新编大学英语教案book1-unit1

Unit 1 Book 1 Personal Relationships

I. Background information

The Vietnam War

The Vietnam War (1954-1975) is a long civil war between South Vietnam and the Vietcong and North Vietnam, ending in Communist victory.

The United States was fully involved in the Vietnam War, which had a deep and lasting effect on US society and on the way that Americans thought about their own country. Military failures and loss of public support eventually forced the government to bring US forces back from Vietnam in 1973. American people have very divided feelings about the war.Many Vietnam Veterans feel angry because they were made to fight, and because they were not praised for their courage when they came home, but were sometimes criticized by people who opposed the war.

II. Preparation activities.

Brainstorming : Tell the class any words you know to describe the qualities of a true friend.

III. In-class reading

A ．Text structure

1.context (para.1~2)

When in Vietnam War

Where in a small village

Who several children, including one young girl

What Bombs landed in the orphanage and some children were wounded. 2. In time order, what happened next? (para.3~18)

1) Medical help arrived and they found the young girl needed blood. (Para.3)

2) Only several children had the correct blood type. (Para.4)

3) Because of language barrier, they had difficulties in asking the children for blood. (Para.5)

4) Heng was willing to give blood but he was always sobbing and then crying silently during the operation. (Para.6 ~ 13)

5) Under the help of the Vietnamese nurse, the Americans knew the reason. Heng thought that he would die, but he still did it because she was his friend. (Para.14 ~ Para.18)

3. meaning of the story (para.19)

There is no love greater than this, that a person lay down his/her life for a friend.

B ．Sentence study and oral translation

1.Nobody knows what these bombs were supposed to hit during the terrible Vietnam War, but they landed in a small orphanage run by a missionary group. (Line 1)

在可怕的越南战争期间，谁也不知道这些炸弹要

轰炸什么目标，而它们却落在了一所由传教士办的小孤honest helpful generous

儿院内。

Every student is supposed to be in the classroom before 8 o’clock.

所有学生8点以前应该到教室。2. …it was clear that without immediate action, she would die from loss of blood and shock. (Line 9) 如果不能立即采取行动，显然她将因失血过多和休克而死亡。

此句型中clear 常可被其他形容词替换

如：it is obvious that, it is true that, it is evident that等

没有英语课，大学生活确实会轻松很多。但是不学英语，你显然不能适应现代社会的需要。

It is true that w ithout English course, college life may become much easier. But it is obvious that you can’t keep pace with the modern society if you don’t study English. Using what little common language they could find, together with a lot of sign language, they tried to explain to the frightened children that unless they could give some blood to their little friend she would certainly die. (Line 16)

医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言，结合大量的手势语，努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说，除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴，否则她将必死无疑。

1. Using + 宾语从句在句中作状语

2. together with 相当于as well as，与前面短语一起作状语

3. they tried to explain… 是句子的主语和谓语部分

4. the frightened children 是句子的一个宾语（间接宾语）

5. unless they could give… 既是句子的直接宾语又是后面句子的条件从句

4. Heng was quickly laid on a bed, his arm cleaned with alcohol, and the needle inserted into his arm. (Line 27)

此句中his arm cleaned with alcohol 和the needle inserted into his arm是独立主格结构。独立主格结构在句中作状语，有自己的逻辑主语, 表示一种伴随的动作或情况。

? She lay on her back, her hands crossed under the head.

她脸朝天头枕着交叉的手躺着。（伴随状语）

? Mother being ill, she has to take care of the family.

妈妈病了，她得承担起照顾全家的责任。（原因状语）

? The clock having struck, we had to go to work.

钟已敲过，我们不得不去工作了。（时间状语）

?He has been working very hard, his first novel to be published soon

他工作一直很努力，第一部小说即将发表。（结果状语）

?There are four factories in this region, each having 200 workers

这个地区有四个工厂，每个有200名工人。（同位语）5. The medical team now was very worried because the needle should not have been hurting their tiny patient. (Line 42) 现在医疗小组非常担忧，因为针不该使他们的小病人一直感到疼痛。

should + have + 过去分词这一结构的肯定形式表示本应该做却没有做；其否定形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。

?She shouldn’t have left the hospital so soon, for she had not yet recovered.

她不该那么早就出院，因为她还没有康复。

?You should have got Mark A in your final examination but your handwriting is too bad.

