1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约(英)

【名称】INTERNA TIONAL CONVENTION ON TONNAGE MEASUREMENT OF SHIPS, 1969

【题注】

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The Contracting Governments,

DESIRING to establish uniform principles and rules with respect to the

determination of tonnage of ships engaged on international voyages;

CONSIDERING that this end may best be achieved by the conclusion of a

Convention;

HA VE AGREED as follows:

Article 1 General Obligation under the Convention

The Contracting Governments undertake to give effect to the provisions

of the present Convention and the Annexes hereto which shall constitute an

integral part of the present Convention. Every reference to the present

Convention constitutes at the same time a reference to the Annexes.

Article 2 Definitions

For the purpose of the present Convention, unless expressly provided

otherwise:

(1) "Regulations" means the Regulations annexed to the present

Convention;

(2) "Administration" means the Government of the State whose flag the

ship is flying;

(3) "international voyage" means a sea voyage from a country to which

the present Convention applies to a port outside such country, or conversely. For this purpose, every territory for the international

relations of which a Contracting Government is responsible or for which

the United Nations are the administering authority is regarded as a

separate country;

(4) "gross tonnage" means the measure of the overall size of a ship determined in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention;

(5) "net tonnage" means the measure of the useful capacity of a ship determined in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention;

(6) "new ship" means a ship the keel of which is laid, or which is at

a similar stage of construction, on or after the date of coming into force

of the present Convention;

(7) "existing ship" means a ship which is not a new ship;

(8) "length" means 96 per cent of the total length on a waterline at

85 per cent of the least moulded depth measured from the top of the keel,

or the length from the fore side of the stem to the axis of the rudder

stock on that waterline, if that be greater. In ships designed with a rake

of keel the waterline on which this length is measured shall be parallel

to the designed waterline;

(9) "Organization" means the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization.

Article 3 Application

(1) The present Convention shall apply to the following ships engaged on international voyages;

(a) ships registered in countries the Governments of which are Contracting Governments;

(b) ships registered in territories to which the present Convention is extended under Article 20; and

(c) unregistered ships flying the flag of a State, the Government of which is a Contracting Government.

(2) The present Convention shall apply to:

(a) new ships;

(b) existing ships which undergo alterations or modifications which the Administration deems to be a substantial variation in their existing gross tonnage;

(c) existing ships if the owner so requests; and

(d) all existing ships, twelve years after the date on which the Convention comes into force, except that such ships, apart from those mentioned in (b) and (c) of this paragraph, shall retain their then

existing tonnages for the purpose of the application to them of relevant requirements under other existing International Conventions.

(3) Existing ships to which the present Convention has been applied in accordance with sub-paragraph (2) (c) of this Article shall not subsequently have their tonnages determined in accordance with the

requirements which the Administration applied to ships on international voyages prior to the coming into force of the present Convention.

Article 4 Exceptions

(1) The present Convention shall not apply to:

(a) ships of war; and

(b) ships of less than 24 metres (79 feet) in length.

(2) Nothing herein shall apply to ships solely navigating:

(a) the Great Lakes of North America and the River St. Lawrence as far east as a rhumb line drawn from Cap des Rosiers to West Point, Anticosti Island, and, on the north side of Anticosti Island, the meridian of

longitude 63°W;

(b) the Caspian Sea; or

(c) the Plate, Parana and Uruguay Rivers as far east as a rhumb line drawn between Punta Rasa (Cabo San Antonio), Argentina, and Punta del Este, Uruguay.

Article 5 Force Majeure

(1) A ship which is not subject to the provisions of the present Convention at the time of its departure on any voyage shall not become subject to such provisions on account of any deviation from its intended voyage due to stress of weather or any other cause of force majeure.

(2) In applying the provisions of the present Convention, the Contracting Governments shall give due consideration to any deviation or

delay caused to any ship owing to stress of weather or any other cause of force majeure.

Article 6 Determination of Tonnages

The determination of gross and net tonnages shall be carried out by the Administration which may, however, entrust such determination either to persons or organizations recognized by it. In every case the Administration Concerned shall accept full responsibility for the determination of gross and net tonnages.

Article 7 Issue of Certificate

(1) An International Tonnage Certificate (1969) shall be issued to every ship, the gross and net tonnages of which have been determined in accordance with the present Convention.

(2) Such certificate shall be issued by the Administration or by any person or organization duly authorized by it. In every case, the Administration shall assume full responsibility for the certificate.

Article 8 Issue of Certificate by another Government

(1) A Contracting Government may, at the request of another Contracting Government,determine the gross and net tonnages of a ship and issue or authorize the issue of an International Tonnage Certificate (1969) to the ship in accordance with the present Convention.

