雅思写作之211同义词替换
大作文替换方式合集
名词
things that one tries hard to do
one's undertakings / one's commitments
the fact is that...
the reality is that...
joy
happiness / delight / enjoyment
sadness
sorrow / grief
danger
hazard / peril 后面这个词语语气很强
education
schooling / upbringing (从孩子角度上讲例如children's upbringing) / parenting (从家长角度上讲)
advertisement / advertising
commercials / flyers / billboards / non-profit advertisements = public-interest advertisements
car
automobile
famous people
celebrities
human beings
humanity / the human race
wealth
fortunes，财富
rich
wealthy / affluent (adj.)
skill
technique
skilled
adept / adroit (adj.)
method
methodology
understanding of
grasp of / command of
choice
option
cooperation
collaboration
basic structure in a city or a country
infrastructure
tiredness for a long time
fatigue
is a must for
is a prerequisite for 是...的必备先决条件
honesty
integrity
the internet
the information hghway
strong belief
faith (in)
aim
intention
worries
anxieties
influence
impact / repercussion / implication
influence on each other
mutual influence
many different kinds of...
a variety of... / a wide array of... / a wide range of...
wrong ideas held by many people
misconceptions
range
spectrum
sense
recognition
part
component
wise
sensible (adj.)
gap
disparity
a system for a particular purpose
a mechanism for...
a solution to sth
a remedy for sth
bad students
unruly students / disruptive students
bad behavior
unethical behavior / immoral behavior
organizations that help poor people
charities / charitable organizations
difference
distinction
be different from
be distinct from
person
individual
personality
disposition
the rate of...
the incidence of...
cultural globalization
global cultural homogenization
a thing that is necessary
a necessity
a thing that is new and interesting
a novelty
a thing that is rare
a rarity
things that people are not sure about
uncertainties
a world language
a universal language
friends
companions
relaxation
recreation
self-respect
self-esteem and dignity
respect sb. / sth.
hold sb. / sth. in high regard
look down on...
treat...with contempt = despise
self-control
self-disciline
criminal
convict
prisoner
inmate
people who walk on the street
pedestrians
old generations in history
ancestors
a person who benefits from sth.
a beneficiary of sth.
a disease that spreads quickly
en epidemic
a very unpleasant way of life
misery
emotion
sentiment
narrow minds
insular minds
the way to do sth
the approach to doing sth.
hobby
pastime / diversion
progress
progression (抽象的进步，比如society / career / technology的话题)
failure
setback
importance
significance
labor
manual labor
pressure from other students
peer pressure
citizens who can work
labor force / workforce
problems or diseases that exist for a long time
persistent problems / chronic diseases
do not exercise often
a sedentary lifestyle
result
consequence (表示消极的结果多一些)
thoughts
considerations
difficulty
hindrance / impediment / hurdles
the lack of knowledge
ignorance
harm (n.)
adverse effect
harm (vt.)
damage; destroy / ruin; spoil，后跟the cityscape / scenery / environment；undermine，后跟stability / social order / harmony；jeopardise，后跟抽象概念，比如one's future / one's career；tarnish，后跟one's reputation /image；sap / dampen，后跟one's enthusiasm / interest / confidence
harmful
detrimental
be harmful to
pose a threat to
bad luck
misfortune
trouble
adversity / dilemma / predicament / hardship
crime
offence / criminal act
shortage (of)
scarcity (of) / dearth (of)
the only one
an exception
serious crime
heinous crime / felony
places where animals live
habitat
形容词
be good (for)
be beneficial (to) = be in the best interests (of)
worrying
disturbing
very popular
prevalent / ubiquitous
true
genuine
deep
profound，后面经常跟wisdom / truths / understanding / impact / thoughts
weak
vulnerable
many
numerous，注意要跟可数名词
complicated
intricate
cannot be turned back
be irreversible
produce useful results
productive
practical
realistic
mature
sophisticated，这个词指人的时候意思是思维成熟老练的
selfish
self-centered / materialistic
suitable
fitting
lonely
isolated / alienated
be easily influenced by sth
be susceptible to sth. 一般是坏事情，比如 a disease / attacks
is better than
is superior to
not as good as
in inferior to
be the same
be identical / be homogenous /be uniform，后面两个词比较正式，一般是说cultural globalisation的时候常用
interesting
~stimulating
boring
~monotonous / repetitive
useless
redundant
smart
intelligent
famous
renowned
positive
~desirable / encouraging
can be used
be available
hard to understand
bewildering / baffling / confusing
(laws / rules / people) not strict
lenient
healthy
wholesome，注意说人的健康还是用healthy，但是如果说事物有益健康，就可以用wholesome。
good for the environment
eco-friendly
nervous / anxious
~apprehensive
doubt sth
be skeptical about sth
fair
~justified
unfair
~unwarranted / unjustifiable
huge
enormous / massive / vast / colossal
have many different abilities
be versatile / be well-rounded
be familiar with
be well-acquainted with
proper
appropriate
ugly
unsightly
the present
the current / the existing / the existing environmental
outdated
antiquated / obsolete
spend a lot of money
lead an extravagant life
open
enlight
ened / progressive，经常用来形容government或者society
sth. must be carried out
sth. is compulsory / sth. is mandatory
with long history
time-honored
continuing forever
perpetual
important
significant / essential / vital
be qualified for
be eligible for
disappointing
frustrating
being spread in an uncontrolled way
rampant，后面经常跟负面现象，比如crime, pollution或者discrimination
cruel
~inhumane / merciless
fat
overweight / obese，后面这个表示已经胖出病了
having wrong opinions
skewed / biased
including many things
comprehensive
enough
adequate / sufficient / ample / abundant，四个词的语气逐渐递增
too much
excessive
very little
minimal，不是minimum
cause bad effects
counterproductive
strict
stringent，后面一般跟laws，measures或者rules
urgent
pressing (problems)
动词
make sth. strong
strengthen / fortify / reinforce / consolidate sth.
