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英语文献综述傲慢与偏见中的婚姻观

英语文献综述傲慢与偏见中的婚姻观
英语文献综述傲慢与偏见中的婚姻观

On Jane Austen's View of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice

written by Zhu Mengxian

Abstract: Jane Austen's masterpiece Pride and Prejudice fully embodies her view of marriage. In the following, a brief review is given about her views on marriage by analysing several related articles.

Key words: Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice views of marriage

Introduction: Jane Austen humorously described different kinds of marriage relations in Pride and Prejudice. Until today, this novel is still very popular among many readers and arouses people's observation and unlimited thinking of marriage.

Review: It has been pointed out that Jane holds the view that love and marriage are associated with but not totally lie on the property and social status, the marriage which is based on the love is a true happy marriage. There are many articles to support this view. For example, one of researchers thought marriage and property and social status are interconnected, but marriage could not only depend on the property and the social status based on researching the four young couples' marriages in this novel which can be categorized into two groups according to their different marriage foundation, Simply one just like Charlotte — Collins and Lydia — Wickham is called unhappy marriage. The other one like Elizabeth —Darcy and Jane —Bingley is the opposite. “ She believed that marriage just for money was wrong, but marriage of no money was stupid.”

On the other hand, some papers have reported that Jane attaches great importance to ideal marriage and regards the feelings between men and women as the cornerstone of the ideal marriage. Austen fully expresses her views on love and marriage only by appreciating the marriage founded on the basis of mutual admiration, understanding and mutual respect. In Tang Chunhua’s paper, she considered that “ She believed that a husband not only need have certain number of family property but also must respect women, and at the same time there must be mutual understanding between them.” It happens that there is a similar case, Yu Hongen pointed out that Jane stresses that character is important than appearance in a marriage. “Austen believes that the person’s character is more important than appearance in the matter of a happy marriage.”“They have common in character and mutual appreciation, it is the most solid foundation that they can go into the marriage hall and toward a rational happiness.”

At the same time, it emphasizes the independence and dignity of women on the marital problems.

Conclusion: During her time, Jane's view was so advanced that it was not accepted widely. Until today, it still has important influence. Austen’s views on marriage and love are also suitable for our real social. We youth should make right marriage and love views to orient our lives. There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people’s eyes. In a word, we can find her idea about marriage from the analysis, marriage, property and social status interconnected, but not absolutely.

References

[1] 王歆.论简-奥斯汀在《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观【M】.2005.5

[2] 汤春华.分析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观【M】.2010.4

[3] 杨茜雯.论简-奥斯汀作品《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情与婚姻【M】.2009.5

[4] 于红恩.论《傲慢与偏见》的爱情观与婚姻观【M】.2012.2

小说《简爱》研究的文献综述

湖南工业大学硕士研究生课程考试试卷 考试科目:美术文献学课程编码:00412011 考试形式:开卷(开/闭卷)考试时间:分钟 适用年级:2012级学年学期:2012-2013 -1 考生学号:M12130500011 考生姓名:高翔考生专业:设计学 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 题目:结合自身专业特点和研究兴趣,自拟题目撰写一份文献综述。 要求:①文献综述必须包含引言、国内外研究现状和水平、结语和参考文献部分(参考文献部分要分门别类罗列); ②为该研究设计制作PPT一份,连同此文件word版本刻盘上交; ③注意排版规范,布局合理; ④行文逻辑严密,学术用语规范,语句通顺,标点符号准确。

