现在分词作状语及习题
现在分词作状语
一、现在分词具有形容词和副词特征，用作副词时，充当时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、方式以及让步状语。
1. 作时间状语，可改为时间状语从句，分词前可加while或when等连词。
When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. =When we compare different cultures… (06全国)
2. 作条件状语，可改为条件状语从句，分词前可加once, until, if等连词。
Turning to the right, you will find the path leading to the park. =If you turn to the left …
3. 作原因状语，可改为原因状语从句。
Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing the exam. =Because/ As he had been ill in bed… (04福建)
4. 作结果状语，可改为which引导非限制性定语从句，分词前可加thus，加强语气。
Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, reaching a record $57.65 a barrel on April. =…, which reach a record $57.65 a barrel on April. (05山东)
5. 作让步状语，可改为让步状语从句，分词前可加although, though, even if, even though等连接词。
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. = Though his parents lack money, they … (02上海)
6. 作伴随状语，相当于and连接并列谓语。
About one-six undergraduates in Beijing this year are willing to spend as much as 2,6oo Yuan on driving courses, seeing it as an investment in their future.
= …, and see it as an investment in their future.
“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, running away =…and ran away (05全国)
7. 作方式状语。Jack came here, running.
二、现在分词的时态以及否定形式
分词的动作与谓语同时发生用一般式，可转化为on+动名词或when/while引导的时间状语从句，从句根据语境用一般过去时或过去进行时；分词动作先于谓语动词用完成式，可转化为after+动名词的一般式或after /when引导的时间状语从句，从句中用完成式；现在分词的否定式：not+分词构成。
Hearing his father’s voice, the boy turned off the TV set at once.
= On hearing his father’s voice…或When the boy heard father’s voice, he…
Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （04北京）
=After waiting in the queue…或When Tom had waited in the queue for half an hour, he…
三、现在分词的逻辑主语及独立结构
分词作状语，逻辑主语与句子主语一致；如不一致时，分词带上自己的逻辑主语，形成独立主格结构。
误：While watching television, the doorbell rang. (05全国)
正：While watching television, we heard the doorbell ring. (05全国)
误：Being sunny, we went on a spring outing.
正：It being sunny, we went on a spring outing.
四、掌握以下区别
1. 首动词的用法区别
动词不定式作目的状语，句①；过去分词短语作状语，表被动、完成，句②；祈使句+and/or+简单句，句③；现在分词作状语，表主动，其完成式表动作先于谓语发生，句④；动名词作主语，句⑤。
①To find out more about university courses, call(920)746-3789 (05浙江)
②Mailed out automatically, the e-mail will be received by all the club remembers.（06上海）
③Go straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it.（2004 湖北）
④Having suffered from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.（2000上海）
⑤Being exposed to sunlight for too much tim e will do harm to one’s skin. (02上海)
2. 不定式与分词作结果状语区别
European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sports in the world.一种因果关系。(NMET98)
He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 一种出乎意料结果。(05广东)
3. 分词短语作状语与从句区别
误：Not having found a proper partner, so he gave up the double act.
正：Not having found a proper partner, he gave up the double act.
正：He had not found a proper partner, so he gave up the double act.
五、注意一些特殊用法
judging by从……来判断；generally/frankly/strictly/honestly speaking通常地讲，坦白地说，严格地讲，诚实地说；considering考虑到，就……而言，鉴于；supposing假定，假设，设想；seeing that鉴于，由于，因为；given that考虑到；provided/providing that如果，假如……的情况下；to begin with起初、开始，首先、第一；to make things worse使事情更糟糕等
【创新试题】：
1. Companies turn to the public, ______ people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits.
A. invite
B. to invite
C. inviting
D. having invited
2. I ran to the horse, ______how to pet it, just _____ the most beautiful creature.
A. not even knowing；excited to see
B. didn’t even know；excited to see
C. not even knowing；exciting to see
D. not even known；excited seeing
3. Just after a meeting of officials of world powers, Iraq and neighboring states, suicide bombers killed 29 people in Baghdad on Sunday, _____ the present situation more serious.
A. made
B. making
C. having made
D. to make
4. The first 10 copies of the books you subscribed in advance are being delivered to you, the rest_____ in a few days.
A. follows
B. to follow
C. will follow
D. being followed
5. ______ in the forest for a few days, the students, luckily enough, were met by the local villagers.
