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人教版必修2第七章第五节《宇宙航行》

人教版必修2第七章第五节《宇宙航行》
人教版必修2第七章第五节《宇宙航行》

备注:字体统一为宋体、小四号、1.5倍行距,教师可根据所写内容自行调整表格宽度。

2.独创性声明

3. 基地学校“教学设计”培训负责人名单

2019-2020学年高中物理第六章万有引力与航天第5节宇宙航行教案新人教版必修2.doc

2019-2020学年高中物理第六章万有引力与航天第5节宇宙航行教案 新人教版必修2 三维目标 知识与技能 1.了解人造卫星的有关知识; 2.知道三个宇宙速度的含义,会推导第一宇宙速度。 过程与方法 通过用万有引力定律推导第一宇宙速度,培养学生运用知识解决问题的能力。 情感、态度与价值观 1.通过介绍我国在卫星发射方面的情况,激发学生的爱国热情; 2.感知人类探索宇宙的梦想.促使学生树立献身科学的人生价值观。 教学重点 第一宇宙速度的推导。 教学难点 运行速率与轨道半径之间对应的关系。 教学方法 探究、讲授、讨论、练习。 教具准备 多媒体课件 教学过程 [新课导入] 1957年前苏联发射了第一颗人造地球卫星,开创了人类航天时代的新纪元。我国在70年代发射第一颗卫星以来,相继发射了多颗不同种类的卫星,掌握了卫星回收技术和“一箭多星”技术,1999年发射了“神舟”号试验飞船。 随着现代科学技术的发展,我们对人造卫星已有所了解,那么地面上的物体在什么条件下才能成为人造卫星呢?人造卫星的轨道半径和它的运动速率之间有什么关系呢?这节课,我们要学习有关人造地球卫星的知识。 [新课教学] 一、人造地球卫星 1.牛顿的设想 在高山上用不同的水平初速度抛出一个物体,不计空气阻力,它们的落地点相同吗? 它们的落地点不同,速度越大,落地点离山脚越远。因为在同一座高山上抛出,它们在空中运动的时间相同,速度大的水平位移大,所以落地点也较远。 假设被抛出物体的速度足够大,物体的运动情形又如何呢? 如果地面上空有一个相对于地面静止的物体,它只受重力的作用, 那么它就做自由落体运动,如果物体在空中具有一定的初速度,且初速 度的方向与重力的方向垂直,那么它将做平抛运动,牛顿曾设想过:从 高山上用不同的水平速度抛出物体,速度一次比一次大,落地点也一次 比一次离山脚远,如果没有空气阻力,当速度足够大时,物体就永远不会落到地面上来,它将围绕地球旋转,成为一颗绕地球运动的人造地球卫星,简称人造卫星。 2.人造地球卫星 (1)人造地球卫星

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高一英语必修1 Unit 1 Friendship Part 1. Warming up 1.介词不同,含义有别: be good to sb./sth. 对… 好be good for sb./sth. 对… 有好处 be good at (doing) sth. 擅长,精通be good with sb./sth. 善于应付… 的 eg. She was very good to me when I was ill. Doing morning exercises is good for health. Tim is good at speaking English. He is very good with children. 他对孩子很有一套。 2.add up 合计,把…加起来add up to 合计达到… add to 增加,增添add A to B 把…加进…里面,把…和…相加 eg. Please add these figures up. These figures add up to 900. The bad weather added to our difficulities. Please add some salt to the water. Add three to four and you get seven. ▲ add vt. 补充说(后接that从句或者直接引语) eg. He added that they would return in a week. “And don’t be late,”she added. 3.point n.点,要点,观点,意义,得分v.指着 be on the point of doing sth. when......=be about to do sht. when....正要做某事,这时...... There is no point (in) doing sth. 没有必要(意义)做某事 4. until与not … until until表示动作、状态的持续,强调“一直到……为止”,或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。 not … until表示“到……为止;直到……才”,常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。 eg. He lived with his parents until he graduated from college. The noise of the street didn’t stop until midnight. 5. finish sth./doing sth. 后跟动名词作宾语的动词或短语还有:admit, appreciate, avoid,consider,delay, enjoy,escape, feel like, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine,mind, miss(错过), practice, suggest, risk,can't stand(不能忍受), can’t help (忍不住),give up, put off等。 help sb.(to) do sth. There is no way to escape doing the work. 没有办法逃脱做这项工作。 We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信,我们将十分感激。 He put off paying the bills 6. get sth. done 使某事被做( get做使役动词,“使、叫、让”后接复合宾语) eg. When are you going to get your hair cut? I must get my homework finished first before going out to play. He got his foot hurt while playing football. ▲get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事eg. I will get him to do the work. ▲get sb./sth. doing…使某人或者某物开始…起来eg. Let me try now. I will get the car going. ▲get + n. + adj. 使… 成为某种状态eg. Get everything ready. ★联想:have sth. done 使某事被做 have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