(2) A copy of the certificate and a copy of the calculations of the tonnages shall be transmitted as early as possible to the requesting

Government.

(3) A certificate so issued shall contain a statement to the effect that it has been issued at the request of the Government of the State whose flag the ship is or will be flying and it shall have the same validity and receive the same recognition as a certificate issued under Article 7.

(4) No International Tonnage Certificate (1969) shall be issued to a ship which is flying the flag of a State the Government of which is not a Contracting Government.

Article 9 Form of Certificate

(1) The certificate shall be drawn up in the official language or languages of the issuing country. If the language used is neither English nor French, the text shall include a translation into one of these languages.

(2) The form of the certificate shall correspond to that of the model given in Annex II.

Article 10 Cancellation of Certificate

(1) Subject to any exceptions provided in the Regulations, an International Tonnage Certificate (1969) shall cease to be valid and shall be cancelled by the Administration if alterations have taken place in the arrangement, construction, capacity, use of spaces, total number of passengers the ship is permitted to carry as indicated in the ship"s

passenger certificate, assigned load line or permitted draught of the

ship, such as would necessitate an increase in gross tonnage or net tonnage.

(2) A certificate issued to a ship by an Administration shall cease to

be valid upon transfer of such a ship to the flag of another State, except

as provided in paragraph (3) of this Article.

(3) Upon transfer of a ship to the flag of another State the

Government of which is a Contracting Government, the International Tonnage Certificate (1969) shall remain in force for a period not exceeding three months, or until the Administration issues another International Tonnage Certificate (1969) to replace it, whichever is the earlier. The

Contracting Government of the State whose flag the ship was flying

hitherto shall transmit to the Administration as soon as possible after

the transfer takes place a copy of the certificate carried by the ship at

the time of transfer and a copy of the relevant tonnage calculations.

Article 11 Acceptance of Certificate

The certificate issued under the authority of a Contracting Government in accordance with the present Convention shall be accepted by the other Contracting Governments and regarded for all purposes covered by the present Convention as having the same validity as certificates issued by them.

Article 12 Inspection

(1) A ship flying the flag of a State the Government of which is a Contracting Government shall be subject, when in the ports of other Contracting Governments, to inspection by officers duly authorized by such Governments. Such inspection shall be limited to the purpose of verifying:

(a) that the ship is provided with a valid International Tonnage Certificate (1969); and

(b) that the main characteristics of the ship correspond to the data given in the certificate.

(2) In no case shall the exercise of such inspection cause any delay

to the ship.

(3) Should the inspection reveal that the main characteristics of the ship differ from those entered on the International Tonnage Certificate (1969) so as to lead to an increase in the gross tonnage or the net tonnage, the Government of the State whose flag the ship is flying shall

be informed without delay.

Article 13 Privileges

The privileges of the present Convention may not be claimed in favour of any ship unless it holds a valid certificate under the Convention.

Article 14 Prior Treaties, Conventions and Arrangements

(1) All other treaties, conventions and arrangements relating to tonnage matters at present in force between Governments Parties to the present Convention shall continue to have full and complete effect during

the terms thereof as regards:

(a) ships to which the present Convention does not apply; and

(b) ships to which the present Convention applies, in respect of matters for which it has not expressly provided.

(2) To the extent, however, that such treaties, conventions, or arrangements conflict with the provisions of the present Convention, the provisions of the present Convention shall prevail.

Article 15 Communication of Information

The Contracting Governments undertake to communicate to and deposit with the Organization:

(a) a sufficient number of specimens of their certificates issued

under the provisions of the present Convention for circulation to the Contracting Governments;

(b) the text of the laws, orders, decrees, regulations and other instruments which shall have been promulgated on the various matters within the scope of the present Convention;and

(c) a list of non-governmental agencies which are authorized to act in their behalf in matters relating to tonnages for circulation to the Contracting Governments.

Article 16 Signature, Acceptance and Accession

(1) The present Convention shall remain open for signature for six months from 23 June 1969, and shall thereafter remain open for accession.

Governments of States Members of the United Nations, or of any of the Specialized Agencies, or of the International Atomic Energy Agency, or parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice may become Parties to the Convention by:

(a) signature without reservation as to acceptance;

(b) signature subject to acceptance followed by acceptance; or

(c) accession.

(2) Acceptance or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of acceptance or accession with the Organization. The Organization shall inform all Governments which have signed the present Convention or acceded to it of each new acceptance or accession and of the date of its deposit. The Organization shall also inform all Governments which have already signed the Convention of any signature effected during the six months from 23 June 1969.