文献综述 一、前言 《简·爱》(Jane Eyre)是十九世纪英国著名的女作家夏洛蒂·勃朗特的代表作,讲述一位从小变成孤儿的英国女子在各种磨难中不断追求自由与尊严,坚持自我,最终获得幸福的故事。人们普遍认为《简·爱》是夏洛蒂·勃朗特“诗意的生平写照”,是一部具有自传色彩的作品。 浪漫主义”来源于中世纪的传奇一词。最早使用是在18世纪的晚期,当时人们对古代的冒险离奇故事发生普遍的兴趣。以后人们就把那些同传奇故事、离奇遭遇、想象色彩相联系的事统统成为浪漫主义。浪漫主义通常包含两个涵义:一个涵义指一种创作方法,他同现实主义创作方法并存,即按照生活应该有的思想化的样子去描绘生活;另一种涵义是指18世纪末至19世纪上半叶盛行于欧洲各国的文学艺术思想。浪漫主义是文艺的基本创作方法之一,与现实主义同为文学艺术上的两大主要思潮。作为创作方法,浪漫主义在反映客观现实上侧重从主观内心世界出发,抒发对理想世界的热烈追求,常用热情奔放的语言、瑰丽的想象和夸张的手法来塑造形象。浪漫主义的创作倾向由来已久,早在人类的文学艺术处于口头创作时期,一些作品就不同程度地带有浪漫主义的因素和特色。但这时的浪漫主义既未形成思潮,又不是自觉为人们掌握的创作方法。 笔者想通过对浪漫主义的分析与探讨,分析《简·爱》中的一些浪漫主义的因素。作为十九世纪二三十年代的产物,《简·爱》和浪漫主义在同一个大环境中,彼此相互影响互相借鉴。《简·爱》中的很多场景描述,都有强烈的浪漫主义气息,不仅仅是从文学手法上,甚至是在描述的场景的色调,背景,冷暖度,角度以及人物表情上等等视觉因素上,都深受当时浪漫主义的影响。 二、国内外研究现状及水平 (一)国内 国内对《简·爱》研究,以文学作品中文学分析研究居多。现在社会越来越在偏向视觉效果,对多种文学作品的视觉效果分析,能更好的使一个文学作品展现在人们的面前,了解一个作品的时代,一个作品所属的时代风格,才能让读者以作者的视点去看一个作品,感同身受的去体会作品。 国内对《简·爱》相关研究的文献有:潘红的《夹缝里的风景——谈黄源深先生<简爱>译本的审美特点》,袁敏的《<傲慢与偏见>和<简爱>美学追求之比较》,李佳玉的《从<呼啸

傲慢与偏见婚姻观的开题报告

本科毕业论文(设计)开题报告书 题目浅析小说《傲慢与偏见》折射出 的婚姻决定因素及其现实影响

4.Conclusion

4.主要参考文献 [1]A usten. Pride and Prejudice[M]. Shanghai Sanlian Book store, 2010. [2]H e Xiaohua. On Marriage Standards in Pride and Prejudice[J]. Overseas English, 2010. [3]J iang Peiming. Between Romance and Realism: patterns of fulfillment in Ann Radcliffes? ,A Sicilian Romance? and Jane Austen?s ,Pride and Prejudice?[D]. The HKU Scholars Hub 1999. [4]L ina Widlund. A Comparative Analysis of the Marriage Ploy in JaneAusten?s Pride and Prejudice and Helen Fielding?s Bridget Jones?s Diary[D].- Cessay, 2004 [5]L i Xueqin, Zhang Yangyue. Views on Marriage and Happiness in Pride and Prejudice [J Overseas English, 2012. [6]L i Yuanyuan. Money and Marriage—attitudes towards love in pride and Prejudice[J]. Qin Congsuiyue, 2013. [7]M a Kun. Love and Marriage in Pride and Prejudice[J]. Overseas English, 2013. [8]M ei Zhixin. On Jane Austen?s Views on Marriage in Pride and Prejudice[J]. Overse English, 2013. [9]W ang Lili. An Analysis of Jane Austen?s Outlook on Marriage in Pride and Prejudice[J]. Overseas English, 2013. [10]Yao Manzhen. Money and Marriage—attitudes towards love in Pride and ]. Prejudice[J Science & Technology Information, 2011. [11]Zhao Wei, Xiao Lili. Marry for What: Different Attitudes Toward Marriage in Pride and Prejudice[J]. Kewai Yuedu, 2013. [12]Zhong Weixuan. Three Key Factors of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice[J]. Overse English, 2010. [13]陈艳, 孙娜. 重读傲慢与偏见,细读女性意识对婚姻观的影响[J]. 科教导刊,2013 第10 期. [14]董娜. 奥斯汀的爱情婚姻观—傲慢与偏见与爱玛中的爱情解析[J]. 山西广播电视大学学报,2013年第4期.

