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2013年5月真题及答案

2013年5月真题及答案
2013年5月真题及答案

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2013.5.11

PartⅠ Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet。

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Don’t think your fat cells won’t notice. A new study pu blished in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effect on fat cells, reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term, this decreased response could set the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight gain.

The study adds to a grow ing body of evidence that there’s “an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good, healthy body weight,” says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland.(76)But Americans don’t seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours per night. More than 1 in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average.

So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young, thin and healthy and agr eed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a night,” says Brady. Then, a month later, they came back for four additional nights——but this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit, researchers got a sample of their fat.(77)Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep.“ I was very surprised to be honest,” he says.

Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend,” he says. “They’re there to store lipids (血脂).” When lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when you’re exercising or sleeping or going about your day. “However, when fat cells star t to become insulin resistant, the lipids start to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream,” Brady says.

1. According to the passage, lack of sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of

the following EXCEPT_____.

A. heart disease

B. weight gain

C. diabetes

D. liver disease

2. The main idea of the third paragraph is_____

A. how to write a medical research paper

B. how to avoid sleep loss

C. how the research was conducted

D. how to conduct a medical experiment

3. What does the “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. Leap.

B. Lead.

C. Lean.

D. Leak.

4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin.

B. More and more studies are done to study the link between sleep and weight.

C. More than 20% of Americans are not getting enough sleep.

D. Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health.

5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

A. Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and Disease

B. Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat Study

C. Americans Should Have More Than Six Hours of Sleep

D. Bad Things Happen if Fat Cells Become Our Friend

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30°F and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic(北极)is home.

(78)Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger areas of summer sea ice to melt(融化). Experts say that if warming patterns continue, the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050. That may cause two-thirds of the world's 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too.

Polar bears can't survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice.(79)Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionless beside a seal's breathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it

with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return.

With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs(大片浮冰), and they can't always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated from their mothers, who provide them with food.

Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. "The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance we'll alter our warming path in time to save them," he says.

6. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Climate Change in the Arctic

B. How to Protect the Environment

C. The Arctic Is Home to Polar Bears

D. Polar Bears in Danger

7. Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?

A. On land

B. In open water.

C. In openings in the sea ice.

D. At the bottom of the sea.

8. The word "cubs" in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to_____

A. adults

B. babies

C. hunters

D. enemies

9. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be

killed either for food or safety.

B. Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely.

C. Two-thirds of the world's polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global

warming continues.

D. The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears,

because they are excellent swimmers.

10. What's the mission of Polar Bears International?

A. Saving energy.

B. Conducting scientific research.

C. Seeking international cooperation.

D. Saving polar bears and their home.

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate(有读写能力的) without any formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach, which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the other skills that we teach?

Of course there will always be learning by osmosis(耳濡目染)in any school, but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a child's moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration, courage and honor: qualities which are commonly known as virtue(美德).

I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed(使融入)itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned about their feelings and moves. (80)It’s also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually out of control.

Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. When something goes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when a student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as, "that was really disrespectful and selfish of you!" we draw out from them the required virtue: "When you're walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use?"

11. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?

A. Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past

few years.

B. The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to

encourage character development in children.

C. Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and

the same realities in their lives.

D. Role plays are an excellent way of getting students to practice their English.

12. We can infer from the first paragraph that_.

A. there tends to be disagreement about what character education is

B. most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schools

C. the approach to character education is generally considered different from the

approaches to other skills

D. more and more schools are adopting strategies to improve school attendance

13. The word "philosophy" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.

A. study

B. subject

C. viewpoint

D. investigation

14. The author is a_____

A. teacher

B. librarian

C. reporter

D. manager

15. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to build character in children?

A. Story readings and discussions.

B. Osmosis.

C. Taking every opportunity to teach character.

D. Role play.

P a r tⅡV o c a b u l a r y a n d S t r u c t u r e(30%) Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choice marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。

16. So much ______about his ships on the sea that he didn’t sleep for a single minute all night

A. did he worry

B. he did worry

C. he worried

D. worried be

I7. His new novel is said ______ into a film last y ear.

