2012年11月汉译英真题

Passage 1

中国是一个发展中国家。多年来，中国在致力于自身发展的同时，始终坚持向经济困难的其他发展中国家提供力所能及的援助，承担相应国际义务。

中国仍量力而行，尽力开展对外援助，帮助受援国增强自主发展能力，丰富和改善人民生活，促进经济发展和社会进步。中国的对外援助，发展巩固了与广大发展中国家的友好关系和经贸合作，推动了南南合作，为人类社会共同发展作出了积极贡献。

中国对外援助坚持平等互利，注重实效，与时俱进，不附带任何政治条件，形成了具有自身特色的模式。

中国的对外援助政策具有鲜明的时代特征，符合自身国情和受援国发展需要。国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口多、底子薄、经济发展不平衡。发展仍然是中国长期面临的艰巨任务，这决定了中国的对外援助属于南南合作范畴，是发展中国家间的相互帮助。

中国对外援助政策坚持平等互利、共同发展、坚持与时俱进。

当前，全球发展环境依然十分严峻。国际金融危机影响尚未消退，气候变化、粮食危机、能源资源安全、流行性疾病等全球性问题给发展中国家带来新的挑战，新形势下，中国对外援助事业任重道远。中国政府将着力优化对外援助结构，提高对外援助质量，进一步增强受援国自主发展能力，提高援助的针对性和实效性。中国作为国际社会的重要成员，将一如既往地推进南南合作，在经济不断发展的基础上逐步加大对外援助投入，与世界各国一道，推动实现联合国千年发展目标，为建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界而不懈努力。

参考译文：

China is a developing country. Over the years, while focusing on its own development, China has been providing aid to the best of its ability to other developing countries with economic difficulties, and fulfilling its due international obligations.

China remains a developing country with a low per-capita income and a large poverty-stricken population. In spite of this, China has been doing its best to provide foreign aid, to help recipient countries to strengthen their self-development capacity, enrich and improve their peoples’ livelihood, and promote their economic growth and social progress. Through foreign aid, China has consolidated friendly relations and economic and trade cooperation with other developing countries,

promoted South-South cooperation and contributed to the common development of mankind.

Adhering to equality and mutual benefit, stressing substantial results, and keeping pace with the times without imposing any political conditions on recipient countries, China’s foreign aid has emerged as a model with its own characteristics.

China’s foreign aid policy adheres to equality, mutual benefit and common development, and keeps pace with the times.

China’s foreign aid policy has distinct characteristics of the times. It is suited both to China’s actual conditions and the needs of the recipient countries. China has been constantly enriching, improving and developing the Eight Principles for Economic Aid and Technical Assistance to Other Countries — the guiding principles of China’s foreign aid put forward in the 1960s. China is the world’s largest developing country, with a large population, a poor foundation and uneven economic development. As development remains an arduous and long-standing task, China’s foreign aid falls into the category of South-South cooperation and is mutual help between developing countries.

Currently, the environment for global development is not favor-able. With the repercussions of the international financial crisis continuing to linger, global concerns such as climate change, food crisis, energy and resource security, and epidemic of diseases have brought new challenges to developing countries

Against this background, China has a long way to go in providing foreign aid. The Chinese government will make efforts to optimize the country’s foreign aid structure, improve the quality of foreign aid, further increase recipient countries’ capacity in independent development, and improve the pertinence and effectiveness of foreign aid. As an important member of the international community, China will continue to promote South-South cooperation, as it always has done, gradually increase its foreign aid input on the basis of the continuous development of its economy, promote the realization of the UN Millennium Development Goals, and make unremitting efforts to build, together with other countries, a prosperous and harmonious world with lasting peace.

