Unit 4 新视野大学英语第三册

A Teaching Plan for Unit 4

(In New Horizon College English Book 3)

Ⅰ. Time: 10 class hours

Ⅱ. Contents:

Listening and speaking

Section A Five Famous Symbols of American Culture

Section B Engelbreit’s the Name, Cute is My Name

Ⅲ. Suggested Timetable:

1. The first two-class-hour session for listening and speaking (Unit 4 in College English Listening and Speaking Course Book 3).

2. Next four-class-hour session for Section A

3. The fourth two-class-hour session for exercises of Section A

4. The fifth two-class-hour session for Section B and Section C

Ⅳ. Aims and Requirements:

Listening and Speaking:

1. Train the students’ ability to understand the main idea and grasp important details of the listening

texts.

2. Give the students a chance to exchange views on the texts they have heard to enable them to have

a deeper understanding of the texts.

Section A Five Famous Symbols of American Culture

Students will be able to:

1.understand the main idea (some typical symbols of American culture)and structure of the

text(narration according to the time sequence);

2.learn some rules of interpreting new vocabulary and usage related to culture in English;

3.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;

4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the

text.

Section B Engelbreit’s the Name, Cute is My Name

1.Teach the reading skill: appreciating figurative language.

2.Enable students to learn some new words and grasp the main idea of the text .

Ⅴ. Focal Points and Difficult Points:

Listening and Speaking:

1. Enable students to be familiar with the passage listening skill

2. Grasp some words and expression which often appear in CET-4

Section A Five Famous Symbols of American Culture

1.The understanding of some terms in American culture

2.The differences between American and Chinese culture.

Section B Engelbreit’s the Name, Cute is My Name

1.Ask the students retell the story.

2.Learn some new words.

VI. Suggested Teaching Procedure and Methodology:

Listening and Speaking:

1.Pre-listening Task:arrange the students in pairs and ask them to discuss the following

questions:

①What do you think of stress?

②Have you ever experienced stress?

③What should we do to deal with stress?

Some key words and expressions in Language Focus:

stressful: adj, causing stress

2.Background Information:

People often experience stress as a result of events in their lives. Stress is a physical condition that results from real or expected problems. People may experience stress when they lose a job or feel threatened. Common signs include increased heart rate, higher blood pressure and muscle tension.

3.Listening to text 1 and 2

4.Speaking Tasks: ask the students to get into pairs and explain to them how to carry out Speaking

Task A- Reflections on the texts, then select a pair to present their views in class.

Section A Five Famous Symbols of American Culture

1.Introduction

An E-mail From My Friend

Dear Gladys,

How are you doing recently? I hope everything goes well. I have chosen Chinese culture this semester, and I really have some problems understanding it, as it is quite different from the American culture. Can you tell me some symbols of Chinese culture so that I can learn more about it and pass this course successfully.

I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Best wishes!

Sincerely Yours,

Michael

(from the letter we can draw the students to the subject of Chinese symbols and therefore to the American symbols, which is the topic of this unit)

2. Background Information

①The Statue of Liberty

The idea of creating the Statue of Liberty began in France at a dinner party hosted by Edouard Rene Lefebvre Laboulaye, a scholar. Laboulaye and Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi, a sculptor, began to

discuss the idea of presenting the United States with a monument to memorialize independence and human liberty.

Bartholdi sailed from France to New York on June 8, 1871, to propose the building of the statue to honor the friendship between France and the United States. As the ship pulled into New York Harbor, Bartholdi spotted the perfect location, Liberty Island.

Bartholdi traveled across the United States carrying a sketch of the statue and a small model. Everyone was receptive, but financial backing was difficult to find.

②Barbie dolls

It was the late 1950s when Ruth Handler noticed her daughter playing with paper dolls and imagining them in grown-up roles. Since most dolls at the time were baby dolls, Ruth envisioned one that would inspire little girls to think about what they wanted to be when they grew up. Ruth created a teenage fashion model doll named Barbie (after her daughter), and the rest is history.

Barbie has been an integral part of the lives of millions of young girls. Her timeless appeal has resulted in a dedicated legion of fans that love to collect her.

3.. Pre-reading Activities

Listen to the passage and try to find out what are the five symbols.

