2016届年高考英语高频词汇必背及专项突破训练(2)及答案

2015年高考高频词汇必背及训练系列2

1.suffer vt.& vi.

suffer作及物动词，但无被动语态，宾语常是pain，loss，defeat，punishment，hardship等。而suffer from表示“遭受……之苦，患某种疾病”。

(1)vt.遭受，经历

This area suffered a great loss in the earthquake.

这一地区在地震中遭受重大损失。

The Democrats suffered a crushing defeat in the last election.民主党在上次选举中遭遇了惨败。He suffered great pain/no pain.

他遭受了很大的痛苦/没遭受痛苦。

(2)vi.受苦；患病(常与from连用，意思为“因……而受苦，受……之苦”)

【拓展】

suffering n．痛苦；苦难，但指种种苦难、痛苦时常用复数。

He died without any suffering.

他死时没有任何痛苦。

He told me all about his sufferings.

他告诉我他所经历的种种苦难。

(1)He would rather________death than let out the secret.

A．suffer B．suffer from C．be suffered D．be suffering

(2)________such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river. A．Having suffered B．Suffering C．To suffer D．Suffer

2.pressure n．压，按；压力；艰难

The team performs well under pressure.

这个队在压力下表现良好。

The barriers gave way under the pressure of the crowd.

拥挤的人群把路障推倒了。

She's got a lot of pressure on her at work just now.

她现在工作压力很大。

考点提示：

under the pressure of 在……的压力下

come/go under pressure 在压力/强制下

bring...under pressure 压制……

put/bring pressure on 给……压力；强迫

cause pressure 造成压力

suffer pressure 承受压力

Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their ________ some people drink alcohol. A．temper B．mood C．consciousness D．press

完成句子

(1)He had to leave the girl who he lov ed so deeply_________(在……的压力下)public opinion.

(2)Advertisements______________(迫使)girls to be thin.

3.reduce

(1)vt.减少，降低(翻译较灵活)

reduce expenses 缩减开支

reduce the price 降低价格

reduce the pressure 减轻压力

The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.

当飞临机场时，飞机减慢了速度。

(2)vi.缩减到(＋to)；缩减了(＋by)

We had to reduce the price from 5 dollars to 3 do llars.

我们不得不把价格从5美元降到3美元。

That is to say，we ha ve to reduce the price by 2 dollars.

那就是说我们不得不降价2美元。

考点提示：

表示“增加”的词有：increase，rise，go up

表示“减少”的词有：decrease，reduce，go down，drop

单项填空

(1)She reduced her weight ________ 5 kilograms.

A．to B．towards C．for D．by

(2)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.

—Yes.But I'm sure something will be done to ________ air pollution.

A．reduce B．remove C．collect D．warn

4.diet n．饮食，节食

作可数名词时，常指为了某种特定的目的，定质、定量的饮食。

be on a diet在节食，在减肥

She couldn't help eating delicious fish and meat，though she is on a diet.尽管她在减肥，但还是忍不住吃些鱼和肉。

用food，diet填空

(1)I can smell the delicious ________ on the table.

(2)A healthy________ can benefit you a lot.

5.care v. ①介意，关心，关注②照顾，照料 n. ①担心，烦恼②[U]照料，护理③注意，小心[同attention; caution]

完成句子

①注意不要把这婴儿吵醒了。

__________________ that you don't wake the baby.

②她在照料我的婴儿。

She is ___________________________ my baby.

③只要你答应把我的照相机保管好就可以借去用。

You can borrow my camera if you promise to________________________________ it.

用about, for填空

④Einstein who cared little ________ money never cared ________ his salary.

⑤Would you care ________ some coffee?

6.catch v．①抓住，接住②赶上，搭上(车、船等)[反miss] ③理解，听懂[同understand; follow] ④感染(疾病) ⑤撞上，偶然发现⑥吸引，引起(注意等)

完成句子/英译汉/单项选择

①老师捉住他考试舞弊。

The teacher caught him ________ in the exam.