Passage 2

作为远古人类留给我们的宝贵的文化遗产，岩画堪称是记载人类早期社会生活的百科全书，它不仅传承着源远流长的古代文明，也是史前人类文化、宗教、民俗以及原始艺术史的见证。

在世界上，中国岩画是诞生最早、分布最广、内容最丰富的国家之一，而贺兰山又是华夏土地上遗存最集中、题材最广泛、保存最完好的岩画地区之一。在贺兰山腹地，共发现20余处遗存岩画，其中最具代表性的是贺兰山贺兰口岩画。

贺兰山岩画在山口内外分布着近6000幅岩画，其中罕为人见的人面像岩画就有70幅之多。据考证，贺兰山口岩画是不同时期先后刻制的，大多为北方游牧民族创作.岩画造型粗犷稚拙、构图朴实自然，牛、马、驴、鹿、鸟、虎等动物栩栩如生，各种人头的造型同样是千奇百态。凭着自己对社会现实的理解与感悟，对美好生活的追求与向往，把自己的亲身感受与体验，忠实地记录在岩石之上，同时也为后人留下了神秘瑰丽的贺兰山岩画。

有学者说贺兰口是史前人类凭借自然魅力打造的祭祀圣地，又有专家认为，贺兰口岩画是象形文字前的图画文字，在文字没有发明前，这里的人们艰难地把他们的理想、愿望、欢乐、悲伤，通过岩画的形式表现出来。于是，在亘古不变的贺兰山上，写就了一部史前人类的“天书”。

1. 英译汉第一篇：节选自The New York Times，原文标题为：Where Shakespeare Slept, or So They Say Tucked away in this small village in Buckinghamshire County is the former Elizabethan coaching inn where William Shakespeare is said to have penned part of "A Midsummer Night's Dream."

Dating from 1534, the inn, now called Shakespeare House, is thought to have been built as a Tudor hunting lodge. Later it became a stop for travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born and buried.

It was "Brief Lives," a 17th-century collection of biographies by John Aubrey, that linked Shakespeare to the inn, saying that he had stayed there and drawn inspiration for the comedy while in the village.

One of the current owners, Nick Underwood, said the local lore goes even further: "It is also said he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of the house on April 23 every year -- the date he is said to have

been born and to have died."

"In later years, the house later became a farmhouse, with 150 acres of land, but, over time, pieces were sold off," Mr. Underwood said. "In the 20th century, it was owned by two American families." Now, he and his co-owner, Roy Elsbury, have put the seven-bedroom property on the market at ￡1.375 million, or $2.13 million.

Despite its varied uses and renovations over the years, the 4,250-square-foot, or 395-square-meter, inn has retained so much of its original character that the organization English Heritage lists it as a Grade II* property, indicating that it is particularly important and of "more than special interest." Only 27 percent of the 1,600 buildings on the organization's register have this designation.

"We knew of the house before we bought it and were very excited when it came up for sale. It is so unusual to find an Elizabethan property of this size, in this area, and when we saw it, we absolutely fell in love with it," Mr. Underwood said. "We have taken great pleasure in working on it and living here. This house is all about the history."

In addition to being the owners' home, the property currently is run as a luxury guest house, with rooms rented for ￡99 to ￡250 a night.

In the main house, these include the Shakespeare Suite, Puck's Room, Oberon's Room and Titania's Bower. Each bedroom has an individual décor, with some featuring vaulted ceilings and beams and others with paneled walls and stripped wood floors. There also are five bathrooms.

"The Shakespeare Suite is in the older part of the house and is really the master bedroom. We have decorated it using lots of antique silk," Mr. Underwood said. "We do not use the small room with the oriel window, which Shakespeare is said to have used, for guests, as we want to preserve it as much as possible."

A separate structure, which was converted into the 1,865-square-foot, four-bedroom Playwright's Barn, is on the market for ￡575,000. Planning permission also has been granted for a new building on part of the site, a plot of land that is also available for sale separately.

"Shakespeare House is a wonderful example of Elizabethan architecture," said Dean Heaviside, the national sales director of Fine real estate agency, which is representing the owners. "It has been

beautifully restored and offers a unique lifestyle, which brings a taste of the past together with modern-day comfort. It is rare to find a home like this on the market."

