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高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句

高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句
高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句

第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为:时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一,在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查,在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下:

核心考点01考查并列连词

并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。

1.表示并列关系的连词

表示并列关系的连词有and,both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。

2.表示选择关系的连词

表示选择关系的连词有or,either...or...等。

3.表示转折关系的连词

表示转折关系的连词有but,yet,while等。

4.表示因果关系的连词

表示因果关系的连词有for,so。

We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families.

5.when作并列连词的用法

when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式:

①sb.was doing sth.when...

②sb.was about to/going to do sth.when...

③sb.was on the point of doing sth.when...

④sb.had just done sth.when...。如:

We were having a meeting when someone broke in.

我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。

6.while作并列连词的用法

while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。如:

He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.

他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民间音乐。

I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin.

我喜欢弹钢琴,而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。

典例分析1

(2017北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited.

—No problem.

【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知,第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。

【答案】so

典例分析2

He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone.

【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。

【答案】but

典例分析3

You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you.

【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。

【答案】or

典例分析4

Our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, _________for the week after.

【解析】句意:我们的房间预订的不是那一周,而是后一周。根据前面的hadn’t判断,本空填but;not...but...“不是……而是……”。

【答案】but

典例分析5

There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_________ some of them looked very anxious.

【解析】句意:很多人在公交车站那里等着,他们中一些人看上去很焦躁。空格前后是两个句子,而且表示两种并列的状况,所以要用and连接。

【答案】and

典例分析6

Give me a chance,_________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.

【解析】句意:如果你给我一个机会,我会给你一个惊喜。此处为“祈使句+and+简单句”结构。

【答案】and

状元提醒

祈使句加and, or引导的并列句表示条件。

Study hard, or you will fail the exam.好好学习,不然的话会考试不及格。

Stand up and you’ll see farther.如果站起来,你就会看得更远。

核心考点02考查时间状语从句

时间状语从句通常由从属连词when,while,as,till/until,not... until...,since,before,whenever,after,as soon as,hardly…when…,no sooner…than…,once等引导。作答相关的试题时,一定要根据上下文所提到的动作或事件的先后关系来判断。

1. 名词词组引导时间状语从句

名词词组every time,the next time,the moment,the instant等,也可起从属连词的作用,引导时间状语从句。

I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.

我第一次见她就对她印象很好并认为她很诚实。

I found myself in an entirely new world the moment I arrived in Beijing.

我一到北京就感到耳目一新。

2. 副词用作连词引导的时间状语从句

instantly, immediately,instantly,directly, presently等也可起从属连词的作用,引导时间状语从句,表示"一……就……"的意思。

The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.

那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进房间。

Directly he came in, he knew something had happened.

他一进来,就知道出了什么事了。

3. when, while和as的区别

(1) when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。

Sorry, I was out when you called me. 对不起,你打电话时我刚好外出了.

Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁

The students took notes as they listened. 学生们边听课边做笔记.

(2) when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。

When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest.

当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿。

When I got to the airport, the guests had left.

当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了。

(3) 当主句、从句动作同时进行,从句主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用

as,意为“随着……”;“一边……,一边……”。

The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.

随着高度的增加,大气越来越稀薄。

(4) 如果主句表示的是短暂性的动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,when/while/as可换用。

When/While/As I walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.

我在街上走的时候,看到了一位朋友。

4. till, until和not…until的用法

(1)till和until用于肯定句中,和延续性动词连用,意为“直到……为止”,表示该动作或

状态的终止时间。(till和until作介词的用法相同)

She stood there until he had passed out of sight.

她站在那里直到他从视线里消失。

(2)till和until用在否定句中,常和非延续性动词连用,意为“直到……才……”,表示动作的开始时间。

The Olympic Games, first played in 776 B.C., did not include women players until it was held in 1912.

奥林匹克运动会第一次举办是在公元前776年,直到1912年才有女选手参赛。

注意:until可以用在句首,till不可以用在句首。

Until you told me, I knew nothing about it.

直到你告诉我,我才知道这件事情。

5. since和before的用法比较

(1)since引导的时间状语从句,从句谓语动词是延续性动词的时候,理解为某动作的终止,如果从句谓语动词是非延续性动词的时候理解为某个状态的开始。

It is three years since he became a teacher.

他当教师已经三年了。

It is three years since he was a teacher.

他不当教师已经三年了。

(2)before引导的时间状语从句它可翻译为:“还未……就……”,“……才……”,“还没来得及……就……”等。

He walked out of the room before I could say a word.

