2008年12月四级真题+答案 cet4 word版

2008年12月大学英语四级考试真题

Part I Writing （30 minutes）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag.You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

1.一次性塑料袋的使用

2.使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题

3.限制一次性塑料袋的意义

Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag

________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.

For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].

For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

That’s enough, kids

It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.

“I?d watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he?d shoved,” she says.” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ?No, we don?t push,” What happened next was unexpected.

“The boy?s mother ran toward me from across the park,” Stella says,” I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?”

Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people?s children has become a minefield.

In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister?s house it?s encouraged. For her, it?s about kids being kids: “If you can?t do it at three, when can you do it?”

Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt?s house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at mine. That?s OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when yo u?re talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.

“Kids aren?t all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University.” But there is still an idea that they?re the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you?re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that?s somehow a criticism of me.”

In those circumstances, it?s difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.

“I’d go to the child first,”says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that ’we don?t do that here? is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different settings.”

He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.

they?re there and ask them to deal with it,” she says.

Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: “Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: ?I know you?ll think I?m silly but in my house I don’t want…?”

When it comes to situations where you?re caring for another child, white is straightforward: “common sense must prevail. If things don?t go well, then have a chat.”

There?re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate. “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how w e handle children.”

For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rules are different now from when today?s parents were growing up,” he says, “Adults are scared of saying: ?don?t swear?, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They?re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out – either from older children, or their parents.”

He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (礼貌), and says that adults suffer form it as much as child.

Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when you?re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.”

“I t?s about what I?m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. ”the days when a kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said, …you probably deserved it?. Are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.”

This jumping to our children?s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells”feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people?s children. You know that if you remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you’re going to have to deal with the parent. It?s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?

“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,” White says. “I suspect that it?s only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school –better –educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.”

White believes our notions of a more child-centered, it?a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We?re centered on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children.”

One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi? intervention(干预) on her son? behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy? mother.

As Bianchi approached the park bench where she?d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.”

Andrew Fuller doesn?t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people?s kids. “look at kids that aren?t your own as a potential minefield,” he says. He recommends that we don?t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.

1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy?s mother to do when she talked to him?

A) make an apology

B) come over to intervene

C) discipline her own boy

D) take her own boy away

2. What does the author say about dealing with other people?s children?

B) it?s no use trying to stop their wrongdoing

C) it?s advisable to treat them as one?s own kids

D) it?s possible for one to get into lots of trouble

3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when one?s kids are criticiz ed, their parents will probably feel___________________________

A) discouraged

B) hurt

C) puzzled

D) overwhelmed

4. What should one do when seeing other people?s kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?

A) talk to them directly in a mild way

B) complain to their parents politely

C) simply leave them alone

D) punish them lightly

5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, ______________________

A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them

B) people think it improper to criticize kids in public

C) people are reluctant to point our kids? wrongdoings

D) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids

6. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep,____________________________

A) it?s easy for people to become impat ient

B) it?s difficult to create a code of conduct

C) it?s important to be friendly to everybody

D) it?s hard for people to admire each other

7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?

A) they?d question the teachers

B) th ey?d charge up to the school

C) they?d tell the kids to clam down

D) They?d put the blame on their kids

8. Professor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be____________________

9. According to professor white, today?s pare nts treat their children as something they___________________

10. Andrew fuller suggests that , when kids behave inappropriately, people should not______________________ Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

11. A)Only true friendship can last long.

B)Letter writing is going out of style.

C)She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.

D)She has lost contact with most of her old friends.

B) A mechanic. D) A carpenter.

13. A) Look for a place near her office. C) Make inquiries elsewhere.

B) Find a new job down the street. D) Rent the $600 apartment.

14. A) He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.

B) He has been extremely busy recently.

C) He has gained some weight lately.

D) He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.

15. A)The woman possesses a natural for art.

B) Women have a better artistic taste than men.

C) He isn?t good at abstract thinking.

D) He doesn?t like abstract paintings.

16. A) She couldn?t have left her notebook in the library.

B) she may have put her notebook amid the journals.

C) she should have made careful notes while doing reading.