Answer：1. The Statue of Liberty

2. Barbie

3. American Gothic

4. Buffalo Nickel

5. Uncle Sam

听力原文：

Passage A gives us some insight into the origins of symbols by which the United States of America is known around the world. The Statue of Liberty is a female figure which derives from the two favorite women in French artist Bartholdi’s life. Another symbol of American culture is the Barbie doll, which derives from an old German toy model with the American designer’s daughter’s name on it. The great American Gothic painting is in the medieval European style showing the faces of an American dentist and the artist’s sister. The Buffalo nickel derives from an admiration for the American Buffalo and the Indian people. The most lasting image of America derives from the partly true but mostly fictitious story of Uncle Sam.

4. Work on Section A

A) Structure of the Text ( a method of analyzing the text structure is employed)

Part 1 ( Paras. 1-4): The Statue of Liberty

Part 2 ( Paras. 5-10): Barbie

Part 3 ( Paras. 11-14 ):American Gothic

Part 4 (Paras. 15-18):Buffalo Nickel

Part 5(Paras. 19-22): Uncle Sam

B) Detailed study of each part.

Part 1 ( Paras. 1-4): The Statue of Liberty

A. Scan this part and try to find answers to these questions.

1.When, who, what?

2. Purpose?

3. About the creator?

4. How did he created the statue?

5. When did the creator finish the statue? How did he like the statue?

Answers for reference:

Who and what: Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, French artist

When: In the mid-1870s

Purpose: Celebrating US independence and the France-America alliance.

About the creator:He was in love with a woman whom he married in 1876 in spite of his mother’s objection.

How did he create the Statue of Liberty?

It is said that he had used his wife’s arm as the model, but felt her face was too beautiful for the statue. So for the face, he chose his mother’s.

When did the creator finish the statue? How did he like the statue?

In 1886; the creator called it “my daughter, Liberty”.

B. Language points

①His mother could not approve of her son’s affection for a woman she had never met. (para.2) ——his mother couldn’t agree to her son’s love for a woman…

vi. approve of (sb./sth.) 同意

→She doesn’t want to take her new boyfriend home in case her parents don’t approve (of him)

vt. approve sth./sb. 批准

→The Parliament has approved a program of education reform.

②The same year Bartholdi had assembled the statue’s right arm and torch,…(para.3)

assemble.

——fit together (the parts of sth.)组装，装配

e.g. She spent the whole day to assemble the computer.)

——(cause people or things to) come together; collect （使）集合，（使）聚集

e.g. The whole school (was) assembled in the main hall)

③The Statue of Liberty was dedicated on an island…(para.4)

——dedicate oneself / sth. to sth.把…奉献给

e.g. dedicate her life to helping the poor)

——dedicate sth (to sb/sth) 以庄严的仪式把…奉献给（上帝. 圣徒等）

e.g. the church was dedicated in 1880

这座教堂于1880年举行献堂礼

Part 2 ( Paras. 5-10): Barbie

A. Scan this part and try to find answers to these questions.

1. Real name for Barbie?

2. Model for Barbie?

3. How do people feel about Barbie?

Answers for reference:

Barbie’s real name: Barbara

The creation of Barbie: The model for Barbie was a German doll; the new version was named after Barbara, who was then a teenager.

How do people feel about Barbie?

Barbie has become the universally recognized Queen of the Dolls.

Barbara is said to have loved the doll but Ken, Barbara’s brother, was disgusted by the doll.

B. Language points

①Barbara Handler was the daughter of Elliot and Ruth Handler, co-founder of the Mattel Company. (para.7)

co-founder联合创始人

（co- means accompany, sharing, with or joint)

e.g. operate→ cooperate exist→ coexist

director → co-director ( Page 101 Ex Ⅶ)

②Although with an exaggerated breast size (para.7)

exaggerate.

v. make (sth.) seem larger, more important, better or worse than it really is 夸张，夸大

e.g. This is a highly exaggerated version of the incident.

Translate：这个问题被夸大了很多。

→The problem has been greatly exaggerated

※although with an exaggerated breast size

( although she has an ……)

——the structure of “conjunction+ prepositional phrase” ( Page 103 Ex Ⅸ)

③be disgusted by: dislike greatly. (para.10)

e.g. I was greatly disgusted by his words

Part 3 ( Paras. 11-14 ):American Gothic

A. Scan this part and try to find answers to these questions.

1. Who painted it?

2. What was it famous for?

3. Who were the models?

Answers for reference:

Who painted it?Grant Wood.