2020学年高中物理 第六章 第5节 宇宙航行课时作业 2

第五节 宇宙航行 1.第一宇宙速度是指卫星在____________绕地球做匀速圆周运动的速度,也是绕地球做 匀速圆周运动的____________速度.第一宇宙速度也是将卫星发射出去使其绕地球做圆 周运动所需要的________发射速度,其大小为________. 2.第二宇宙速度是指将卫星发射出去使其克服____________,永远离开地球,即挣脱地 球的________束缚所需要的最小发射速度,其大小为________. 3.第三宇宙速度是指使发射出去的卫星挣脱太阳________的束缚,飞到____________ 外所需要的最小发射速度,其大小为________. 4.人造地球卫星绕地球做圆周运动,其所受地球对它的______提供它做圆周运动的向心 力,则有:G Mm r 2=__________=________=________,由此可得v =______,ω= ________,T =________. 5.人造地球卫星绕地球做匀速圆周运动,其环绕速度可以是下列的哪些数据( ) A .一定等于7.9 km /s B .等于或小于7.9 km /s C .一定大于7.9 km /s D .介于7.9 km /s ~11.2 km /s 6.关于第一宇宙速度,以下叙述正确的是( ) A .它是人造地球卫星绕地球飞行的最小速度 B .它是近地圆轨道上人造卫星运行的速度 C .它是使卫星进入近地圆形轨道的最小发射速度 D .它是人造卫星发射时的最大速度 7.假如一做圆周运动的人造地球卫星的轨道半径增加到原来的2倍,且仍做圆周运动, 则下列说法正确的是( ) ①根据公式v =ωr 可知卫星运动的线速度将增大到原来的2倍 ②根据公式F =mv 2r 可知 卫星所需的向心力将减小到原来的12 ③根据公式F =GMm r 2,可知地球提供的向心力将 减小到原来的14 ④根据上述②和③给出的公式,可知卫星运行的线速度将减小到原来的 A .①③ B .②③ C .②④ D .③④ 【概念规律练】 知识点一 第一宇宙速度 1.下列表述正确的是( ) A .第一宇宙速度又叫环绕速度 B .第一宇宙速度又叫脱离速度 C .第一宇宙速度跟地球的质量无关 D .第一宇宙速度跟地球的半径无关 2.恒星演化发展到一定阶段,可能成为恒星世界的“侏儒”——中子星.中子星的半径 较小,一般在7~20 km ,但它的密度大得惊人.若某中子星的半径为10 km ,密度为 1.2×1017 kg /m 3,那么该中子星上的第一宇宙速度约为( )