A.to make

B.to have made

C.to be made

D.to have been made

I8. He tried several times to pass the exam. _______ the end, he succeeded.

A.On

B.I n

C.At

D.By

19. The report of an earthquake (地震)in the south China Sea has not been ____yet.

A. conflicted

B. confused C confined D. confirmed

20. The clouds are gathering. We’d better hurry and ____the department store in case it rains.

A. hand in

B. face up to

C. head for

D. back up

21. There is only one boat _____for hire, I'm afraid you have to wait for the next one.

A. superior

B. capable

C. complicated

D. available

22. I think fishing is a nice hobby but needs a good deal of_________.

A. relation

B. 1imitation

C. strength

D. patienc c

23. Finally we made a ____that I should cook dinner and she would wash up after.

A.t r i p

B.bar gai n

C.f ace

D.f ool

24. The old man was found ______on the floor.

A.1ying dead

B.1ying death

C. laying dead

D.1aying death

25.If one _____a crime, he will be punished

A. makes

B. commits

C. performs

D. achieves

26. If you insist on doing that, please take me into _______.

A. think

B. thinking

C. thought

D. consideration

27. The letters PTA ______parent-teacher association.

A. stand for

B. call for C reach for D. care for

28. On______side of the street were standing young boys and girls to welcome the President.

A. both

B. two

C. either

D. every

29. Hospital doctors don't go out very often as their work _____ all their time. .

A.takes away

B. takes in

C. takes over

D.takes up

30. The______of blood always makes him sick.

A.si ght

B.vi ew

C.l ook

D.form

31. She sent her application to the university last week, but ____any response up to now.

A. didn’t receive EL weren’t receiving C hadn’t received D. hasn’t received

32. _____by the teacher in class, John felt quite depressed and kept silent the whole evening

A. Criticizing

B. To criticize

C. Criticized

D. Having criticized

33. I'd play football with you now if I_________ten years younger.

A.am

B.be

C.had been

D.were

34. All the books, _____had some pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.

A.whi ch

B.t hat

C.who

D.whose

35.It i s known t hat_____Gal i l eo i nvent ed ____t el escope^.

A.. th e…. th e

B.. /...th e

C.. a..../

D.. th e….a

36.The silk produced in Hangzhou feels extremely______

A.soft

B.soft l y

C.soft ness

D.soft y

37. Not a single mistake _____ in the test.

A. he made

B. did he make

C. he has made

D. made he

38.Would you mind _____ a photo of you?

A. me take

B. to take

C. my taking

D. me to take

39. The lady treats the boy next door well as if he ____her own son.

A..i s

B.w as

C.w er e

D.w oul d be

40. The city ______I was born is on the new railway line.

A.whi ch

B.t hat

C.on whi ch

D.wher e

41. It _____ yesterday, for the ground is still wet now.

A. must have rained EL was raining C. rained D. had raised

42. If professor Jones arrives tomorrow, either yon or I ____ to meet him at the airport.

A.ar e

B.i s

C.am

D.w er e

43. _____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does n’t seem high at ail.

A. When compared

B. Compare

C. While comparing

D. Comparing

44. On this special occasion, I’d like to express my ______wishes for your future happiness

A.obvious

B.si ncere

C.hopeful

D.honest

45. He doesn’t spend much time_____his homework.

A.i n

B..w i t h

C.on

D..f or

Part ⅢIdentification (10%)

Directions: Each of the following sentence has four underline parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

46. He is such strong a man that he can lift ten stones like this one.

A B C D

47. It was until after his death that he was recognized as a great composer.

A B C D

48. Get to the top of the hill, but you will see the whole city.

A B C D

49. Is that the reason because you are in favor of the proposal ?

A B C D

50. There was so much noise in the room that I could hardly hear myself to think.

A B C D

51. When Daddy will come back, I am going to tell him everything about your poor

A B C

performance at school.

D

52. Some people like to eat apples, but others prefer bananas for apples.

A B C D

53. Most tree frogs change colors from time to time to fit in with its environment.

A B C D

54. As a slow student, Jane hasn’t finished her test in time, is she ?

A B C D

55. There are only two things worth to read in this newspaper—the TV

A B C

listings and the sports page.

