当前位置：搜档网 › 托福综合写作高分范文11篇

托福综合写作高分范文11篇

Sample 0

The lecturer and the author of the article both agree that honesty is a virtue. They differ in opinion when it comes to the importance of that virtue in the grand scheme of things. The article claims that honesty must be maintained in every situation. The lecturer makes the counter argument that there are situations in which secrecy or even dishonesty are necessary for the greater good.

First of all, while the article argues that “full disclosure” is the best operating principal, the lecturer gives several examples for why that is not the case. Governments cannot always be honest with their citizen and still protect their safety. Also, sometimes new friends should wait until they get to know each other before discussing their opinions on contentious issues.

Secondly, the article’s author also makes the claim that lies are never acceptable, and that they can never be forgiven. The lecturer provides an example of a good time to lie. When a person’s feelings are at stake, as in the case of an insecure girlfriend or boyfriend, lying is often the nicest thing to do. In these cases, the lecturer argues, a lie will be more easily forgiven than cruel honesty.

While neither party believes that honesty is unimportant, the lecturer contends that sometimes there are other issues at hand. Sometimes the ends justify the means.

Sample 1

The lecturer and the writer disagree on the merits of online education. The write believes that online education is detrimental; stating that organizational issues, lack of social interaction and limited oversight will lead to a less robust education. The lecturer feels that online education is a positive revolution which will improve regulation of student progress, enhance online communication skills, and more efficiently monitor cheating.

The author believes that online course organization will differ greatly from traditional education. This will lead to problems in evaluation such as efficiently monitoring student progress, graduation rates, and student satisfaction among others. The lecturer counters this idea by claiming online courses actually provide more clear and defined tools to evaluate student progress and class engagement. The lecturer proceeds to attack another of the writer’s claims that online education limits in-person social

interaction. Instead the lecturer believes online courses enhances the web savvy of students and encourages more modern forms of communication such as email and message boards.

Lastly the writer claims that online courses allow for more dishonesty and cheating amongst students due to the inability to oversee homework and test. The lecturer disagrees and states that the internet actually controls cheaters by monitoring work environments more closely and forcing students to be more accountable. Overall the lecturer feels that online education provides many benefits to traditional education.

Sample 2

The lecturer and author disagree on the credibility of explorer Robert Peary’s expedition to the North Pole in 1909. The author claims that Peary was the first person to reach the North Pole based on verification of historical evidence provided by outside parties. The lecture sets out to discredit these institutions and paint Peary as a fame hungry liar.

The author argues that the National Geographic Society checked the evidence of Peary’s journey and concluded that his claims were true. The lecturer attempts to discredit this conclusion by attacking the credibility of the society, claiming that they consisted of Peary’s supporters who had a vested interest in verifying the expedition. Though the author discusses photographic evidence of the expedition, the lecturer goes further in stating that Peary’s original photographs were never released for independent verification. In addition he attacks the low quality of the faded photos and the loss of the original camera in attributing to unverifiable claims.

The author cites that in 2005 explorer Tom Avery took the same route as Peary using similar equipment in roughly the same amount of time. The lecturer argues that Avery took a much shorter route than Peary and had more favorable weather conditions. Overall the lecturer attack the credibility of the writer’s sources in order to disprove that Peary was the first man to the North Pole.

Sample 3

The author and lecturer disagree on the origin of Native American peoples, though both note that Native Americans believe they have always been in the Americas. The author uses archeological evidence in support of a European migration to America. The lecturer attempts to disprove the author by citing various logical fallacies and problems in the author’s arguments.

The writer uses archeological evidence to support his claims. For example the author cites that spearheads excavated in the Americas resemble those of ancient European, rather than Asian, civilization. The lecturer attempts to discredit this by arguing that the similarity in appearance is a result of similar sized animals in the Americas and in Europe, rather than a common ancestry. Going further, the lecturer claims that the 13,000 years old skull found near Mexico City, despite its similarities with European skulls, is one small piece of evidence that is insufficient in supporting the author’s larger assumptions.

Lastly the lecturer discredits the writer’s theo ry that sea migration occurred during ancient times, when Europe and America were geographically closer. Seafaring during that time had not yet been developed as evidenced by a lack of objects such as fishing nets. Therefore, the lecturer concludes that it would be impossible for Native Americans to have come from Europe. Instead the lecturer believes that a migration from Asia is more likely.

