(完整word版)被动语态详解及分类练习(包括句子翻译)
一、被动语态
1) 被动语态最基本的句型结构是：be + Vp.p （及物动词过去分词）
be 动词可以随时态人称的变化而变化
一、被动语态的用法：
1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned every day.
I am asked to study hard by my mother.
Knives are used for cutting things.
2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
A new shop was built last year.
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词
This book has been translated into many languages.
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
A new hospital will be built in our city.
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
Young trees must be watered often.
Your mistakes should be corrected right now.
The door may be locked inside.
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
They ar e planting trees over there. →
7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词
There are two books to be read. →
There are twenty more trees to be planted.
练习：
1. The boy ______ to get supper ready after school yesterday．
A. were told
B. is telling
C. was told
D. tells
2. A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China in ten years．
A. must
B. will be
C. has
D. have
3. Chinese _______ by the largest number of people.
A. speak
B. is speaking
C. speaks
D. is spoken
4. The old stone bridge ___ next week.
A.is going to be rebuilt
B. will be rebuild
C. are going to be rebuilt
D. will rebuild
5. The coat___her sister.
A. made to
B. were made for
C. was made for
D. was made to
2) 被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词
原则上，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但是，许多不及物动词加上介词或者副词，变成及物动词短语如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，这时也可有被动语态。此时应注意短语的整体性，即后面的介词或副词不要丢掉。例如：
We should speak to old people politely.
Old people ______ ______ ______ ______ politely by us.
She will take good care of the children．（变被动语态）
The children will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ by her．
1．规则动词的过去分词
1）一般情况下栽动词原形后面加–ed
2）以不发音e结尾的加-d
3）以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改i加-ed
4）以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母在家-ed
watch-watched practice-practiced
study-studied stop-stopeed
2. 不规则动词的过去分词
am have do-done
is been write-written
are has go-gone
3）被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。例如：
Where could they grow these vegetables？（改为被动语态）
Where _____ vegetables ________ _________?
【翻译练习】
1.孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。（welcom）
2.这次英语演讲比赛将会在下星期五举行。(hold)
3.在过去五年里，他被认为是这个村里最有才华的年轻人。(consider…as…)
4.Jim正在院子里修理他的自行车。（repair）
5.就网球来说他还从来没有被别人打败过。/ 他在网球上海从来没有遇到过对手。（beat）
6.你不必把这封信打印出来。（print）
7.据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。
8.据专家所说，所有的桥梁必须重建。（rebuild）
3) 在下列情况下，一般使用被动语态：
（1）表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成。例如：
It is said that…据说
It is reported that… 据报道
It is believed that…大家相信
It is hope d that…大家希望
It is well known that… 众所周知
It is thought that…大家认为
It is suggested that…据建议
It is taken granted that…被视为当然
It has been decided that… 大家决定
It must be remember that… 务必记住的是
4) 注意被动语态的几个特殊情况：
（1）带双宾语的两种被动语态形式：
①把指人的间接宾用作被动句的主语，如：
She gave me a book.
I was given a book by her.
②把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词to或for, 如：
She gave me a book.
A book was given to me by her.
She bought me a present.
A present was bought for me by her.
Her mother gave her a new pen．（变被动语态）
A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother．
（3）复合宾语的主动句在转换成被动句时，那些感官动词和使役动词如make，see，feel, hear 等后所省略的动词不定式to需被还原。例如：
My teacher made me do my homework.
I was made to do my homework by my teacher.
Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday．（变被动语态）
He ______ ______ ______ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday．
5) 主动形式表示被动意义
1）wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如：The book sells well.这本书销路好。
This knife cuts easily.这刀子很好用。
2）need/want/require/worth
当need, want, require, be worth后面接doing时，表示的是被动意义。例如：Your hair needs cutting.= Your hair needs to be cut.
The flowers require watering.
6) 被动形式表示主动意义，如be determined, be pleased, be graduated （from）, be prepared
（for）, be occupied （in）, get married等。例如：
He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb.均可。例如：
He married a rich girl.
He got married to a rich girl.
8) 不宜使用被动语态的几种情况：
（1）有些动词如happen和动词短语如take place是没有被动语态的。
9）熟记教材中与被动语态相关的固定搭配和句型。
例如：be made of / from /in / by, be used for/ as 等。
—Your coat looks nice．Is it ______ cotton？
—Yes．It's ______ Shanghai．
A．made of；made by B．made of；made in
C．made for；made by D．made for；made in
10）被动语态的判断方法。
①当句中出现by sb，with sth短语时常使用被动语态，如：
The door was locked by me.