A. Lost
B. Losing
C. Being lost
D. Having lost
6. When______ a certain person, we’d better pay attention not only to hi s weaknesses but also to his strengths.
A. evaluated
B. being evaluated
C. evaluating
D. having evaluated
7. As the cartoon film began, these school children watched ______.
A. fascinated
B. fascinating
C. being fascinated
D. having fascinated
8. Before outing, we get well prepared. ______, we are informed of safety tips. Then we take necessary things in case we are cold, hungry, thirsty or in danger.
A. Beginning with
B. Having begun with
C. To begin with
D. Begin with
9. I looked through the questions, ______ that though they were much more difficult than expected, much to my relief, some of them seemed to have been done before.
A. noted
B. to note
C. noting
D. having noted
10. He’s been sitting there for more than an hour, not m aking any trouble _____ anything either.
A. and not order
B. but not to order
C. but not ordering
D. and didn’t order
11. My weekly plan, which made me almost mad, _____ me extremely _____.
A. left；tired
B. left；tiring
C. leaving；tired
D. leaving；tiring
12. Mr. Smiths offered us a lift when he was leaving the school, but our exercises _______, we refused the offer.
A. wasn’t finished
B. hadn’t been finished
C. not having finished
D. not being finished
13. ______ by her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.
A. Judging
B. Judged
C. To be judged
D. Having been judged
14. While striving to keep the economy growing, ________.
A. measures must be taken to save energy and cut pollution in China
B. China will do more to save energy and cut pollution in 2007
C. Monday's annual report indicates steps must be taken to save energy and cut pollution
D. as Monday's annual report shows, energy must be saved and pollution must be cut in China
15. —What will Andrew be doing in the fall.
—______ chemistry at a high school.
A. Teach
B. To teach
C. Teaching
D. Teaches
16. The dog, ______, will make a good working dog, _____as eyes, ears, or even arms and legs of the disabled.
A. properly to train；serving
B. trained properly；serving
C. training properly；to serve
D. to be trained properly；serving
17. —Can the project be finished as planned?
—Sure, ______ it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.
A. having got
B. to get
C. getting
D. get
18. _______, we’ll go on a spring out ing and get relaxed.
A. Time permitted
B. Time permitting
C. Time permits
D. If time will permit
19. The whole day Joan stayed at home, washing and cleaning. Unfortunately, ______ the window, her fingers were badly cut.
A. to clean
B. having cleaned
C. while cleaning
D. while she was cleaning
20. ______ a night in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.
A. spending
B. Having spent
C. spent
D. to spent
【答案解析】：
1. 答案：C。现在分词用作伴随状语。
2. 答案：A。第一空现在分词用作状语，第二空过去分词作状语表示状态。
3. 答案：B。现在分词用作结果状语。
4. 答案：B。剩下书籍接着邮来，不定式表示动作将发生。
5. 答案：A。be lost in…迷路的，沉浸于……，过去分词短语作状语。
6. 答案：C。“when or while+现在分词”作状语，也可理解为省略句，它相当于一个时间状语从句：When we evaluate a certain person, we’d better…
7. 答案：A。分词作状语表示一种状态，主语是人所以用过去分词。
8. 答案：C。To begin with固定用法,“起初，开始；首先，第一”。
9. 答案：C。现在分词充当伴随状语。
10. 答案：C。并列结构，D项也不合乎句意。
11. 答案：A。第一空为谓语动词，第二空过去分词作宾补。
12. 答案：D。分词的独立结构作but引起的转折分句作原因状语，而非表示原因的句子。
13. 答案：A。judging by, to judge from固定用法，“从……来判断”。
14. 答案：B。striving to keep the economy growing的逻辑主语是China.