我还没来得及说一句话他就走出了房间。

③与before和since相关的句型

It is+一段时间+since…(过去时). 自从……以来……

It will be+一段时间+before…(一般现在时).要过多长时间才……

It was+一段时间+before…(一般过去时).过了……才……

It will be +not+一段时间+before…. 过不了多长时间……就……

It wasn’t+时间段+before…(一般过去时). 过……之后就……

It is 30 years since he joined the revolution. 他参加革命己三十年了。

It was three days before he came back. 他三天后才回来。

It will be a month before we graduate. 再过一个月我们就毕业了。

典例分析1

(2017北京卷)If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _________ you figure it out.

【解析】句意:如果你不理解某个事物, 你可以去调查、研究、与他人交谈, 直到你把它弄明白为止。所填的词意为“直到”,所以用until/till引导时间状语从句,

【答案】until/till

典例分析2

the wedding ceremony began,the couple nervously repeated their vows “We promise to love each other for better,for worse,for richer,for poorer,in sickness and in health”.

【解析】句意:当婚礼开始时,那对新人紧张地重复着他们的誓言“我们发誓彼此相爱,无论环境好坏、无论贫穷富足、无论疾病健康。”根据上下文逻辑可知设空处引导时间状语从句,且从句谓语动词为瞬间动词,故答案为When。

【答案】When

典例分析3

It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

【解析】句意:午夜时分,父亲叫醒我,告诉我看足球比赛。when“当……时候”,并且从句谓语动词wake是短暂性动词,所以填when。

【答案】when

典例分析4

The young couple who returned my lost wallet, left I could ask for their names.

【解析】句意:将钱包归还给我的那对年轻夫妇,在我问他们的姓名之前就已经离开了。结合句意可知,此处填before引导时间状语从句,表示“在……之前”。

【答案】before

典例分析5

状元提醒

时间状语从句注意事项

1.需注意各种从属连词,尤其是比较容易引起错误的搭配和不常使用的词。如:hardly…when…,no sooner…than…,the moment,every time,once,each time等。

2.注意时态的呼应。

时间状语从句中用一般现在时态代替将来时态。此外,since引导的从句和主句

时态不一致,hardly…when…,no sooner…than…时态的搭配都是需要引起注意的。

3.主句后跟until/till引导的句子时,要注意主句动词的延续性和终止性的区别,还

要注意对until引导的内容进行强调的用法。

核心考点03考查地点状语从句

地点状语从句通常由where,wherever和everywhere引导。作答时一定要根据下文的逻辑关系来判断所填的从属连词,并注意where引导的地点状语从句和定语从句的区别。

Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。

Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.

她所到之处都有成群的人等着见她。

典例分析

(2017江苏卷) Located _________ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.

【解析】句意:位于“一带”与“一路”的交汇处,江苏将为“一带一路”建设作出更大贡献。根据句意可知,所填的词引导地点状语从句,所以填where。

【答案】where

状元提醒

where既可以引导定语从句,也可以引导地点状语从句。引导定语从句时,从

句前应该有一个表示地点的名词作先行词,where可以变为“介词+关系代词”形

式;而状语从句前则没有先行词。

Put the book at the place where you took it.(定语从句)

Put the book where you took it.(状语从句)

把书放回原来的地方。

核心考点04考查原因状语从句

原因状语从句由because,since,as,now that等连词引导。作答时可根据上下文的因果关系来判断。

典例分析

Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply ________ we were so tired after the long journey.

【解析】句意:夜晚的空气很热,我们睡得很深,因为长途旅行后我们太累了。根据句意可知,前面是结果,后面是原因,所以填because。

【答案】because

状元提醒

1. because,since,as,now that的区别

连词区别位置内涵能否回答

why问句

能否被强调

because(因为)主句前或

直接原因能能

as(由于)主句前或

后双方都知道

的原因

否否

since/now that(既

然)

主句前

Now that you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.

既然你有了机会,你要充分利用它。

We had better hurry as it's getting dark.因为天快要黑了,我们最好快点。

2. 另外,seeing (that)…(由于;鉴于);considering (that)…(考虑到;鉴于)也可引导原因状语从句。

Seeing (that) the weather is bad, we’ll stay at home.

因为天气不好, 我们要呆在家里了。

Considering (that) it is handmade, the price seems reasonable.