What is it famous for? An often copied interpretation of the solemn pride of American farmers. It shows a serious-looking man and a woman standing in front of a farmhouse.

Who were the models? His dentist for the man and his sister for the woman.

B. Language points

①American Gothic (para.11)

——of or like a style of building common in Europe between the 12th and the 16th centuries哥特式的（建筑）

e.g. On the other side of the street is a famous Gothic church.

——(of literature) of or like stories in which strange things happen in horrible places恐怖的；怪异的

e.g. Gothic novels usually describe romantic adventures in mysterious or frightening settings.

②Grant Wood rose to fame in 1930 with his painting American Gothic. (para.12)

rise to fame = come to fame 出名

③He was strongly influenced by medieval artists and inspired by the Gothic window of an old farmhouse. (para.12)

inspire:

——give sb. a feeling of wanting and being able to do sth. good, create a work of art, etc. 给…以灵感

e.g. The lake scenery inspired him to write his great poetry

——fill sb. with confidence 鼓舞；激励

e.g. inspire hope / loyalty / enthusiasm in sb; inspire sb. with loyalty

Part 4 (Paras. 15-18):Buffalo Nickel

A. Scan this part and try to find answers to these questions.

1. What do we know about American coins?

2. Why was it produced?

3. Where did Fraser find a model buffalo?

4. What happened to the model buffalo later?

Answers for reference:

What do we know about American coins?

American coins honor prominent figures of the US government but the Buffalo nickel has three actual American Indians as models

Why was it produced? To honor a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier—the destruction of the buffalo herds and the American Indians.

Where did Fraser find a model buffalo? From New York City’s Central Park Zoo.

What happened to the model buffalo later? Two years later, it was sold for ＄100 and killed for meat, a hide ,and a wall decoration made from its horns.

B. Language points

①…honored a pair of connected tragedies from th e settlement of the American frontier.(para.16) frontier:

( Am.E: border) 边境；边界；边疆(注：一般boundary只指相邻的边界)

e.g. Sweden has frontiers with Norway and Finland

②. …famed artist James Earle Fraser went against tradition by using three actual American Indians as models for his creation. (para.17)

go against: be opposite to 与.…..相反，违背

Translate：撒谎是与我的原则相违背的。

Lying goes against my principles.

Part 5(Paras. 19-22): Uncle Sam

A. Scan this part and try to find answers to these questions.

1.What are the two mea nings of “US”?

2. How did Flagg’s portrait of Uncle Sam look like?

3. Retelling: What is the origin of Uncle Sam?

How did the portrait of Uncle Sam come to be known?

Answers for reference:

What are the two meanings of “US”? United States and Uncle Sam.

How did Flagg’s portrait of Uncle Sam look like? A tall man with white hair and a small beard on his chin, a dark blue coat and a tall hat with stars on it—it was a self-portrait of Flagg.

Retelling:

What is the origin of Uncle Sam?

Uncle Sam came from someone who was called Sam Wilson. Sam Wilson joined in American Revolution at an early age and at 23, he started a meatpacking business. During a later war in 1812, he supplied the army with meat stamped “EA-US”, identifying the company (EA) and c ountry of origin (US). Then it was said that US stoo d for “Uncle Sam” and Uncle Sam soon earned his fame as a figure supplying the army.

How did the portrait of Uncle Sam come to be known?

After the war, a character called Uncle Sam became popular in political cartoons, which came from an earlier cartoon character called Brother Jonathan. Then years later it was an American artist, James Montgomery Flagg who created the most enduring portrait of Uncle Sam, a tall man with white hair and a small white beard on his chin, a dark blue coat and a tall hat with stars on it.

B. Language points

①During a later war in 1812, Wilson gained a position inspecting meat for US Army forces. (para.21) inspect:

——look at sth. closely or in great detail 检查

e.g. The customs officer inspected his passport suspiciously.

inspect sb./sth. for sth.

e.g. inspect the crime scene for fingerprints.