你本可以在期末考试中得A,但是你的字写得太糟。

C．Words and phrases

1. suffer (Line 5): feel or have pain, loss , etc.

vt. 忍受，容忍，承受，耐住

If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences. 你如果违犯法律，就必须准备承担后果。That young man had to suffer the injuries caused by the chemical weapons left by Japanese troops in World War II.

那个年轻人不得不去承受日军在二战期间遗留的化学武器给他造成的伤害。

2) vi. 受痛苦，受苦难，患病

许多大学新生偶尔会想念自己的家乡是很自然的事情。

It is natural for many freshmen to suffer from homesickness now and then.

Boxing legend Mohammed Ali suffers from the disease of Parkinson for a long time.

拳王阿里身患帕金森（氏）病已经有很长一段时间了。

2. wound (Line 6); injure (Line 9); hurt (Line 36)

wound一般是指由枪械或者刀剑等尖锐物体造成的身体上的伤害。

injure a)由于重物如棍棒或者炸弹爆炸所造成的伤害；b)在事故中受到的伤害。

hurt除表示受伤外，主要用于表示身体疼痛及情感受伤害。

请用wound, hurt 或injure 的适当形式填空

She was slightly hurt when she fell off the ladder. 她从梯子上跌下来时，受了一点轻伤。

The bullet unfortunately wounded James Bond in the shoulder.

枪弹不幸打伤了詹姆斯?邦德的肩膀。

Hong Kong Phoenix TV news anchor Liu Hai-ruo was seriously __ injured ____ in a British train accident in 2002. 香港凤凰卫视新闻主播刘海若在2002年发生在英国的一次列车事故中身受重伤。

3. supply (Line11)

1) n. supplying, stock 补给,供给,[常作supplies] 供应品，补给品，(储备)物资

a good supply of fruit水果的大量供应

household (medical) supplies 家庭(医药)用品

2) vt.make available to use 供给，供应，提供（所需物品）；（把······）供应给······（with）；为······提供The UN is urgently _____supplying food and camps for the survivors in Bam, the quake-stricken ancient city in Iran.

联合国紧急向受地震侵袭的伊朗巴姆古城的幸存者提供粮食和帐篷

4. request (Line21): vt. ask or being asked 请求，要求，恳求

request require

request 请求,语气较强

require 委婉、客气，通常不用于口语

May I request you to leave? 请你离开一下好吗？

We request the favor of a reply at your earliest convenience. 请方便时尽早给予答复。

require vt. 类似order, demand 用法，向对方提出的要求有一定权威性，强制对方服从其要求，但语气弱

些，常用于被动语态。

The border police required the traveler to unlock his luggage.

边境警察要求游客打开自己的行李。

To become an excellent soccer referee requires painstaking effort as well.

要想成为一名优秀的足球裁判同样需要下苦工夫

请用request 或require 的适当形式填空

The US Navy requested us to provide emergent assistance.

You are _required to attend tomorrow’s news conference.

The presence of all members of the band was_requested_.

The new regulation _required strict observance in every detail.

5. insert (Line29)

1) vt. put something in something else 插入，嵌入

An surgeon inserted a special medical device into his mouth to pick up DNA sample.

医生把一个特殊的医学装置插入他的口中来提取DNA样本。

2) n. something inserted 插入物，镶补物

6. stiff (Line32): adj.

1) quite hard and not easy to bend 硬的，僵直的

I can’t play the piano like I used to. My fingers have gone stiff from lack of practice.

我不能像过去那样弹钢琴了，我的手指因缺乏练习变得僵硬了。

2) formal, unfriendly 生硬的，呆板的，不友好的

Facing journalists’ questions, the Prime Minister always kept a stiff face.

面对记者的提问，那位总理总是板着面孔。

7. occasional (Line 40): adj.

happening sometimes 偶然的，偶尔的，非经常的

The weather was good except for an occasional shower

天气还算不错，只是偶尔有阵雨。

occasional visits / rain / sneeze / trips

偶尔来访/有雨/打喷嚏/旅行

8. steady (Line40): adj.

1) developing or growing gradually 不断的，持续的

Yao Ming’s steady progress in skills results from h is wonderful performance in the NBA matches.

姚明的不断进步的球技来自于他在NBA比赛中的出色表现。

2) firm, stable 稳的，平稳的

Jackie Chan’s amazing Chinese kung fu lays a steady foundation for his success in Hollywood.

成龙的令人惊叹的中国功夫为他在好莱坞的成功打下了牢固的基础。

9. relief (Line50): n.