15. 答案：C。可以看作是He will be teaching at a high school的省略句。
16. 答案：B。第一空过去分词作表被动，第二空现在分词作状语表示主动。
17. 答案：B。动词不定式作目的状语。
18. 答案：B。分词的复合结构作状语。
19. 答案：D。while引导的时间状语从句，句子的主语the window不是分词cleaning逻辑主语，所以不能选择C项。
20. 答案：B。现在分词的完成时作时间状语，如果现在分词所表示动作先于谓语动词的动作时，现在分词用完成式。
现在分词作状语及习题
现在分词作状语 一、现在分词具有形容词和副词特征，用作副词时，充当时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、方式以及让步状语。 1. 作时间状语，可改为时间状语从句，分词前可加while或when等连词。 When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. =When we compare different cultures… (06全国) 2. 作条件状语，可改为条件状语从句，分词前可加once, until, if等连词。 Turning to the right, you will find the path leading to the park. =If you turn to the left … 3. 作原因状语，可改为原因状语从句。 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing the exam. =Because/ As he had been ill in bed… (04福建) 4. 作结果状语，可改为which引导非限制性定语从句，分词前可加thus，加强语气。 Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, reaching a record $57.65 a barrel on April. =…, which reach a record $57.65 a barrel on April. (05山东) 5. 作让步状语，可改为让步状语从句，分词前可加although, though, even if, even though等连接词。 Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. = Though his parents lack money, they … (02上海) 6. 作伴随状语，相当于and连接并列谓语。 About one-six undergraduates in Beijing this year are willing to spend as much as 2,6oo Yuan on driving courses, seeing it as an investment in their future. = …, and see it as an investment in their future. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, running away =…and ran away (05全国) 7. 作方式状语。Jack came here, running. 二、现在分词的时态以及否定形式 分词的动作与谓语同时发生用一般式，可转化为on+动名词或when/while引导的时间状语从句，从句根据语境用一般过去时或过去进行时；分词动作先于谓语动词用完成式，可转化为after+动名词的一般式或after /when引导的时间状语从句，从句中用完成式；现在分词的否定式：not+分词构成。 Hearing his father’s voice, the boy turned off the TV set at once. = On hearing his father’s voice…或When the boy heard father’s voice, he… Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （04北京） =After waiting in the queue…或When Tom had waited in the queue for half an hour, he… 三、现在分词的逻辑主语及独立结构 分词作状语，逻辑主语与句子主语一致；如不一致时，分词带上自己的逻辑主语，形成独立主格结构。 误：While watching television, the doorbell rang. (05全国) 正：While watching television, we heard the doorbell ring. (05全国) 误：Being sunny, we went on a spring outing. 正：It being sunny, we went on a spring outing. 四、掌握以下区别 1. 首动词的用法区别
现在分词讲解及训练
现在分词 Form: ?doing ?having done（先后关系） 现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。 Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词，并指出它在句中做何成分。 1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting. 2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 3. Having finished his homework, he went out. 4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward. 5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing. 现在分词做定语： Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences 1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office. They had some overseas working experience. 2. The people take part in a variety of exercise They can keep healthy. 3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds. The seeds help farmers grow better crops. 4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward. These people live in cities. 5.Do you know the boy? He is standing under the tree. 6. The spiders store the mice for later. The mice serve as a source of food. Exercise: compare The swimming pool is clean and big. The swimming boy is his brother. The big writing desk is very expensive. The writing student is Tom’s classmate. 现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果 Exercise: rewrite the sentences 1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy. 2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool. 3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand. 4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football. 以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。 现在分词作状语：相当于状语从句，但从句和主句的____语必须一致. 时间状语： 1. Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式） 2. Having read the letter, she got very excited（完成式） 3. ________hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 4. = as soon as _________________________________________. 5. Be careful when crossing the street. 条件状语： 1.If you walk hard, you will succeed. 2. = _______________________________ 伴随方式状语 1. She came _______(run) towards me. 2. The children ran out of the room, __________(laugh) and _______(talk) merrily. 3. ____________(travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities. 4. ____________(follow) the guide, they started to climb. 5. _____________(follow) by the students, the teacher entered the office. 原因状语 1. Because I was sick, I stayed at home.
现在分词作状语详解
教学目标：讲解现在分词作状语及区分不定式、现在分词作状语的异同 重点难点： 1.现在分词和不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 2.分词作状语时，要看它同句子主语之间的关系，以确定是现在分词还是过去分词。 3.注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定分词的时态形式 4、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式. 5. 连词+分词形式（分词作状语的省略问题） 6.不定式作结果状语和现在分词作结果状语的区别。 7. 现在分词的独立主格结构和评价性状语 Step 1 lead in 朗读下面一首唐诗，找出其中的现在分词形式 Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思 Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光 So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜 Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月 Lowering my head, I dream tha t I’m home. 低头思故乡 Step2 现在分词作状语的意义 动词的现在分词作状语，修饰动词，相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况及独立成分等，作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。 一. -ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句(引导词有when ,while ) 温馨提示： 1．现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when, while引出。 2．现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时。如： When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood. =Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。 As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy. =（0n）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 他一听到这个好消息，就高兴地跳起来。 二．-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。(引导词有because ,as ,since) 如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday =Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。(引导词有if,unless,once) If you work hard, you will succeed. =Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.