——make an official visit to make sure that rules are being obeyed, work is being done properly, etc 视察

Translate：上星期几个政府官员到我们工厂来视察。

Several government officials came to inspect our factory last week.

②….working with a man who had signed a contract with the government to provide meat to the army. (para.21)

contract:

——n. a legal document that states and explains a formal agreement between two different people or groups 合同，契约

e.g. We have signed a contract with the school for the supply of vehicles/to supply vehicles

——v. make a written legal agreement with sb. for a purpose 订合同，订契约

Translate：我们已经与一家公司签订燃料供应的合同。

e.g. We have contracted with an enterprise for the supply of fuel

③After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons, his from evolving from an earlier cartoon character called Brother Jonathan that was popular during the American Revolution. (para.22)

evolve.

v. (cause to) develop gradually (使)演变，变化，发展

e.g. Some people stil l don’t believe that man evolved from monkeys.

④The most enduring portrait of Uncle Sam was Created by artist James Montgomery Flagg in his famous army recruiting posters of World Wars ⅠandⅡ

recruit.

v. persuade sb. to become a new member of an organization, esp. the army招募，征兵

e.g. The students are recruiting new members to the club.

5. Text Structure Analysis (narration according to the time sequence)

1. Ex: Page 105-107Learn to find out the time markers and finish the exercise on P107

2. For the composition lesson: How to write a narration?

3. Sample: The day My Classmate Fell Ill.(after class)

6. Assignments for Section A:

1. Finish the remaining exercises on the textbook

2. Try to find more information about the symbols of America (of course more than five) and then discuss about them next time.

Section B Engelbreit’s the Name, Cute is My Name

1. Reading skills: Figures of Speech

在本篇的阅读技巧训练里, 我们主要是体会文章中的词句的言外之意，也就是引申意义或比喻意义。

答案提示：

1. crushed

To crush is to press something so hard that it is broken.

Here it means the harsh words from publishers made her heart broken.

2. a come-down from her high expectations

To come down is to move downward and lower.

Here it means drawing greeting cards was a fall in her life’s goal.

3. boasts

The car is personified. A car cannot boast; only the creator of the card boasts.

4. acid

Acid means have a sour or bitter taste.

If a person has an acid tongue, she or he is very critical of others or other things.

5. trademark

A trademark is a special name, sign, word, marked on a product.

Here it means being cute is Mary’s distinctive characteristic.

6. the core of Engelbreit’s life

A core is the central part of a certain fruit.

A core of one’s life means the important part of one’s life.

7. feet are planted firmly on the ground

When one puts his or her feet firmly on the ground, he or she is down-to-earth.

In other words, he or she is very realistic or practical.

8. taking off

To take off is to leave the ground and begin to fly.

Here it means her work began to be successful.

2. Ask students to finish reading Text B in ten minutes and doing exercises on Page 117

3. Structure of the Text

Part I (Para. 1-5) The author introduces us Mary Engelbreit, her company and her cards

Part II (Para. 6-11) The author tells us how Mary Engelbreit realized her American dream

Part III (Para. 12-13) Mary Engelbreit takes down-to-earth attitude towards her life, and she eventually realized her dream of illustrating a children’s book.

本文的主要线索是主人公Engelbreit是如何实现她的美国梦的。

浏览课文的第六段到第十一段，通过简单的时间和事情搭配的练习，大致了解主人公Engelbreit 实现美国梦的过程（可以先让学生用很短的时间浏览这部分，然后让他们不看书做这个简单的练习）。

How did Engelbreit realized her American dream? （Para.6－11）

A.impressed with illustrations from the

children’s books

B.sold hand-drawn cards to a local shop

C.married

D.worked for greeting-card companies

E.started her own company

F.worked in an art-supply shop and later as a

designer

G.licensed the copyright to the cards

H.started drawing 1.from age four

2.as soon as she could hold a pencil

3.while she attended secondary school

4.two years after she met Phil Delano

5.after that ill-fated trip to New York

6.while she was eight months pregnant

7.after graduate

8.three years after she started her company

4. Background information

American Dream

“…To someone lik e me who came here with absolutely NOTHING and gained absolutely EVERYTHING. It is not fanciful to see this state as a Golden Dream.

