金融专业英语及翻译
Opposite指“位置、方向、地位、性质、意义等对立的、相反的”, 如:
如: “True” and “ false ” have opposite meanings.
“真”与“假”有着相反的意思。
Contrary指“两物朝相反的方向发展”, 含有“互相冲突, 不一致”的意思, 如: Your plan is contrary to mine.
你的计划与我的相反。
Inverse 颠倒的；倒数的
Evil is the inverse of good.
Reverse 反过来，翻转
He reversed the car.
他倒车.
教育类
素质教育 education for all-round development
应试教育 the examination-oriented education
义务教育 compulsory education
片面追求升学率 place undue emphasis on the proportion of students' entering school of a higher level
高分低能 good scores but low qualities
扩招 expand enrollment
教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
提高身心素质 improve the health and psychological quality
大学生创业 the university students' innovative undertaking
社会实践 social practice
文凭 diplomas and certificates
复合型人才 interdisciplinary talents
文化底蕴 the rich cultural deposits
适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes
满足社会的急需 meet the urgent needs the society
工作类
人才流动和双向选择 talent flow and a dual-way selection
试用期 probationary period
跳槽 job-hopping
自由职业 freelance work
拜金主义 money worship
获得名利 achieve fame and wealth
充分发挥个人的潜力 develop fully one's potential and creativity
工作出色 excel in one's work
社会和个人的尊重 social and personal esteem
生计问题 a bread and butter issue
人才交流 talents exchange
培养人才 cultivate talents
人才外流 brain drain
失业问题 unemployment problems
下岗职工 the laid-off workers
自谋生路 be self-employed
劳动力短缺 shortage of manpower
医药卫生类
卫生环境 sanitary environment
营养不良 malnutrition
杀虫剂 pesticide
传染病 infectious disease
呼吸疾病 respiratory disease
商业类
假冒伪劣 forged and fake commodities
物美价廉 goods with high qualities low price
售后服务 after-sale service
家用电器 household electrical appliances
旺季 during peak selling seasons
促销 promote sales
提高购买力 raise the purchasing power
刺激购物欲 stimulate the desire to buy
超前消费 premature consumption
国有企业 state-owned enterprise
私人企业 private enterprise
偷税漏税 tax evasion
保持时常良好的秩序 keep market in good order
垄断市场 monopolize the market
社会道德类
遵守公德 comply with public morality
物质和精神文明建设 material and ideological progress
守法 observe/obey the law
遵守交规 observe traffic regulations
改进社会风气 improve public morals
违法 offend against the law
侵犯个人隐私 invasion of privacy
违反公共规章 break/violate public regulations
扰乱治安 disturb the social order
要求索赔 claim compensation
应该受法律严惩 deserve to be punished heavily by the law
环保类
生态系统 ecosystem
环保意识 environmental awareness
生态失衡 disruption of ecological balance
全球变暖 global warming
温室效应 greenhouse effect
沙尘暴 sand/dust storms
淡水资源短缺 shortage of fresh water
downsizing
减员
**
streamline
精简
**
on the job/in-service
在职
**
disposable
一次性
**
think tank
智囊团
**
round the clock service
全天候服务
**
(free) convertibility
（自由）兑换
**
find a sugar daddy
傍大款
**
Nordic
北欧
**
non-renewable
不可再生
**
out and out
彻头彻尾
**
deadlock
僵局
**
tertiary industry
第三产业
**
fair (market) value
市值
**
refund
退款
**
axis-of-evil
邪恶轴心
**
(nuclear) nonproliferation
核不扩散
**
holistic
整体的
**
one-off
一次性（解决）的；一揽子的
**
turnkey
总承包的；现成可使用的
**
in-house
自有的；（in-house finance company) **
round-up
汇总？
**
overseas returnee
海归
**
framework accord
框架协议
金融专业英语阅读(答案)
Lesson One Translate the following passage into Chinese 1.紧缩性货币政策和扩张性货币政策都涉及到改变一个国家的货币供应量水平。 扩张性货币政策增加货币供应量，而紧缩性货币政策会减少货币供应量。 2.当联邦储备体系在公开市场上购买有价证券，会引起证券价格上涨。债券价格 和利率成反比关系。联邦贴现率就是一种利率，因此降低联邦利率实际上就是 降低利率。如果联邦储备系统决定降低法定储备要求，那么银行能够进行投资 的资金会增加。这会引起投资比如债券价格的上涨，因此利率会降低。无论联 邦储备体系用何种方法来增加货币供应量，利率都会降低，债券价格会上涨。 Translate the following sentences into English 1. China would maintain a stable currency and prudent monetary policy, and expected to stay within its growth and inflation targets this year 2.China would also maintain a prudent monetary policy to support economic development while preventing inflationary pressure and financial risks 3. China’s economy continued to grow steadily and rapidly in the first quarter, with investment in fixed assets slowing and domestic consumption accelerating. 