D

Part Ⅳ CLOZE (10%)

Life as a woman in the colonial (殖民的) America seems quite different from it is today. Women were considered inferior to men, a fact 56 in tradition, law, and religion. Their place was in the home, 57 they were to serve as devoted wives and mother. They were therefore considered unfit to operate 58 political being

56. A. rooted B. rooting C. caused D. causing

57. A. that B. which C. when D. where

58. A. for B. as C. in D. along

and unable to 59 the benefits of citizenship given to men. Very few women 60 a college education, secured a well-paid job, or pursued a fruitful career. Other than marrying well, they could do 61 to improve their economic status.

59. A. view B. start C. enjoy D. spread

60. A. trained B. designed C. acquired D. studied

61. A. fewer B. few C. less D. little

62 their secondary status, women 63 play a central role in developing, civilizing, and advancing the nation long before the United States gained its independence 64 Great Britain. During the colonial period, they made great contributions to family and community. They worked alongside their husbands 65 family survival demanded that chores (杂事) be shared by all. Women helped to sow, plant, and harvest crops. They 66 pigs and chickens, planted gardens and milked cows. This need for shared male and female labor 67 a constant theme (主题)as families moved to the frontier, where all family members' having to work 68 essential.

62. A. In spite of B. In place of C. Instead of D. In need of

63. A. do B. did C. were D. was

64. A. for B. with C. to D. from

65. A. since B. before C. although D. while

66 .A. raised B. rose C. arose D. aroused

67. A. hesitated B. sacrificed C. remained D. changed

68. A. improved B. proved C. swelled D. founded

69 scholars still debate the nature of white women's standing during the colonial period, many of them admit that colonial women 70 some standing in their families and communities 71 their contributions were so essential. A woman might 72 chores in the home but also assist her husband in 73 a newspaper or a store. But this cooperative (合作的) approach did not translate into 74 rights for women; instead, it 75 the realities and uncertainties of colonial life.

69. A. After B. Since C. Although D. Because

70. A. switched B. balanced C. spared D. achieved

7I. A. because B. before C. although D. while

72. A. thrive B. perform C. supply D. process

73. A. reading B. requiring C. buying D. running

74. A. loyal B. equal C. upright D. proud

75 .题目暂无

Part Ⅴ(20%)

Section A

Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.

76. But Americans don’t seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine

hours per night.

77. Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep.

78. Polar bears have thick fur,big paws and other features that make them well

prepared for life in their tough environment.

79. Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift

seals in the water.

80. It's also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually

goes out of control.

Section B

Directions:In this part there are five sentences in Chinese.You should translate them into English.Be sure to write clearly.

81. 昨天我花了两个小时阅读和回复电子邮件。

82. 你认识昨天做报告的那个人吗?

83. 她已经邀请我们去她的生日聚会。

84. 我一到那儿,就给你打电话。

85. 去年,她被提升为经理。

2013年5月11日学位英语考试答案

阅读理解部分:

1-5. ACDDB 6-10. DCBCD 11-15. BCCAA

第一篇文章为说明文,中心思想是睡眠缺乏将导致脂肪细胞对胰岛素的反应能力降低,从而引起健康方面的疾病,包括糖尿病,脂肪肝及身体肥胖。文章第一部分提出问题,指出睡眠缺乏对脂肪细胞的影响,从而影响健康,导致多种疾病。第二段讲该研究的发现,解释了充足睡眠与健康体重的关系,指出美国人有五分之一的人有睡眠缺乏的问题。第三段介绍整个实验实施的程序与步骤,第四段指出脂肪细胞对健康的重要性。当脂肪细胞无法存储足够的脂肪时,这些原本在脂肪细胞中的脂肪会流入到血液中,从而使血液中的脂肪含量增高。