Sample 4

The author and lecturer agree that animals enjoy playing but disagree on why animals play. The author attempts to reason that animals like playing because it helps release excess energy, improve survival skills, and acts as a form of socialization. The lecturer does not provide his own opinion, but simply seeks to rebuff the author’s conclusions.

The author claims that animals play in order to release excess energy and stay healthy. The lecturer states that animals do not play simply to release energy, citing that when animals wait for their mothers to take care of them, they have little energy yet they still play. The lecturer believes that this proves there is no correlation between play and energy level. The author makes another claim that playing helps animals improve survival skills by mimicking activities such as hunting and fighting. The lecturer discredits this by referring to an example in which two groups of cats,

one that plays and the other that doesn’t, elicited the same skill level when hunting.

Lastly the lecturer attacks the writer’s argument that animals play in order to make friends and socialize. The lecturer states that socializing occurs in animals in many ways, not just through play. Mice for example continue to socialize long after they pass the age of playing. The lecturer discredits the author’s evidence for why animals play.

Sample 5

The author and lecturer are debating about the privatization of government functions. The writer believes that privatization is beneficial because of increased funds, improved facilities, and new technology. The lecturer disagrees, stating that privatization will actually lead to higher costs, weaker infrastructure, and less investment in technology.

The writer claims that the initial public sale and ongoing taxes paid by new private companies will raise money for the government. In addition it will streamline bureaucracy related to government companies and eventually pass these savings down to taxpayers. The lecturer attacks this by claiming that in the long term, profit-driven companies will have little incentive to keep prices low unless the government places limits on them. The lecturer also argues against the writer’s claim that privatization will lead to better facilities because of a desire to maintain reputation and avoid lawsuits. Instead, the lecturer states, because private companies cannot guarantee future contracts, infrastructure will suffer due to a focus on short term profits.

Lastly the lecturer rails against privatization by claiming it will give a monopoly to certain companies. Instead of acting in the public’s interest, which is the writer’s claims, the companies will be beholden to the Board of Directors. This will keep them from making investments in technology and new services. Overall the lecturer argues against privatization because of its potential long term problems.

Sample 6

The author and lecturer argue the credibility of various explanations for the cause of the Little Ice Age starting in 1250 AD. The writer claims that the ice age was caused by melting icecaps, volcanic activity, and

repercussions from the Black Death. The lecturer focuses on the writer’s arguments and attacks their feasibility.

The author states that melting glaciers prior to the ice age caused an influx of cold water into the global water circulation system, drastically dropping temperatures. The lecturer counters this argument by stating that the melting only occurred in Europe and North America, but that distant place such as New Zealand also had changes in temperature. The lecturer believes this confirms the melting was a local phenomenon and not a global one. Th e lecturer goes on to attack the writer’s claim that volcanic dust caused from increased activity during that time caused the ice age. The lecturer argues that this kind of temperature fluctuation could only result from worldwide eruptions which would leave significant records, of which there are none.

Lastly the author claims that the Black Death killed many farmers, eventually turning farmland into forest, reducing carbon dioxide and reversing global warming. The lecturer believes this argument is impossible since the transfer of farmland to forest happens at a slow pace and could not justify such a marked fluctuation.

Sample 7

The writer and lecturer disagree on the repercussions of controlled burning in forestry management. The writer believes controlled burning has a negative impact because it harms wildlife, emits excess carbon dioxide, and wastes resources. The lecturer counters these arguments noting that wildlife is not harmed, carbon dioxide emissions are limited, and that controlled burning actually saves resources in the long run.

The writer believes that burning kills wildlife, especially babies and weak animals that cannot flee the burn area. The lecturer does not agree, claiming that biologists are consulted beforehand to limit the impact on wildlife and save many animals, such as migrating birds. Secondly the writer argues that fires will increase carbon dioxide which will make it difficult for animals and humans to later return to burned areas. The lecturer argues that this is not true because many animals in the forest help accelerate the removal of carbon dioxide and quickly restore air quality to the region.

Lastly the author makes the case that controlled burning wastes economic resources because it requires renting equipment and hiring laborers on a temporary basis. The lecturer makes the case that natural fires cause more damage and wastes more resources because they are unpredictable. As a

result controlled burning actually is a more efficient way to save money and use resources.