4.because of China’s large increase in its trade surplus and foreign exchange reserves in the first quarter, the effectiveness of its monetary policy — used to help control inflation — was facing “serious challenges.” 5. The central bank would seek to further streamline its foreign exchange system to facilitate the orderly outflow of funds. At the same time, it would tighten the management of foreign exchange inflows and settlement. —Three Translation: Translate the following passage into Chinese 1．外汇交易当然是指两种不用货币之间的交易了。每一组货币的交易或“买卖”都包含两个部分。一个是即期市场，在这个市场中支付（交付）需在交易时立即进行（在实际操作中一般是在第二个交易日进行），另一个就是远期市场。远期市场的汇率是在交易的时候就先确定了，但实际的交易，或交付则是在未来的某个特定时间进行的。 2．外汇交易期权是指一种货币和另一种货币在未来进行交付的一个合同，在此合同中，
关于力的外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译
五、外文资料翻译 Stress and Strain 1.Introduction to Mechanics of Materials Mechanics of materials is a branch of applied mechanics that deals with the behavior of solid bodies subjected to various types of loading. It is a field of study that i s known by a variety of names, including “strength of materials” and “mechanics of deformable bodies”. The solid bodies considered in this book include axially-loaded bars, shafts, beams, and columns, as well as structures that are assemblies of these components. Usually the objective of our analysis will be the determination of the stresses, strains, and deformations produced by the loads; if these quantities can be found for all values of load up to the failure load, then we will have obtained a complete picture of the mechanics behavior of the body. Theoretical analyses and experimental results have equally important roles in the study of mechanics of materials . On many occasion we will make logical derivations to obtain formulas and equations for predicting mechanics behavior, but at the same time we must recognize that these formulas cannot be used in a realistic way unless certain properties of the been made in the laboratory. Also , many problems of importance in engineering cannot be handled efficiently by theoretical means, and experimental measurements become a practical necessity. The historical development of mechanics of materials is a fascinating blend of both theory and experiment, with experiments pointing the way to useful results in some instances and with theory doing so in others①. Such famous men as Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) and Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) made experiments to adequate to determine the strength of wires , bars , and beams , although they did not develop any adequate theo ries (by today’s standards ) to explain their test results . By contrast , the famous mathematician Leonhard Euler(1707-1783) developed the mathematical theory any of columns and calculated the critical load of a column in 1744 , long before any experimental evidence existed to show the significance of his results ②. Thus , Euler’s theoretical results remained unused for many years, although today they form the basis of column theory. The importance of combining theoretical derivations with experimentally determined properties of materials will be evident theoretical derivations with experimentally determined properties of materials will be evident as we proceed with
金融专业英语单词
金融专业英语单词内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）