The road was covered with snow.
②及物动词之后没有宾语常需用被动语态，如：
I _____ (ask) to answer the question.
我们知道，ask是及物动词，其后必须接宾语。但在此题中，ask 之后并没有宾语。这当然不是题目出错了，而是ask的宾语I已经到句首当主语——动作的承受者做主语，自然应使用被动语态：I was asked to answer the question.
③当主语和谓语动词之间形成逻辑上的被动关系时应使用被动语态，如上文所提到的句子“黑板已经擦过了”：
The blackboard _______(clean).
“黑板”与“擦”之间的逻辑关系是：“黑板”被“擦”，故应使用被动语态：The blackboard has been cleaned.
三.巩固练习
1. She said that the car___________ (use) the next week.
2. The desk must ____________ (clean) once a day.
3. Jiefang trucks____________ (make) in Changchun.
4. A pen is used for__________ (write).
5. All that must ____________ (do).
6. They find it useful__________ (learn) English.
7. The radio__________ (use) once in a week in our class. It____________ (not use) yesterday because there was something wrong with it.
8. John____________ (elect) president of the class instead of Harry. 【单项选择】
( ) 1 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.
A. found
B. was founded
C. is founded
D. was found
( ) 2 English ____ in Canada.
A. speaks
B. are spoken
C. is speaking
D. is spoken
( )3 This English song___ by the girls after class.
A. often sings
B. often sang
C. is often sang
D. is often sung
( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.
A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made
( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world.
A. is used
B. are using
C. are used
D. have used
( ) 6 Our room must ___ clean.
A. keep
B. be kept
C. to be kept
D. to keep
( ) 7 -I'd like to buy that coat.
-I'm sorry. ___. A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold ()8A new house ___ at the corner of the road.
A. is building
B. is being built
C. been built
D. be building
( ) 9 The key ___ on the table when I leave.
A. was left
B. will be left
C. is left
D. has been left
( ) 10 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.
A. need
B. are needing
C. are needed
D. will need
( )11 His new book___ next month.
A.will be published
B. is publishing
C. is being published
D. has been published
( ) 12 Japanese ___ in every country.
A. is not spoken
B. are spoken
C. is speaking
D. is not speaking
() 13 These papers___yet.
A. have not written
B. have not been written
C. has not written
D. has not been written
( ) 14 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.
A. didn't
B. won't
C. isn't
D. doesn't
( ) 15 -My shoes are worn out.
A. Can't they be mended?
B. Let me have a look at it.
C. How much do they cost?
D. Can't they mended?
() 16 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.
A. Does
B. Has
C. Is
D. Are
() 17___ these desks be needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do
() 18 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?
A. didn't a meeting hold
B. wasn't a meeting held
C. wasn't held a meeting
D. a meeting wasn't held
() 19 Who was the book___?
A. write
B. wrote
C. written
D. written by
【完整版练习】
( ) 1 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.
A. found
B. was founded
C. is founded
D. was found
( ) 2 English ____ in Canada.
A. speaks
B. are spoken
C. is speaking
D. is spoken
( )3 This English song___ by the girls after class.
A. often sings
B. often sang
C. is often sang
D. is often sung
( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.
A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made
( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world.
A. is used
B. are using
C. are used
D. have used
( ) 6 Our room must ___ clean.
A. keep
B. be kept
C. to be kept
D. to keep
( ) 7 -I'd like to buy that coat.
-I'm sorry. ___. A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold ()8A new house ___ at the corner of the road.
A. is building
B. is being built
C. been built
D. be building
( ) 9 The key ___ on the table when I leave.
A. was left
B. will be left
C. is left
D. has been left
( ) 10 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.
A. need
B. are needing
C. are needed
D. will need
( )11 His new book___ next month.
A.will be published
B. is publishing
C. is being published
D. has been published
( ) 12 Japanese ___ in every country.
A. is not spoken
B. are spoken
C. is speaking
D. is not speaking
() 13 These papers___yet.
A. have not written
B. have not been written
C. has not written
D. has not been written
( ) 14 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.
A. didn't
B. won't
C. isn't
D. doesn't
( ) 15 -My shoes are worn out.
A. Can't they be mended?
B. Let me have a look at it.
C. How much do they cost?
D. Can't they mended?
() 16 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.