D) she shouldn?t have read his notes without his knowing it.

17. A)she wants to get some sleep C) she has a literature class to attend

B) she needs time to write a paper D)she is troubled by her sleep problem

18. A)He is confident he will get the job.

B)His chance of getting the job is slim.

C)It isn?t easy to find a qualified sales manager.

D)The interview didn?t go as well as he expected.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. A)He can manage his time more flexibly.

B)He can renew contact with his old friends.

C)He can concentrate on his own projects.

D)He can learn to do administrative work.

20. A)Reading its ads in the newspapers.

B)Calling its personnel department.

C)Contacting its manager.

D)Searching its website.

21. A)To cut down its production expenses.

B)To solve the problem of staff shortage.

C)To improve its administrative efficiency.

D)To utilize its retired employees? resources.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22. A)Buy a tractor.

B)Fix a house.

C)See a piece of property.

D)Sing a business contract.

23. A)It is only forty miles form where they live.

B)It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.

C)It was a large garden with fresh vegetables.

D)It has a large garden with fresh vegetables.

24. A)Growing potatoes will involve less labor.

B)Its soil may not be very suitable for corn.

D)Raising potatoes will be more profitable.

25. A)Finances

B)Equipment

C)Labor

D)Profits

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26 A) To introduce the chief of the city?s police force

B)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guest

C)To address the issue of community security

D)To explain the functions of the city council

27 A)He has distinguished himself in city management

B)He is head of the International Police Force

C)He completed his higher education abroad

D)He holds a master?s degree in criminology

28 A)To coordinate work among police departments

B)To get police officers closer to the local people

C)To help the residents in times of emergency

D)To enable the police to take prompt action

29 A)Popular

B)discouraging

C)effective

D)controversial

Passage Two

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30 A)people differ greatly in their ability to communicate

B)there are numerous languages in existence

C)Most public languages are inherently vague

D)Big gaps exist between private and public languages

31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence

B)in improves with constant practice

C)it is something we are born with

D)it varies from person to person

32 A)how private languages are developed

B)how different languages are related

C)how people create their languages

D)how children learn to use language

Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

B)she was an engineer

C)she was an educator

D)she was a public speaker

34.A)Basing them on science-fiction movies.

B) Including interesting examples in them

C) Adjusting them to different audiences

D) Focusing on the latest progress in space science

35.A) Whether spacemen carry weapons

B) How spacesuits protect spacemen

C) How NASA trains its spacemen

D) What spacemen cat and drink

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

Crime is increasing world wide. There is every reason to believe the (36)____will continue through the next few decades.

Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new (37) ____has appeared on the world (38)____rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few(39)____. Street crimes such as robbery, rape (40) ___and auto theft are clearly rising (41)___in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the united Kingdom.

What is driving this crime (42)____?There are no simple answers. Still，there are certain conditions(43) _______with rising crime increasing heterogeneity (混杂) of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of government,(44) _________________________________________________.

These conditions are increasingly observable around the world. For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同种类的) ,such as Japan, Denmark and Greece (45)_______________________.

Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and (46)_______________________

Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）Section A

Question 47-56

A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural______47_____for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn______48_____ to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to ____49 _____ from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a __50 _____ of human experiences and come to ___51 ____ other ways of thought and living. And while ____52 ____ their own relationships and responses to life , the readers

significance to their own.

Books provide ___54 ____ material for readers? imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books __55 ____their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure ___56 ___. The social and educational significance of the readers? books cannot be overestimated in an academic library.

A. Abundant

B. Characters

C. Communicating

D. Completely

E. Derive

F. Desire

G. Diversity

H. Escape

I. Establishing

J. Narrow

K. Naturally

L. Personnel

M. Properly

N. Respect

O. Widen

Section B

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

If you are a male and you are reading this ,congratulations: you are a survivor .According to statistics .you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman.

There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don?t go to the doctor.

“Men aren?t seeing doctors as often as they should, ” says Dr. Gullotta, “This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike.”

Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year.

Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smoker?s cough for a year.

“When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer” he says, “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have pr olonged this life”

According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.