《宇宙航行》名师教案

§6.5 宇宙航行 山西省大同市广灵县第五中学张泽

2. 两大模型: a. 绕心天体绕中心天体 n F F =,得到r T m r m r m ma r Mm G n 22 2224πων==== b. 地面附近物体 G F =,得到mg r Mm G =2 二、情景导入 探索宇宙的奥秘,奔向广阔而遥远的太空,是人类自古以来的梦想。下图展示的是迄今为止,世界各国发射的各种卫星。 思考:为什么卫星能围绕地球运行?卫星在什么条件下能挣脱地球的束缚? 三、进行新课 (一)宇宙速度 组织学生阅读教材“宇宙速度”,然后小组讨论,回答问题。 1. 简述牛顿关于人造地球卫星的思考和设想,体会逻辑推理与合理外推的魅力。 2. 用已有的物理学知识对该设想进行论证。 3. 什么是第一宇宙速度?有哪些意义? 当卫星近地环绕时,可认为轨道半径r 等于地球半径,将 r=6400km ,G=6.67×10-11Nm 2/kg 2,M=6.0×1024kg 代入,计算v 的值。 结合以下两方面,理解第一宇宙速度的意义: A. 牛顿设想,发射速度决定落点远近; (优教提示:请打开素材“动画演示:牛顿的抛体运动”) B. 绕地做圆周运动时,由 GM v r = 得,轨道半径越大,速度越小。 【思考】人造卫星的轨道半径越大,其运行线速度越小,是不是说人造,卫星发射到离地面越高的轨道就越容 认真观看PPT 阅读教材,思考、讨论并回答问题。 1.设想在高山上水平抛出一个物体,初速度越大,落点就越远;可以想象当初速度足够大时,这个物体将不会落到地面,成为和月球一样的地球卫星。 2.该设想涉及两个物理知识点,首先是平抛运动,当物体的高度一定时,它运动 的时间就一定; 这样它的水平初速度越 激发学生学习的兴趣。 训练学生的自主探究能力,同时让学习感受逻辑推理及合理外推的思维方法。

高中物理第六章万有引力与航天第5节宇宙航行教案

5.宇宙航行 教学目标 知识与技能 1.了解人造卫星的有关知识; 2.知道三个宇宙速度的含义,会推导第一宇宙速度。 过程与方法 通过用万有引力定律推导第一宇宙速度,培养学生运用知识解决问题的能力。 情感、态度与价值观 1.通过介绍我国在卫星发射方面的情况,激发学生的爱国热情; 2.感知人类探索宇宙的梦想.促使学生树立献身科学的人生价值观。 教学重点 第一宇宙速度的推导。 教学难点 运行速率与轨道半径之间对应的关系。 教学方法 探究、讲授、讨论、练习。 教具准备 多媒体课件 教学过程 [新课导入] 1957年前苏联发射了第一颗人造地球卫星,开创了人类航天时代的新纪元。我国在70年代发射第一颗卫星以来,相继发射了多颗不同种类的卫星,掌握了卫星回收技术和“一箭多星”技术,1999年发射了“神舟”号试验飞船。 随着现代科学技术的发展,我们对人造卫星已有所了解,那么地面上的物体在什么条件下才能成为人造卫星呢?人造卫星的轨道半径和它的运动速率之间有什么关系呢?这节课,我们要学习有关人造地球卫星的知识。 [新课教学] 一、人造地球卫星 1.牛顿的设想 在高山上用不同的水平初速度抛出一个物体,不计空气阻力,它们的落地点相同吗? 它们的落地点不同,速度越大,落地点离山脚越远。因为在同一座高山上抛出,它们在空中运动的时间相同,速度大的水平位移大,所以落地点也较远。 假设被抛出物体的速度足够大,物体的运动情形又如何呢? 如果地面上空有一个相对于地面静止的物体,它只受重力的作用, 那么它就做自由落体运动,如果物体在空中具有一定的初速度,且初速 度的方向与重力的方向垂直,那么它将做平抛运动,牛顿曾设想过:从 高山上用不同的水平速度抛出物体,速度一次比一次大,落地点也一次 比一次离山脚远,如果没有空气阻力,当速度足够大时,物体就永远不会落到地面上来,它将围绕地球旋转,成为一颗绕地球运动的人造地球卫星,简称人造卫星。 2.人造地球卫星 (1)人造地球卫星 从地面抛出的物体,在地球引力的作用下绕地球旋转,就成为绕地球运动的人造卫星。 (2)人造地球卫星必须满足的条件