傲慢与偏见的婚姻观英文版

After reading the Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen,I am impressed deeply by the touching love story.She descripeed a truthful picture of her world,especially the love and marriage between ladies and gentlemen.Therefore,it is not only a love story but also the illisution of marriage in Batain at that time. Firstly, I want to say something about Charlotte Lucas, who is twenty-seven, Although Charlotte is a well-educated girl but she doesn't have much property.She isn't as beautiful as other girls. In order to make a living at that time, she can do nothing but to marry a man who has social status or is rich enough. So she chooses Mr. Collins as her husband, though he is a vulgar pompous clergyman based on excessive formality and overuse of high-level abstractions. What enables her to make a decision is the identity of Mr. Collins and the close relation between he and Catherine, noble family. It is obvious that there is no love between them. So she is very practical. The marriage is called "world marriage ". So does Mr. Benet. He saw nothing but the beauty of his wife when he was young. He had to accept another side of his wife after marriage. I reckon that they will not live a happy life before they get a child, because they don not have true love. As we all know, love can make our life more comfortable and happy. Besides, relation between Mr. Wickham and Lydia also develops in such a way. Lydia is the youngest daughter of the family, who is a dance-loving and pure girl. Attracted by the Mr. Wickham's charming appearance and disguised words, she ran away with him secretly. So silly is she that she does not realize the reason why he is glad to stay with her is that she is very young and he desires for sex as a man.Bodily needs build a bridge between them. Without of Darcy's help, it is hard to say he prefers to marry her. The marriage is called "ridiculous marriage ". Compared the people mentioned above, I show a special preference to the couple of Darcy. We regard their marriage as "admirable marriage ".They both love each other. Despite the first impression they leave on each other, they gradually change their attitudes towards each other and fall in love with each other. Time has already brought great changes since Lizebeath and Darcy met at the first time at the boll. Especially when she heard something unpleasant from Wickham, she was angry with what Darcy did. However, As time goes on, she knows the true image of the things, she tries to understanding him and clearly feels a warm heart beneath of the arrogant appearance. Darcy also change his attitude toward Lizebeath. He holds the idea that she is not as superficial as her mother.She is very self-confident and has numerous admirable qualities.With the help of appreciation and love,they married. As to Bingley and Jane, they don not experience as much as the couple of

红楼梦和傲慢与偏见的比较文献综述

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傲慢与偏见婚姻观

高级英语学期论文 汉语题目:《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观 姓名高娜娜 学号200804410620 年级08级本科6班 专业英语 2010年12月

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浅析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观与婚姻观

浅析《傲慢与偏见》中 的 爱情观和婚姻观 : 班级: 总计:18页 完成日期:2012年7月2日

目录 前言 (3) Abstract (5) 摘要 (6) 关键词 (7) 文献综述 (7) 1、《傲慢与偏见》爱情观与婚姻观研究 .. 7 1.1《傲慢与偏见》的爱情观 (7) 1.1.1奢华与享乐的爱情观 (7) 1.1.2与现实相结合的感情 (8) 1.1.3充满理智与浓厚感情的爱情 (8) 1.2《傲慢与偏见》的婚姻观 (9) 2、结论 (15) 随笔 (16) 参考文献 (19) 作者简介 (22)

前言 《傲慢与偏见》是英国小说家简奥斯汀的一部早期作品。 简?奥斯丁是英国小说史上最著名的女小说家之一,她的作品再现了18—19世纪之交的社会关系和风貌。她以女性特有的细腻和敏锐的洞察力,展现和描绘了小村镇里的人情世态,以及她周围小天地里中产阶级的绅士、淑女间的婚姻爱情风波。她的作品格调诙谐轻松,富于喜剧色彩。英国著名作家斯哥特称她为“英国摄政时期最明锐的观察家”。 简?奥斯丁擅长描写青年男女的感情纠葛和婚姻嫁娶,并着力刻画男人和女人感情和理智的冲突。其中最具代表性的作品就属《傲慢与偏见》。《傲慢与偏见》叙述了四桩不同的婚姻,并以这四条婚姻为主线,情节错综复杂地交织在一起。故事时而扑朔迷离,山穷水尽;时而又峰回路转,柳暗花明,误会百出,冲突迭起。在这部作品中,奥斯丁通过贝纳特太太对待五个女儿的终身大事的不同处理,展现出乡镇中产阶层家庭出身的少女对婚姻爱情问题的不同态度和取向,进而反映了作者本人的婚姻观,即为金钱、财产和地位因素而结婚是错误的,而结婚不考虑上述因素也是愚蠢的。奥斯丁用理性又刻薄的语言讽刺了那些只靠金钱来维护婚姻的人。小说男女主人公最后美好的结合,透露出奥斯丁对婚姻观念理想化的追求和诠释:她反对为金钱而结婚,反对把婚姻当儿戏;她强调理想婚姻的重要性,把男女双方真正的感情因素作为缔结理想婚姻的基石。