2. 英译汉第二篇：同样节选自The New York Times，原文标题为：In Greenland, Ice and Instability

The ancient frozen dome cloaking Greenland is so vast that pilots have crashed into what they thought was a cloud bank spanning the horizon. Flying over it, you can scarcely imagine that it could erode fast enough to dangerously raise sea levels any time soon.

Along the flanks in spring and summer, however, the picture is very different. For an increasing number of warm years, a network of blue lakes and rivulets of melt-water has been spreading ever higher on the icecap.

The melting surface darkens, absorbing up to four times as much energy from the sun as snow, which reflects sunlight. Natural drainpipes called moulins carry water from the surface into the depths, in some places reaching bedrock.

The process slightly, but measurably, lubricates and accelerates the grinding passage of ice towards the sea.

Most important, many glaciologists say, is the break-up of huge semi-submerged clots of ice where some large Greenland glaciers, particularly along the west coast, squeeze through fiords as they meet the warming ocean. As these passages have cleared, this has sharply accelerated the flow of many of these creeping, corrugated and frozen rivers.

Some glaciologists fear that the rise in seas in a warming world could be much greater than the upper estimate of about 60 centimetres this century made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change last year. (Seas rose less than 30 centimetres last century.)

The panel's assessment did not include factors known to contribute to ice flows but not understood well enough to estimate with confidence.

A scientific scramble is under way to clarify whether the erosion of the world's most vulnerable ice sheets, in Greenland and west Antarctica, can continue to accelerate. The effort involves field and satellite analyses and sifting for clues from past warm periods.

3. 汉译英第一篇：节选自《中国的对外援助》白皮书

中国是一个发展中国家。多年来，中国在致力于自身发展的同时，

始终坚持向经济困难的其他发展中国家提供力所能及的援助，承担相应国际义务。

中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口多、底子薄、经济发展不平衡。发展仍然是中国长期面临的艰巨任务，这决定了中国的对外援助属于南南合作范畴，是发展中国家间的相互帮助。

4. 汉译英第二篇：节选自中国地域文化介绍《魅力翘楚贺兰山》

作为远古人类留给我们的宝贵的文化遗产，岩画堪称是记载人类早期社会生活的百科全书，它不仅传承着源远流长的古代文明，也是史前人类文化、宗教、民俗以及原始艺术史的见证。

在世界上，中国岩画是诞生最早、分布最广、内容最丰富的国家之一，而贺兰山又是华夏土地上遗存最集中、题材最广泛、保存最完好的岩画地区之一。

仅在贺兰山口处，就分布着近6000幅岩画，据专家考证，这些岩画大多为北方游牧民族创作，其中包括栩栩如生的各类动物画像和千奇百态的人面像，造型粗犷、稚拙、构图朴实、自然。

Where Shakespeare Slept, or So They Say

Tucked away in this small village in Buckinghamshire County is the former Elizabethan coaching inn where William Shakespeare is said to have penned part of "A Midsummer Night's Dream."白金汉郡一座小村落深处，有一所伊丽莎白时期的车马驿站，据说莎士比亚曾在这里执笔创作了“仲夏夜之梦”的部分篇章。

Dating from 1534, the inn, now called Shakespeare House, is thought to have been built as a Tudor hunting lodge. Later it became a stop for

travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born and buried.这座现被称之为“莎士比亚之屋”的建筑，初建于1534年，是都铎时期打猎者的栖息地。后来这里成了伦敦与斯特拉特福路途中往返过客的歇脚之地。埃文河畔斯特拉特福是莎士比亚生命开始与结束的地方。

It was "Brief Lives," a 17th-century collection of biographies by John Aubrey, that linked Shakespeare to the inn, saying that he had stayed there and drawn inspiration for the comedy while in the village.17世纪约翰·奥布里编写的传记合集中提到：正是这短促的逗留，让莎士比亚与这所驿站有了交集，莎士比亚在这座小村期间就暂住于此，并在这里找到《仲夏夜之梦》的创作灵感。

