李颖:Those towers on the wall are spaced at equal distances from each other. When guards in a tower saw the signals from its neighbor, they immediately did the same thing .In this way; the signals would be relayed to the capital. 长城上的烽火台是均匀分布的。如果烽火台上的警卫看到相邻烽火台上发出的信号,他们就会立刻跟着发出信号。这样一个接一个信号就传到了都城。 Jack: what the smart idea the ancient people had! I was told that in china. People usually call the Great Wall “Ten Thousand Li Long Wall”. Does it really mean that long? 古代人民的想法真是巧妙啊!我听说在中国人们通常把长城称作“万里长城”。真的有那么长么? 李颖:Yes, exactly. It runs all the way across the eastern half of china with a length of about 6 000 kilometers. 是的,正是这样。长城绵延约6 000公里,穿越了中国的东半部。 Jack: 6 000 kilometers! It is unbelievable. 6 000公里!难以置信。 李颖:The Great Wall is said to be the only building on the earth that can be seen from the outer space. 据说万里长城是从外太空可以看到的地球上唯一的建筑。

基础口译教程-U10 词汇短语表

基础口译教程词汇短语表 U10 Culture and history Warming-up Practice 1. Everyday etiquette etiquette /'et?ket/ n.the formal rules for polite behaviour in society or in a particular group礼仪,礼节 spoil /sp??l/ vi. to start to decay〔开始〕变质,变坏,腐败 delicately /'del?k?tl?/ adv. 谨慎地;委婉地 that is to say也就是说,换句话说 tone /t??n/ cn. the way your voice sounds, which shows how you are feeling or what you mean〔说话的〕语气,口气,腔调 in case万一 contact sb.联系某人 replacement /r?'ple?sm?nt/ un. when you get something that is newer or better than the one you had before更换;替换 2. The American national flag national flag国旗 stripe /stra?p/ n. a line of colour, especially one of several lines of colour all close together条纹, 线条 original /?'r?d??n?l/ adj. existing or happening first, before other people or things原先的,最早的,最初的 decorative /'dek?r?t?v/ adj. pretty or attractive, but not always necessary or useful装饰(性)的,装饰用的 3. Christmas traditions wreath /ri?θ/ n. a circle of leaves or flowers that people use to decorate their houses at Christmas 〔圣诞节期间装饰屋子的〕花环 get the custom of ...沿袭了……的传统 holly /'h?l?/ n. a small tree with sharp dark green leaves and red berries ( berry ), or the leaves and berries of this tree, used as a decoration at Christmas冬青树〔用作圣诞节装饰的〕冬青树叶及浆果 dark, bitterly cold winter阴沉苦寒的冬天 symbolize /'s?mb?la?z/ v. if something symbolizes a quality, feeling etc, it represents it象征,代表;用符号表示 promise /'pr?m?s/ n. a sign that something, usually something good, may happen迹象;〔通常指〕吉兆

商务英语口译教程Unite1_Unite4课后习题答案

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