定语从句讲义(教师版)

模块简介

☆主要应用：本模块主要考察引导词的应用,随着高考英语的改革,英语语法的考点也有所改变,现在主要应用在短文改错和语法填空中

☆模块等级：本模块难度中等,学生的基础稍微弱一些也可以接受,基础弱的学生需要5-8课时（2h/课）不等,中等学生3课时（2h/课）可以基本掌握,基础好的学生1-2课时（2h/课）可以搞定

☆知识分布：每节课需要先讲解10个高考重点词汇辨析,之后讲解语法知识,语法知识中的例句与练习题可以相应练习本堂课程中的重点词汇,从而达到复习的效果

☆习题分布：习题包括08-14年高考题,辽宁省模拟题并且平均练习各个考点

☆通关确保：本部分习题为课后作业,分为牛刀小试,略有所成,炉火纯青等不同难度的单项选择还包括语法填空与短文改错从而达到最高效的练习

☆易混模块：本模块容易与名词性从句状语从句混淆,所以三大从句讲解完毕之后会配有知识点总结与

习题练习

定语从句

【知识清单】

【考点一】句子结构

简单句（只有一套主谓结构）

（1）主.谓 I sleep.

（2）主.谓.宾 I study English.

（4）主.谓.间宾.直宾 He gave me anoffer.

（3）主.谓.宾.宾补 He makes medelighted.

（即双宾语结构） （人一般为间接宾语,物为直接宾语）

（5）主.系.表 I am a teacher.

复合句（有两套或两套以上的主谓结构）

The girl is beautiful.

The girl has long hair.

（1）并列句 ①表递进：and. not only...but also.... neither...nor...

She not only dances well but also sings well.

Neither do I know his address, nor do my parents.

②表选择：or. Either...or.....

You can stay here ,or you can leave.

Either you leave or I leave.

③表转折：but. Yet. Whereas(然而）.

Some men are rich, whereas others are poor.

He tried his best, but he failed.

④表因果：so. For.

I must be off now, for my sister is waiting for me.

I work hard, so I was able to pass the exam.

（2）复合句 ①定语从句：The ∧ girl (who has long hair ）is beautiful.

beautiful 划线部分作用相同,即定语从句起到形容词的作用

②状语从句：(时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较)

一、定语从句的相关概念

合并为一句话

I always want to eat something tasty recently.

作用相同,即状从起副词作用

I always want to eat something tasty when I’m hungry.

③名词性从句：（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）

The news made me crazy.

名词the news和主语从句作用相同,皆充当主语,即名词性从句起名词作用

（What he said）made me crazy.

【考点二】定语从句基本概念

定语：相当于adj.,修饰主句中的名词或代词

定语从句：相当于adj.,只不过形式是一个句子

基本构成：

The girl （whohas long hair）is beautiful.

先行词关系词

n.&pron,&一句话作用：（1）连接作用

（2）替代作用（替代先行词）

（3）作句子中的成分

that、as、which 、who 、whom 、whose:关系代词充当主、宾、表、定

when 、where 、why：关系副词充当状语

注：定从的关系词没有what和how,在定从中,它们就像过街的老鼠,人人喊打,出现就将其pass 【考点三】定语从句和先行词的判断方式

定从：n+(______ + V1)+V2 注：根据动词划分句子是三大从句的基本判断方法

先行词：能够放入到从句中构成一句话（可加介词和所有格）

【基础过关】

1.I deliver some flowers to a woman _that/who___always appears in my dreams.

2. Don’t stare at the girl ___ that/who ____is my younger sister.

3. I prefer to take a bus rather than take a taxi____that/which___ is more expensive than the former.

4. The story is very moving_ that/which_ is based on a real event.

5. The house____where______ I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building.

二、关系代词的辨别

【知识清单】

【考点一】who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语

The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的

【考点二】whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略

Green is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.

注：who与whom 都可做宾语,但是若前面有介词,只能用whom,其他情况两者通用

The man ( whom / who/that/不填 )you met just now is my old friend.

【考点三】whose指谁的,做先行词的定语

指人时：whose+名词=of whom+the+名词=the+名词+of whom

指物时：whose+名词=of which+the+名词=the+名词+of which

【基础过关】

1.I've become good friends with several of the students in my school _that/who/whom____ I met in the English

speech contestlast year.