1) the lessening or removing of pain, anxiety, etc.（痛苦等）缓解，减轻，解除

Fans’ support brought R. Baggio some relief from the missing of the penalty in the final of 1994’s World Cup.

球迷们的支持使罗伯特·巴乔多少缓解了1994年世界杯决赛射失点球的痛苦。

2) the feeling that you have when something unpleasant stops or becomes less strong（痛苦、忧郁等消除后感到的）轻松，宽心，宽慰

It was a great relief to find nothing had been stolen.

发现没丢任何东西，感到很宽慰。

同根词：

relieve: v. ease, lessen 使减轻，使解除（痛苦、忧愁等）；使宽慰

She said that listening to light music could relieve her pressure in study.

她说听轻音乐可以减轻学习中的压力。

10. lay down (Line57): lose or stop having something willingly in order to help others 牺牲，献身

Countless space experts are laying down their wits and energy to accelerate the realization of the launch of Shenzhou VI spaceship.

无数航天科技人员都在为加速实现“神舟”六号的发射奉献着自己的智慧和精力。

Yitzhak Rabin, called man of Israel, even laid down his life for the eternal peace of the Middle East.

被称为以色列伟人的拉宾为中东地区的永久和平甚至献出了自己的生命。

IV．After-class Reading

All of us are involved with personal relationships. Some of these are related to family, some with fellow students or workers, and others of a variety of types. Most of these are happy, positive relationships, but not all of them, though we might wish it were not so.

To have a positive relationship a person must invest time and interest in the other people with whom we are associated. We all understand that our feelings and interest in other people depend somewhat on what we have in common, our unique personalities, and the associations in which we find ourselves.

In most societies good relationships are valued because individuals who have good relationships are happier, more productive workers, and are simply more fun to be with and work with. However, relationships can vary widely on the time and interest involved. We certainly may prefer those persons with whom we can be "good friends", "buddies" (n. 同伴，伙伴), or "valued colleagues". In Western cultures there are several meanings of the word LOVE, which tell us the nature of different personal relationships. These are usually well understood by individuals in these societies, but not necessarily by people who are from different cultures. One meaning of love comes from the Greek word "Eros", which refers to sensual or sexual relationships between individuals. A second Greek word, "Filios", refers to filial or family members and their

relationships, and another word "Patros" refers to the "love of God" or one's relationship to God. In addition, love in the English language may refer to "liking someone or something", i.e. loving cookies or spring rolls, loving to swim or hike, loving to study, etc.

In most societies the highest form of love is that relationship between two individuals which is so strong that one will sacrifice his/her life for a loved one. This occurs both in war and peace, in families and in communities. The policeman who protects the people he is asked to serve is no less a hero when he risks his life than is the soldier who dies in combat to defend his country or his comrades—"Greater love has no man than this, that he lay down his life for a friend." In the West there is also a "law" or teaching to "Love the Lord your God with all your heart, mind, and soul"; a second teaching is similar to this, "you must love your neighbor as yourself." The teaching then continues in defining the neighbor as anyone who is in need of your help. Finally, there is the relationship of friends, both close and distant. It is common for good friends in the West to sign their personal letters or e-mails, "Love", or "With all my love" which may mean anything from a casual use of the word love to an expression of deeper love of the sort the Greeks referred to as Eros.

It is the responsibility of all persons to establish good, positive relationships with other people, and it is finally the responsibility of people involved in the relationship to define rather closely what the nature of their relationship will be. Obviously it would be wrong (illegal as well as boring) to share love of the Eros type with everyone with whom we come in contact, and likewise, it would not be appropriate to form a shallow or casual relationship with the person we hope to share a life with in marriage. Making friends, and establishing relationships, is one aspect of behavior that can be demanding of time and energy, but the benefits of good relationships are far more valuable than the effort one must make to establish and nurture (v. 养育，培育；使发展) them.

V．Writing

A. Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic. How to Keep on Good Terms with Roommates? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese.

1. 大学伊始, 刚刚入学的新生之间存在差异

2. 维护室友之间的和睦关系是非常重要的

3. 如何处理室友之间的关系

Samples

For most freshmen, university dorm life is a “fresh” experience. Howeve r, students from all corners of the country may soon find, apart from accents, they have to face a lot of other differences. For example, early birds(早起的人) and night owls(夜猫子) disturb each other. For another example, lazybones who do little cleaning may “pollute” the room with smelly socks. What’s more, while one is used to living in a quiet atmosphere (环境), his roommates happen to be chatterboxes, talking over the phone for hours. The list of “conflicts” (冲突) could go on and on.