Sample 8

The writer and lecturer disagree on the underlying reasons that caused the demise of the Mayan civilization. The writer believes that a two hundred year drought in the 9th and 10th centuries is the best explanation due to scientific evidence, the coincidental end of the Mayan writing system and related incidents in the Amazon during that time. The lecturer disagrees and argues that drought was a common problem and that a civil war could be a better explanation for the Mayan descent.

The writer believes that a drought during that time caused deforestation, soil erosion, and higher temperatures eventually making Mayan life unsustainable. The lecturer attacks this idea by noting that drought often take place throughout Mayan history, occurring approximately every two hundred years. The writer also claims that the demise of the Mayan writing system coincides with the drought and thereby supports the drought theory. The lecturer does not directly address this but instead goes on to consider that a civil war could be a better explanation due to hieroglyphic evidence that was left behind by the losing survivors.

Lastly the lecturer argues that it is foolish to find correlation in the demise of the Mayan and Amazon civilization, which the writer attempts to do. The lecturer explains that the Mayans had better water storage system and better preventative measures for drought.

Sample 9

The lecturer and writer of the article disagree on the importance of sleep. The writer believes sleep serves a critical part in improving memory, renewing energy, and expelling negative substances. The lecturer believes the importance of sleep is exaggerated and uses examples to scrutinize the writer’s arguments.

The writer believes sleep is important in helping consolidate memories, stating that a good sleep improves memory and performance the following day. The lecturer counters this argument by claiming that only a base level of sleep is necessary to memorize information, and in fact too much sleep can be detrimental because it causes drowsiness. The writer makes another claim that sleep replenishes energy through reduced

sensory inputs and calorie intake. The lecturer disagrees and argues that medicine, caffeine, and energy drinks are more effective and practical

than sleeping.

Lastly the writer states that enzymes use sleeping periods to repair damaged brain cells and expel bad substances which accrue during high

metabolic activity while people are awake. The lecturer rails against this argument because its conclusions are based on studies of those with

abnormal sleep deprivation. Therefore there can be no conclusion drawn for healthy normal individuals about the merits of sleep. The lecturer

concludes that though sleep is necessary, its merits are vastly overblown and unfounded.

Sample 10

The writer and lecturer disagree on the merits of music education in

public schools. The writer feels that music education should be the parents’ responsibility, claiming it wastes important study time and

taxpayer money. The lecture feels music education is important because it leads to success in other areas, is a worthwhile expense, and encourages lifelong appreciation of music.

The writer believes music education is a luxury and should be supported

privately by parents and families. Time in elementary schools should be dedicated towards the study of more useful subjects such as math and reading. The lecturer disagrees, stating that music education is very beneficial and helps develop a child’s memory and concentration, thereby impacting reading and mathematical skills.

The writer also claims that music education is a waste of money because it would better serve schools to spend funds on more critical things, such as building infrastructure and facilities. In addition the writer feels the investment isn’t worthwhile because many students will not become professional musicians. The lecturer disagrees by citing the cost effectiveness of buying instruments which can be used by many students over many years, rather than having one parent buy an instrument for one child. Lastly the lecturer argues that music education has long term benefits of increased creativity, lower drop out rates, and a lifelong interest in learning.

托福综合写作7范文托福作文的综合写作应该写

托福综合写作7范文托福作文的综合写作应该写托福作文写作应该分为三个层次，也就是我们确定中心思想后应该找三个理由来支持。托福写作还有一个五段论，第一段为中心思想，二三四为支持段落，第五段总结观点。这个就是所谓的八股文。但是形式不能太明显，在表达中多加入自己的思想，八股文的形式会隐晦一些。一般这种写作可以助你在托福作文中取得高分。构建综合写作整体，你可以从以下这几个方面入手：第一，将听力及阅读中的核心观点提炼出来，并指明对应的两个观点是支持还是对立；第二，分为几个段落，分别从不同角度总结出两个观点的论据。最后，重申主要论证观点并注意切忌掺加个人观点。听力结束后，考生还会有时间回看阅读文章，所以不用完整记忆阅读文章的论点和论据，记下核心即可。有问题，可以再问我。我觉得 ___老师讲的不太对，我自己本身也在 ___培训过，感觉他们讲的方法都是很过时的方法，不太适用于新托福的考试。下面是我自己考了四次托福的感想： 2、其实考试的时候，观点找错的情况似乎不太会发生。。。因为阅读里面都有提示了啊。。。一般不会弄错的，所以不用担心，

