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现在分词短语做状语

语法知识篇：作状语的现在分词短语

现在分词短语可以用作状语，修饰句子中由谓语表示的主要动作。这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原

因、结果、条件、方式或表示主要动作发生的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，

这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。下面分述如下：

一、作时间状语

如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生，分词用一般式，有时其前可以加上连词while或when。例如：

①Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy.(＝When they heard the news，they...)

听到这个消息时，他们都高兴得跳了起来。

②Walking slowly across the grass，he pointed the gun at the lion and fired.

他慢慢地走过草地，把枪对准狮子就射击了。

③One day，while walking along the sands towards his boat，Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man's foot.

有一天，克鲁索沿着沙滩走向他的船时，在沙子里看见一个人的脚印。

如果现在分词的动作结束之后，谓语动词的动作才发生，现在分词应用完成式。这时分词所表示的动

作有一定的持续性。如果用一般式就会给人感觉到似乎是"某人在做某事时就开始做某事"，容易产生误解。但是，如果现在分词是hear，see等表示感官的动词或是leave，arrive，turn，open等表示位置转换或情

况改变的动词，现在分词所表示的动作发生后，主句的动作往往紧接着发生，那就不必用完成式，仍用一

般式。例如：

①Having watered the flowers(＝After／When he had watered the flowers)，he began to cut the grass.

他把花浇好后，开始割草。

②Having eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out.

那男孩吃完了饭就跑出去了。

③Hearing the footstep below(＝When he heard the footstep below)，he rose and went to the top of the stairs.

听见下面脚步声，他站起身来走到楼梯口去。

④Seeing a large cake flying through the air，the driver pulled up quickly.

司机看见一只大蛋糕在空中掠过，赶紧刹车。

二、作方式状语

现在分词作方式状语很容易与伴随状语、同位语、定语相混淆。试分析下列句子：

...But later，people developed a way of printing，using rocks.

……但是以后，人们利用石块发展了印刷术。

有人对该句using rocks提出了以下看法：

1)把它视作相当于一个非限制性定语从句。

2)把它视作 a way of printing的同位语。

3)把它视作状语，表示伴随情况或方式。

笔者赞成第三种看法，表示方式状语(但不是伴随状语)。因为句中using rocks表明人们用什么方法发明了一种印刷方法，是涉及到用how或by what means的回答问题，所以，如果把句中using前的逗号去掉，改为by，则句意保持不变。又如：

He earns a living by driving.他靠开卡车谋生。

They would be ableto reply to our signals by using similar methods.

他们将能用同样的方法回答我们的信号。

三、作目的状语例如：

①Pappy ran out to the gate and told him not to come fooling(＝to fool)round there no more.

巴比跑到大门口去叫他不要再到这儿来游荡。(钱歌川，《英语疑难详解》P237)

②The six blind men stood there begging for a meal.(＝in order to beg for a meal)六个瞎子站在那儿

要饭。

四、作结果状语例如：

①I thought he was making fun of me，and ran faster than ever，reaching(＝so that I reached)the school yard quite out of breath.

我想他在拿我开玩笑，就越发跑得快了，到达校园时已经上气不接下气。

②Her husband died ten years ago，leaving her with three children to look after.她丈夫十年前去世了，撇下她和三个孩子。

五、作伴随状语

伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。例如：

①He sat in the armchair，reading a newspaper.

他坐在扶手椅里读报。

②All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem.

他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。

六、作原因状语

现在分词短语作原因状语，尤其是be，feel，know，recognize，fear等状态动词的现在分词(短语)，以及现在分词的否定式用作状语时，通常表示

原因。例如：

①Being sick，I stayed at home.我因病呆在家中。

②Not knowing her address，I can't write to her.由于不知道她的地址，我没法给她写信。

③Not having done(＝As he has not done)his homework，he stayed at home.

由于他没完成作业，只好呆在家里。

七、作条件状语例如：

Taking(＝If you take)the path that leads out of the town，you will come to a dense wood.

如果你沿着通向郊外的小道前进，就会走到一片密林处。

八、起补充说明作用

现在分词短语起补充说明的作用与伴随状语有些相似，但严格地说，它不是伴随状语，因为它所表达

的情景不与句子的动作相伴而产生，实际上，它起着补充说明的作用，相当于一个并列分句，但比分句简

洁、明快。例如：

①My train leaves at six，arriving in Chicago at ten.＝...and will arrive in Chicago at ten.

②The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks，adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.＝...and added that he had enjoyed his stay here.