2.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of __whom_____left their village homes for a better life

in the city.

3. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ___whose_____ lives were affected.

4. The people __who/that_____ are required to attend the meeting should turn up on time.

5. The goods__that/which_____ I bought on the Single Day was transported from Beijing.

【考点四】which指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略

Football is a game which is liked by most boys. （注：填which、that）

Football is a game which most boys like. （注：which/that/不填都可）

注：注前面用一句话做先行词,用关系代词which/as引导（常用在非限制定语从句中）

【考点五】as 指人或物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语一般不可省略

注：which和as的区别

（1）当先行词有such、the same修饰时用as

I've never heard such stories as he tells.

注：such as与such that的区别：

Tom is such a boy __as__ everyone likes. such...as引导的定语从句

Tom is such a boy __that__ everyone likes him. such...that引导的结果状语从句

从句中如果缺成分用as,不缺成分用that

（2）当翻译成“正如”时,用as

He opposed the idea, as could be expected.

( 3) as意为”正如,好像”,位置灵活,which位于先行词后

注：定从中,句首设空必选as.

As we all know/ As is known to us all, Yao Ming is famous for basketball as a basketball player to us Yao Ming, As we all know, is famous for basketball as a basketball player to us

Yao Ming is famous for basketball as a basketball player to us,as/which we all know

【基础过关】

1. The air quality in the city, ___as_____is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.

2. A lot of language learning, ___as__has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.

3. Finally he reached a lonely island __which/that______ was completely cut off from the outside world.

4. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, __which___made one of the Chinese people's long－held dreams come true.

5. He recovers his confidence __which/that_____ makes him live a better life.

【考点六】that指人时,相当于who或whom；指物时,相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略

Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.

The person (that/whom) you introduced to me is very kind.

注：（1）只用that,不用which的情况（最序不表疑,免重人物重）：

a、当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时用that

This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen.

当先行词前有only、the very、any、few...等修饰时用that

This is the very bus that I'm waiting for.

He is the only man that I want to marry.

b、当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时用that

This train is the last that will go to Beijing.

c、当先行词是指物的不定代词everything、anything、nothing、the one........等时用that

Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?

d、当主从句都是主系表结构时

Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.

e、当主句的主语是疑问词who/which时用that

Which is the bike that you lose ?

Who is the boy that you want to go together ?

f、当先行词既有人又有物时用that

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about.

（2）绝不用that：

a、prep.（介词）后绝不用that,指人用whom,指物用which

b、逗号后（即非限制定语从句中）绝不用that

注：that只用于限制性定语从句中,可指物/人

which用于限制性定语从句中和非限制性定语从句中,只能指物

注：最常考的是“代高序+恰恰”,前提条件：先行词是“物”、缺宾语时可省略【基础演练】

1. This is the most amazing park _that__ I have ever seen.

2.In my opinion, it’s a rare vase ___that/which_____ most people can’t afford.

3.I am involved in an activity ___that/which_____ benefits me a lot.

4.I am upset with the people ___that/who_____ will be late.

5.The headmaster recognized the thief _____that/who/whom/___ the police arrested.

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定语从句 用来修饰名词的叫定语。 a pretty girl a girl in red a girl standing in the living room. a girl who is standing in the living room is lucy I like the girls who can play the guitar. ] 形容词修饰名词通常位于名词之前作前置定语；名词之后的介词短语作后置定语； 理解定语从句要把握住两个关键词：先行词、关系代词（关系副词） ★当先行词指人时,关系代词可以用who,that,whose,whom. 关系代词的作用:一指代先行词； 二在主句和从句中作引导词； 三在从句中作主语/宾语/定语。 （who和that在从句中既可以作主语，也可以作宾语；whom在从句中只能作宾语；whose在从句中只能作定语，即whose后面加名词） * Garmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music. She is the girl (who)I love very much. I love the book which my father bought for me last week very much. Do you know the girl whose hair is long Linda,whose English is very good,is always helpful. ★当先行词指物时,关系代词可以用which/that(which和that在从句中既可以作主语,也可以作宾语) I don’t like the people that speak much but do little. / The little boy (that)he is watching is lovely boy. ★当先行词指地点时,关系副词可以用where,wherer在定语从句中充当地点状语； This is a place where kids can play with sand. My uncle went to the town where he was born. It has to be a place where we can do lots of exercise. ★当先行词指时间时,关系副词可以用when,when在定语从句中充当时间状语；I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.