重点是细节不要搞错，要挺清楚细节说了那几点，尽量不要落下那个点，细节齐全 3、写得时候模板适当用用，但是表全部都用，那样文章就有点僵硬了，你自己读着通顺就好啊。 4、文章内部用词要有多样性，要适当地用一些高级的词汇，如重要的这个意思，你不要只用important, 这样显得你不认识多少单词，可以用significant, vital, essential, of great importance, core, 这种意思相近的单词或者是意群来表达，这样他们就认为你词汇量大了。 5、写综合写作最能体现你的词汇量和句型的多边性，所以不要直接照抄听力或者是阅读的内容，这样就表现不出你自己了，多看看新概念4里面的表达方法，哪些句型神马的都很好，对考试很有用！！！ 6、模板没有对错之分，你自己需要好一个模板，然后自己用自己弄出来的，这样比较好，不过这种东西都差不多，重点还是看个人的表达神马的，还有词汇量什么的。

新托福满分作文范文(30篇).pdf

托福独立写作六篇高分范文推荐写作题目

托福独立写作：六篇高分范文推荐写作题目: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People spend too much money on their pets even though there can be other good ways to spend money. Give details and examples to support your response. 人们花了太多的钱在宠物身上，而实际上有其他更好的消费方式，用细节和例子支撑你的观点。写作范文 With the rise of the middle class, more and more people spend money on things that are not essential to their daily needs. As the average wealth of households has increased, many trends have emerged. One trend that has appeared recently in my neighborhood is the increase in the amount of money people spend on their pets, and for me this is definitely the truth. The reason why people spend too much money on their pets is because they believe their pets to be more than just animals. They assign to them many human characteristics. This does not mean that I do not like pets. I love pets. My father is a biologists and growing up our house was always filled with lots of strange and unique pets. Pets play a very important role in families and I think we should take care of animals. I love volunteering for the local animal shelter and helping find homes for stray pets. I like taking care of animals and I will be the first to help an animal in need. I do not, however, believe that we should treat pets like humans. My neighbors, on the other hand, have a different opinion. They love their dogs, but I think they are a rather extreme when it comes to taking care of their dogs. For example, their dogs have their own feather beds that cost 300 dollars each. I think tha t’s how much all of the furniture in my bedroom costs! My neighbors claim that their dogs have back problems and that the dogs need these beds. I am not sure the dogs realize this, because last time I visited my neighbors I saw that the dogs had ripped a bunch of holes in these beds. Maybe humans think these dog beds are more comfortable, but I highly doubt that dogs know the difference between a several hundred dollar mattress and a ten dollar mattress. Buying these kinds of luxury items for pets is very silly. Spending exorbitant amounts of money on one’s pet is not only pointless, but it’s also wasteful. It’s pointless because pets can’t determine the quality of an object. It’s wasteful, because there are so many better things on which to spend

托福综合作文写作万能模板

托福综合作文写作万能模板一，对立类（就一个事物判断是与否agree or disagree） 1,开头（给出A B C三个方案） A方案.(GM) With the development/introduction…, xxx, the xxx, are more and more +adj/ become adj increasingly. Xxx often face the dilemma of whether to vt …… with all aspects carefully considered, I believe that……/ I think to vt what would be a better choice. B方案．在日常生活中，有很多值得我们去推敲判断的问题。就像我们看到上文作者提出的问题时，你会如何认为？（有的人认为……；也有的人认为……；）就我的来说，如下的考虑方向使得我认为……。 In daily life /during our life, so many problems are worth considering carefully. As what has been come up with, when you face/when it comes to /there is a public debate today that/recently the problem has been brought into focus that… ……what is your choice and what is your opinion? Some hold the view that/some think………..while the others believe that………. However, with all aspects carefully considered, I believe that…………… 零碎的句子：A is a common way of ….., but is it a wise one？Some people hold the different view…… C方案. (excellent) 如果发现能够用到反问排比就这样套句,前提是你的例子充足多，头脑风暴用的又好又快。