For millions of people around the world, California has ALWAYS glimmered with hope and glowed with opportunity. Millions of people around the world send their dreams to California with the hope their lives will follow. “

――remarks from Schwarzenegger when he was sworn in as the Governor of California What is the American Dream?

The term was first used by James Truslow Adams in his book The Epic of America which was written in 1931. He states: "The American Dream is "that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. It is a difficult dream for the European upper classes to interpret adequately, and too many of us ourselves have grown weary and mistrustful of it. It is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position."

In the United States’ Declaration of Independence, our founding fathers: "…held certain truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness." Might this sentiment be considered the foundation of the American Dream?

It is a phrase connoting hope for prosperity and happiness, symbolized particularly by having a house of one's own. Possibly applied at first to the hopes of immigrants, the phrase now applies to all except the very rich and suggests a confident hope that one's children's economic and social condition will be better than one's own.

It's thought to be achievable by "hard work, courage, and determination", or by "getting rich quick”. The concept often involves moving upward in the social classes, and may involve icons such as car, house, partner and pet.

The concept of American dream is thought to have inspired immigrants interested in visiting the United States. Throughout its history, the United States has been seen as an entrepreneurship-friendly because of the vast natural resources and often minimal law enforcement.

Criticism

The concept of the American Dream has been the subject of much criticism by many. The main criticism is that the American Dream is misleading. These critics say that, for various reasons, it simply is not possible for everyone to become prosperous through determination and hard work alone. The consequences of this belief can include the poor feeling that it is their fault that they are not successful. It can also result in less effort towards helping the poor since their poverty is seen as "proof" of their laziness. The concept of the American Dream also ignores other factors of success such as luck, family, language, and wealth one is born into (although proponents of the dream would claim that starting wealth is irrelevant because of the belief that there is no level of poverty one cannot rise from with hard work). It also fails to take inheritable traits such as intelligence and physical attributes into account.

美国梦是一个被众多美国人普遍信仰的信念。机会均等是美国梦的灵魂。聪明、勤奋与坚忍不拔是美国梦的必要条件，而幅度巨大的社会阶级纵向流动，尤其是由下层阶级至上层阶级的社会流动是美国梦表现出来的最为显著特征。

虽然美国人深为其自由平等为底蕴的“美国梦”而自豪，只有上届总统克林顿是美国为数不多的几位平民总统之一。他从社会底层依靠自己的实力一路奋斗而上，其成功是典型的美国梦的代表。

400年前，一群理想主义的清教徒们离开了继承和世袭制度盛行的欧洲大陆，将自己放逐到了美利坚。从建国一开始，美国人就相信机会的平等是他们的国家与欧洲旧大陆的不同之处。

在1865年至1900的流金岁月时代，由于商业，重工业，铁路以及重商主义经济政治学的发展，一些身无分文的美国人在一夜之间因为金矿油田的开采而跻身于富翁一族，而一大批成功的经济人士后来又相继改头换面，转行成了政界要员。

人们称这些人为泥腿子贵族。美国巨富洛克菲勒与卡耐基就是这样白手起家的典型。霍雷肖·艾吉尔是美国流金岁月时代的代表作家，描写了很多出身穷苦，最后依靠自己的努力奋斗而发家致富，实现美国梦的人物形象。人们将之称为“霍雷肖·艾吉尔式”神话。

时至今日，众多的美国人仍然一厢情愿地把自己的国家想象成鼓励社会等级纵向流动的化身与代言人，相信一个人可以凭个人能力，而不是家族关系而取得成功，即使是妇女与黑人也不例外。

实际上，美国社会现实总在背离美国人的理想。美国的建国之父们首先就不承认妇女与黑人是他们“美国梦”的一部分。自从美国梦到达鼎盛的流金岁月时代起，美国收入方面的不平等就达到了不可遏制的地步。由贫富分化，以及由贫富分化产生的机会不均等就开始愈演愈烈。

美国梦的第一批实现者，第一代白手起家的“泥腿子”贵族们将他们的儿子送进昂贵的私立学校，让他们和真正的传统世袭贵族的女儿结婚，最好是从古老的欧洲大陆“进口”的贵族新娘。国家政治落入了一小部分封闭的团体里。在同一届议会里工作的议员下班以后会是同一个百万富翁俱乐部的成员。