英语文献综述傲慢与偏见中的婚姻观

On Jane Austen's View of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice written by Zhu Mengxian Abstract: Jane Austen's masterpiece Pride and Prejudice fully embodies her view of marriage. In the following, a brief review is given about her views on marriage by analysing several related articles. Key words: Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice views of marriage Introduction: Jane Austen humorously described different kinds of marriage relations in Pride and Prejudice. Until today, this novel is still very popular among many readers and arouses people's observation and unlimited thinking of marriage. Review: It has been pointed out that Jane holds the view that love and marriage are associated with but not totally lie on the property and social status, the marriage which is based on the love is a true happy marriage. There are many articles to support this view. For example, one of researchers thought marriage and property and social status are interconnected, but marriage could not only depend on the property and the social status based on researching the four young couples' marriages in this novel which can be categorized into two groups according to their different marriage foundation, Simply one just like Charlotte — Collins and Lydia — Wickham is called unhappy marriage. The other one like Elizabeth —Darcy and Jane —Bingley is the opposite. “ She believed that marriage just for money was wrong, but marriage of no money was stupid.” On the other hand, some papers have reported that Jane attaches great importance to ideal marriage and regards the feelings between men and women as the cornerstone of the ideal marriage. Austen fully expresses her views on love and marriage only by appreciating the marriage founded on the basis of mutual admiration, understanding and mutual respect. In Tang Chunhua’s paper, she considered that “ She believed that a husband not only need have certain number of family property but also must respect women, and at the same time there must be mutual understanding between them.” It happens that there is a similar case, Yu Hongen pointed out that Jane stresses that character is important than appearance in a marriage. “Austen believes that the person’s character is more important than appearance in the matter of a happy marriage.”“They have common in character and mutual appreciation, it is the most solid foundation that they can go into the marriage hall and toward a rational happiness.” At the same time, it emphasizes the independence and dignity of women on the marital problems. Conclusion: During her time, Jane's view was so advanced that it was not accepted widely. Until today, it still has important influence. Austen’s views on marriage and love are also suitable for our real social. We youth should make right marriage and love views to orient our lives. There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people’s eyes. In a word, we can find her idea about marriage from the analysis, marriage, property and social status interconnected, but not absolutely. References [1] 王歆.论简-奥斯汀在《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观【M】.2005.5

《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观

浅谈《傲慢与偏见》中地婚姻观 摘要:《傲慢与偏见》是英国女小说家简.奥斯丁地代表作之一.在这本小说中,一共描述了五桩不同地婚姻,通过这五桩婚姻折射 出了作者地婚姻观念:完美地婚姻应当建立在爱情和物质地基础上. 关键词:《傲慢与偏见》;简·奥斯丁;婚姻观; 简·奥斯丁<1775-1817),生长于英国南部有文化教养地牧师 家庭,在她一生四十多个年头里,完成了六部作品——《理智与情感》、《傲慢与偏见》、《诺桑觉寺》、《曼斯斐尔德庄园》、《爱玛》以及《劝导》.在这六部作品中,《傲慢与偏见》是极具 代表性也是最为大家所熟知地作品.小说中,简·奥斯丁描述了各 种不同地婚姻关系,班纳特夫妇地相互煎熬、柯林斯牧师与夏绿蒂·卢卡斯地利益交换、韦翰与丽迪雅地情欲放纵、吉英与彬格 莱两情相悦、达西与伊丽莎白完美结合.通过这五桩婚姻关系也反映出作者地婚恋观:婚姻中只是因为对方地财富和地位而结婚,虽然理智,但是错误;另外,在结婚地时候不考虑对方地经济基础也 是得不到幸福地. 一、《傲慢与偏见》中地婚姻关系 1、班纳特夫妇:表面上很幸福美满,实际上在相互煎熬 班纳特夫妇一家住在浪搏恩村,班纳特先生地年收入是两千镑, 而班纳特太太在年轻地时候也是小有姿色,这样地结合在外人看来应当是一桩幸福美满地婚姻,可谓是“郎财女貌”.但是,在结婚之