2020年高中物理第五节《宇宙航行》教案人教版必修2

第七章万有引力与航天 第五节宇宙航行 一、教学目标 1、知识与技能: (1)了解人造卫星的有关知识,正确理解人造卫星做圆周运动时,各物理量之间的关系。 (2)知道三个宇宙速度的含义,会推导第一宇宙速度。 2、过程与方法: (1)通过用万有引力定律来推导第一宇宙速度,培养学生运用知识解决问题的能力。 3、情感态度与价值观: (1)通过介绍我国在卫星发射方面的情况,激发学生的爱国热情。 (2)感知人类探索宇宙的梦想,促使学生树立献身科学的人生价值观。 二、教学内容剖析 1、本节课的地位和作用: 本节内容主要介绍了宇宙速度、人造地球卫星、宇宙航天器等内容,人们在应用万有引力定律研究天体运动的基础上,实现人类的航天梦想,为科学研究、人类生活服务方面做出巨大的贡献。通过本节学习了解如下知识: (1)第一宇宙速度:物体在地面附近绕地球做匀速圆周运动的速度,V=GM / R或 V= . gR,数值上M=7.9km/s . (2)第二宇宙速度:克服地球引力,脱离地球的逃逸速度.V2=11.2km/s. (3)第三宇宙速度:在地面附近发射物体挣脱太阳引力束缚的速度,V3=11.2km/s. 2、本节课教学重点: 对第一宇宙速度的推导过程和方法,了解第一宇宙速度的应用领域。

3、本节课教学难点: 1、人造地球卫星的发射速度与运行速度的区别。 2、掌握有关人造卫星计算及计算过程中的一些代换。 三、教学思路与方法 这节内容是万有引力理论的成就在生活中的应用,与我们的生活密切相关,让学生在学习物理的过程中感受到物理就在我们的身边,与我们的生活时刻联系在一起. 从而引导学生进行科学和生活、和社会联系的思考,培养学生学习物理的兴趣,激发学生献身科学的热情,对学生科学价值观的形成起到重要的作用。 四、教学准备 多媒体课件,细线,塑料瓶 课堂教学设计

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高中英语必修2(人教版) Unit1 Cultural relics IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country's best artists about ten years to make. In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. It was designed for the palace of Frederick I. However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg. About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors.

人教版高中英语必修一unit2基础知识点训练题

人教版必修二unit2基础知识点训练题 一、单项填空 1.His uncle made a film ______ his story in his childhood. A. based on B. was based on C. basing on D. to base on 2.The money collected should be made good use ______ the people in Sichuan Province who suffered a lot in the earthquake. A. of helping B. to help C. to helping D. of to help 3.During the flight to the Moon, Chang’e I Satellite ______ adjusts her direction so that she can go into her programmed orbit and then circle around it at the most appropriate angle(角度). A. Eventually B. gradually C. constantly D. continuously 4.______ as a serious problem at present, it has drawn a lot of people’s attention. A. Recognize B. Recognized C. Being recognized D. Having recognized 5.The army received a command that they ______ to the front immediately. A. would march B. must march C. should march D. were marching 6.The newly-founded chess club formally ______ us to attend the opening ceremony. A. Requested B. required C. demanded D. commanded 7.Films, ______ the one you told me about yesterday or the one that will be on, ______ not worth seeing. A. including; is B. as well as; are C. besides; is D. such as; are 8.The part that China ______in the international affairs ______ in the international society. A. plays; is widely praised B. plays; is wide praised C. takes; widely praised D. takes; wide praised 9.______,a sleepy driver killed twenty-two students and teachers in a traffic accident in Shanxi Province. A. What's more B. After all C. Believe it or not D. More or less 10.Many students make great progress in listening ______ the large amount of time devoted to it.