“A lot of men think they are invincible （不可战胜的）”Gullotta says “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think”Geez, if it could happen to him.

know, ” says Dr. Ross Cartmill.

“Most men get their cars serviced more reg ularly than they service their bodies,” Cartmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.

Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says.” But preventio n is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”

57.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?

A. They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.

B. Their average life span has been considerably extended.

C. They have lived long enough to read this article.

D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live.

58.What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?

A. men drink and smoke much more than women

B. men don?t seek medical care as often as women

C. men aren?t as cautions as women in face of danger

D. men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases

59. Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him…?(line2,para,8)?

A. it could happen to me, too

B. I should avoid playing golf

C. I should consider myself lucky

D. it would be a big misfortune

60what does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean b y “the ostrich approach”(line q para.9)

A. a casual attitude towards one?s health conditions

B. a new therapy for certain psychological problems

C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved

D. unwillingness to find out about one?s dise ase because of fear

61. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?

A.They may increase public expenses

B.They will save money in the long run

C.They may cause psychological strains on men

D.They will enable men to live as long as women

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

High-quality customer service is preached(宣扬) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done

Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.

Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school “Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.” the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”

On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.

According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second

The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.

During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting（业余兼职的）local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.

Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.

Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.

“Retailers who?re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren?t so friendly.” said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”

Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?

A Most customers won?t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.

B Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.

C Few customers believe the service will be improved.

D Customers have no easy access to store managers.

63. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying “ … the shopper must also find a replacement” (Line 2, Para. 4)?

A New customers are bound to replace old ones.

B It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores.

C Most stores provide the same

D Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too.

64. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers_____

A can stay longer browsing in the store

B won?t have trouble parking their cars

C won?t have any worries about security

D can find their cars easily after shopping

65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?

A Manners of the salespeople

B Hiring of efficient employees

C Huge supply of goods for sale

D Design of the store layout.

66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________.

A exert pressure on stores to improve their service

B settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic way

C voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly

D shop around and make comparisons between stores

Part V Cloze （15 minutes）

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers that them for granted. This is especially true__67__children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and__68__sports programs and make sure that there is easy__69__to participation opportunities. Children in low-income families and poor communities are__70__likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often__71__the resources needed to pay for participation__72__, equipment, and transportation to practices and games__73__ their communities do not have resources to build and__74__sports fields and facilities.

Organized youth sports__75__appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy nations. They were originally developed__76__some educators and developmental experts__77__that the behavior and character of children were__78__influenced by their social surrounding and everyday experiences. This__79__many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in__80__ways, you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.

This belief that the social__81__influenced a person?s overall development was very__82__to people interested in progress and reform in the United States__83__the beginning of the 20th century. It caused them to think about__84__they might control the experiences of children to__85__responsible and productive adults. They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a__86__capitalist economy depended on the productivity of worker.

67. A. among B. within C. on D. towards

68. A. spread B. speed C. spur D. sponsor

69. A. access B. entrance C. chance D. route

70 A. little B. less C. more D. much

71. A. shrink B. tighten C. limit D. lack

72. A. bill B accounts C. fees D. fare

73. A. so B. as C. and D. but

74. A. maintain B. sustain C. contain D. entertain

75.A. last B. first C. later D. finally

76.A. before B. while C. until D. when

77.A. realized B. recalled C. expected D. exhibited

78.A. specifically B. excessively C. strongly D. exactly

79. A. moved B. conducted C. put D. led

80. A. precise B. precious C. particular D. peculiar

81.A. engagement B. environment C. state D. status

82.A. encouraging B. disappointing C. upsetting D. surprising

83.A. for B. with C. over D. at

84.A. what B. how C. whatever D. however

85.A. multiply B. manufacture C. produce D. provide

86.A. growing B. breeding C. raising D. flying

Part ⅥTranslation (5 minutes)

Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems______________(他们至今还没有答案)

88.______________________ (大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education possible for their children.

