英语专业四级阅读长难句翻译练习题集锦

英语专业四级阅读长难句翻译练习题集锦

（一）

In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms "well" and "wellness" only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health.

(06.12 Passage 2)

主干：some health specialists have begun to apply...

主句部分，不定式to apply...用作begun的宾语。apply...to...表示“把......应用于......”，句中表示“把well和wellness这样的词只用来指那些人”。who引导的定语从句修饰those。

译文：然而，近些年来，一些健康专家开始把“健康”和“健康状况良好”这样的字眼只使用到那些积极努力去保持并改善自身健

康状况的人身上。

（二）

1. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.

2. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character.

3. Contraction of front and side parts as cells die off was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.

4. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.

5. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.

参考答案：

1、在东京国立大学的同事们的帮助下，他开始对一千来自不同职业的人群进行了大脑体积的测量。

2、计算机技术帮助研究人员获得人脑前部和侧部的准确体积，这是与人的智能和情绪有关的部分，而且也决定人的性格特点。

3、有的人(大脑)前部和侧部的收缩——随着细胞的死亡——在三十多岁时就能被观察到了，但是也有些人直到六七岁依然不明显。

4、研究结果表明在农村的人大脑收缩基本上比城市里的人要早。

5、在政府部门从事简单重复工作的白领也像农场工人、公共汽车司机和商店职员一样大脑细胞容易收缩。

（三）

1. We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you.

2. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.

3. We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them in all we know , and make men of them.

4. In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the earth’s postwar era, there was quite a

wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day.

5. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives. We are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem.

参考答案：

1、我们知道你们很看重你们在大学里面教育的学习方法，而且我们的年轻人与你们生活的花费即使对于你们来说也不便宜。

2、但是你们也要明白不同的民族看待事物有不同的方法，所以如果刚好我们的看法与你们的不一样的话，你们也不应觉的被冒犯了。

3、当然，对于你们的盛情我们没有被逼迫的感觉，尽管我们拒绝接受。而且，为了表示我们的感谢，如果维吉利亚洲的绅士们愿意派来一些他们的子弟的话，我们会尽全力教育他们，并把他们培养成为真正的男人。

4、在这个像是计算机史前时代的时代，地球的战后时代，人们普遍担忧有一天计算机会取代人类控制世界。

5、今天或者不到五十年后，计算机将越来越多的减轻人们的工作事务和日常琐事。我们也将面对一个没有什么戏剧性和更不可预测的问题。

（四）

1. Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.

2. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.

3. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travellers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it , let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface.

4. The first time that the question “ What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed.

5. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.

参考答案：

1、显然，如果你不得不检查计算机提供的所有答案的话，对它投资就没有任何意义了。但是当人们觉的计算机确实出了一些问题的时候，应该靠自己内部的“计算机”来检查机器。

2、当然牛顿在他的作品中写到了一些理论方面的东西，但他不愿进行更加深刻的研究。

3、除了一些洲际旅行者和以大海为生的人，对于大多数人来说，大海是遥远的，没有什么必要提出太多问题，更别说思考大海海底的东西了。

4、当铺设一条从欧洲到美洲的海底电报光缆的时候，出于商业动机，人们第一次不得不回答这个问题“海底是什么东西”。

5、在早期的尝试中，光缆铺设失败，不得不取出来维修。这时人们发现上面覆盖有生物，这****了当时科学界认为深海没有生命的理论。

（五）

1. For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers.

2. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs.

3. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities.

4. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.

5. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.

参考答案：

1、学生们所学的每一门课程都有分数，而且要被记录存档，这可以用来提供给将来学生的雇主们。

2、所有这些给学生们施加了很大的压力，尽管如此，学生们还是积极参加学生活动。

3、而有效遵守纪律的学生们往往是那些经常给校方提建议的学生。

4、当丈夫们和妻子们认识到这种能量圈的意思以及各个家庭成员所处的圈之后，许多家庭争吵就结束了。

5、只要可能，在下午做那些程序化的工作，把需要更多能量的工作留到你效率最好的时候去做。

（六）

The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls "free writing." (07.6 Passage 2)

主干：The practice...is what...

定语从句that can...修饰主语The practice,从句中的介词短语 past your...habits作宾语you的补语，as you write引导的时

间状语从句修饰trying to edite。what引导的表语从句中用了“call+宾语+补语”的结构，what是宾语，free writing是补语。

译文：这种可以帮助你克服在写作的同时就试图编辑的坏习惯的做法便是Elbow所称作的“自由式”写作。

（七）

As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing

disease-especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. (06.12 Passage 2)

主干：the focus has been shifting

1. 句首As引导非限制性定语从句，As指代主句所说的内容，在从句中作seen的宾语。

2. 主句中破折号后的内容是短语介词in terms of引导的介词短语作状语，表示“从......方面来说”，changing与前面的shifting构成语义再现。

译文：正如我们所看到的一样，我们社会医疗的重心正在从治疗疾病转到预防疾病上来---特别是要改变我们许多不健康的行为，比如说不良的饮食习惯、抽烟、忽视锻炼。

（八）

The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely "not ill" and someone who is in excelle nt health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. (06.12 Passage 2)

主干：The field has not distinguished (between...and...) 主句的谓语用了distinguished between...and...的结构，and 连接的两个someone都用了who引导的定语从句予以修饰。

译文：传统上，医学并没有区分一个仅仅是“没有生病”的人和一个健康状况很好并且注意自己身体特殊需要的人。这两种类型都被称作“健康”。

（九）

In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms "well" and "wellness" only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health.

(06.12 Passage 2)

主干：some health specialists have begun to apply...

主句部分，不定式to apply...用作begun的宾语。apply...to...表示“把......应用于......”，句中表示“把well和wellness这样的词只用来指那些人”。who引导的定语从句修饰those。

译文：然而，近些年来，一些健康专家开始把“健康”和“健康状况良好”这样的字眼只使用到那些积极努力去保持并改善自身健

康状况的人身上。

1. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.

2. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.

3. However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it.

4. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.

5. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could he slowed down.

参考答案：

1、系好安全带能够挽救性命，它能将丧生和重伤的概率减少一半以上。

2、但是司机有责任确保14岁以下的孩子不要坐在前排，除非他们系好了安全带。

3、当然，如果有以下情况你可以不系安全带：你在倒车时，或者你用一种特殊交通工具进行当地的货物运送、收集时，或者你有合法的医学证明你不能系安全带时。

4、注意你如果不这么做(系安全带)的话，你有可能被告上法庭，而且你有可能被处以罚款除非你能证明你有不带安全带的理由。

5、Taiju Matsuzawa 教授想找出为什么日本北部的健康农民在相对年轻的年龄就显得开始失去思考与推理的能力的原因以及怎样

才能延缓老化过程。

考研英语长难句30-38

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