托福独立写作满分范文下载

托福独立写作满分范文下载托福独立写作可谓是托福考试中的一道拦路虎，在这里为大家整理一片托福独立写作的满分范文，供同学们参考。 Does technology make children less creative than in the past? Are our kids becoming lazier and less creative, less imaginable than before as a consequence of highlyadvanced technology? My answer is no, and just the opposite, technology has apparently assisted our kids tobecome more creative. First and foremost, technology has provided children with easy access to scientific and liberal art resourceswhich is their best source of inspiration. For example, children could now easily gain access to academic databasesthrough iPad screen, read classical works on Kindle, or watch historic documents on Internet. These great worksare essentially helpful to arousing their curiosity and prepares them with key knowledge necessary for any creation.However, these wonderful equipments and facilities are never as handy in the past, when kids could only reachlimited resources in public libraries or schools. In this sense, technology has provided the possibility for children tobe more creative. Second, technology has equipped children with professional apparatus which could finally realize theirimagination. This takes form particularly as computer softwares and applications, such as Photoshop for creativegraphic design, Overture for easily composing a piece of music, 3DMax for building up a virtual world, etc.. Allthe software were never as handy as they are at present, and this would absolutely provides our children aneffective tool for realizing their creativity. Third, technology itself is a market place where creative ideas are economically encouraged. Steve Jobsearned millions of dollars a year for his unparallel creation, and Mark Zuckberg gained his reputation for thegenius social network. Therefore, technology has provided children the internal motive to develop their creativity. However, it is undeniable that technology might make children become lazier and be comfortable with whatis already available because everything are so convenient nowadays and there seems to be no way to improve them.Children lost in

托福综合写作万能模板：IBT综合写作模板

托福综合写作万能模板：IBT综合写作模板 In this listening material, the professor made several points about ____________. First of all / Moreover / Furthermore, the professor states / claims / argues / discusses / mentions / talks / indicates / says / contends / raises the issue / demonstrates / makes the point / holds / believes / shows that __________________, while the reading passage (反对)contradicts / departs from / refutes / disagrees with / opposes to the writer’s expectation / casts doubt on / presents a (totally) different idea / jeopardizes / differs from / on the contrary / makes the explanation seem less likely / in contrast /(支持)supports / illustrates / strengthens / agrees with / bolsters / (perfectly) reinforces / presents the same view that ____________.

托福独立写作满分范文30篇

托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏（１） Which one do you prefer, to solve problems on your own experience and knowledge, or to ask others for advice? As knowledge and experience serve as twim towers in problem-solving, one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment, eitther to wrack his brain, just like what happened to Neuton, siiting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out ond of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe, or to seek for others ’ widsom through their advice, just as in the case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’ advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and knowledge related to problem-solving can be obtained by personal effort alone due to limitations of mind and capabilities of each individual. A single thought in someone’s mind is, more often than not, far less shining compared with group ’s wisdom. That explains the famous old saying that one sees further when standing upon the shoulders’ of past great giants; that explains why a great leader is always with greater minds; that also explains why teamwork in corperation is highly emphasized in the 21st century. Brainstorm and exchange of ideas between different thoughts never fail to enhance capabilities of each individula involved, a team, a company, an institution, a country, or even the entire global village. Asking others’ advice instead of getting everything done on one’s own promotes democracy and communication too. In terms of democracy, it is necessary to give others rights and chances to speak since the problem may concern them in different ways, and their saying in turn reflects our respect toward freedom of speech as well as their wisdom. In terms of communication, idea exchange sometimes focuses more than solutions, and hereby better mutual understanding about perspectives, principles, praticalities and personalities of each other. Admittely turning to others for help and suggestion by no means refers to absolute and irresponsible dependence. Consideration upon different thoughts and ideas broadens our mind, enlarges our vision, furthers understanding, enhances more effective and efficient brainstorm, and stresses mutual respect in groups and communities, which undoubtedly gives rise to better, if not the best solutions. As is paraphrasedfrom John F Kenedy, brainstormed, there is little we cannot do while divided, there is little we can do. 托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏(2) Case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others' advice contribute greatly

托福综合写作模板：写作经典句式

托福综合写作模板：写作经典句式 Both the lecture and the reading discussed …. However, their viewpoints are strongly contradictory for several reasons. First, the reading points out that …, but the lecturer supposes that …. And he also argues that …, thus… Moreover, the author holds that ... The lecturer, however, believes that…. Since it is …, …. Besides, the professor also refutes the idea that ... from the passage. He provides us with the instance/reason that.... In sum, according to the discussion above, the speaker totally disagrees with the conclusions revealed in the reading passage. Frequently Used Sentences 1 We are so development-oriented that we almost can sacrifice moral values for the purpose of obtaining a little material gain. 2 It is often reported in our daily newspapers that university undergraduates commit crimes, XXX from XXX University, is a case in point. 3 According to the latest paper published by the Chinese Academy of Social Science, the number of smoking people is increasing at an accelerating speed (alarming rate), especially in China.