A. Does
B. Has
C. Is
D. Are
() 17___ these desks be needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do () 18 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?
A. didn't a meeting hold
B. wasn't a meeting held
C. wasn't held a meeting
D. a meeting wasn't held
() 19 Who was the book___?
A. write
B. wrote
C. written
D. written by
() 20 Where ___ these boxes
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. am
()21 The flowers___often.
A. must be water
B. must be watered
C. must watered
D. must water () 22 The books may___ for two weeks.
A. be kept
B. be borrowed
C. keep
D. borrow
() 23 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.
A. can mend
B. can mended
C. can be mend
D. can be mended
() 24 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.
A.is going to be rebuilt
B. will rebuilt
C. are going to be rebuilt
D. are going to rebuilt
( ) 25 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.
A. is going to be shown
B. will shown
C. will show
D. is shown
() 26 The old stone bridge ___ next week.
A.is going to be rebuilt
B. will be rebuild
C. are going to be rebuilt
D. will rebuild
( )27Now these magazines___ in the library for a long time.
A. have kept
B. are keeping
C. have been keeping
D. have been kept ( ) 28The pot ___ for ___ hot water.
A. used; keeping
B. was used; keeping
C. is used; to keep
D. are used; keep
( )29Tea ___ in the south of China.
A. grows
B. is grown
C. were grown
D. will grow
( ) 30 The bridges___ two years ago.
A. is built
B. built
C. were built
D. was built
( ) 31 Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather.
A. hang
B. hanged
C. hanging
D. hung
( )32 The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it. A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing
C. stop to throw
D. stop from throwing
( ) 33 The teapot ___ water.
A.is filled with
B. filled of
C. fulling of
D. filled
( ) 34Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely.
A. speak to
B. spoken
C. speak
D. spoken to
( ) 35 Old people must ___.
A. look after well
B. be looked well after
C. looked well after
D. be looked after well
( ) 36 Newly-born babies___in hospital.
A. are taken good care
B. are taken good care of
C. take good care of
D. take good care
( )37 They were___ at the sudden noise.
A. frightening
B. frightened
C. frighten
D. frightens
( ) 38These walls___stone.
A.are made of
B. made of
C. are made into
D. made into
( ) 39 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.
A. called
B. was asked
C. told
D. was said
( )40 The papers ___ to them.
A. were shown
B. show
C. shown /
D. have shown
( ) 41 The coat___her sister.
A. made to
B. were made for
C. was made for
D. was made to
( ) 42 I___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.
A. gave
B. was giving
C. had given
D. was given
( ) 43 Good care____such things.
A.should take of
B. should be taken
C. should be taking
D. should be taken of
( ) 44She will____good care____.
A. take; of
B. be taken; of
C. take; for you
D. be taken; of you
( )45The teacher made him___ his homework.
A. to do
B. do
C. did
D. done
( ) 46 The boy___ streets without pay in the old days.
A. was made to clean
B. made clean
C. made to clean
D. was made clean ( ) 47 These children____dance.
A. were seen to
B. were seen for
C. were seen
D. saw to
( ) 48 Thesestones___well.
A. are fitted
B. fit
C. fits
D. is fitted
()49 The bike ___ 500 yuan.
A. was cost
B. costed
C. cost
D. is costed
( )50 The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year.
A. was had
B. was held
C. held
D. had
( ) 51 Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.
A. took place
B. have taken place
C. were taking place
D. had taken place ( ) 52 You can't use the computer, it____.
A. was broken down
B. is wrong
C. is bad
D. has broken down
( ) 53 Great changes___in our country during the past 20 years.
A.have happened
B. happened
C. have been happened
D. were happened
( ) 55 The watch has often ___ down.
A. sat
B. lain
C. broken
D. fell
() 56 Please pass me another cup. This one___.
A. is broken
B. is breaking
C. broke
D. broken
( ) 57 The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s.
A. are written
B. were written
C. are writing
D. were writing
( ) 58 What time ___ the door ___ every day?
A. does; closed
B. does; close
C. is; closed
D. /; close
()59 Can he___himself?
A. get dress
B. get dressed
C. gets dressed
D. instead of
( )60 He fell from his bike and ___.