It is very essential for roommates to keep on good terms. Harmonious surroundings will help them make academic progress, foster friendship and develop communication skills. In a certain sense, a dorm flat is their “second home”, the roommates today may become colleagues and lifelong friends tomorrow. If they could not get along well throughout the four years, how could they work and study effectively? Then how could flat-mates get along well?

Here are some tips. First and foremost, respect each other. Secondly, be tolerant. Never lose temper when offended, and try to talk frankly when disagreements arise. Thirdly, be considerate. Why not walk on tiptoe at nap time? Why not help roommates get clothes back before rainfall? Last but not least, set some effective rules and follow them consciously. If roommates follow these pieces of advice, years later, the dorm life will be a cherished and unforgettable part of college life.

B. TOEFL作文题目

Directions: You will have thirty minutes to plan and write an essay on the topic given below. Use the first few minutes to read the topic carefully and think about what kind of essay you will write. You may use the space immediately below the

essay topic to make notes. Write your essay on the lined pages that follow. You will have enough space if you write on every line and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size.

Some university students want to live in a room alone. Others prefer having roommates. Which do you like better, living alone or living with roommates? Give specific examples to support your answer.

新编大学英语教案(第二册)_Unit 2 Communication Problems

Unit Two Communication problems T eaching Objectives 1. Let the students have some ideas of the common ways we usually use in our daily life to communicate. 2. Make the students find the efficient ways to communicate with each other. 3. Let the students come up with the ways to avoid misunderstandings. T eaching allotment six academic hours Focus points 1.key words and phrases assume, conflict, convey, emphasis, ignore, misinterpret, react, verge, feel like, for effect, on the verge of, pull out, take----lightly 2.difficult sentences 1) When Martians and V enusians first got together, they encountered many of the problems with relationships we have today. 2) So when communication problems emerged, they assumed it was just one of those expected misunderstandings and that with a little assistance they would surely understand each other. 3) To fully express their feelings, women would tend to exaggerate the facts a little bit for effect and use various superlatives, metaphors, and generalizations. 3.grammar focus prefix “mis---”的不同意义 Related Information It is well-known that learning a second language is never easy, and, generally speaking, the older one is when one attempts a new language, the more difficult it becomes. This is at least partly due to what is known as language interference, meaning that the linguistic patterns of our first language interfere with those of the second because no two languages have exactly the same sounds and grammatical structures. The English language has a very large vocabulary because it has incorporated words from many other languages over the centuries. This is nowhere more apparent than in its color words. For example, there are many words that express the color “purple”, describing its different shades and hues: mauve, violet, lilac, or lavender. An interesting linguistic gender difference among native speakers of English is the likelihood of women using these color terms to differentiate between shades of purple, whereas, men will be satisfied with the one word “purple”. This is true of other color words too.

新编大学英语综合教程1-unit4

Unit 4 Fresh Start In-Class Reading Fresh Start 新的开端 1当我父母开车离去，留下我可怜巴巴地站在停车场上时，我开始寻思我在校园里该做什么。我决定我最想做的就是平安无事地回到宿舍。我感到似乎校园里的每个人都在看着我。我打定主意：竖起耳朵，闭上嘴巴，但愿别人不知道我是新生。 2第二天早上我找到了上第一堂课的教室，大步走了进去。然而，进了教室，我又碰到了一个难题。坐哪儿呢？犹豫再三，我挑了第一排边上的一个座位。3“欢迎你们来听生物101 课，”教授开始上课。天哪，我还以为这里是文学课呢！我的脖子后面直冒冷汗，摸出课程表核对了一下教室——我走对了教室，却走错了教学楼。 4怎么办？上课途中就站起来走出去？教授会不会生气？大家肯定会盯着我看。算了吧。我还是稳坐在座位上，尽量使自己看起来和生物专业的学生一样认真。 5下了课我觉得有点饿，便赶忙去自助食堂。我往托盘里放了些三明治就朝座位走去，就在这时，我无意中踩到了一大滩番茄酱。手中的托盘倾斜了，我失去了平衡。就在我屁股着地的刹那间，我看见自己整个人生在眼前一闪而过，然后终止在大学上课的第一天。 6摔倒后的几秒钟里，我想要是没有人看见我刚才的窘相该有多好啊。但是，食堂里所有的学生都站了起来，鼓掌欢呼，我知道他们不仅看见了刚才的情景，而且下决心要我永远都不会忘掉这一幕。 7接下来的三天里，我独自品尝羞辱，用以果腹的也只是些从宿舍外的售货机上买来的垃圾食品。到了第四天，我感到自己极需补充一些真正意义上的食物。也许三天时间已经足以让校园里的人把我忘在脑后了。于是我去了食堂。 8我好不容易排队取了食物，踮脚走到一张桌子前坐下。突然我听到一阵熟悉的“哗啦”跌倒声。抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。当人们开始像对待我那样鼓掌欢呼的时候，我对他满怀同情。他站起身，咧嘴大笑，双手紧握高举在头顶上，做出胜利的姿势。我料想他会像我一样溜出食堂，可他却转身重新盛一盘食物。就在那一刻，我意识到我把自己看得太重了。