[被动语态] He ___________________________.

②要是你耽误很多课，你会很难赶上的。

If you miss a lot of lessons, it's very difficult

③At rush hour we are often caught in traffic.

_____________________________________________

④The painting on the wall caught my eye.

_____________________________________________

⑤I didn't catch what you said.

_____________________________________________

⑥The owner scolded the girl caught ________ flowers in his garden and let her off.

A. picking

B. to pick

C. to have picked

D. to be picking

用catch up with或keep up with填空

⑦别跑了，我赶不上你了。

Don't run — I can't ________________________ you.

⑧为了跟上那些优秀学生，我们得努力学习了。

We have to work hard to _________ those excellent students.

7.prefer vt.宁可，宁愿；更喜欢

I prefer not to think about it.我不想考虑此事。

Would you prefer me to stay？你愿意我留下来吗？

考点提示：

prefer＋名词/代词更喜欢……

prefer to/do 更愿意做……(倾向具体的动作)

prefer doing 更愿意做……(倾向普遍的行为习惯)

prefer sb to do 更愿意某人做……

prefer that-clause 更愿意……(从句中常用虚拟语气，即“主语＋should do”，should可省略) prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不做B

prefer(doing)A to(doing)B 宁愿做A而不做B

(1)On a cold day he prefers ________ out to play football ________ at home.

A．going；rather stay B．going；to staying

C．to go；rather than staying D．to go；rather than to stay

(2)He prefers ________ lectures to the students to ________ to different boring conferences. A．to give；be invited B．give；be invited

C．giving；be invited D．giving；being invited

8.advertisement n．广告(简写ad.)

Put an advertisement in the newspaper.在报纸上登广告。

She scanned the job/property advertisements in th e paper.

她浏览了一下报纸的招聘/房地产广告。[剑桥高阶]

考点提示：

(1)advertise v．登广告，作广告

advertise sth 宣传某物，为某物作广告

advertise for sth /sb 登广告征寻/招聘某物/人

(2)advertiser n. 做广告的人

(3)advertising n. 广告业

用advertise的适当形式填空

(1)They put ________ in the newspapers to ________ their new cars.

(2)With the development of ________，many ________ find their way to prove their abilities.

9.damage v. 损害，毁坏 n. 损害，损坏，损失

完成句子

①这次地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。

The earthquake ____________________________.

②火灾造成房屋严重损毁。

The fire ____________________________ t he houses.

③洪水使这个村子受到了严重破坏。

The village ___________________________ the flood.

10.danger n. 危险[反safety]

用dangerous, in danger填空

①That dog is ill and ________________.

②That dog is ________________； it may bite.

答案：1.(1)A (2)A

2.D [句意：城市生活很艰难，许多人为了缓解压力而喝啤酒。lose one's pressure 缓解压力；mood 情绪；consciousness 意识；temper 脾气。]

(1)under the pressure of (2)put pressure on

3.(1)D [reduce...by...“把……减少了”；reduce...to“把……减少到”。句意：她体重减了5公斤。] (2)A [句意：——汽车在街上放出许多废气。——是的，但是我相信一定会采取措施来降低污染的。reduce 减少，降低；remove移开；collect收集；warn警告。]

4.(1)food (2)diet

5.①Take care ②taking care of ③take good care of ④for; about ⑤for

6.①cheating; was caught cheating in the exam ②to catch up

③在交通高峰时间我们经常遇到堵车。④墙上的画吸引了我。⑤我没听懂你说的话。

⑥A 该题考查catch sb. doing sth.这一结构，其被动形式为sb. be caught doing sth.。该句中caught 是过去分词作后置定语，修饰the girl，相当于who was caught stealing。

⑦catch up with ⑧keep/catch up with

7.(1)B (2)D

8.(1)advertisements；advertise (2)advertis ing；advertisers

9.①damaged several buildings

②caused a lot of damage to

③suffered serious damage from

10.①in danger ②dangerous