A. is hurt
B. gets hurt
C. got hurt
D. hurt
Key:
1---5 BDDDC6—10 BCBBC11---15AABBA16--20BABDB21---25BADAA
26---30ADBBC 31---35DBADD 36---40BBABA41---45CDDBB46----50AAACB5 1---55DDACA56---60BCBCC
翻译的基本技巧 被动语态的翻译
翻译的基本技巧——语态转换译法 语态转换译法 1 顺译法 顺译成被动句 顺译成主动句 2 倒译法 把by后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语 把其他介词后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语 倒译成汉语的无主句 3 分译法 一、顺译法 既保留原文的主语，又要使译文主要成分的顺序和原文大体一致的翻译方法就叫顺译法。 1 顺译法 (Translation in Original Order) 1. 1 顺译成被动句 A.译成“被”字 所谓“被”字句，就是在汉语的动词前面加上一个“被”字来表示被动的句子。主要表示这个动作不利于受事者或这个情况有点特殊，或者出乎意料。加上“被”字以引起读者的注意并表示“被”这一动作动作接受者（受事者）是不乐意或不情愿接受的。 例1：Vitamin C is destroyed when it is overheated. 【译文】维生素C受热过度就会被破坏。 例2：Once the flower has been pollinated and fertilized, the plant provides the newly formed seeds with a reserve of food materials, which will be needed when they themselves germinate. 【译文】花一旦被授了粉并受了精，植株就会对新生种子提供养料贮藏，以备种子未来发芽之需。例3：She thought all was fair and legal, and never dreamt she was going to be entrapped into a feigned union with a defrauded wretched, already bound to a bad, mad, and imbruted partner! (Charlotte Bront?: Jane Eyre) 【译文】她以为一切都是公正合法的，做梦也没想到过自己竟会被诱入欺诈婚姻的圈套，跟一个骗子、疯子、十足的坏蛋缔结姻缘。 B. 译成“挨”字句 “挨”仅用于翻译该动作是对动作接受者（受事者）不利或不好的句子。 例1：The boy was criticized yesterday. 【译文】这孩子昨天挨了一顿批评。 例2：I was caught in the downpour. 【译文】我在大雨中挨浇了。 C. 译成“给”字句
英语被动语态的翻译举例
英语被动句的翻译举例 英语被动句翻译为汉语时，应根据具体情况灵活掌握。 1. 用“被”、“由”、“受（到）”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……（给）”、 “是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如： 1）The door was mended by him. 门被他修好了。/ 门叫（让）他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。 2）He was praised（表扬）. But we were criticized（批评；责备）. 3）The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为（被）许多人所使用。 4）The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。 2. 借助句中的状语等做主语，译成汉语的主动句。例如： 1）All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket. 在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或：那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。 2）Table tennis is played all over China. 中国各地都打乒乓球。 3．按照英语句子的主谓顺序，译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如： 1）His homework has just been done. 他的家庭作业刚做完。 2）The food has been eaten up. 食物已吃光了。 4．成汉语的无主句。例如： 1）Soon the news was received. 不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为：不久那个消息就收到了。 2）After a while, many people were seen to run out. 过来一会儿，看到许多人跑了出来。 5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。 例如： 1）He was seen to take the book. 有人看见他拿走了那本书。 2）Air is known to be a mixture of gases. 人们（大家，我们）都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。 3）She is said to know nothing about it. 据说她对这件事什么也不知道。 4）It is said that …. 据说…… It is well known that …. 大家知道……；众所周知…… It is believed that …. 有人相信…… It will be said that…. 有人（将）会说…… It was reported that…据报道…… 6. 改译成主动句。例如： 1）A new dress was made for me by my mother. 我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。 2）I was given many nice presents on my birthday. 在我的生日那天，我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。
九年级被动语态和翻译句子专项练习题
九年级被动语态和翻译句子专项练习题 一、选择题 ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ every year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( )10.Who _____ this book _____? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( )14.Older people ____ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened ( )16. Paper first invented in China . A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )17.—Do you like the flower ? — Yes , it sweet . A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells ( )18. It snowed heavily last night . The ground thick snow . A. was covered with B. was filled with C. was made of D. covered with ( )19. The light in the room before you leave . A. must turn of B. will turn off C. are turned D. must be turned off ( )20. A present me by my friend on my birthday . A. is giving B. was given to C. is given for D. will give to ( )21. The trees in our school every Friday afternoon . A. are watered B. are watering C. have watered D. water ( )22 The bridge in three weeks . A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. builds ( )23. His school bag by a woman ten minutes ago . A. took away B. was taken away C. was taken off D. is taken ( )24. Yesterday a visitor something about his hometown . A. was asked B. was asking C. is asked D. asked ( )25. Do you like this kind of paper ? Yes , it very nice .
