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高中英语七选五技巧

高中英语七选五技巧
高中英语七选五技巧

高中英语七选五解题技巧(适用于全国卷)

一、命题特点。

1.文体多为说明文。文章结构严谨、脉络清晰、层次分明、逻辑性强。

2.特征:主要为总---分结构

第一部分:主题段(起承转合)

第二部分:如何做(方法,建议)

第三部分:希望或评价

3.选项句型不一,长短不同,七个备选项通常由短到长排列。

4.主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

依据挖空位置,可将题目分为段首题、段中题和段尾题;依据句子在文中的作用,可

分为“主旨概括句(涉及文章整体内容)”“过渡句(反映文章结构)”和“细节注释句(反映上下文的逻辑关系)”三个类型。

二、解题步骤。

重点:观察文章选项,有目的地回填

(一)根据位置确定不同的解题策略

1.在段首:通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的词,推断出主题句。也可能是小标题,注意短小精悍,结构一致。

2.在段中:要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案。先看前句,再看后句,最后把前后句结合。

3.在段尾:通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词,如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语,选项中也

可发现前文的同义词。先看前句,再看整段,最后看下句。

注意:先做段首、段尾题,缩小排查范围。因为段首和段尾是主题句或者总结句,具有鲜明的语言特征。把确定的选项划掉,养成做题思维和方法,提高做题的正确率。

(二)分析选项信息

总领句:能单独引出一个观点的句子(往往对应段首或者段尾)

细节句:有“密码词”的基本为细节句(对应段中句)

“密码词”包括逻辑词(so,but,however,because等);代词(it,they,this,that,another等);定冠词the。

注意:一个句子是总领或者细节句并不是唯一的,应该视具体情况而定。但是有“密码词”的句子很有可能是细节句。

(三)运用策略解决细节

1.关键词法

(1)指代

用代词指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念,巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。

(2)同词复现

在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系,主要是指同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。

双保险:上下文再核实一下

(3)同根词、同畴词

同根词是指词根相同意义相似的词。通常同词根的词有动词、形容词、副词和名词。

同畴词指一个范畴里的不同事物

(4)数字线索

包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇诸如ratio, rate等等。作者列出数字,除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外,还可以用数据来说明一个观点。

2.逻辑关系法

(1)转折对比关系:but, however, yet, while, still, nevertheless, or /otherwise, on the contrary, instead, in contrast / comparison 等

(2)并列关系:First(ly),Second(ly),...;First, then/next,...;In the first place, in the second place...; for one thing, for another thing ,...;then /next, finally/last 等。

(3)递进关系:too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover,what’s more, in addition, as well, not ...but..., not only ...but also等

(4)解释例证关系:for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words /that is to say 等

(5)因果关系:so/ therefore, thus, consequently, as a result (of), so/ such ...that ..., so that ...等

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