托福 tpo26 综合写作范文

In terms whether the zebra mussel will exert negative influence on North American, the passage and lecture are contradictory to each other. The author believes that zebra mussel might do harm the local species as they arrived while the lecturer holds a different opinion. First of all, the author makes a point that the history events suggest the zebra mussel's invasion is unstoppable. In the past, human transportation makes it possible for zebra mussel spread around the whole Europe and it is likely to happen again in North American. However, the lecturer demonstrates a different idea that a change made in the "ballast water" will prevent the invasion of zebra mussel from continuing. He says that if we refill the "ballast water" with ocean water, the mussel will no longer survive because the saline water might probably kill them all. Second, contrary to the belief in the passage that zebra mussel is able to conquer the new habitat due to their high reproduction rates and adaptation ability, as well as lacking predator, the lecturer says that the hypothesis made by author is not true. He mentions that there are many local bird will eat the zebra mussel as a major prey. As a result, the zebra mussel is unlikely to dominate the new habitat. Finally, regarding whether the zebra mussel will cause the decline in the fish population since they may compete for food such as plankton with fish species. The author thinks it is a possible consequence brought by zebra mussel. However, the lecturer refutes it that the mussel can't reduce the fish population because they provide enough nutrient for bottom living fish.

托福写作必备4篇范文

The government should offer internet access to all of citizens at no cost. 1.Easier attaching to information 2.More convenient for citizens to communicate 3.Decrease burden for poor people Never do topics concerning internet fail to fascinate us under the ever-increasing development of internet nowadays in the modern society. A lot of people believe that internet is to citizens what water is to fish. From my perspective, I support that citizens accessing to internet should be free based on the following reasons. It is obvious that we are now in the new era of global information, so accessing the internet could be really important to us. If the government proposes that the citizens could use the internet for free, we will concerning about the cost no more so that we can check a lot of information posted online which means we are able to attach to information. Or else, citizens will have to choose cheaper but much slower ways to search for information such as going to the library or asking other people. For instance, I have homework to do every day and the teacher usually puts the materials I may need onto schoology—an online application that can store information. So when sometimes when I am outside home, I cannot use it because it will create cost, in this situation I feel it is necessary for the government to let us using the internet for free.

【必备资料】托福独立写作满分范文-现在人更容易保持健康

【必备资料】托福独立写作满分范文-现在人更容易保持健康对于托福写作来说，最为重要的额就是积累中不断的借鉴别人的经验，灵活运用，才能使自己的文章锦上添花。下面点课台教育就为大家推荐一篇高分范文，希望能为大家的托福写作带来帮助。托福独立写作题目： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Nowadays it is easier to maintain good health than in the past. Use specific examples to support your answer. 托福独立写作范文： Currently, the average life expectancy of the Earth’s population is at an all--‐time high. Many factors have contributed to this, but the main reason people live longer now than ever before is because it is easier to live a healthier life than in the past. The main reason people live longer now is that the overall diet of modern society has improved. This can be attributed to advances in agricultural production. Thanks to more efficient and cost--‐ effective machinery and transportation, food is more abundant and cheaper now more than ever. Fruits, for example, are more readily available than before. In the past, summer fruits such as strawberries and oranges were not available during the wintertime. Now, because of refrigeration and greenhouse technology, we can buy any kind of fruit, regardless of the season. This allows people to have a wider variety of vitamins in their diet, increasing their overall health. In addition to the advancement of agricultural science, there have been great advances in nutritional science. Scientists and dietitians understand more now than they did in the past about what is required in our daily diets. Issues like vitamin deficiency were not properly understood in the past, so people would have several complications without understanding the cause or the cure. People also better understand what foods to avoid. For example in the past, gout was a serious problem among men, who did not understand that a diet of rich and oily foods with few vegetables was the cause of this health defect. Now, proper nutrition is common knowledge and each year advances are made in understanding health. We know more know, so it’s easier for us to maintain