英语翻译技巧第八节 英语被动语态的翻译
第八节英语被动语态的翻译 汉英对比，英语的被动句显然多于汉语，因为英语重视形态（形式），汉语不重视形态，重视语感。如： （1）海水不可斗量。（2）文章总算写好了。说汉语的 人自古以来有一种主体思维方式，认为“成事者必在 人”，施事者“尽在不言之中”。所以很多被动关系不必 一定用“被”字句。 一、被动语态的语义价值 第一、被动语态有强调受事者，将它置于话题(topic)的主位的语用功能。 1).Peter was robbed to pay Paul. Peter was robbed by him to pay Paul. 他偷了彼得的钱去还保尔的债。(他剜肉补疮。） 2).The happy man cannot be harried. 吉人自有天相。 第二、被动语态有承接上句的修辞功能。 3）Many advances in computer technology took place in the twenty years after 1950.They are generally classified into four stages or generations. 第三、被动语态在特定的语境中表达对主语的尊敬或说话者的谦恭。 4)Where can you be reached?
在什么地方可以找到您？（请问您住在什么地方？） 5)When will I be interviewed? 我什么时候来参加面试呢？ 第四、被动语态常用以表示说话者对所提出的话题持有某种客观态度，因而比较委婉。 6)He is said to be the most respected teacher in our Department. 7)It is suggested that each speaker is alloted five minutes. 建议每位发言者讲话不要超过五分钟。 二、被动语态的翻译问题 （一）译成汉语主动句 1、原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语 2、原文中的主语在译文中作宾语 3、译成带表语的主动句“…的是…”或“……是……的” 4、常用被动句型的翻译 5、用“在…下”式（主动式动词+介短） （二）译成汉语被动句 1、“被…”或“给…”“让”“叫” 2、“（遭）受…” 3、“为…所” 4、“加以”“予以”“给以”
被动语态句子翻译类型题
被动语态句子翻译类型 题 Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT
1.据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s________thataboutthreehundredpeople______________inthisaccident. 2.这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。 Thecup__________________Davidyesterday. 3.这件外衣是棉制的。 Thecoat__________________cotton. 4.那山顶终年积雪。 Themountain__________________snowallroundtheyear. 5.父亲给他买了一部MP4作为生日礼物。 AMP4_____________________himashisbirthdaypresent. 6.工人们被迫每天工作12小时。 Theworkers____________________________12hoursaday. 7.校运会将在下周三下午举行。 Thesportsmeeting_____________________onWednesdayafternoon. 8.作业应该准时上交。 Ourhomework_____________________inontime. 9.那些书被一个10岁大的女孩写。 Thosebooks_____________________a10-year-oldgirl. 10.那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 Thebridge_____________________bytheworkers_______twoyearsago. Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: oftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass. willshowanewfilmnextweek. didtheybuildthehouse？ sawtheboyentertheroom. theyshowanewfilmnextweek？ theypostedtheletteryet？ oftenseehimhelphisclassmate. mustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed. isrepairingthebike？ studentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart. II.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者 will say nothing more about this matter. have made some flowers of silk. wrote a poem. students are planting some trees and flowers. are to open up a new business next week. couldn’t have done all this damage. of us will see him off at the airport. feed the tigers at the zoo three times a day.