make sth. weak
weaken / erode
make sth. better
enhance / better，学术写作中better sth.是常见表达
make sth. worse
aggravate / exacerbate sth.
control...(a negative trend)
curb...(crime / pollution / economic recessions)
manage sth
~regulate sth. / oversee sth.
appear
emerge / arise
die out
go extinct
fail to see
neglect / overlook
set...free
release (prisoners / stress)
begin
commence / initiate
narrow / bridge the gap between A and B
反义，widen the gap between A and B
be forced to do sth
be compelled to do sth
try to do sth
pursue sth. (one's goal / one's career / business interests / maximum profit / hegemony)
do sth.
perform /conduct
do not do sth.
refrain from doing sth.
carry out
implement
make a crime
commit a crime
commit a crime again
revert to crime，这里的crime作不可数名词
punish
penalise
punishment
penalty
spread
propagate / disseminate，这个词后面经常跟information / ideas / belief
develop fast
flourish / thrive
develop(培养)
cultivate / foster / nurture
fast-developing
burgeoning
accept
adopt
teach sth.
~impart sth / inculcate sth
support
~buttress / bolster
prove / confirm
verify
create
generate，一般是大规模的产生，比如generate employment opportunities / generate tax revenue / electricity；breed，一般是产生消极的东西，比如conflict / crime / resentment；spawn，一般是产生新事物，比如spawn inventions / innovations
use
~utilise / exploit
use...again
recycle
get
~acquire，acquire / gain knowledge比learn knowledge在地道英文中更常见
consider
contemplate / reflect on / ponder
provide sth.
afford sth.
need
require，主语是人，一般用need，如果是事物，用require
like sth. very much
~have an affinity for sth. / have a strong attachment to sth.
be unhappy about
complain about / be discontented with
ask for
request
look like sth
.
resemble sth.
treat...poorly
mistreat... / abuse....
consider sth. valuable
value sth. / treasure sth. / cherish sth.
keep
~maintain / preserve
mix...together
blend / combine / synthesise
solve
tackle / combat / address
notice
discern
achieve
fulfill
appear in large numbers
sprout up / mushroom
make...less serious
relieve / ease / alleviate，relieve stress / alleviate poverty / ease the traffic congestion
pay...for (one's loss)
compensate...for...
pay...for ( one's effort )
reward...for...
make sth. faster
accelerate sth. / speed up sth.
join
participate in
outweigh
prevail over
contribute to
promote / facilitate
prevent the development of...
hinder / impede / inhibit / obstruct...
find out
~identify
encourage sb. to...
~motivate sb. to...
hate
resent / hold a grudge against
limit
restrict / constrain
avoid
~bypass
is not limited to...
is not restricted to... / is not confined to...
decide
determine
move to...
relocate to.../have been relocated to...
come from...
originate from / in...
improve
boost / enhance
waste
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/4012269238.html,vishly
reduce
curtail / diminish，前者多用于政府投资类话题，后者多用于文化类或者发展类中的抽象话题
increase
augment，多用于政府投资类话题
help
assist
help (n.)
assistance
set up
establish
try to do sth.
attempt to do sth
try hard to do sth.
make a strenuous / an arduous / a painstaking effort to do sth.
change
alter
change...a lot
fundamentally change.../ radically change.../ transform
solve
address / combat，后者剑桥常用的“解决”之一
correct (vt.)
rectify (a mistake)
take down
demolish / rase ，后者谈到拆老建筑时常用
obey
abide by / comply with / conform to，后者后常跟 the law / rules / regulations
ban
ban...altogether / strictly prohibit
criticise
condemn / denounce
depend on
hinge on = be contingent on，取决于......
depend on
rely on，依靠......
deal with
cope with
do one's best to do sth.
commit oneself to doing sth. / strive to do sth. / do one's utmost to do sth. / spare no effort to do sth.
use up
exhaust ( energy / resources ) / stretch ( resources ) to the limit
report the details of sth.
report sth. in graphic detail
prevent sb. from focusing on...
distract sb. from...
spend A on B
~dedicate A to B
use too much...
stretch...to the limit / put a strain on....
pour
discharge
get used to
get accustomed to
die out
go extinct
continue to exist
persist，在雅思作文中经常用来指某种坏现象长期存在
come with...