(文/山东临沂刘泽森里传芳；英语辅导报初中教师版03-04第20期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行传播。)

现在分词作状语及习题

现在分词作状语一、现在分词具有形容词和副词特征，用作副词时，充当时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、方式以及让步状语。 1. 作时间状语，可改为时间状语从句，分词前可加while或when等连词。 When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. =When we compare different cultures… (06全国) 2. 作条件状语，可改为条件状语从句，分词前可加once, until, if等连词。 Turning to the right, you will find the path leading to the park. =If you turn to the left … 3. 作原因状语，可改为原因状语从句。 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing the exam. =Because/ As he had been ill in bed… (04福建) 4. 作结果状语，可改为which引导非限制性定语从句，分词前可加thus，加强语气。 Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, reaching a record $57.65 a barrel on April. =…, which reach a record $57.65 a barrel on April. (05山东) 5. 作让步状语，可改为让步状语从句，分词前可加although, though, even if, even though等连接词。 Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. = Though his parents lack money, they … (02上海) 6. 作伴随状语，相当于and连接并列谓语。 About one-six undergraduates in Beijing this year are willing to spend as much as 2,6oo Yuan on driving courses, seeing it as an investment in their future. = …, and see it as an investment in their future. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, running away =…and ran away (05全国) 7. 作方式状语。Jack came here, running. 二、现在分词的时态以及否定形式分词的动作与谓语同时发生用一般式，可转化为on+动名词或when/while引导的时间状语从句，从句根据语境用一般过去时或过去进行时；分词动作先于谓语动词用完成式，可转化为after+动名词的一般式或after /when引导的时间状语从句，从句中用完成式；现在分词的否定式：not+分词构成。 Hearing his father’s voice, the boy turned off the TV set at once. = On hearing his father’s voice…或When the boy heard father’s voice, he… Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （04北京） =After waiting in the queue…或When Tom had waited in the queue for half an hour, he… 三、现在分词的逻辑主语及独立结构分词作状语，逻辑主语与句子主语一致；如不一致时，分词带上自己的逻辑主语，形成独立主格结构。误：While watching television, the doorbell rang. (05全国) 正：While watching television, we heard the doorbell ring. (05全国) 误：Being sunny, we went on a spring outing. 正：It being sunny, we went on a spring outing. 四、掌握以下区别 1. 首动词的用法区别

分词短语作状语的时态和语态

分词短语作状语的时态和语态 1. 分词的时态及其判断 * 过去分词没有时态形式的变化，因此been done 和had done 任何时候都不会出现。 * 现在分词有两种时态形式：一般形式：doing 完成形式：having done * 判断分词用什么形式主要是要与句子中的主要动词行为发生时间进行对比，如果同时或相继发生，用一般式；如果分词的行为的发生时间早于主要动词的发生时间，则用完成式。例如：--Working there, we learned a lot from them. (劳动的同时学到了许多) --Looking out of the window, I saw groups of children play games. (先望出去，接着就看到，视线没有断开) -- Having finished his work, he went to help his classmates.(完成工作在前，帮助他人在后，中间有停顿) -- Not having done it right, I tried again. (没做好在前，明显停顿后再次尝试) * 伴随状语是与主要动词的行为同时发生的动作，如果有前有后就不成其为伴随，所引不能用完成形式having done 表示，否则就是逻辑错误。 2. 分词的语态及其判断

* 过去分词本身就表示被动 * 现在分词的被动语态同样有两种形式一般式：being done 完成式：having been done * 主动与被动的判断主要是要找到分词的逻辑主语，一般说来，用作状语的分词，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，它们之间有两种关系：逻辑主语是分词行为的支配者，即主谓关系——用现在分词主动形式表示；逻辑主语是分词的行为对象，即动宾关系——用过去分词或现在分词的被动形式,分别表示：过去分词——与主要动词先后发生，如： -- Inspired him, we decided to work harder. (被鼓励接下来决定更加努力) 现在分词一般式——与主要动词同时发生，如： -- Being surrounded, the enemy was forced to surrender.（被包围的同时被迫投降）现在分词完成式——先于主要动词的动作，如： -- Having been asked to stay, I couldn't very well leave. (先被要求留下，（考虑后)觉得不好离开。 * 独立主格结构：

现在分词作状语详解

教学目标：讲解现在分词作状语及区分不定式、现在分词作状语的异同重点难点： 1.现在分词和不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 2.分词作状语时，要看它同句子主语之间的关系，以确定是现在分词还是过去分词。 3.注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定分词的时态形式 4、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式. 5. 连词+分词形式（分词作状语的省略问题） 6.不定式作结果状语和现在分词作结果状语的区别。 7. 现在分词的独立主格结构和评价性状语 Step 1 lead in 朗读下面一首唐诗，找出其中的现在分词形式 Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思 Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光 So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜 Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月 Lowering my head, I dream tha t I’m home. 低头思故乡 Step2 现在分词作状语的意义动词的现在分词作状语，修饰动词，相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况及独立成分等，作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。一. -ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句(引导词有when ,while ) 温馨提示： 1．现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when, while引出。 2．现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时。如： When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood. =Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。 As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy. =（0n）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 他一听到这个好消息，就高兴地跳起来。二．-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。(引导词有because ,as ,since) 如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday =Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。(引导词有if,unless,once) If you work hard, you will succeed. =Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.