时至今日，在一个每一个孩子都可以梦想成为总统的国家里，实际上在形成这样内部封闭式繁殖的政治精英。美国的政治精英们已经掌握了足够的技巧以让自己的阶级复制永存下去，这些技巧包括“贵族”纽带的相互连接和加强，社交圈子的交叉，对外界的排斥以及与其他阶层经济差距的不断扩大。

下层的普通人越来越难以参与到上层政治社会，美国的精英们正在想方设法地让自己与其他劳动阶级区别开来，以便保持自己对这个国家政治经济文化的牢牢控制。美国梦正在患有致命痼疾，而美国整个社会正在感染日益严重的“纵向流动硬化症”，这在政治方面表现得最为明显。在过去的几十年中，美国社会的不平等性在收入方面也愈演愈烈。华盛顿智库经济政策学院的统计表明，在1979至2000年间，社会最底层20%的家庭收入只增长了6.4%，而最上层20%的家庭收入却增长了70%，最上层1%的家庭收入增长了184%，最顶尖的0.1%或0.01%增长得更快。在1979年，美国社会最上层1%的收入是最底层20%家庭的133倍，到了2000年，这个比例上升到了189倍。

30年前，全美前100名高级企业主管的平均年收入是130万美元，是普通雇员的平均收入的39倍，但在今天，前100名高级企业主管平均每年要将3750万美金收进腰包，这个数字比他们自己的雇员高出1000倍。

经济政策学院指出，美国的社会流动性从20世纪70年代以来就在不断下降，，只有12%的人口从社会的底层(收入最低的20%)上升到最上层(收入最高的的5%)。

5. Language points

Part I (Para. 1-5)

①So she was disappointed when all the book publishers she visited turned her down. (line 3-4)

turn（sb./ sth.）down phrasal verb [M]

to refuse an offer or request

e.g. ①he turned down the job because it involved too much traveling.

②He offered her a trip to Australia but she turned him down.

②Today Mary Engelbreit sells an astonishing 14 million greeting cards a year.(line 8)

astonish verb [T] 使……惊讶

If something or someone astonishes you, they surprise you very much

e.g. She astonished everyone by announcing her engagement.

联想：由astonish派生的形容词astonished, astonishing也很常用（至于astonished 和astonishing 的区别，就不细讲了）。

近义词：surprise, amaze, startle, shock

这几个近义词的用法和astonish很相似，它们都常用在这样的一些句型中：

Sth. / Sb. surprises/ amazes/ startle / shocks sb.

It surprises/ amazes/ startle / shocks sb. tha t…

It surprise / amazes/ startle / shocks sb. to d o…

What surprises / amazes/ startle / shocks sb. i s…

它们派生形容词的方式和astonish也很相似：

astonish～astonished～astonishing

surprise～surprised～surprising

amaze～amazed～amazing

startle～startled～startling

shock～shocked～shocking

③It’s probably no accident that one of Engelbreit’s bolder cards shows a young girl in

overalls,…(line 13)

bold adjective

用法很简单，只需简要介绍一下这个单词最常用的意思

1) 无畏的，大胆的fearless and daring

e.g. The little boy was bold enough to walk in the dark street.

2) 清晰的，醒目的clear and distinct

3) in bold type/print 用粗体字

④...you can recognize her cards from 20 paces away—bright, funny, and with an eye to the past. (line 17)

with an eye to

注意，此短语非短语动词，虽然中文翻译为“关注”，但在句子中不能直接作谓语。

e.g. He bought the cottage with an eye to retiring there.

⑤Her cards usually have elaborate border designs comprised of repeated images:… (line 18) comprise (formal) （部分）组成（整体）

If you say that something comprises or is comprised of a number of things or people, you mean it has them as its parts or members

常用结构：be comprised of（整体）由……（部分）组成

e.g. The class is comprised mainly of Italian and French students.

近义词或词组：compose；consis t；constitute；be made up of

注意它们的用法：

compose：be composed of（整体）由……（部分）组成

consis t：consist of （整体）由……（部分）组成

constitut e：（部分）组成（整体）

be made up of（整体）由……（部分）组成

⑥Her business card once featured a drawing of Ann Estelle…(line 23-24)

feature既可以作名词也可以作动词。下面把它常用的几个意思简单介绍一下：

作名词：①特色，特征 a prominent aspect of something

②相貌，面貌the characteristic parts of a person’s face

③故事片the principal film in a program at a movie theate r

④专题报道，特写 a special or prominent article in a newspaper or magazine

作动词：(slightly formal)

以……为特征，为特色have as a feature

e.g. This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France.