金融专业英语词汇大全 a flat percentage rate of income 统一比率的所得税税率 a long position 多头部位，利多形势 a long positio 多头寸；买进的期货合同 a put option on a debt security 债务证券的卖出期权 a sales slip 签购单据，售货清单 a short position 空头部位，短缺头寸 a short position 空头；卖出的期货合同 a tax return 税务申报表 abnormal depreciation 特别折旧abnormal spoilage 非 正常损坏 aboriginal cost 原始成本 acceptance bank 票 据承兑行 acceptance method 承兑方式 acceptance risks 承兑风险 accepting bank 承兑银行 accessory risks 附加保险，附加险 accident insurance 意外保险（不包括海 上，火灾和人寿险） accommodation of funds 资金融通 accompany vt. 附 带，伴随，陪同 account charges 账户费用 account current (A/C,a/c) 往来帐 户 account number (A/N) 帐号 account statement 帐户清单 accounting exposure 会计风险 accounting risks 会计风险 accounting value 帐面价值 accounts of assured 保险帐户 accrued bond interest 应计债券利息 accrued depreciation 应计折旧 accrued dividend 应计股利
ASP外文翻译原文
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 是一个统一的 Web 开发模型，它包括您使用尽可能少的代码生成企业级 Web 应用程序所必需的各种服务。https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 作为 .NET Framework 的一部分提供。当您编写 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 应用程序的代码时，可以访问 .NET Framework 中的类。您可以使用与公共语言运行库 (CLR) 兼容的任何语言来编写应用程序的代码，这些语言包括 Microsoft Visual Basic、C#、JScript .NET 和 J#。使用这些语言，可以开发利用公共语言运行库、类型安全、继承等方面的优点的https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 应用程序。 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 包括： ?页和控件框架 ?https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 编译器 ?安全基础结构 ?状态管理功能 ?应用程序配置 ?运行状况监视和性能功能 ?调试支持 ?XML Web services 框架 ?可扩展的宿主环境和应用程序生命周期管理 ?可扩展的设计器环境 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 页和控件框架是一种编程框架，它在 Web 服务器上运行，可以动态地生成和呈现 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 网页。可以从任何浏览器或客户端设备请求 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 网页，https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 会向请求浏览器呈现标记（例如 HTML）。通常，您可以对多个浏览器使用相同的页，因为 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 会为发出请求的浏览器呈现适当的标记。但是，您可以针对诸如 Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 的特定浏览器设计https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 网页，并利用该浏览器的功能。https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, 支持基于 Web 的设备（如移动电话、手持型计算机和个人数字助理 (PDA)）的移动控件。
毕业设计外文翻译原文.
Optimum blank design of an automobile sub-frame Jong-Yop Kim a ,Naksoo Kim a,*,Man-Sung Huh b a Department of Mechanical Engineering,Sogang University,Shinsu-dong 1,Mapo-ku,Seoul 121-742,South Korea b Hwa-shin Corporation,Young-chun,Kyung-buk,770-140,South Korea Received 17July 1998 Abstract A roll-back method is proposed to predict the optimum initial blank shape in the sheet metal forming process.The method takes the difference between the ?nal deformed shape and the target contour shape into account.Based on the method,a computer program composed of a blank design module,an FE-analysis program and a mesh generation module is developed.The roll-back method is applied to the drawing of a square cup with the ˉange of uniform size around its periphery,to con?rm its validity.Good agreement is recognized between the numerical results and the published results for initial blank shape and thickness strain distribution.The optimum blank shapes for two parts of an automobile sub-frame are designed.Both the thickness distribution and the level of punch load are improved with the designed blank.Also,the method is applied to design the weld line in a tailor-welded blank.It is concluded that the roll-back method is an effective and convenient method for an optimum blank shape design.#2000Elsevier Science S.A.All rights reserved. Keywords:Blank design;Sheet metal forming;Finite element method;Roll-back method