现在分词作状语的分类(伴随、让步、条件、时间等等)资料讲解
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现在分词做状语
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现在分词与动词不定式做结果状语的区别(by 曹霞) 请看下面这道高考题： (NMET1998) European football is played in 80 countries, _____it the most popular sports in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make 1. He got home to learn that his father was ill. 有时为了强调，可以在不定式短语前加only。 2. Tom got to the station only to find the train had gone. 3. Marry hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital. 4. .I rushed to the station in a hurry, only to find the train already gone. 5. They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. 他们搬起石头却砸了自己的脚。 6. I ran to the school, only to be informed that I wasn't admitted by Beijing University. 7. He survived the crash only to die in the desert. 从上例可知，不定式做结果状语通常表示的是一个未曾料到的不愉快的结果。 7. His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 8. It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. 9. He cut off the electricity quickly, preventing an accident. 10. He watered the flowers in the garden more often, only making things worse. 11. The child fell，__________ (strike) his head against the door and cutting it． 12：Her husband died in 1942, ___________ (leave) her with five children. 13. The bus was held up by snowstorm, thus ____________（ｃａｕｓｅ）the delay. 14. He was caught in the rain, thus __________ (make) himself catch cold. 15. After the meeting, they parted company, never to see each other. 从上面四个例句中我们可以看得出来，作为结果状语的现在分词短语所表示的都是谓语动词的直接结果，是意料中的结果。分词短语前有时可加上副词thus或thereby（因而、因此）。 (only) to do→出乎意料干某事 总结(thus / thereby) doing →顺理成章干某事
现在分词短语作伴随状语
其实分词做伴随状语就是分词做方式状语的一种，伴随是一种方式。大多情况下其实方式状语从句都等于伴随状语从句。只有在just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体 分词短语作伴随状语 伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的 1）现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。 现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。 1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。 ）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。 比如 The teacher came in the classroom with handing a book in his hand. with handing就是个例子 过去分词，现在分词都可以做伴随状语,即在某件事情发生的时候相伴发生的事情这个句子老师进入了教室，他是拿着本书进入教室的，在他进入教室的时候他的手中有一本书（相伴）知道意思了吧。 做题的时候要注意区分什么时候使用过去分词和什么时候使用现在分词做伴随状语。一般的无非又几种情况： 1，过去分词表示一种完成了的或者是被动意义的动作 分词作状语（关键找逻辑主语） a)放在句首的分词往往看作时间状语1以及原因状语2 1. Looking (when I looked) at the picture, I couldn't help missing my middle school days. 2.Seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. =As he was seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. b)放在句中或句末常常看作为伴随状态(并列句) The girl was left alone in the room，weeping（crying ）bitterly. (但注意特殊：Generally/frankly speaking... / taken as a whole(总的来讲）不考虑逻辑主语，看作为独立成分)
分词作状语用法
分词作状语用法就是所有分词用法中最重要的,也就是最难掌握的。 分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。 一、现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语,表主动、进行,相当于一个状语从句,根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life、 Being ill, she can't go to work today、 The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping、 1、He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information、 A、hoped B、hoping C、to hope D、hope 2、Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods、 A、seizing; disappeared B、seized; disappeared C、seizing; disappearing D、seized; disappearing 二、现在分词的时态语态 1、现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成,其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。 例如:The students standing there are from Class Three、 The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October、 2、现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成,其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。 例如:Having finished all the work, they had a good rest、 Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down、 Given more time, we will finish the work in time、 3、现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”,被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”,其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。 