考虑到它是手工制成的,价格还算合理。

核心考点05考查目的状语从句

常用引导词:so that,in order that。

特殊引导词:lest,in case,for fear that。如:

In order that every student might understand it, the teacher explained that passage again and again.

为了使每个学生都明白,老师反复讲解那一段。

We spoke in whispers for fear that we might wake the baby.

我们轻声说话,以免吵醒婴儿。

典例分析

He had his camera ready _______case he saw something that would make a good picture.

【解析】句意:他准备好了相机以防看到可以拍摄的景物。in case“以防;以免”,引导目的状语从句。

【答案】in

核心考点06考查结果状语从句

so…that…和such…that…引导结果状语从句,意思相同,意为“如此……,以至于……”。如:

He is such a kind person that we all like him.

=He is so kind a person that we all like him.

=He is so kind that we all like him.

他是一个非常善良的人,我们都喜欢他。

典例分析

It was _________ warm that the family had to have the electric fan on all day long.

【解析】天太热,一家人不得不全天开着电扇。分析句子结构可知,本题是so…that…引导的结果状语从句。空格后面是形容词,所以填so。

【答案】so

状元提醒

so…that…和such…that…各自所使用的句式如下:

so+形容词(副词)+that从句

so+many/few/much/little+名词+that从句

so+形容词+a(an)+单数可数名词+that从句

such+a(an)+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句

such+形容词+复数名词(不可数名词)+that从句

such+a lot of /lots of +名词+that从句

I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.

我摔了好多次跤,周身青一块紫一块的。

This is such an interesting book that all the students in our class want to read it.

=This is so interesting a book that all the students in our class want to read it.

这本书如此有趣,我们班所有的学生都想读。

注意:

当so, such以及各自修饰部分置于句首时,主句用部分倒装。当such为代词在

主句中作表语时,such置于句首,主句用完全倒装。

Such was what he told me. 这就是他告诉我的。

核心考点07考查让步状语从句

让步状语从句通常由though,although,as,while, even if (though),whether...or...,however,whatever,whoever,whenever,no matter +wh…等引导。

典例分析1

(2016浙江卷) _______online shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects have been positive.

【解析】句意:尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。根据句意可知,所填的词引导让步状语从句,所以填while/though/although。

【答案】While/Though/Although

典例分析2

I don’t really like the author, _______ I have to admit his books are very exciting.

【解析】句意:我实在是不喜欢那位作家,尽管我不得不承认他的作品非常激动人心。根据句意判断,两句之间是让步关系,故可填连词(al)though“虽然,尽管”。

【答案】(al)though

状元提醒

1.while引导的让步状语从句,只能放在句首,意为“虽然;尽管”。

While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.

虽然他爱他的学生, 可是他对他们很严格。

2.as/though引导的让步状语从句常使用倒装语序。

Well-written as/though the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise

it.

尽管这本书写得很好,作者还是不满意并打算修改它。

3.“疑问词+ever”引导的让步状语从句

however,whatever,whoever,whenever等引导的让步状语从句相当于“no

matter+疑问词”,意为“无论……”。

No matter where (Wherever) you go, I would keep you company.

不管你到哪去,我都会陪着你。

Whatever you do and wherever you go, you can encounter pain.

你无论做什么,也无论你去往何处,都会遭受苦恼。

核心考点08考查条件状语从句

常用引导词:if,unless。

特殊引导词:as/so long as,only if,providing/provided that,suppose that,in case that,on condition that。如:

As long as you can keep away from them, you’re safe.

只要你离他们远一点,你就会安全。

Provided that you have the money in your account, you can withdraw up to $100 a day.

只要账户存款足够,你每天对多可提取100美元。

典例分析1

(2016天津卷)I learned that ________ you fall in love with something and do it all the time,you will get better at it.

【答案】if

【解析】句意:我了解到如果你喜欢上什么事情而且一直做,你会越来越擅长。that后为宾语从句,宾语从句又含有一个从句,前后为假设关系,所以用if引导条件状语从句。

典例分析2

________ I visit every bookstore in town, I shall not know whether I can get what I want.

【解析】句意:如果我不到城里每一家书店去看看,我就不知道是否能买到我想要的书。根据句意可知,空格处填unless引导条件状语从句。

【答案】Unless

核心考点09考查方式状语从句和比较状语从句

方式状语从句一般由as,as if/as though, the way等引导;比较状语从句由as…as…,not as/so…as,than, the more…, the more…引导。

典例分析

They completely ignore these facts as ________ they never existed.