新编大学英语1翻译答案

一、 1、当我知道详细情况时，我意识到我不该在办公室发脾气。 When I knew the details ,I realized that I shouldn’t have lost the temper at the office. 2、我和鲍勃不是很熟，不过我们偶尔出去喝一杯。 I don’t know Bob very well ,but we go out for a drink occasionally. 3、会议应该在周二召开，但我们不得不推迟。 The meeting is supposed to be held on Tuesday, but we have to put it off. 4、我国政府采取行动使那个国家的所以中国人回到了祖国。 Our government took action to get all the Chinese back to homeland in that country. 5、包括周末在内，仅仅还有12天时间可以用来买圣诞礼物。 Including the weekend ,there is only 12days to buy Charismas presents. 6、如不立即采取行动，许多野生动物就会因饥饿而死亡。 Without taking action immediately ,many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger. 三、 1、除非你有经验，否则你得不到这份工作。 You won’t got this job unless you have got the experience. 2、我把大部分时间都花在研究中美文化差异上了。 Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American culture. 3、这句话意思很清楚，绝不会引起误会。 This sentence is so clear that it can’t cause any misunderstanding. 4、他希望能给予她比现在更多的帮助。 He hopes he could give her more help than he does. 5、要记得邀请她来参加生日晚会，不然她会抱怨的。 Remember to invite her to the birthday party ,or she would complain. 6、主任说，你必须把购置设备的2500美元加到成本中去。 The Director said ,you have to add 2500 dollars for equipment purchase to the cost. 7、了解自己的长处、弱点以及所处的环境很重要。 It’s important to be aware of your strengths, weaknesses and the environment you are in. 8、如果你继续对大家这么粗鲁，不久你就会发现自己什么朋友都没有了。 You will find yourself without any friends at all if you keep on being so rude to everyone. 四、 1、做出贡献的人太多了，无法一一提及。 The individuals who have contributed are far too many to mention. 2、半夜里，嘈杂声把我们吵醒了。 The noise woke us up in the middle of the night. 3、他不应该对我说的话感到生气，那仅仅是个玩笑而已。 He shouldn’t have been angry at what I said, it was nothing more than a joke. 4、我们邀请了所以的朋友去野餐，但是由于下雨只来了其中5位。 We invited all our friends to the picnic ,but it rained and only 5 of them showed up. 5、婚姻被视为一件严肃的事。 Marriage is viewed as a serious matter. 6、令我失望的是，这部电影并不像我期待得那么好。 To my disappointment ,the movie didn’t live up to my expectations. 七、

新编大学英语1综合教程练习unit 5

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1. Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate form of the word in brackets. 1. (attention) Correct answer inattention 2. (qualify) Correct answer qualified Correct answer Navigation 4. Correct answer participants 5. Correct answer unconscious 6. Correct answer competence 7. Correct answer inequalities 8. morning. (request) Correct answer

requested 9. Correct answer varied 10. Correct answer partners 2. Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate preposition or adverb. 11. Correct answer in 12. Correct answer of 13. Correct answer to 14. accident. Correct answer at 15. Correct answer beyond 16.

Your answer Correct answer from from 17. Your answer Correct answer to to 18. Your answer Correct answer on on 19. Your answer Correct answer in in Your answer Correct answer On On 3. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the best answer from the choices given. 21. The buses, ___________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. most of which B. both of which C. few of them D. those of which 22. There's only one man ____________ the job. A. qualified for

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