人教版高一英语必修二英语课文原文

Frederick William Ⅰ,the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg.About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION? What is a fact? Is it something that people believe? No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some people may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewit nesses to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence. Unit 2 AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.

高中物理_6.5宇宙航行教学设计学情分析教材分析课后反思

《第五节宇宙航行》教学设计 一、教学内容 本节课的内容是人教版必修2第六章《万有引力与航天》的第五节《宇宙航行》。主要内容是利用万有引力定律计算宇宙速度,了解人类的航天历程。 二、学生分析 学生已经学习了万有引力的定律,并能初步利用万有引力定律的公式求引力或一些速度,但学生的推理和运算能力较差,加上本章书的公式运用较为灵活,故学生对此有一定的畏难心理。 三、设计思想 针对本节课和学生的特点,本节课采用的模式可以用下图表示: 本课的主要设计思想是采用信息技术网络平台设计各种交互性强,能够激发学生兴趣的主题资源,其中包括主题导入、同步练习(其中设有交互性很强的习题)、实战演练(其中设有能及时对学生的学习情况进行反馈的小测,并能对学生进行有效的评价和建议)、课外拓展等。并采用学生交流互动为主导,教师作为学习的辅助者的课堂教学模式。希望能借此调动学生自主学习探究的主观能动性,从而提高学生的科学素养和探究精神。 四、教学目标 (一)知识和能力目标 1.了解人造地球卫星的有关知识和航天发展史。 2.知道三个宇宙速度的含义和数值,会推导第一宇宙速度。 3.理解卫星的线速度、角速度、周期与轨道半径的关系。

(二)过程与方法目标 1.在学习牛顿对卫星发射的思考过程的同时,培养学生科学探索能力;培养学生在处理实际问题时,如何构建物理模型的能力。 2.通过对卫星运行的线速度、角速度、周期与轨道半径的关系的讨论,培养学生运用知识分析解决实际问题的能力。 (三)情感态度与价值观目标 1.通过展示人类在宇宙航行领域中的伟大成就,激发学生学习物理的热情。 2.通过介绍我国在航天方面的成就,激发学生的爱国热情,增强民族自信心和自豪感。3.感知人类探索宇宙的梦想,促使学生树立献身科学的人生观和价值观。 五、教学重点 1.第一宇宙速度的推导。 2.卫星运行的线速度、角速度、周期与轨道半径的关系。 六、教学难点 卫星的发射速度与运行速度的关系。 七、教学过程:

高中物理(山东专用)第六章万有引力与航天第5节宇宙航行讲义含解析新人教版必修2

第5节宇宙航行 一、 人造地球卫星 1.概念 当物体的初速度足够大时,它将会围绕地球旋转而不再落回地面,成为一颗绕地球转动的人造卫星,如图6-5-1所示。 图6-5-1 2.运动规律 一般情况下可认为人造卫星绕地球做匀速圆周运动。 3.向心力来源 人造地球卫星的向心力由地球对它的万有引力提供。 二、 宇宙速度 1.人造卫星环绕地球做匀速圆周运动,所需向心力由 地球对卫星的万有引力提供。 2.第一宇宙速度为7.9 km/s ,其意义为人造卫星的最 小发射速度或最大环绕速度。 3.第二宇宙速度为11.2 km/s ,其意义为物体摆脱地球 引力的束缚所需要的最小发射速度。 4.第三宇宙速度为16.7 km/s ,其意义为物体摆脱太阳 引力的束缚所需要的最小发射速度。 5.地球同步卫星位于赤道正上方固定高度处,其周期 等于地球的自转周期,即T =24 h 。