后,班纳特先生才发现他们两人地性格是天壤之别,并且是话不投机半句多.班纳特先生本是一个性格古怪地人,一方面喜欢开玩笑,挖苦别人,他讥笑班纳特太太比她所有女儿都漂亮,或许彬格莱先生会挑中她;另一方面却是不拘言笑,捉摸不定,当所有人都以为他不会去拜访彬格莱先生地时候,他却是第一批去拜访彬格莱先生地人.相对于班纳特先生,班纳特太太则是一个智力贫乏,喜怒无常地女人,稍有不顺心就认为他人不体谅她地神经衰弱.在她不知道班纳特先生已经去拜访了彬格莱先生之前,她非常地生气,但是得知班纳特先生已经拜访过彬格莱先生地时候,马上又乌云转晴,不断地称赞她地丈夫,喜怒之色,流于言表.由于两人在结婚地时候只注重金钱和美貌,而忽略了双方之间性格地相差甚远,导致他们地婚姻长久以来只是为了维系道德而存在,事实上婚姻中地两人却是相互折磨,互相煎熬. 2、柯林斯夫妇:金钱上地婚姻,为了迎合双方地利益 柯林斯牧师在《傲慢与偏见》中是一个极具喜剧色彩地人物,他作为班纳特姐妹们地远方表兄,同时作为班纳特家财产地唯一男性继承人,为了减少班纳特家地损失,所以决定娶一位班纳特小姐为自己地妻子.首先,柯林斯牧师向吉英求婚,由于彬格莱地关系,吉英拒绝了他地求婚,于是柯林斯牧师马上转向伊丽莎白,他自以为女性在受到求婚时都会比较含蓄,言行不一,虽然伊丽莎白一再拒绝他,他却将其当作鼓励他地话语,直到最后才发现伊丽莎白根本没有答应他地意思.受到两次拒绝地柯林斯牧师并没有气馁,在他

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考 文献应不少于15篇(不包括辞典、手册),其中至少应包 括5-8篇外文资料。对于重要得参考文献应附原件复印件, 作为附件装订在开题报告的最后。 4.统一用A4纸,并装订单独成册,随《毕业设计论 文》等资料装入文件袋中。 篇二:论文开题报告范文 毕业设计(论文)开题报告 题目:简·奥斯汀与弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙的女性主义思想的比较分析 学院:外国语学院专业:英语学生姓名:学号: XX04010320 指导教师: XX年 3 月 12 日 开题报告填写要求 1.开题报告(含“文献综述”)作为毕业论文答辩委员会对学生答辩资格审查的依据材料之一。此报告应在(转自:小草范文网:傲慢与偏见开题报告范文)指导教师指导下,由学生在毕业论文工作前期内完成,经指 导教师签署意见及所在专业审查后生效。

傲慢与偏见文献综述教程文件

1 Introduction The main story of the novel happens between Elizabeth Bennet and Darcy. Although, it seems that, they haven’t attracted anyone’s eyes. We all know that at the first ball, when Lizzy asked Mr Darcy to have a dance. He refused. He didn’t think that anyone at the village can deserve him. After this, Lizzy promised not to pay attention to him any more because of his pride. At last, when everything comes to light Lizzy regretted. She found that she had misunderstood Darcy. And Darcy had although changed. He made an offer of marriage to her again and was accepted. No pride and no prejudice are between them. The novel also reflected the author oneself's marriage view: It is wrong to marry for the property, money and position. She emphasizes the importance of the ideal marriage, and regard men and women's emotion as the foundation stone which concludes the ideal marriage . Just because Pride and Prejudice, I have a profound thinking about marriage. The writer uses intelligent words to depict a few different marriages in the book, each of which reflects people's attitudes toward marriage in that time. We can comprehend the essence of Jane and Bingley’s marriage, Elizabeth and Darcy’s marriage , Lydia and Wickham’s marriage and Charlotte and Collins’s marriage through Elizabeth’s views. Through the wise heroine, we see marriage description. To marry for wealth and beauty is wrong. This kind of marriage cannot retain long-term happiness, and truly happy marriage is based on love and sense. 2 The analysis o f Elizabeth’s character Elizabeth Bennet is a person worthy of our imitation. She is a model because she is different from all the other characters, except Darcy, and because she does not adhere rigidly to the standards set forth by society, she is self-reliant and independent. Elizabeth rejects Mr. Collin's proposal because she does not think that marriage was boring, nor does she believe in marriage of convenience. When Mr. Collins says arrogantly to Elizabeth, she politely refused him. Unlike Charlotte Lucas, Elizabeth would never violate her principle and her integrity and throw away her talents by