例如:Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying、 Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity、 1、_______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes、 A、Suffered B、Suffering C、Having suffered D、Being suffered 2、Finding her car stolen, _______、 A、a policeman was asked to help B、the area was searched thoroughly C、it was looked for everywhere D、she hurried to a policeman for help 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词只有一种形式,即done,表被动。 The mother came in, followed by her son、 When heated,water will be turned into steam、 Deeply moved by the film, we all cried、 Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling、 1._____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city、 A、To see B、Seen C、Seeing D、See 2、_____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated、 A、being founded B、Founded C、It was founded D、Founding 三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别 1、分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。
通过高考题精讲现在分词作结果状语
通过高考题精讲现在分词作结果状语 简单句，v-ing………..（摆在后面） 一般表示顺其自然的结果。 (2012天津) 11. He got up late and hurried to his office, _________the breakfast untouched. A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left 解析：本题选择C. 本题考查现在分词作结果状语。 本句可改为并列结构： He got up late and hurried to his office, and it left the breakfast untouched. 语态上看：it left 是主动。 时态上看：是一般式，所以用leaving。 不定式往往是出乎意料的结果，本题是合乎逻辑自然的结果。句意：他起得迟，又急冲冲赶到办公室，结果早饭动都没动。
(2010天津)12. It rained heavily in the south, serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 解析：本题选择C. 本题考查现在分词作结果状语。 本句可改为并列结构： It rained heavily in the south, so it caused serious flooding in several provinces. 语态上看：it caused 是主动。 时态上看：是一般式，所以用causing。 不定式往往是出乎意料的结果，本题是合乎逻辑自然的结果。句意：南方雨下的很大，结果造成很多省份出现严重洪灾。
现在分词和过去分词做伴随状语的句式
现在分词和过去分词做伴随状语的句式Oct 11, 2020 “Sb do, doing / done.” 说明: 该句式，逗号之前是主句，逗号之后是现在分词和过去分词做伴随状语。也就是，分词的动作和主句谓语的动作同时发生。现在分词doing 和主句的主语，在逻辑上是主动关系。过去分词done 和主句主语，在逻辑上是被动关系。例如： 1.The bell rang, announcing the end of the class. 铃声响了，宣布课堂结束。 2.He lay still, catching his breath. 他静静地躺着，呼吸困难。 3.Father sat in the chair, watching TV. 爸爸坐在椅子上，看电视。 4.Mother was in the kitchen, cooking for the whole family. 妈妈在厨房，为全家人做饭。 (说明：1-4句，是现在分词做伴随状语。) 5.The teacher came into the classroom , followed by his students. 老师进来了，同学们跟在身后。 6.The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. 老师站在那里，被同学们包围着。 7.Richard Jones returned home, exhausted. 他回到家，精疲力尽。 8.I watched the moving model of the machine, absorbed by its efficiency. 我观察着这台运行的机器，被它的高效率吸引住了。 (说明：5-8句，是过去分词做伴随状语。）
现在分词短语作伴随状语
创作编号： GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者：凤呜大王* 其实分词做伴随状语就是分词做方式状语的一种，伴随是一种方式。大多情况下其实方式状语从句都等于伴随状语从句。只有在just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体 分词短语作伴随状语 伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的 1）现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。 现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。 1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。 ）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。 比如 The teacher came in the classroom with handing a book in his hand. with handing就是个例子 过去分词，现在分词都可以做伴随状语,即在某件事情发生的时候相伴发生的事情这个句子老师进入了教室，他是拿着本书进入教室的，在他进入教室的时候他的手中有一本书（相伴）知道意思了吧。 做题的时候要注意区分什么时候使用过去分词和什么时候使用现在分词做伴随状语。一般的无非又几种情况： 1，过去分词表示一种完成了的或者是被动意义的动作