89.You?d better take a sweater with you_____________________________________________ (以防天气变冷)

90.Throught the project, many people have received training and__________________________ (决定自己创业)

91.The anti-virus agent was not known___________________________________(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)

答案：（提示：答案来源于网络，仅供参考）

快速阅读

1. A

2. D

3. B

4. A

5. C

6. B

7. D

8. challenged

9. can be proud of

10. stay silent

听力：

11. D) She has lost contact with most of her old friends.

12. D) A painter.

13. C) Make inquires elsewhere.

14. C) He has gained some weight lately.

15. D) He doesn't like abstract paintings.

16. B) She may have put her notebook amid the journals.

17. A) She wants to get some sleep.

18. B) His chance of getting the job is slim.

19. A He can manage his time more flexible.

20. D Searching its website.

21. D To utilize its retired employee's resources.

22 C See a piece of property.

23. B It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.

24. C It may now be big enough for raising corn.

25. A Finances.

26. A) To introduce the chief of the city' police force.

27. D) He holds a master's degree in criminology.

28. B) To get police officers closer to the local people.

29. C) Effective.

30. B) There are numerous languages in existence.

31. C) It is something we are born with.

32. D) How children learn to use language.

33. B) She was an engineer.

34. C) Adjusting them to different audiences.

35. A) Whether spacemen carry weapons.

复合式听写

36 trend

37 phenomenon

38 scene

39 offenses

40 murder

41 particularly

42 explosion

43 associated

44changing national borders, greater economic growth, and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong 45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history

阅读理解

Section A

47. F/ desire

48. K/ naturally

49. H/ escape

50. G/ diversity

51. N/ respect

52. I/ establishing

53. B/ characters

54. A/ abundant

55. O/ widen

56. M/ properly

57 A they are more likely to survive serious diseases today.

58 B men don't seek medical care as often as women,

59 A it could happen to me, too

60 D unwillingness to find out about one's decease because of fear.

61 B they will save money in the long run.

62 B customer would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.

63 C most stores provide the same kind of service.

64 B won't have to trouble parking their cars.

65 A manners of the salespeople

66 C voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly.

完型填空

67. A. among

68. D. sponsor

69. A. access

70. B. less

71. D. lack

72. C. fees

73. B. as

74. A. maintain

75. B. first

76. D. when

77. A. realized

78. C. strongly

79. D. led

80. C. particular

81. B. environment

82. A. encouraging

83. D. at

84. B. how

85. C. produce

86. A. growing

87. (that/which) they haven't found solution to

88. What most parents concern

89. in case it (should) turn cold.

90. decided to launch their own enterprise

91. until a doctor discovered it by chance.

2009年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析

2009年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案 Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Creating a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 建设绿色校园很重要 2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境…… 3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应该…… Creating a Green Campus Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Colleges taking another look at value of merit-based aid Good grades and high tests scores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid. But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as “merit aid”, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars. George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago. Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aid alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2008. Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility(资格)have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school. For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running. But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profits. “They’re trying to buy students,”says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum. Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enroll without it. “As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid,”says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News & World Repor t’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17.

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(三套全)

2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes） Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures. B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. C) Providing clean energy to five million people. D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways. C) They are only about half an inch thick. D) They are made from cheap materials. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research. B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species. 6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks. B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance. C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.

2015年6月大学英语四级真题(CET4)及答案解析

CET4 2015年6月份英语四级真题（CET4）

未得到监考老师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册! Part 1 Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and them comment on this kind of modern life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. THIS MODERN LIFE: WORK HOME PLAY SLEEP 请用黑色签字笔在答题卡1指定区域作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无效。

Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will bear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questions there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答 1. A) He is pleased to sit on the committee C) He will tell the woman his decision later B) He is willing to offer the woman a hand D) He would like to become a club member 2. A) Their planned trip to Vancouver is obviously overpriced B) They should borrow a guide book instead of buying one C ) The guide books in the library have the latest information D) The library can help order guide books about Vancouver 3. A) He regrets having taken the history course B) He finds little interests in history books