1957年10月,前苏联成功发射了第一颗人造卫星。 1969年7月,美国“阿波罗11号”登上月球。 2003年10月15日,我国航天员杨利伟踏入太空。 2013年6月11日,我国的“神舟十号”飞船发射成功。 2013年12月2日,我国的“嫦娥三号”登月探测器发射升空。 …… 1.自主思考——判一判 (1)绕地球做圆周运动的人造卫星的速度可以是10 km/s。(×) (2)在地面上发射人造卫星的最小速度是7.9 km/s。(√) (3)如果在地面发射卫星的速度大于11.2 km/s,卫星会永远离开地球。(√) (4)要发射一颗人造月球卫星,在地面的发射速度应大于16.7 km/s。(×) 2.合作探究——议一议 (1)通常情况下,人造卫星总是向东发射的,为什么? 提示:由于地球的自转由西向东,如果我们顺着地球自转的方向,即向东发射卫星,就可以充分利用地球自转的惯性,节省发射所需要的能量。 (2)“天宫一号”目标飞行器在距地面355 km的轨道上做圆周运动,它的线速度比7.9 km/s大还是小? 提示:第一宇宙速度7.9 km/s是卫星(包括飞船)在地面上空做圆周运动飞行时的最大速度,是卫星紧贴地球表面飞行时的速度。“天宫一号”飞行器距离地面355 km,轨道半径大于地球半径,运行速度小于7.9 km/s。 1.第一宇宙速度(环绕速度):是人造卫星在地面附近绕地球做匀速圆周运动所具有的速度,也是人造地球卫星的最小发射速度,v=7.9 km/s。

英语必修二课文原文

人教版新课标必修2u n i t1课文原文和翻译w o r d格式 IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM Frederick William Ⅰ,the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION What is a fact Is it something that people believe No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some peo ple may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence. 人教版新课标必修2 unit2 课文原文word格式 AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.

宇宙航行教案1

第5节宇宙航行 新课教学 教师活动学生活动设计意图一、宇宙速度 师组织学生观看常娥一号发 射并到达月球的全过程flsh 动画和阅读教材“宇宙速度”。 呈现问题一: 1、抛出的石头会落地,为什么卫星、月球没有落下来? 2、卫星、月球没有落下来必须具备什么条件? 师:演示抛物实验,提出问题。 牛顿的思考 与设想: (1)抛出 的速度v越大 时,落地点越远,速度不断增大,将会出现什么结果?让学生带着问题去 阅读课文 激发学生学习的 兴趣

(2)牛顿根据自 4、若此速度再增大,又会出现什么现象? 5、此抛出的物体速度增大何种程度才能绕地球做圆周运动?组织学生讨论猜 测: 1、平抛物体的速度 逐渐增大,物体的 落地点逐渐变大。 2、速度达到一定值 后,物体将不再落 回地面。 3、物体不落回地面 时环绕地面做圆周 运动,所受地面的 引力恰好来提供向 心力,满足 r mv r GMm2 2 = r GM v= ? 4、若此速度再增 大,物体不落回地 培养学生实验与 理论的结合,对 物理现象进行大 胆科学猜测的能 力。

师:(1)由上面的第5问求得的抛出的物体速度v=7.9km/s时才能绕地球做圆周运动,这一速度就是第一宇宙速度,也是发射卫星能绕地球做环绕飞行的最低发射速度。 意义:第一宇宙速度是人造卫星在地面附近环绕地球作匀速圆周运动所必须具有的速度,所以也称为环绕速度。 (2)第二宇宙速度 大小 211.2/ v km s =。 意义:使卫星挣脱地球的束缚,成为绕太阳运行的人造行星的最小发射速度,也称为脱离速度。面,也不再做匀速圆周运动,万有引力不能提供所需要的向心力,从而做离心运动,轨道为椭圆轨道 5、根据万有引力与向心力公式得 r mv r GMm2 2 = r GM v= ? s m/ 10 40 .6 10 98 .5 10 67 .6 6 24 11 ? ? ? ? = - =7.9km/s

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