(完整版)被动语态巩固(翻译专练)
被动语态巩固（翻译专练） ?了解汉英被动表达的差异 初中生学习英语被动语态最易出现的错误是，在很多该用被动语态的地方没有用。比如学生经常说出这样的句子：The classroom has cleaned. 这是因为汉语被字句的使用频率很低，学生习惯于“教室打扫干净了”等无形式标记被动句的表达法，对译成英语，也就忘了该用被动语态。深一层的原因是汉语史上被字句一般用来表示不愉快或遗憾的事情。比如人们一般问：“ 教师表扬（你）了没有？”而不大说：“你被老师表扬了没有？”一般说：“（我）又被老师批评了。”而不大说：“老师又批评我了。”（这句话的意思似乎是老师批评得不合适。）再如：“蛋糕被猫吃掉了。”（隐含义是蛋糕本来是我们要吃的。）当然，随着本世纪以来汉语欧化句式的大量涌现，被字句的使用频率大大增加，许多场合的被字句也并不表示不愉快，“我被老师表扬了。”一类句子也到处使用。但与英语相比，汉语中的被字句出现频率仍低了很多。另一方面，汉语中存在的大量无形式标记被动句，如果译成英语则必须用被动语态，但学生往往忘了使用被动语态，这是初中学生学习英语被动句时最易出现的错误。比如“信写完了”常被译成“The letter has written.”。对此，必须设计具体的语境，通过大量的英汉对比翻译，反复操练，才能加深理解。 ①教室打扫干净了。The classroom has been cleaned. ②树种好了。The trees have been planted. ③杯子打破了。The cup was broken. ④汽车撞坏了。The car was broken. ⑤书他拿走了。The book has been taken away by him. 汉语中有的被动句的形式标记不是“被”字，而是“让”、“给”、“叫”、“受”、“遭”、“为…所…”、“挨”、“由”、“使”、“把”、“得到”、“获”、“予以”、“加以”、“经过”、等。 ①那只狗叫他们给杀了。The dog was killed by them. ②小偷让警察抓去了。The thief was captured by a policeman. ③鞋子给扔了。The shoes have been thrown away. ④他遭了父亲一顿打。He was beaten by his father. ⑤我们为那部电影所感动。We were moved by that film. ⑥许多房屋在地震中遭到了破坏。A lot of houses were damaged in the earthquake. ⑦我所有的积蓄都给偷走了。All the money I had saved was stolen. ⑧庄稼让洪水冲毁了。The crops were washed away by the flood. 英语被动句译为不带被动标志性词语但包含被动 许多汉语句子不带表被动意义的标志性词语，看上去好像是主动句，但实际上包含被动意义，这样的汉语句子的被动意义是通过其主谓成分表达的逻辑意义关系来确定的。 ①罗杰，你有电话。Roger, you are wanted on the phone. ②他的腿在一次事故中折断了。His leg was broken in an accident. ③人民大会堂是在1959年建造的。The Great Hall of the People was built in 1959. ④印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的。Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 英语中的被动语态使用极为广泛，尤其是在科技英语中被动语态几乎随处可见，这是因为：（1）被动结构比主动结构更少主观色彩，更注重客观事实；（2）被动结构更能突出主要特征，说明对象，引人注目；（3）在很多情况下被动结构比主动结构更简短。
被动语态翻译题
被动语态练习题 1.我们希望你尽快完成那项工作。 2我们已在会议上讨论了那个重大的问题。 3.学生们经常在课上做那样的练习题。 4.明年他们将在这条河上建一座新大桥。 5.你的家庭作业做完了吗？ 6.这家工厂制作这种自行车。 7.上课之前我们必须交上数学练习本。
8.我们把这个房间当作会议室使用。 9.明天他们会完成植树吗？ 10.你可以早一点做完它。 11.我看见她从学校出来了。 12.她给了我一件生日礼物。 13.我们还没有担完水。 14.你能在两小时之内干完活吗？ 15.我从没听他说过关于这件事.
16.即使问题的确出现了，也可以轻易地得到改正或解决。 17.在全体工作人员的共同努力下，这项生产计划得以顺利实施。 18.人们重新发现了古代文明。 19.教授们因此得到了报酬。 20.人们预计直到2000年那个国家的失业率都会保持稳定。 21.必须立刻处理他频繁的逃课问题。
22.人脑与电脑的区别可以用一个词形容：复杂性。 23.从那以后人们通常认为它是一把双刃剑，就像人的克隆一样，在增加我们的财富以及给我们带来舒适的同时，其潜在的危险又让人们感到恐慌。 24.人们相信核能是我们这个时代最伟大的革新之一，然而人们又担心它会毁灭世界。 25.一种在世界范围内迅速传播的计算机病毒已
经感染了50000多台电脑。 26.大体上来说，人可以分为三种：一种是劳累至死的，一种是忧心至死的，还有一种无聊至死的。 27.总的来说, 得出这种结论是有一定把握的, 然而，必须具备两个条件：能够假定这个孩子与他的竞争能力对手对考试已经有着相同的态度；他也不会因为缺乏对手们已掌握的有关知识而被处罚。
被动语态句子翻译类型题
被动语态句子翻译类型题 Prepared on 22 November 2020
1.据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s________thataboutthreehundredpeople______________inthisaccident. 2.这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。 Thecup__________________Davidyesterday. 3.这件外衣是棉制的。 Thecoat__________________cotton. 4.那山顶终年积雪。 Themountain__________________snowallroundtheyear. 5.父亲给他买了一部MP4作为生日礼物。 AMP4_____________________himashisbirthdaypresent. 6.工人们被迫每天工作12小时。 Theworkers____________________________12hoursaday. 7.校运会将在下周三下午举行。 Thesportsmeeting_____________________onWednesdayafternoon. 8.作业应该准时上交。 Ourhomework_____________________inontime. 9.那些书被一个10岁大的女孩写。 Thosebooks_____________________a10-year-oldgirl. 10.那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 Thebridge_____________________bytheworkers_______twoyearsago. Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: oftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass. willshowanewfilmnextweek. didtheybuildthehouse？ sawtheboyentertheroom. theyshowanewfilmnextweek？ theypostedtheletteryet？ oftenseehimhelphisclassmate. mustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed. isrepairingthebike？ studentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart. II.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者 will say nothing more about this matter. have made some flowers of silk. wrote a poem. students are planting some trees and flowers. are to open up a new business next week. couldn’t have done all this damage. of us will see him off at the airport. feed the tigers at the zoo three times a day.