注意：feature有时易与figure弄混淆，所以简单讲讲figure的用法。

figure既可以作名词也可以作动词。下面把它常用的几个意思简单介绍一下

作名词：①图表 a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

②体形，外形the shape of the human body

③数字digit

④名人，人物 a well-known or notable person

⑤金额，价格 a amount of money expressed numerically

作动词：猜想，估计calculate, estimate, reckon

Part II (Para. 6-11)

①I can’t express my gratitude for his support. (line 45)

gratitude 感激，感谢

联想：altitude 海拔，高度

attitude 态度

solitude 孤独，独居

②Children, pets, even “good old Moon” started showing up on her cards. (line 50-51)

show up phrasal verb, informal

to arrive somewhere in order to join a group of people, especially late or unexpectedly

e.g. We were expecting thirty people to come, but half of them never show up.

Part III (Para. 12-13)

①Despite her success, Engelbreit’s feet are planted firmly on the ground. (line 59)

have one’s feet on the ground idiom

have a sensible or realistic attitude to life

e.g. He is always talking about his big plans to be a great actor. You should tell him to keep his feet on the ground.

②With her work taking off in so many directions,…(line 63)

take off phrasal verb

to suddenly start to be successful or popular

e.g. her singing career has just begun to take of

f.

③单词的派生

单词加上后缀，一般单词的意思不改变或者略有变化，所以我们在学习生词的时候。顺带学习一下这些生词的常用的派生词，可以帮助我们轻而易举扩大词汇量。（粗体字单词为本课生词）literature～literary

influence～influentia l

commerce～commercial

myth～mythical

distinct～distinctive～distinction

imagine～imaginary～imagination

decorate～decoration

distribute～distribution

illustrate～illustration

6. Open questions

1.Nowadays “cute” is becoming a popular word. People often say sb. is cute or sth. is cute. Can you

give a definition of the word cute? Do you think Engelbreit is a cute woman?

2.In your opinion what are prominent factors which would contribute to realizing your dream?

3.The text tells us a story of how an ordinary woman realized her American dream. But, for us, how

about a Chinese dream? Do you have a Chinese dream?

Section C Life in Low-Grade Terror

1.Ask the students to read Section C within 10 minutes and finish doing exercises on Page 119

2.Check on the answers.

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Unit 4 Taste the sweets and bitters of family life Done with this task. Your current score: 93% Unit 4 test Next Part I Script Directions: Listen to the short dialogs, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers. 1.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.) A. They are taking photos. B. They are barbecuing. C. They are playing with the woman's sister. D. They are looking at photos. 2.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.) A. The man's mom will always scold him when he and his brother fight. B. The man's mom will always scold his brother when they fight. C. The woman's sister is very naughty. D. The woman sometimes fights with her little sister.