One of the current owners, Nick Underwood, said the local lore goes even further: "It is also said he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of

the house on April 23 every year -- the date he is said to have been born and to have died."尼克·安德伍德是房屋现在的主人之一，他说当地的流言更加夸

张：“据说，每逢4月23日，就会有人看到莎士比亚的身影出现在房屋顶层的壁窗。相传4月23日是莎士比亚的出生之日，也是他的逝世之日。”

"In later years, the house later became a随后，这所建筑变成了供150英亩农

田使用的农舍。时过境迁，农田被

farmhouse, with 150 acres of land, but, over time, pieces were sold off," Mr. Underwood said. "In the 20th century, it was owned by two American families." Now, he and his co-owner, Roy

Elsbury, have put the seven-bedroom property on the market at ￡1.375 million, or $2.13 million.分割变卖。安德伍德称，“在他之前，房屋由两个美国家庭占有“。现在他和房屋的共同主人罗伊·艾斯布雷打算将这座有7间卧房的房屋以137.5万英镑（213万美元）的市价出售。

Despite its varied uses and renovations over the years, the 4,250-square-foot, or 395-square-meter, inn has retained so much of its original character that the organization English Heritage lists it as a Grade II* property, indicating that it is particularly important and of "more than

special interest." Only 27 percent of the 1,600 buildings on the organization's register have this designation.房屋面积4,250平方英尺（395平方米），多年来，这座建筑的用途几经变更，但驿站依旧未改它最原始的风格。英国文化遗产保护组织将其列为二级文物，这说明该座建的重要性非同小可，且具有不同寻常的迷人之处。该组织认证的1600座建筑中，仅有27%的建筑享有此等殊荣。

We knew of the house before we bought it and were very excited when it came up for sale. It is so unusual to find an Elizabethan property of this size, in this area, and when we saw it, we absolutely fell in love with it," Mr. Underwood said. "We have taken great pleasure in working on it and living here. This house is all about the history."”我们先前就留意到这座房屋，后来得知它要出售的消息，我们兴奋极了。要在这块儿地方找到一座这般大小的伊丽莎白时期建筑实非易事，我们一见到它就深深爱上它了，“安德伍德先生说道，”在这里干活儿，在这里生活，我们非常享受。“这座房屋处处都是历史。

In addition to being the owners' home, the property currently is run as a luxury guest house, with rooms rented for ￡99 to ￡250 a night.目前，这里除了是房屋主人的居所外，还是供人住宿的豪华客房，房间租住价格从一晚99英镑到250英镑不等。

"Shakespeare House is a wonderful example of Elizabethan architecture," said Dean Heaviside, the national sales director of Fine real estate agency,which is representing the owners. "It has been beautifully restored and offers a

unique lifestyle, which brings a taste of the past together with modern-day comfort. It is rare to find a home like this on the market."迪恩·海维塞德是高端房地产机构全国销售总监，他从买房者的角度分析说，”‘莎士比亚之屋’极好的展现了伊丽莎白时期建筑的特色。房屋修缮精美，能让人们从中体味到古典韵味与现代舒适相结合的独特生活方式。市面上很难找到像这样的房屋。“

passage two

In Greenland, Ice and Instability

by Andrew C. Revkin, excerpt from The New York Times January 8, 2008

The ancient frozen dome cloaking Greenland is so vast that pilots have crashed into what they thought was a cloud bank spanning the horizon. Flying over it, you can scarcely imagine that it could erode fast enough to dangerously raise sea 格林兰岛被广袤的原始冰层所笼罩，飞行员曾将冰层误认为地平线上隆起的云堤迎头相撞。飞越冰岛，你很难想象冰层被侵蚀的速度会如此之快，似乎冰岛随时都有被海水淹没的危

levels any time soon.险。

Along the flanks in spring and summer, however, the picture is very different. For an increasing number of warm years, a network of blue lakes and rivulets of melt-water has been spreading ever higher on the icecap.值初春夏末之际，格陵兰岛却呈现出一幅截然不同的景象。由于连续多年气候变暖，蓝色湖泊与融水溪流交织的水网在冰盖之上越漫越广。