被动语态翻译练习
页眉 被动语态翻译练习 I. 请按照课上学到的方法翻译下列句子： 1. However, care needs to be taken to ensure that this feedback is itself not too loud or distracting. 【译】不过，这里也要小心处理声音的大小，要确保反馈声音的音量不能太大或者产生干扰。 2. A lot of attention was paid to Michael Jordan 's retirement from the National Basketball Association. There were endless television replays of his leaping and twisting shots . 【译】迈克尔?乔丹从美国国家篮球协会退役一事引起了人们的极大关注，他的跳跃和转体跳投的镜 头在电视上无休无止地回放着。 3. Proper account should be taken of confidential business information. 【译】对于商业机密的信息，须做适当的考虑。 4. Amazon 's warehouses are stocked with 4.4 million yards of ribbon and 7.8 million sq . ft. of wrapping paper . 【译】亚马逊各地的仓库存放着440万码包装袋，780 平方英尺包装纸。 5. These old-style cartoons would not apply today--apart from being present at the birth itself , fathers are encouraged to spend time with the mother and baby , and babies are usually kept with the mother as opposed to being placed in a nursery elsewhere. 【译】这些旧式的漫画如今不适用了，且不说分娩时让父亲们在场，还鼓励她们与母亲和婴儿待在一 起，婴儿通常也与母亲在一起，而不是放在别处的婴儿。 6. To provide this global Internet research service , panelists are being recruited worldwide to agree to be monitored by the service , and to provide survey results for businesses which want to target consumers through the Internet . 【译】为了提供这项全球因特网研究服务，公司正在全世界招募研究小组成员，他们需同意接受检测 并为那些想通过因特网捕捉消费者的商家提供调查结果。 7. Both technologies are being explored now, but both are still in the beginning stages of development. 【译】两种技术现在都在探索中，但都还处于初步开发阶段。 II. 请翻译下列段落： 1. To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say: “I will take or that. ”Such an attempt only aggravatesthe strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet hardly get any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. 【译】要想真正生活得幸福和平安，一个人至少应该有两三种业余爱好，而且必须是真正的爱好。到了晚年才开始说“我要培养这个或那个兴趣”是毫无用处的。这种尝试只会增加精神上的负担。在与自己日常工作无关的领域中，一个人可以获得渊博的知识，但却很难有所收益或得到放松。不能爱哪行才干哪行,要干哪行爱哪行。 页眉 2. Broadly speaking, human being may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death. It is no use offering the manual
英汉翻译方法1——被动语态译法
被动语态的翻译 教学内容 ?1、英语中常用被动语态的情况 ?Why passive voice is used in English? ?2、汉语中被动意义的表现方式 ?How the sense of “passiveness” is conveyed in Chinese ?3、英语被动语态的翻译 Memo ?Suppose a little boy broke someone’s window. ?1. Your son broke my window. ?2. The window was broken by your son. ?Notes: If the owner of the house wants to complain to the boy’s parent, he would say “1”; ?But if he just talks about the window and does not want to trace the responsibility of the incident he would simply say “2”. ?When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries to be treated. The commonest form of treatment is heating. When the oil is heated, the first vapors to rise are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed into paraffin. Last of all the lubricating oils of various grades are produced. What remains is heavy oil that is used as fuel. ?When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries to be treated. The commonest form of treatment is heating. When the oil is heated, the first vapors to rise are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed into paraffin. Last of all the lubricating oils of various grades are produced. What remains is heavy oil that is used as fuel. ?一、被动语态在英语中的运用 被动语态的广泛使用是英语区别于汉语的一大特点。这一特点在科技英语语体中反映得尤为突出。这不仅是因为被动结构比主动结构更少主观色彩，结构更简单，还因为有不必、不愿或无从说出施动者等情况的存在。 ?1、不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如： Such books are written for children. We haven’t been told about it. The English evening has been put off till Saturday. ?2、出于礼貌措辞等方面考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。例如： You are requested to give a performance. It is said that you were late for class this morning. Why were your late? ?3、无从说出施动者是谁。例如： You’re wanted on the phone. The problem is being studied. Rice is chiefly grown in the south. ?4、为了便于上下衔接。例如： He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.