金融专业英语及翻译
Opposite指“位置、方向、地位、性质、意义等对立的、相反的”, 如: 如: “True” and “ false ” have opposite meanings. “真”与“假”有着相反的意思。 Contrary指“两物朝相反的方向发展”, 含有“互相冲突, 不一致”的意思, 如: Your plan is contrary to mine. 你的计划与我的相反。 Inverse 颠倒的；倒数的 Evil is the inverse of good. Reverse 反过来，翻转 He reversed the car. 他倒车. 教育类 素质教育 education for all-round development 应试教育 the examination-oriented education 义务教育 compulsory education 片面追求升学率 place undue emphasis on the proportion of students' entering school of a higher level 高分低能 good scores but low qualities 扩招 expand enrollment 教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude 提高身心素质 improve the health and psychological quality 大学生创业 the university students' innovative undertaking 社会实践 social practice 文凭 diplomas and certificates 复合型人才 interdisciplinary talents 文化底蕴 the rich cultural deposits 适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes 满足社会的急需 meet the urgent needs the society 工作类 人才流动和双向选择 talent flow and a dual-way selection 试用期 probationary period 跳槽 job-hopping 自由职业 freelance work 拜金主义 money worship 获得名利 achieve fame and wealth 充分发挥个人的潜力 develop fully one's potential and creativity 工作出色 excel in one's work 社会和个人的尊重 social and personal esteem 生计问题 a bread and butter issue 人才交流 talents exchange 培养人才 cultivate talents 人才外流 brain drain 失业问题 unemployment problems 下岗职工 the laid-off workers 自谋生路 be self-employed 劳动力短缺 shortage of manpower 医药卫生类 卫生环境 sanitary environment 营养不良 malnutrition
10kV小区供配电英文文献及中文翻译
在广州甚至广东的住宅小区电气设计中,一般都会涉及到小区的高低压供配电系统的设计.如10kV高压配电系统图,低压配电系统图等等图纸一大堆.然而在真正实施过程中,供电部门(尤其是供电公司指定的所谓电力设计小公司)根本将这些图纸作为一回事,按其电脑里原有的电子档图纸将数据稍作改动以及断路器按其所好换个厂家名称便美其名曰设计(可笑不?),拿出来的图纸根本无法满足电气设计的设计意图,致使严重存在以下问题:(也不知道是职业道德问题还是根本一窍不通) 1.跟原设计的电气系统货不对板,存在与低压开关柜后出线回路严重冲突,对实际施工造成严重阻碍,经常要求设计单位改动原有电气系统图才能满足它的要求(垄断的没话说). 2.对消防负荷和非消防负荷的供电(主要在高层建筑里)应严格分回路(从母线段)都不清楚,将消防负荷和非消防负荷按一个回路出线(尤其是将电梯和消防电梯,地下室的动力合在一起等等,有的甚至将楼顶消防风机和梯间照明合在一个回路,以一个表计量). 3.系统接地保护接地型式由原设计的TN-S系统竟曲解成"TN-S-C-S"系统(室内的还需要做TN-C,好玩吧?),严格的按照所谓的"三相四线制"再做重复接地来实施,导致后续施工中存在重复浪费资源以及安全隐患等等问题.. ............................(违反建筑电气设计规范等等问题实在不好意思一一例举,给那帮人留点混饭吃的面子算了) 总之吧,在通过图纸审查后的电气设计图纸在这帮人的眼里根本不知何物,经常是完工后的高低压供配电系统已是面目全非了,能有百分之五十的保留已经是谢天谢地了. 所以.我觉得:住宅建筑电气设计,让供电部门走!大不了留点位置,让他供几个必需回路的电,爱怎么折腾让他自个怎么折腾去.. Guangzhou, Guangdong, even in the electrical design of residential quarters, generally involving high-low cell power supply system design. 10kV power distribution systems, such as maps, drawings, etc. low-voltage distribution system map a lot. But in the real implementation of the process, the power sector (especially the so-called power supply design company appointed a small company) did these drawings for one thing, according to computer drawings of the original electronic file data to make a little change, and circuit breakers by their the name of another manufacturer will be sounding good design (ridiculously?), drawing out the design simply can not meet the electrical design intent, resulting in a serious following problems: (do not know or not know nothing about ethical issues) 1. With the original design of the electrical system not meeting board, the existence and low voltage switchgear circuit after qualifying serious conflicts seriously hinder the actual construction, often require changes to the original design unit plans to meet its electrical system requirements (monopoly impress ). 2. On the fire load and fire load of non-supply (mainly in high-rise building in) should be strictly sub-loop (from the bus segment) are not clear, the fire load and fire load of non-qualifying press of a circuit (especially the elevator and fire elevator, basement, etc.