浅析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情与婚姻观

浅析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情与婚姻观 内容提要:本文浅析简奥斯汀的独特婚恋观,展现作者对于爱情与婚姻之间关系的理解,从而在一定程度上反映19世纪当时 的人们对于爱情与婚姻的态度。 关键词:爱情婚姻关系傲慢偏见理想婚姻 简奥斯汀(1775-1817)是英国著名的现实主义作家之一,也是英国文学史上第一位伟大的女性作家。她出生于英国南部一个小镇的中产阶级家庭。简奥斯汀并没有受过过多的学校教育,不过由于父亲的职业是牧师,并曾就读于牛津大学,家里藏书丰厚。从小她就大量涉猎各类书籍,获益匪浅。15岁时,她便开始写短剧、小品试笔,娱乐家人;20岁左右开始写作,共发表了6部长篇小说;21岁完成的小说已济身英国文坛最佳作品行列。她一生没有结婚,同父母和姐姐生活在一起,去世时还不满42岁。小说中有现实生活中的原型,大都是苏格兰乡村和邻近地区中产阶级的生活,接触到的是中小地主、牧师等人物以及他们恬静、舒适的生活环境,且奥斯汀的小说均为爱情故事,因此她的作品里没有重大的社会矛盾。她的小说多数是活泼、聪慧的少女形象,个个个性鲜明,充满理性。她以其独特的女性观察力细致入微,独特的视觉角度,细致的描绘了一幅英国18世纪末到19世纪初乡绅家庭女性的婚姻和生活。 简奥斯汀的写作可分为三个时期。第一个时期从1795年到1798

年,主要作品有。第二个时期从1789年到1811年,主要作品有。第三个时期从1811年到1816年,主要作品有。 其中《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯汀的早期作品,也是她具有写作特色的代表作。作者曾说过这部小说是她的“宝贝儿”—“轻快、明亮、耀眼夺目”。小说中的女主人公伊丽莎白聪敏机智,有胆识,有远见,拥有很强的自尊心,并善于思考问题,在爱情问题上有独立的主见。男主人公达西先生出身名门,家境富裕,聪明潇洒,却自视颇高,傲慢无礼,但是勇于追求爱情。伊丽莎白的姐姐简则内心淳朴,是五个班纳特小姐中最漂亮的老大,但个性较内敛,往往隐藏自己的感情,不善于表达。而宾利先生是一个感情含蓄、不善言表的绅士。小说中另外两个重要的人物是班纳特夫妇。班纳特先生思维敏捷,老谋深算,经常嘲讽妻子,并对家事不甚关心。班纳特太太则与丈夫相反,她肤浅、无知、喜怒无常,非常现实,对女儿们的婚事操心费神。 《傲慢与偏见》这部小说主要讲述的是小乡绅班纳特有五个待字闺中的千金,班纳特太太整天操心着为女儿物色称心如意的丈夫。新来的邻居宾利是个有钱的单身汉,他立即成了班纳特太太追猎的目标。在一次舞会上,宾利对班纳特家的大女儿简一见钟情,班纳特太太为此欣喜若狂。参加舞会的还有宾利的好友达西。他仪表堂堂,非常富有。许多姑娘纷纷向他投去羡慕的目光;但他非常骄傲,认为她们都不配做他的舞伴,其中包括简的妹妹伊丽莎白。伊丽莎白自尊心