人教版英语九年级13定语从句(基础讲解)

定语从句的用法 【概念引入】 欣赏含有定语从句的名言： Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. 笑是太阳，它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。 Don’t trust the first sign that you see. 不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。 All is not gold that glitters. 发光的未必都是金子。 Nothing is impossible to the man who has will. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。 【用法讲解】 一、定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。 This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. 这是他给我的生日礼物。 Do you know everybody who came to the party? 你认识来宴会的每一位吗？ This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. 这是毛主席曾经居住的地方。 二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics. 我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。 These are musicians who make us happy. 这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。 People who eat a balanced diet are healthier. 平衡饮食的人是健康的。 2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。 Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？ 你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗？ Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 你想见的李先生已经来了。 3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。 The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 她妈妈病了的那个女孩今天呆在家。 I know the boy whose father is a professor. 我认识他的父亲是教授的那个男孩。 4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。 A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 字典是给单词释义的一本书。

人教版中考英语九年级英语定语从句专题练习

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?定语从句定义及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的 先行词之后。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等; 关系副词有when, where, why 等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句 B.代替先行词，C.在定语从句中担当一个成分.关系代词表格

例如：(注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分) ①Do you know the pro fessor who/that will give us a sp eech next week? ②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be p ublished. ③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. (作宾语) ④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to in troduce to you. ⑤The soldier whose legs were badly woun ded was op erated on without delay. 三.6个关系代词的用法 1 )关系代词that禾n which 的用法 which, that在代替物时，一般可以通用。 His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets. The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black. ▲但在有些情况下，只用that 1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。 ①This is the best way that has bee n used aga inst p olluti on. ②En glish is the most difficult subject that you will lear n duri ng these years. 2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。 ①This is the last p lace (that) I want to visit. ②It is the first America n movie of this kind that I 3.先行词是all, much, little, someth ing, everyth ing, anything, nothing, non e,a ny, few, little, no, all, much, every 等不定代词时。 ①You should hand in all that you have. ②We haven ‘ t got much that we can ffer you. ③The little money (that) he had was stole n. 4.先行词前面有the on ly, the very,等修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some mon ey. 5.先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talk ing about? 6.主句已有疑问词which时。避免重复使用 Which is the bike that you lost? 7.that在定语从句中作表语 Mary is no Ion ger the girl that she used to be. （作主 语） （作宾 语） ve ever seen.

高三英语一轮复习---定语从句讲义

定语从句 （一）基本概念 1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容， 这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修 饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。 关系词的分类和基本用法

本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。

当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用 “介词+whom/whose”, 且两个 定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读

▲定语从句与习惯句型 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 ①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai． ②It was the time _____ Chinese people had a hard life． 解析：这里①小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It is／was the first／second ．．．time ＋that从句。故①填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。②小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填when。 ▲定语从句与简单句 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 ①The mother told the lazy boy to work，_____ didn't help． ②The mother told the lazy boy to work．_____ didn't help． 解析：含有定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别在于：前者有主句，有从句，必须有关系词；而后者则是两个单独的句子，不需要任何关联词。①小题两个句子用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然应是主从句关系，因此需用关系词which，前面整个句子作先行词；②小题则填It，代替前面的整个句子。解题时，注意标点符号的运用。

第6讲.定语从句(一).教师版

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定语从句讲解总结 Prepared on 24 November 2020

定语从句讲解 一．定语从句 1.注意英汉差异：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面， 如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy 是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面， 如：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。 ④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。 ⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。 2.分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。 如上面第5：主句：He is the man 从句：who you are looking for 在从句中，looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词 who(whom)放置于句首，便是定语从句。 3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成： He is the man you are looking for. 二．定语从句（从句部分） 1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please. 3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 （1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词， 如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。 数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。 （2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点： ①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting. ②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。 There are many places we can visit（them）in China. 4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as。 关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。 5、确定关系词的步骤 （1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。 （2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 一．关系代词which的用法 1.English is a language.

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