2014年12月英语四级真题及答案.doc

2014年12月英语四级真题及答案（文字版） 考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对 Part I Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the followin 作文题一：印象最深的活动 AA campus activity that has benefited most. 作文题二：印象最深的课程 A course that has impressed you most in college. 作文题三:印象最深的同学 A classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college． Section C Stunt people(替身演员) are not movie stars, but they are the hidden heroes of many movies. They were around long before films. Even Shakespeare may have used them in fight scenes. To be good, a fight scene has to look real. Punches must (26)______ enemies' jaws. Sword fights must be fought with(27)______ swords. Several actors are usually in a fight scene. Their moves must be set up so that no one gets hurt. It is almost like planning a dance performance. If a movie scene is dangerous, stun people usually(28)______the stars. You may think you see Tom Cruise running along the top of a train. But it is(29)______ his stunt double. Stunt people must(30)______ the stars they stand in for. Their height and build should be about the same. But when close-ups are needed, the film(31)______ the star. Some stunt people(32)______ in certain kinds of scenes. For instance, a stunt woman named Jan Davis does all kinds of jumps. She has leapt from planes and even off the top of a waterfall. Each jump required careful planning and expert(33)______. Yakima Canutt was a famous cowboy stunt man. Among other stunts, he could jump from a second story window onto a horse's back. He(34)______

2018年12月英语四级真题(第一套)

2018年12月英语四级真题（第一套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of starting a career after graduation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words. PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 关注公众号“春秋大道”，无偿得到全部英语四六级历年真题（更新至2018年12月）+听力原频 Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1.A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019. B) Design a new generation of mobile phones. C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon. D) Gather data from the noon with a tiny device. 2.A) It is stable. B) It is durable. C) It is inexpensive. D) It is sophisticated.

大学英语四级历年真题及答案(经典版

大学英语四级历年真题及答案（经典版） 2012年6月英语四级 Part ⅠWriting (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象 2.出现这一现象的原因 3.我对这一现象的看法和建议 On Excessive Packaging Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C）and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Small Schools Rising This year's list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing. Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress. Size isn't everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and

大学英语四级真题及完整答案(共两卷).pdf

2016年12月大学英语四级真题（第一套） Part I Writing (30minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1and 2 are based on the news report you have just the heard. 1. A) It was going to be renovated. C) It was dangerous to live in. B) He could no longer pay the rent. D) He had sold it to the royal family. 2. A) A storm. C) A forest fire. B) A strike. D) A Terrorist attack. Questions 3and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) They lost contact with the emergency department. B) They were injured by suddenly falling rocks. C) They sent calls for help via a portable radio. D) They were trapped in an underground elevator. 4. A) They provided the miner with food and water.

2014年12月英语四级听力真题

Part II Listening Section A Directions：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversat ions. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what w as said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each que stion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D)，and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding l etter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre. Question 1 A.The man is not good at balancing his budget. B.She will go purchase the gift herself. C.The gift should not be too expensive. D.They are gonging to Jane's house-warming party. Question 2 A.He is quite willing to give the woman a hand. B.It takes patience to go through the statistics. C.He has prepared the statistics for the woman. D.The woman should take a course in statistics. Question 3 A.Page 55 is missing from the woman's scripts. B.They cannot begin their recording right away. C.The woman does not take the recording seriously. D.The man wants to make some changes in the scripts. Question 4 A.The date of Carl's wedding. B.The birthday of Carl's bride. C.A significant event in July. D.Preparation for a wedding. Question 5 A.The woman forgot to tell the man in advance. B.The man was absent from the weekly meeting. C.The woman was annoyed at the man's excuse. D.The man was in charge of scheduling meetings. Question 6 A.The woman is a marvelous cook. B.The woman has just bought an oven.

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案

2011年12月英语四级真题 Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Why Integrity Matters What is Integrity? The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation. What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals. Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense. "But Everybody Does It" Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.

2020年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案

2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words. Supposea foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the mostinteresting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Questions 36 to 45 are based onthe following passage. Global warming is a trend towardwarmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we haveexperienced a 20,000 -year -long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice 36 away.However, we have already reached temperatures that are in 37 withother minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are 38 toa predicted worldwide increase in temperatures 39 between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years. The warming will be more 40 in some areas, less in others, and some placesmay even cool