分词作状语（关键找逻辑主语） a)放在句首的分词往往看作时间状语1以及原因状语2 1. Looking (when I looked) at the picture, I couldn't help missing my middle school days. 2.Seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. =As he was seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. b)放在句中或句末常常看作为伴随状态(并列句) The girl was left alone in the room，weeping（crying ）bitterly. (但注意特殊：Generally/frankly speaking... / taken as a whole(总的来讲）不考虑逻辑主语，看作为独立成分) C.difference between "being done"&"done" 1）being done---->"又被动，又进行” 2）done------->“又被动，又完成” 1），2）均可作原因状语从句，而且更倾向于“done”，因为简单 eg.(being) deeply moved, she couldn't help crying. 但作条件(a)，伴随状语只能用(b)2），不能用1） eg.(a)Once seen, it can't be forgotten./If asked so many questions, Mary's face will turn red. (b)she watched all the gifts ,greatly amazed.(=she watched all the gifts, and was greatly amazed在一般句中：v1,and v2/ v1,v2,and v3) 结论：当发现所要填非谓语为被动时，能用"done"就用"done"(除了有先后顺序(用(having done/having been done)，详见D) D.having done1)/having been done2)作状语时，分词的动作先于谓语动词eg.1)Having handed in the paper, he left the room.(分词逻辑主语与主语相同，用having done) 2)Having been given a map, we found our way easily.(分词逻辑主语与主语不同，是别人给的，用having been done) 再给你解释下伴随状语 伴随状语出现的条件是由一个主语发出两个动作或同一个生语处于两种状态，或同一个主语发出一个动作时又伴随有某一种状态。伴随状语的逻辑主语一般情况下必须是全句的生语，伴随状语与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。 你所问的是这一种
分词作状语用法知识点详解和辨析
分词作状语用法知识点详解和辨析 分词做状语，在我们的英语表达里有何用法与见解呢?以下是小编给大家带来分词作状语用法，以供参阅。 英语分词的形式非谓语动词主动形式被动形式意义 现在分词一般式doing being done与句中谓语动作几乎同时发生 完成式having donehaving been done先于句中谓语动作发生，强调时间先后 过去分词done-----------------与句中主语为逻辑上的被动，表完成 英语分词的意义在英语中，分词包括现在分词与过去分词两种形式，即-ing与-ed。一般情况下，从时态和语态两种角度来讲，现在分词表示主动、进行;而过去分词表示被动与完成。 对于分词的含义，我们从以下两组词语为例进行分析： 1)the sinking ship 正在下沉的船fallen leaves 落在地上的树叶\ the boiled water 凉白开水 1)从语态角度来看，现在分词表示主动含义，它与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系。the sinking ship 可以改写为the ship that is\ was sinking, 这里的ship相当于sink的逻辑主语。其次，从时态角度看，现在分词一般表示进行的动作，相当于一个进行时态;此外，它还可以表示一般的动作，相当于一个一般的时态。综上，现在分词的意
义有两种：主动进行的动作和主动一般的动作。 2)从语态角度来看，过去分词可以表示被动含义也可以表示主动含义，即动词不同则含义不同。及物动词的过去分词只有被动含义，如the boiled water=the water that was boiled \ the water that has been boiled. 而不及物动词没有被动只有主动，如the sunken ship= the ship that has sunken.但是不及物动词的过去分词出现频率较低，常见的过去分词多为及物动词的过去分词，表达被动含义。其次，从时态角度看，过去分词具有一般动作或完成动作的含义，相当于一般时态或完成时态。不及物动词只具有完成动作。 英语分词作状语的用法分词做状语时可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、伴随、比较。 四、分词作状语的原则：其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致。 常见分词作状语的情况举例： 表条件：Given more time, I would be able to complete the work. \ United we stand; divided we fall. (合则兴，分则亡) 表时间：Walking in the street,I saw him. 表原因：Getting hurt badly in the match, he has to stay at home. 表伴随：Watching the TV play, she burst out crying. 表让步：Having lived in China for years, he still cant speak Chinese well. 表结果：I went home, finding the door locked.
现在分词作状语详解
朗读下面一首唐诗，找出其中的现在分词形式 Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思 Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光 So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜 Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月 Lowering my head, I dream that I’m hom e. 低头思故乡 Step2 现在分词作状语的意义 动词的现在分词作状语，修饰动词，相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况。 一. -ing分词短语作时间状语： When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood. =Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy. =（On）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 二．-ing分词短语作原因状语: 如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday =Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。(引导词有if,unless,once) If you work hard, you will succeed. =Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school. =Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the school. 四．表示让步，相当于让步状语从句 Although they knew all this，they made me pay for the damage. = Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 五．现在分词表伴随。 She came into the house, and carried a lot of books. =She came into the house, carrying a lot of books. He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long time. =He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. 六．现在分词表示主句的动作所带来的必然结果，相当于一个并列谓语 His father died, and left him a lot of money. =His father died, leaving him a lot of money. She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, and broke it into pieces. =She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. His car was caught in the traffic jam ,causing him to be late. 他的车陷入了交通堵塞，结果引起他迟到了。 He didn' t come today, making it necessary for us to find someone to do his work. 他今天没来，因而我们必须找人干他的工作。 课堂巩固练习