浅析《傲慢与偏见》中的女性主义

浅析《傲慢与偏见》中体现的女性主义 摘要:随着时代的发展,女性主义越来越引起人们的关注。作为一名早期的女性主义作家,简·奥斯汀在代表作《傲慢与偏见》中表现了她追求男女平等的思想并以独特的女性视角表现了女性在婚姻中的地位,因而她的作品对研究女性主义有重要意义。 一.时代背景 奥斯丁生活的时代,妇女普遍被歧视,人们认为妇女在智力上低于男人。尽管资本主义制度已经确立, 但是封建主义仍旧根深蒂固,世袭贵族和中产阶级并存。正如《傲慢与偏见》所揭露的那样, 男女根本不平等。贝内特姐妹由于继承法规定财产归最近的男亲戚所继承, 她们将在父亲死后变得一文不名。奥斯丁笔下的少女们, 在平日里并没有广阔的活动范围, 她们只能待在家里, 或偶尔去拜访一下朋友, 或由父母陪伴去参加一个舞会。她们没有工作, 社会和家庭也不需要她们工作,她们只能通过婚姻改变自己的命运。伊丽莎白的婚姻观充分表现了奥斯丁所推崇的理想模式,在她与达西的交往中,始终坚持着自己人格的平等和尊严,把高尚的情操、情感的需要视为人生价值和人生幸福的一个重要组成部分。这种婚姻态度的心理基础正是对个人幸福的追求,对人格尊严、平等独立的坚持。所以奥斯丁笔下的理想婚姻包括双方相互的理解、尊重、平等和自由,正是这些品质,人们才有可能超越家长制的束缚,实现自我。 二、对人格平等的追求 女权主义思想的核心是抗议现实父权社会对女性的奴役,强调妇女应具有与男性平等的权利和地位,呼吁女性不应受制于男性社会,而应当以自己的最佳状态来估价自己作为女性应有的存在价值,颠覆现存的父权社会的不合理性,确立并提高妇女的社会地位,凸现妇女不可忽视、不可取代的社会价值。奥斯汀追求男女的平等,尤其是人格的平等。奥斯汀的观点显然是通过女主人公伊丽莎白进行阐释的。书中的女主人公伊丽莎白出身于小地主家庭,为富豪子弟达西所热爱。达西不顾门第和财富的差距,向她求婚,却遭到拒绝。伊丽莎白对他的误会和偏见是一个原因,但主要的是她讨厌他的傲慢。因为达西的这种傲慢实际上是地位差异的反映,只要存在这种傲慢,他与伊丽莎白之间就不可能有共同的思想感情,也不可能有理想的婚姻。以后伊丽莎白亲眼观察了达西的为人处世和一系列所作所为,特别是看到他改变了过去那种骄傲自负的神态,消除了对他的误会和偏见,从而与他缔结了美满姻缘。伊丽莎白对达西先后几次求婚的不同态度,实际上反映了女性对人格独立和平等权利的追求。 三、真挚的姐妹情谊 姐妹情谊是女性主义者所强调的,女性主义者提倡妇女们要互相支持、亲如姐妹,这一点在《傲慢与偏见》中有充分的体现。在《傲慢与偏见》中就可以看到女性之间种种深厚的情谊。女主人公伊丽莎白对姐姐吉英的深厚情谊让读者为之感动。吉英去彬格莱家做客,路上遇到大雨,结果病倒在主人家。为了能看到亲爱的姐姐,伊丽莎白独自一人在泥泞的路上走了三英里,到达尼日斐花园。作为一个年轻的小姐,她的这一举动是非常不合时宜的,而她顾不得尴尬一心只关心吉英的病情。其实伊丽莎白对吉英的关心更体现在对姐姐与彬格莱的爱情方面,因为她认为吉英如此地善良,应该找到幸福的归宿。但恰恰是达西试图破坏他们之间的爱情。所以当达西向伊丽莎白求婚时,她激动地说到:“一个毁了我最亲爱的姐姐的幸福,甚至永远毁了她的幸福的人,怎么会打动我的心去爱他呢?”由此可见她是多么重视姐妹之间的情谊,甚至在某种程度上超过了她对爱情的期待。 四、经济问题对女性的束缚 奥斯汀在《傲慢与偏见》中对女性在父权社会中的地位问题进行了细致地描述并提出了独特的见解。她意识到了妇女的经济地位决定妇女的社会地位,从而对经济问题女性在婚姻中

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