第二篇文章为说明文,讲述了由于地球变暖引发北极冰雪融化,从而导致北极熊处于危险的处境。第一段介绍北极的概况,并说对北极熊来说北极是它们的家。第二段介绍说北极熊需要太平洋的冰才能存活。而夏天北极的冰雪因为气候变化,大片的区域已经开始融化。到2050年会使2/3的北极熊消失。第三段介绍北极熊不能在陆地上存活的太久,因为它们的食物主要是海狮,而唯一的

捕获海狮的地方就是在冰面上。而且它们有自己的捕猎技巧。到了夏天,陆地上的北极熊吃得很少,等着海洋冰的到来。第四段介绍海冰到来的晚或者消失的早,都会加大北极熊捕猎海豹的难度,并且因为冰面变薄会导致小北极熊跟它们出去觅食的母亲分开。第五段介绍北极熊国际组织的目标是拯救北极熊以及它们的家园,和这个机构共的主要科学家Steven Amstrup说的越多的人看见北极熊,明白它们的困境;人们会越好的把握时机来拯救北极熊。

第三篇为议论文,讲述了作者和他的工作人员把美德融入到课程和学校生活中,来鼓励学生的性格发展。第一段提出了论点,为什么孩子的性格发展和学校所教的其他技能不同。第二段讲述了孩子的道德修养需要美德的加强。第三段讲述了用角色扮演的方法来塑造孩子的性格。第四段讲述了作为老师应该帮助并引导学生性格的塑造。

语法和词汇部分:

16-20. ADBDC 21-25. DDBAB 26-30. DACDA

31-35. DCDAB 36-40. ABCCD 41-45. ACABC

挑错部分:

46-50. AACCD 51-55. ADDDB

完形填空部分:

56-60. ADBCC 61-65. DABDA 66-70. ACBCD 71-75. ABDBC

翻译:

76. 但是美国人看起来没有明白我们每天晚上需要7到9小时的睡眠。

77. Brady解释说脂肪细胞对缺乏睡眠有很大的反应。

78.北极熊有厚的毛皮,大的脚掌,和其它一些特征使得它们能够为这种艰苦环境的生活做好准备。

79. 尽管这些北极熊是游泳能手,在水中它们比不上如闪电般迅速的海

豹。

80. 它也是一个安全的方式,来让孩子们自己经历谎言失控时的情景。

81. I spent about two hours in reading and replying emails yesterday.

82. Do you know the man who gave a lecture yesterday?

83. She has already invited us to her birthday party.

84. I will call you the moment I get there.

85. She was promoted to the position of manager last year.

2013年12月英语四级真题及答案详解

2013年12月英语四级真题 作文一: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. “Dear Andy-How are you? Your mother and I are fine.We both miss you and hope you are doing well.We look forward to seeing you again the nest time your computer crashes and you come down-stairs for something to eat,Love,Mom and Dad.” 作文二: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why doesn’t simply mean learning to obtain information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

全国2013年10月自学考试03708中国近现代史纲要试题及答案

2013年10月全国自考中国近现代史纲要试卷真题 课程代码:03708 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。 选择题部分 注意事项: 1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题 纸规定的位置上。 2. 每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。 1.最早对兴办洋务的指导思想作出完整表述的人是:A A.冯桂芬 B.马建忠 C.王韬 D.郑观应 2.洋务运动时期,清政府建立的新式海军的主力是:B A.福建水师 B.北洋水师 C.南洋水师 D.广东水师 3.洋务派创办的第一个规模较大的近代军事企业是:B

A.马尾船政局 B.江南制造总局 C.天津机器局 D.湖北枪炮厂 4.1898年,为对抗维新变法而发表《劝学篇》的洋务派官僚是:C A.李鸿章 B.左宗棠 C.张之洞 D.刘坤一 5.戊戌维新时期,维新派在上海创办的影响较大的报刊是:D A.《万国公报》 B.《国闻报》 C.《湘报》 D.《时务报》 6.戊戌维新时期,谭嗣同撰写的宣传变法维新主张的著作是:D A.《新学伪经考》 B.《变法通义》 C.《日本变政考》 D.《仁学》 7.在武昌起义前夕的保路运动中,斗争最激烈的省份是:C A.湖南 B.湖北

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