中国的对外贸易外文翻译及原文
外文翻译 原文 Foreign T rade o f China Material Source:W anfang Database Author:Hitomi Iizaka 1.Introduction On December11,2001,China officially joined the World T rade Organization(WTO)and be c a me its143rd member.China’s presence in the worl d economy will continue to grow and deepen.The foreign trade sector plays an important andmultifaceted role in China’s economic development.At the same time, China’s expanded role in the world economy is beneficial t o all its trading partners. Regions that trade with China benefit from cheaper and mor e varieties of imported consumer goods,raw materials and intermediate products.China is also a large and growing export market.While the entry of any major trading nation in the global trading system can create a process of adjustment,the o u t c o me is fundamentally a win-win situation.In this p aper we would like t o provide a survey of the various institutions,laws and characteristics of China’s trade.Among some of the findings, we can highlight thefollowing: ?In2001,total trade to gross domestic pr oduct(GDP)ratio in China is44% ?In2001,47%of Chinese trade is processed trade1 ?In2001,51%of Chinese trade is conduct ed by foreign firms in China2 ?In2001,36%of Chinese exports originate from Gu an gdon g province ?In2001,39%of China’s exports go through Hong Kong to be re-exported elsewhere 2.Evolution of China’s Trade Regime Equally remarkable are the changes in the commodity composition of China’s exports and imports.Table2a shows China’s annu al export volumes of primary goods and manufactured goods over time.In1980,primary goods accounted for 50.3%of China’s exports and manufactured goods accounted for49.7%.Although the share of primary good declines slightly during the first half of1980’s,it remains at50.6%in1985.Since then,exports of manufactured goods have grown at a much
金融专业英语翻译学习：跟单信用证常见条款及短语
金融专业英语翻译学习：跟单信用证常见条款及短语applicant 开证人（申请开证人） principal 开证人（委托开证人） accountee 开证人 accreditor 开证人（委托开证人） opener 开证人 for account of Messrs 付（某人）帐 at the request of Messrs 应（某人）请求 on behalf of Messrs 代表某人 by order of Messrs 奉（某人）之命 by order of and for account of Messrs 奉（某人）之命并付其帐户 at the request of and for account of Messrs 应（某人）得要求并付其帐户 in accordance with instruction received from accreditors 根据已收到得委托开证人得指示 2.beneficiary 受益人 beneficiary 受益人 in favour of 以（某人）为受益人 in o ne′s favour 以……为受益人 favouring yourselves 以你本人为受益人
3.drawee 付款人（或称受票人，指汇票） to drawn on (or ：upon) 以（某人）为付款人 to value on 以（某人）为付款人 to issued on 以（某人）为付款人 4.drawer 出票人 5.advising bank 通知行 advising bank 通知行 the notifying bank 通知行 advised th rough…bank 通过……银行通知 advised by airmail/cable through…bank 通过……银行航空信/电通知 6.opening bank 开证行 opening bank 开证行 issuing bank 开证行 establishing bank 开证行 7.negotiation bank 议付行 negotiating bank 议付行 negotiation bank 议付行 8.paying bank 付款行 9.reimbursing bank 偿付行
英文论文及中文翻译
International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials Volume 17, Number 4, August 2010, Page 500 DOI: 10.1007/s12613-010-0348-y Corresponding author: Zhuan Li E-mail: li_zhuan@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1f14455166.html, ? University of Science and Technology Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 Preparation and properties of C/C-SiC brake composites fabricated by warm compacted-in situ reaction Zhuan Li, Peng Xiao, and Xiang Xiong State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China (Received: 12 August 2009; revised: 28 August 2009; accepted: 2 September 2009) Abstract: Carbon fibre reinforced carbon and silicon carbide dual matrix composites (C/C-SiC) were fabricated by the warm compacted-in situ reaction. The microstructure, mechanical properties, tribological properties, and wear mechanism of C/C-SiC composites at different brake speeds were investigated. The results indicate that the composites are composed of 58wt% C, 37wt% SiC, and 5wt% Si. The density and open porosity are 2.0 g·cm–3 and 10%, respectively. The C/C-SiC brake composites exhibit good mechanical