新视野大学英语4 读写 英语考试重点

翻译 Unit1 第7段 Curiously enough, it is those who fail that reap the greatest reward: freedom!They enjoy the freedom to express themselves in unique and original ways without fear of losing the support of fans.Failed artists may find comfort in knowing that many great artists never found fame until well after they had passed away or in knowing that they did not sell out.They may justify their failure by convincing themselves their genius is too sophisticated for contemporary audiences. 奇怪的是，收获最大的恰恰是失败者。他们收获了自由！他们可以自由地表达，独辟蹊径，不落窠臼，不用担心失去崇拜者的支持。失败的艺术家寻求安慰时，可以想想许多伟大的艺术家都是过世多年以后才成名，或是他们没有出卖自己。他们也可以为自己的失败辩解：自己的才华实在过于高深，不是当代听众或观众所理解得了的。 第9段 I say to those who desperately seek fame and fortune: good luck.But alas, you may find that it was not what you wanted.The dog who catches his tail discovers that it is only a tail.The person who achieves success often discovers that it does more harm than good.So instead of trying so hard to achieve success, try to be happy with who you are and what you do.Try to do work that you can be proud of.Maybe you won't be famous in your own lifetime, but you may create better art. 对那些孤注一掷的追名逐利之徒，我要说：祝你们好运。但是，遗憾的是，你会发现这不是你想得到的。狗自逐其尾所得到的只是一条尾巴而已。获得成功的人常常发现成功对他来说弊大于利。所以要为真实的你、为自己的所为感到高兴，而不是拼命去获得成功。做那些你为之感到骄傲的事情。可能在有生之年你默默无闻，但你可能创作了更好的艺术. Unit5 Loneliness may be a sort of national disease here, and it's more embarrassing for us to admit than any other sin.On the other hand, to be alone on purpose, having rejected company rather than been cast out by it, is one characteristic of an American hero.The solitary hunter or explorer needs no one as they venture out among the deer and wolves to tame the great wild areas.Thoreau, alone in his cabin on the pond, his back deliberately turned to the town. Now, that's character for you. 孤独或许是这里的一种民族弊病，我们羞于承认它，甚于其他任何罪恶。而另一方面，刻意选择独处，拒绝别人的陪伴而非为同伴所弃，却是美国式英雄的一个特点。孤独的猎人或探险者去鹿群和狼群中冒险，征服广袤的荒野时，并不需要有人陪伴。梭罗独居在湖畔的小屋，有意疏离城市生活。现在，你应有这样的个性。 十五选十 unit7 1. advanced 2. survive

新视野大学英语读写第三版第三册原文及翻译

Never, ever give up! 1 As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide. 英国首相温斯顿·丘吉尔小时候就读于一所名为哈罗的公立学校。他不是一个好学生，如果他不是来自一个有名的家庭，他可能会因为背离校规而被开除出学校。谢天谢地，他在哈罗大学毕业了，他的错误并没有妨碍他继续上大学。他最终有了一个陆军总理的职业生涯，后来他被选为首相。他以机智、智慧、公民责任和在二战黑暗的日子里拒绝投降的勇气而出名。他惊人的决心有助于激励他的整个国家，也是全世界的灵感来源。 2 Toward the end of his period as prime minister, he was invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow. The headmaster said, "Young gentlemen, the greatest speaker of our time, will be here in a few days to address you, and you should obey whatever sound advice he may give you." The great day arrived. Sir Winston stood up, all five feet, five inches and 107 kilos of him, and gave this short, clear-cut speech: "Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never!" 在他担任总理的时期即将结束之际，他被邀请在他的旧学校哈罗向爱国青年发表演讲。校长说：“年轻的先生们，我们这个时代最伟大的演讲者，几天后将到这里向你们讲话，你们应该听从他给你们的任何合理建议。”伟大的一天到来了。温斯顿爵士站了起来，他身高五英尺五英寸，体重107公斤，简短而清晰地说：“年轻人，永不放弃。永不放弃！永不放弃！从不，从不，从不，从不！” 3 Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas —none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult. Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. Both faced immense obstacles and extreme criticism. Both were called "slow to learn" and written off as idiots by their teachers. Thomas Edison ran away from school because his teacher whipped him repeatedly for asking too many questions. Einstein didn't speak fluently until he was almost nine years old and was such a poor student that some thought he was unable to learn. Yet both boys' parents believed in them. They worked intensely each day with their sons, and the boys learned to never bypass the long hours of hard work that they needed to succeed. In the end, both Einstein and Edison overcame their childhood persecution and went on to achieve magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today. 个人历史、教育机会、个人困境——这些都不能抑制致力于成功的坚强精神。没有任务太难。准备的时间不要太长或太难。以我们这个时代最有学术价值的两位科学家为例，阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和托马斯·爱迪生。双方都面临巨大的障碍和极端的批评。两人都被老师称为“学习慢”，并被他们的老师当作白痴注销。托马斯·爱迪生逃学是因为他的老师因为问太多问题而不断鞭打他。爱因斯坦直到九岁时才说得流利，他是一个很穷的学生，有些人认为他无法学习。然而，两个男孩的父母都相信他们。他们每天都和儿子们一起努力工作，孩子们学会了永远不要绕开他们要成功所需的长时间辛勤工作。最后，爱因斯坦和爱迪生都克服了童年时代的迫害，继续取得了有利于当今世界的伟大发现。