【解析】句意:他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它们不存在似的。根据句意可知,本

句为方式状语从句。所以填if/though。

【答案】if/though

达标诊断以状元的方式,诊断纠错

单句语法填空

结合语境,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1. I was frightened on my first day, _____ I was also excited that I was going to attend my first real physics class.

【答案】but

【解析】句意:第一天我很害怕,但是我也很兴奋,我要第一次上真正的物理课。根据句意可知,上下文是转折关系,所以填but。

2. The photo was taken _______ stood the famous statue, a landmark of the city he paid a visit last July.

【答案】where

【解析】句意:照片是在著名雕塑那个地方照的,是去年七月他参观的城市地标。分析句子结构可知,所填的词引导地点状语从句,所以填where。

3. I really enjoy listening to music ______ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.

【答案】because

【解析】句意:我非常喜欢听音乐,因为它能让我放松,使我不去想其它的事情。前后是因果关系,所以填because。

4. More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want,and I am one of them.I just can’t help buying things I need them or not.

【答案】whether

【解析】句意:越来越多的人愿意在网上买自己想要的东西,我就是其中之一。无论我需不需要,我都会情不自禁地买东西。根据语境可以推断出此处考查让步状语从句,whether...or not “无论……还是……”。

5. In some parts of Europe, incomes are high, ________ in other parts they are much lower.

【答案】while

【解析】句意:在欧洲的一些地区收入很高,而在其他地方则非常低。根据句意可知,

高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句

第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为:时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一,在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查,在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下: 核心考点01考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and,both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or,either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but,yet,while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for,so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 5.when作并列连词的用法

when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb.was doing sth.when... ②sb.was about to/going to do sth.when... ③sb.was on the point of doing sth.when... ④sb.had just done sth.when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 6.while作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴,而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知,第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you. 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or

高考必考语法:并列句与状语从句

高考必考语法:并列句与状语从句 一、并列句 (一) 并列连词 ①They come from the same country,and they are good friends. ②I was glad to meet Jenny again,but I didn't want to spend all day with her.(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ) ③It must have rained last night,for it is wet all over. ④Yesterday, I forgot to pick my daughter up, so she waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours. ⑤Would you like to leave or would you like to stay? 规律总结: 1.表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。 2. 表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而), whereas(然而,但是), while(然而)等。 3.表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。 4.表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either ... or ..., not ... but, neither ... nor ...等。

(二) 祈使句+and/or/otherwise句式 ①Work hard and you will succeed.=If you work hard, you will succeed. ②Hurry up or we will be late.= If you don't hurry up, we will be late. ③A few more efforts and you will succeed.=If you make a few more efforts, you will succeed. 规律总结: 1.祈使句+and+陈述句=If ...,+主句。 2.祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句=If ... not ...,+ 主句。 二、状语从句 英语中状语从句总共有九类,分别用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是较复杂的语法项目,但是理解起来并不难。从本质上讲,状语从句就是利用不同的关联词语将几个分句连接起来,以表达分句之间的特定逻辑关系。例如: ①I have brought an umbrella because it is raining.(原因) ②I have brought an umbrella in case it rains.(目的)

高考英语语法专项突破训练专题16-倒装句和省略句

专题十六倒装句和省略句重难点分析 一、倒装句 倒装句主要考查以下几个方面: ◆含有否定意味的词置于句首,用部分倒装; ◆“only+状语/状语从句”置于句首,用部分倒装; ◆so/such…that句型中,“so+形容词/副词”提前,用部分倒装; ◆表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首,要用完全倒装。 1. 倒装句用法一览表:

2. 特别提示 (1) there be结构的倒装句型中,除了be动词之外,there后还可接lie, live, seem to be等。如:There lived an old man in the village long long ago. 很久很久以前,村子里住着一位老人。 (2) here, there, now, then, up, down, away, out等副词位于句首,主语为代词时不到装。如:Away it flew. 它飞走了。 (3) 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首,主句倒装,主句倒装,但是主语为代词时不倒装。如:“You have to finish it tonight,” she said. “今晚你必须完成它,”她说。 (4) so位于句首不倒装的情况:

① 主语与前句相同,表赞同,译为“确实如此”。如: — Mike studies hard. 迈克学习很刻苦。 — So he does. 确实是。 ② 表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事,前句如果列举了两种事实以上,用“so it is/was with sb./sth.”回答。如: — Tom is kind and often helps those in trouble. 汤姆很友好,经常帮助处于困境中的人。 — So it is with his father. 他父亲也是。 (5) 使用as/though进行倒装时注意: ①句首有名词,名词不能带任何冠词。如:Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong. 尽管他是个孩子,却能够明辨是非。 ②句首是实义动词时,其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如: Try hard as he will, he never seems to be able to do the work satisfactorily. 虽然他尽力了,但他的工作总做得不尽如人意。 (6) not until位于句首的倒装结构中,如果是复合句,只有主句用倒装,从句不用。如: Not until he loses his health will he give up smoking. 他直到失去健康才会戒烟。 二、省略句 高考命题导向:省略是一种避免重复,保持简洁的语法手段。缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分,但在一定语境中能够独立存在,意义明确,并且能发挥交际功能的句子叫作省略句。高考主要是考查省略在固定结构中的运用。 省略句用法一览表:

高考英语语法-并列句和状语从句,题型全覆盖

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解析:once一旦。句意:一旦造成损害,土地要好多年才能恢复。 5.We need to get to the root of the problem__before__we can solve it. 解析:本题考查状语从句的连词。before表示“主句发生在从句之前”。句意:在我们解决问题之前,我们需要找到问题的根源。 6.__Although/Though__the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the experience is worth it. 解析:although/though虽然(表示“虽然”时,不在后面使用连词but,不过有时它可与yet,still,nevertheless等副词连用)。句意:虽然那个工作要花大量的时间,但是大多数学生都觉得这次经历是值得的。 7.That's why I help brighten people's days.If you__don't__,who's to say that another person will? 解析:考查if引导的条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。此句中的who's to say that another person will用的是将来时,故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意:这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做,你说谁会这样做? 8.There is only one more day to go__before__your favorite music group play live.

高中英语语法状语从句归纳总结

状语从句一. 二.分类:

adv.+that (如此……以致) so that (结果……) such+n.+that (如果……以致) that (所以,因此) 让步状语从句: though/although 不可同but 连用。 though/although (虽然) however (可是) even though/if (即使) no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever (不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时) 比较状语从句: as (正如) as…as (和……一样) not as/so … as (不如……) than (比……更) the+比较级…+the+比较级 (越……越……) 条件状语从句: if (假设) unless (如果不) so long as (只要) on condition that (如果) 方式状语从句: as (像……那样地) just as (正像) as if (好像) as though (好像) 三. 四. 各种状语从句的简化方法:

1. 2.以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于after/before+doing sth. 作状语。 例:After she sang,she left the rich man's house.= After singing,she left the rich man's house.3. 4.以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语,此时的动词为非延续性动词。 例:Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village. = Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village. 5. 6.时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时,有时可简化为不定式作状语。 例:She stopped when she saw her husband.= She stopped to see her husband. If you want to understand the farmers,you must go to the countryside. = To understand the farmers,you must go to the countryside. 7. 8.结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可以简化为不定式作状语;若两者主语不一致时,则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。 例:He was so tired that he couldn't go any further.= He was too tired to go any further. I came here so that I could ask some questions.= I came here(in order) to ask some questions.9. 10.以when,while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于when/while/if +doing sth.作状语,表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例:When he turned on the radio,he found it broken.= When turning on the radio,he found it broken.While she was walking along the street,she was hit by a car.= While walking along the street,she was hit by a car. 11.原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可简化为分词短语作状语。 例:Since l didn't know Chinese,I tried to speak to her in English.= Not knowing Chinese,I tried to speak to her in English. 注意:形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语,来代替原因状语从句,放在句首、句末均可,但一般应加逗号。 例:As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest,he went into the tea-house. = Thirsty and eager to get a little rest,he went into the tea-house. 12.在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中,若从句和主句主语不一致时,可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状语。 例:When the film start appeared, the children got exited.= The film start appearing,the children got exited. If all the work is done, you can have a rest.= With all the work done,you can have a rest. Nothing can live if there is no air.= Nothing can live without air.

语法——并列句和状语从句

第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句,其基本结构是“+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为:时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一,在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查,在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下: 核心考点01考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet, while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for,so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 作并列连词的用法

when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb. was doing sth. when... ②sb. was about to/going to do sth. when... ③sb. was on the point of doing sth. when... ④sb. had just done sth. when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而, 却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐, 而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴,而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017 北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知,第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you.? 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or

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(2)as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。 Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。 注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

高中英语语法_状语从句练习30题及详解

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