properties. The flexural strength can reach up to 160 MPa, and the impact strength can reach 2.5 kJ·m–2. The C/C-SiC brake composites show excellent tribological performances. The friction coefficient is between 0.57 and 0.67 at the brake speeds from 8 to 24 m·s?1. The brake is stable, and the wear rate is less than 2.02×10?6 cm3·J?1. These results show that the C/C-SiC brake composites are the promising candidates for advanced brake and clutch systems. Keywords: C/C-SiC; ceramic matrix composites; tribological properties; microstructure [This work was financially supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No.2006AA03Z560) and the Graduate Degree Thesis Innovation Foundation of Central South University (No.2008yb019).] 温压-原位反应法制备C / C-SiC刹车复合材料的工艺和性能 李专，肖鹏，熊翔 粉末冶金国家重点实验室，中南大学，湖南长沙410083，中国（收稿日期：2009年8月12日修订：2009年8月28日;接受日期：2009年9月2日） 摘要：采用温压?原位反应法制备炭纤维增强炭和碳化硅双基体(C/C-SiC)复合材
英文翻译与英文原文.陈--
翻译文献：INVESTIGATION ON DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF SLIDE UNIT IN MODULAR MACHINE TOOL （对组合机床滑台动态性能的调查报告） 文献作者：Peter Dransfield, 出处：Peter Dransfield, Hydraulic Control System-Design and Analysis of TheirDynamics, Springer-Verlag, 1981 翻译页数：p139—144 英文译文： 对组合机床滑台动态性能的调查报告 【摘要】这一张纸处理调查利用有束缚力的曲线图和状态空间分析法对组合机床滑台的滑动影响和运动平稳性问题进行分析与研究，从而建立了滑台的液压驱动系统一自调背压调速系统的动态数学模型。通过计算机数字仿真系统，分析了滑台产生滑动影响和运动不平稳的原因及主要影响因素。从那些中可以得出那样的结论，如果能合理地设计液压缸和自调背压调压阀的结构尺寸. 本文中所使用的符号如下： s1-流源，即调速阀出口流量； S el—滑台滑动摩擦力 R一滑台等效粘性摩擦系数： I1—滑台与油缸的质量 12—自调背压阀阀心质量 C1、c2—油缸无杆腔及有杆腔的液容； C2—自调背压阀弹簧柔度； R1, R2自调背压阀阻尼孔液阻， R9—自调背压阀阀口液阻 S e2—自调背压阀弹簧的初始预紧力； I4, I5—管路的等效液感 C5、C6—管路的等效液容： R5, R7-管路的等效液阻； V3, V4—油缸无杆腔及有杆腔内容积； P3, P4—油缸无杆腔及有杆腔的压力 F—滑台承受负载， V—滑台运动速度。本文采用功率键合图和状态空间分折法建立系统的运动数学模型，滑台的动态特性可以能得到显著改善。
英文文献及中文翻译
毕业设计说明书 英文文献及中文翻译 学院：专 2011年6月 电子与计算机科学技术软件工程
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金融专业英语
1.The 3 main functions of commercial banks: the creation of money accomplished through lending and investing activities the holding of deposits the provision of a mechanism for payments and transfers of funds 2.What are negotiable instruments? Negotiable Instruments are documents used in commerce to represent the ownership and secure the payment of money. 3.Why do we need negotiable instruments when making payments? Paying large sums of money in cash is inconvenient and risky. Negotiable Instruments such as Bills of Exchange, Cheques and Promissory Notes are wildly used as instruments in the international settlement. They represent a right to payment. A right is a promise and not a tangible piece of property. 4.What is a crossing? It is a direction to the paying bank that the money proceeds should be paid to the payee’s bank and not directly to the payee himself. General crossings: consisting of two transverse parallel lines across the face of the cheque. Special crossings: consisting of the name of a particular bank to which payment must be made, and the name itself is the crossing. 5.What is the most important difference between bills of exchange and promissory notes? 6.Why debit cards are named as “debit”cards? The amount of the purchase is immediately debited from the account and no credit is involved. 7. fiduciary /fi‘dju:?i?ri/ a. 受托的n.受托人 A company director owes a fiduciary duty to the company 7.The three most-commonly used means of international settlement: remittance collection documentary credit The other two means: standby L/C & bonds 9.A documentary collection gives greater security than settlement on open account, because the importer cannot take possession of the goods without either making payment or accepting a bill of exchange. The banks concerned are under no obligation to pay. 10.Can the exporter be sure at the time of dispatch of the goods that the buyer will actually pay the sum owed? No. So this form of settlement is therefore most appropriate in the following cases: if the exporter has no doubt about the buyer’s willingness and ability to pay; if the political, economic and legal environment in the importing country is considered to be stable;