【英语】被动语态详解+例句(1)
【英语】被动语态详解+例句(1) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth ________. A．to be visited B．being visited C．visiting D．to visit 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 主动形式表达被动意义。句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，主动形式表达被动意义。故选C项。 2．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A 3．—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report. — Oh，my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow. A．was expected B．will expect C．expected D．will be expected 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：——经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。——哦，天哪，我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境，是过去预料他明天会回来，而且经理是被预计，故用一般过去时的被动。故选A。 【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意，这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时间，要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。 考点：考查时态和语态 4．Many artifacts ________ for the first time in the National Museum at present. A．were exhibited B．were being exhibited C．are being exhibited D．are exhibited 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根
5突破英文中被动语态的翻译 二
突破英文中被动语态的翻译二 动词的分配原则 中英文的总分关系 同位语的翻译 “重译法”和“抽象名词”的翻译方法 It is not known how rare this resemblance is, or whether it is most often seen in inclusions of silicates such as garnet, whose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond; but when present, the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly to co genetic. 不知道这样的相似究竟有多么的稀少，或者是否最常见于硅酸盐的内含物当中，比如石
榴石，它的晶体结构总的来说从某种程度上类似于钻石，但是当存在时，这种相似就被认为是有说服力的证据，钻石和内含物确实是同源的。 It is not known that… How rare this resemblance is Or Eg. He wears a coat, a hat and a scarf. Such as garnet 例如：中国选手在跳水、乒乓球、羽毛球、体操等项目上都获得了金牌。 Whose That of diamond Is regarded as Diamond
现在尚不知这种类似稀少到何种地步，也不知道是否它最常见于像石榴石一类的硅酸盐的内含物中，而这类物质的晶体结构普遍地在某种程度上类似于金刚石的晶体结构。但一旦存在，这种类似就可以视作是极有说服力的证据，证明金刚石与内含物确实是同源的。 而 The resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly to co genetic. Beijing, the capital of China, is a very beautiful city. So, let us, in these next five days, start a long march together, not in lockstep, but on different roads leading to the same goal, the
被动语态句子翻译类型题
1.据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s________thataboutthreehundredpeople______________inthisaccident. 2.这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。 Thecup__________________Davidyesterday. 3.这件外衣是棉制的。 Thecoat__________________cotton. 4.那山顶终年积雪。 Themountain__________________snowallroundtheyear. 5.父亲给他买了一部MP4作为生日礼物。 AMP4_____________________himashisbirthdaypresent. 6.工人们被迫每天工作12小时。 Theworkers____________________________12hoursaday. 7.校运会将在下周三下午举行。 Thesportsmeeting_____________________onWednesdayafternoon. 8.作业应该准时上交。 Ourhomework_____________________inontime. 9.那些书被一个10岁大的女孩写。 Thosebooks_____________________a10-year-oldgirl. 10.那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 Thebridge_____________________bytheworkers_______twoyearsago.Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: oftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass. willshowanewfilmnextweek. didtheybuildthehouse sawtheboyentertheroom. theyshowanewfilmnextweek theypostedtheletteryet oftenseehimhelphisclassmate. mustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed. isrepairingthebike studentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart. II.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者 will say nothing more about this matter. have made some flowers of silk. wrote a poem. students are planting some trees and flowers. are to open up a new business next week. couldn’t have done all this damage. of us will see him off at the airport. feed the tigers at the zoo three times a day. must hand in your homework before five. say that she is a good teacher. Ⅲ.将下列句子改为被动语态。 1. We often sing this song. _______________________________ 2. He broke his leg in the match. _______________________________