be attended by / be accompanied by...
broaden one's horizons
expand one's outlook / enlarge one's vision
break the law
violate the law
pub sb. in prison
incarcerate sb.
make laws against
legislate gainst...
law
legislation
make sth. active
stimulate，后面经常跟imagi
nation / creativity / interest
make one’s dream come true
fulfill one’s potential / attain one’s goal
lead to change in
act as a catalyst for change in…
deal with the need
meet the demand / satisfy the need
take…away from sb.
deprive sb. Of…(省略号中可以填入freedom / leisure time / the right to 等值得拥有的内容)
give sb. the ability to
enable sb. to
get a clear idea of
get a clear perspective of
be lost
go astray
spend too much time on
be addicted to / be preoccupied with / be obsessed with，这三个词词组的语气越来越强
prepare for...
pave the way for... / lay the groundwork for... / lay a solid foundation for...
break the balance
upset the balance
balance A and B
strike a balance between A and B
catch
capture
think of...as
reard...as / view...as / perceive...as
get rid of
eliminate / remove
get rid of
abolish(多用于政府类话题，废除)
make...higher
drive up，后面经常跟the crime rate / unemployment rate
副词
mainly
primarily / principally / chiefly
in the old days, ...
traditionally, ... / historically, ...
now
~currently
actually, ...
~technically, ...严格来说它的意思并不是“事实上”，但在学术中它是一个表示“精确地说”非常棒的词汇
very soon
immediately
not often at all
rarely
completely
entirely
do sth. without careful thought
do sth. impulsively
blindly
indiscriminately，不加选择的 / mechanically，机械的
短语或句型
only
~merely，注意只有only做副词的时候才可以替换
a little / a bit
somewhat，注意只有a little / a bit后面跟形容词的时候才可以这样替换
about
regarding / concerning / with respect to / with regard to
a few
a handful of，请注意仅指少数时a couple of 容易被挑剔的考官判为过于口语化
although..., the real situation is...
hypothetically, ... / theoretically, ... / in theroy / ideally, ...
most young people
young people tend to ... = young people typically ...，tend to和typically都是表示某一类人多半会怎样做的常用表达
needs to be changed
is crying out for reform
be punished by the law
be brought to justice
do sth. together
make a concerted effort to do sth.
it is common for sb. to ...
it is standard practice for sb. to ...
is based on ...
is predicated on ...
have no choice but to ...
have no option but to ... / have no alternative but to ...
be worth the effort
be worthwhile
and so on
etc.
is closely connected with ...
is intrinsically linked to ....
through
by way of
because of
due to / owing to，雅思作文中这两个词组后面一般是跟负面含义的名词
in this aspect
in this regard / in this respect
despite / in spite of
notwithstanding，都不能跟从句，只能跟名词或名词短语
in fact
as a matter of fact ~ in essence / essentially
besides
a
part from
it is obvious that ...
it is evident that ...
sth. stops.
sth. comes to a standstill.
be similar to ...
be akin to ...，学术写作中相当常见的句型
A is as ... as B
B is ... A is equally ...
it is impossible that ...
it is highly unlikely that...
A has made B +adj. /n.
A has rendered B + adj. / n.
A has made B do sth.
A has prompted / impelled B to do sth.
sth. does not always remain the same.
sht. is not carved in stone
a high percentage of ...
the proportion of ... is very high
the cause of ... is ...
can be attributed to / can be ascribed to...，可以归因于
no matter
regardless of / irrespective of，注意no matter后面一般跟从句，而regardless of和irrespective of后面多数时候跟名词或名词短语
talking about ... / speaking of
in terms of，经常用来限制一个命题的适用范围
小作文替换方式合集
on the whole
overall
in these 25 years
during this 25-year period
about / around
approximately
decrease
decline / dwindle，逐渐缓慢的减少 / dip / slip /短促的下降
increase
show an upward trend，反义，show a downward trend
go up and down
fluctuate
experience
undergo / witness，后面跟上升、下降或者fluctuation的趋势
become more than
exceed / surpass / overtake
grow fast
grow dramatically / soar / rocket
fall fast
fall drastically / plunge / plummet
much higher
considerably / substantially / significantly higher
a little higher
marginally higher / slightly higher / fractionally higher
take up
account for / represent / constitute / occupy，后面经常跟百分数
the rest of ...
the remainder / the remaining ...
two thime
twice as many (or much) as / double
three times
threefold
finally
eventually，表示时间上的最后，逻辑上的最后仍然要用finally或者lastly
in an opposite way
conversely，经常用在句首，引出一种和前面一句的描述正相反的情况
compared with ..., ...
By contrast, ... / In contrast, ... / In comparison with ..., ... / By comparison with ..., ...
just like ..., ...
Similarly, ... / Likewise, ...
clearly
it is noticeable that ...
the data of (another group)
the corresponding data / the data of their counterparts
reach the highest point at
peak at ...
reach...
amount to，后面跟具体数字
A will...
A is expected / projected to ...
group
category
always
consistently / continuously / ~ invariably
Then,
From this point onwards,
huge
massive
kind of
relatively
We can see that...
We can discern that.....