ing分词做状语的句子

i n g分词做状语的句子-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

ing分词做状语的句子 ing分词做状语的句子现在分词作伴随状语例句1：smoking a cigarette , he entered the meeting hall. 他抽着烟，走进了会议厅。例句2：i gazed into the dark sky thinking about where i would belong. 凝望着漆黑的夜空，我心里思索着路在何方。注释：现在分词作伴随状语，表示非谓语动词所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作或状态而发生的。现在分词作条件状语例句1：throwing yourself into your study, you will find it pleasant and productive. 如果你投入到你的学习中去，你会发现学习即愉悦又有收获。例句2：speaking in english everyday, you will hander this language step by step. 每天都用英语说话，你会一步一步掌握这门语言。注释：现在分词作条件状语时相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。比如例句1也可以写成：if you throw yourself into your study, you will find it pleasant and productive.

现在分词作时间状语例句1：seeing the actors singing and dancing, the little baby did likewise. 当看到演员们载歌载舞的时候，小宝宝也学者手舞足蹈。注释：相当于when he saw the actors singing and dancing, the little baby did likewise. 例句2：having finished reading passage one, we then moved on to the second passage. 完成第一章之后，我们进而进入第二章。注释：相当于after we finished passage one, we then moved on to the second passage. 现在分词作让步状语例句1：being a kid, he has much knowledge about love affairs. 虽然是个孩子，他知道很多关于爱情的事。例句2：having learned english for years, he still can't speak freely. 虽然学了很多年英语，但是他还是不能自由交谈。注释：例句1和例句2都可以变换成though引导的让步状语从句。比如例句1也可以写成though he is a kid, he has much knowledge about love affairs. 现在分词作原因状语例句1：being sleepy, the boy couldn't focus on his study.

现在分词短语作伴随状语

其实分词做伴随状语就是分词做方式状语的一种，伴随是一种方式。大多情况下其实方式状语从句都等于伴随状语从句。只有在just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体分词短语作伴随状语伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的 1）现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。 1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。比如 The teacher came in the classroom with handing a book in his hand. with handing就是个例子过去分词，现在分词都可以做伴随状语,即在某件事情发生的时候相伴发生的事情这个句子老师进入了教室，他是拿着本书进入教室的，在他进入教室的时候他的手中有一本书（相伴）知道意思了吧。做题的时候要注意区分什么时候使用过去分词和什么时候使用现在分词做伴随状语。一般的无非又几种情况： 1，过去分词表示一种完成了的或者是被动意义的动作分词作状语（关键找逻辑主语） a)放在句首的分词往往看作时间状语1以及原因状语2 1. Looking (when I looked) at the picture, I couldn't help missing my middle school days. 2.Seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. =As he was seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. b)放在句中或句末常常看作为伴随状态(并列句) The girl was left alone in the room，weeping（crying ）bitterly. (但注意特殊：Generally/frankly speaking... / taken as a whole(总的来讲）不考虑逻辑主语，看作为独立成分)

分词做状语用法总结

外教一对一https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6918719872.html, 分词做状语用法总结一、表时间 Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving up. 她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了过来。 Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. 在找好旅馆之后，我们就去找吃饭的地方。 Asked why he came late, he said that got up late. 当他被问到为什么来晚了时，他说他起床起晚了。二、表原因 Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to contact her. 由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。 Having been ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. 由于他病了很长时间，他需要一段恢复的时间。 Moved by their speech, I was at a loss what to say. 被他们的发言感动，我不知说什么好。三、表条件 Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective. 及时吃，这药会很有效的。 Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping on your feet. 坐下吧，埃玛。你老站着，只会弄得你更累。 Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose. 如从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般料想的那样严重。四、表让步 Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。 Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。五、表方式 He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。 I’m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。六、表伴随 I offered them something to eat, thinking they might be hungry. 我给了他们一些东西吃，心想他们可能会饿。 They came in, followed by their wives. 他们走了进来，后面跟着他们的妻子。

(完整word版)分词作状语练习题解析

分词作状语练习题解析 1. 分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件，方式或伴随状况。通常可转换成相应的状语从句；表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。例如： Put into use in April000 , the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. 分词短语作时间状语 Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network , Alice was in low spirits. 分词短语作原因状语 Given time , he’ll make a fist-class tennis player. 分词短语作条件状语 We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things. 分词短语作伴随状语 2. 有时为了强调，分词前可带when, while, if, though, as if, unless等连词一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。例如： When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

过去分词短语作状语分类练习题

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