The melting surface darkens, absorbing up to four times as much energy from the sun as snow, which reflects sunlight. Natural drainpipes called moulins carry water from the surface into the depths, in some places reaching bedrock.积雪可折射太阳光，而融化处表面的颜色变深，吸收的太阳热量是积雪表面吸收热量的四倍。冰臼像天然的排水管道将融化的雪水从表面灌向底层，有些区域一直通向基岩。

The process slightly, but measurably, lubricates and accelerates the grinding passage of ice towards the sea.这一过程对冰层向海水的倾斜起到催化加速的作用。进程虽然缓慢，但却视之可见。

Most important, many glaciologists say, is the

break-up of huge semi-submerged clots of ice where some large Greenland glaciers, particularly along the west coast, squeeze through fiords as they meet the warming ocean. As these passages have cleared, this has sharply accelerated the flow of many of these creeping, corrugated and frozen rivers.多名冰川学家称，最严重的问题是，因遇到海洋暖流，格林兰岛上的大块冰山挤过海湾之时，会引发大块半漂浮冰层的断裂，尤其是在西部沿海区域。冰山活动明显，极大地为诸多蜿蜒褶皱的冰流推波助澜。

Some glaciologists fear that the rise in seas in a warming world could be much greater than the upper estimate of about 60 centimetres this century made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change last year. (Seas rose less than 30 centimetres

last century.)部分冰川学家担心，全球变暖环境下，海平面上升的高度将远远超过政府间气候变化专门委员会去年预测的涨幅上限--60厘米。（上世纪，海平面已上涨近30厘米。）

The panel's assessment did not include factors known to contribute to ice flows but not understood well enough to estimate with confidence. SCIENTIFIC scramble is under way to clarify whether the erosion of the world's most vulnerable ice sheets, in Greenland and west Antarctica, can continue to accelerate. The effort involves field and satellite analyses and sifting for clues from past warm periods,专家委员会的评估中没有涵盖所有已知的影响冰川流动的因素，也没有充分掌握如何进行准确评估的方法。目前正有科学研究对格林兰岛和南极大陆上最薄弱的冰层予以观察，以弄清楚冰层的侵蚀现象是否会继续加快。研究包括现场和卫星勘测分析以及对历史阶段变暖时期研究纪录的筛查。

Things are definitely far more serious than anyone would have thought five years ago.与五年之前人们的预想相比，显而易见，目前事态更加严重。

英语汉译英翻译

Unit 1 1.餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。 The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small business. 2.他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力，集科学家和实业家的品质于一身。 His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist. 3.像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代。这一现象在流动作业的行业中表现得尤为明显。 We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with workplace, which is quite obvious among the mobile professions. 4.显然，任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为，需要找一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人。 Plainly, in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything, and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others. 5.没有任何人愿意再过那种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了。No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else’s approval, at someone else’s mercy. 6.人们渴望一种成就感，渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情。 The human being longs for a sense of accomplishment, and being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind and with his will. 7.政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失。 The government hopes that the sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its lose. 8.现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业，而不是他们所生活的社区来界定。

历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案

历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案 原文： 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。 译文： An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 解析： 本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一

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12年11月三级真题技能答案 1-10 ABC ABD BCD C C BD B BCD ABC D B 11-20 AD ABC D B A ABC D BCD B AC BD 21-30 ABC D AB CD ABC D AC B ABC D BD B BC 31-40 D ABC D C BC D C ACD B D AD A 41-50 ABC D ABC A A ABD ABC D AC C A 51-60 CD B D ABD BCD ABC D AB ABC ABC AB 61-70 B C D AC ABC D D ABC D A D 71-80 C D AB D AC CD B AC A ABD 81-90 BCD BD A BC AB ACD AC AC AC ACD 91-100 C ABC AC D BC AB BCD B BC AC

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