Article 17 Coming into Force

(1) The present Convention shall come into force twenty-four months after the date on which not less than twenty-five Governments of States the combined merchant fleets of which constitute not less than sixty-five per cent of the gross tonnage of the world"s merchant shipping have signed without reservation as to acceptance or deposited instruments of acceptance or accession in accordance with Article 16. The Organization shall inform all Governments which have signed or acceded to the present

Convention of the date on which it comes into force.

(2) For Governments which have deposited an instrument of acceptance of or accession to the present Convention during the twenty-four months mentioned in paragraph (1)of this Article, the acceptance or accession shall take effect on the coming into force of the present Convention or

three months after the date of deposit of the instrument of acceptance or accession whichever is the later date.

(3) For Governments which have deposited an instrument of acceptance of or accession to the present Convention after the date on which it comes into force, the Convention shall come into force three months after the

date of the deposit of such instrument.

(4) After the date on which all the measures required to bring an amendment to the present Convention into force have been completed, or all necessary acceptances are deemed to have been given under sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph (2) of Article 18 in case of amendment by unanimous acceptance, any instrument of acceptance or accession deposited shall be deemed to apply to the Convention as amended.

Article 18 Amendments

(1) The present Convention may be amended upon the proposal of a Contracting Government by any of the procedures specified in this Article.

(2) Amendment by unanimous acceptance:

(a) Upon the request of a Contracting Government, any amendment

proposed by it to the present Convention shall be communicated by the Organization to all Contracting Governments for consideration with a view

to unanimous acceptance.

(b) Any such amendment shall enter into force twelve months after the date of its acceptance by all Contracting Governments unless an earlier

date is agreed upon. A Contracting Government which does not communicate its acceptance or rejection of the amendment to the Organization within twenty-four months of its first communication by the latter shall be

deemed to have accepted the amendment.

(3) Amendment after consideration in the Organization:

(a) Upon the request of a Contracting Government, any amendment proposed by it to the present Convention will be considered in the Organization. If adopted by a majority of two-thirds of those present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization,such amendment shall be communicated to all Members of the Organization and all Contracting Governments at least six months prior to its consideration by

the Assembly of the Organization.

(b) If adopted by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting in

the Assembly, the amendment shall be communicated by the Organization to all Contracting Governments for their acceptance.

(c) Such amendment shall come into force twelve months after the date on which it is accepted by two-thirds of the Contracting Governments. The

amendment shall come into force with respect to all Contracting Governments except those which, before it comes into force, make a declaration that they do not accept the amendment.

(d) thirds of the Governments represented on the Maritime Safety Committee and present and voting in the Assembly, may propose a determination at the time of its adoption that an amendment is of such an important nature that any Contracting Government which makes a declaration under sub-paragraph (c) of this paragraph and which does not accept the amendment within a period of twelve months after it comes into force,

shall cease to be a party to the present Convention upon the expiry of

that period. This determination shall be subject to the prior acceptance

of two-thirds of the Contracting Governments.

(e) Nothing in this paragraph shall prevent the Contracting Government which first proposed action under this paragraph on an amendment to the present Convention from taking at any time such alternative action as it deems desirable in accordance with paragraphs (2) or (4) of this Article.

(4) Amendment by a conference:

(a) Upon the request of a Contracting Government, concurred in by at least one-third of the Contracting Governments, a conference of Governments will be convened by the Organization to consider amendments to the Present Convention.

(b) Every amendment adopted by such a conference by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting of the Contracting Governments shall be communicated by the Organization to all Contracting Governments for their acceptance.

(c) Such amendment shall come into force twelve months after the date on which it is accepted by two-thirds of the Contracting Governments. The amendment shall come into force with respect to all Contracting Governments except those which, before it comes into force, make a declaration that they do not accept the amendment.

(d) By a two-thirds majority of those present and voting, a conference convened under sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph may determine at the time of its adoption that an amendment is of such an important nature that any Contracting Government which makes a declaration under sub-paragraph (c) of this paragraph, and which does not accept the amendment within a period of twelve months after it comes into force, shall cease to be a

party to the present Convention upon the expiry of that period.

(5) The Organization shall inform all Contracting Governments of any amendments which may come into force under this Article, together with the date on which each such amendment will come into force.

(6) Any acceptance or declaration under this Article shall be made by the deposit of an instrument with the Organization which shall notify all Contracting Governments of the receipt of the acceptance or declaration.

Article 19 Denunciation

(1) The present Convention may be denounced by any Contracting Government at any time after the expiry of five years from the date on which the Convention comes into force for that Government.

(2) Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument with the Organization which shall inform all the other Contracting Governments of any such denunciation received and of the date of its receipt.

(3) A denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument of denunciation, after its receipt

by the Organization.

Article 20 Territories

(1) (a) The United Nations, in cases where they are the administering authority for a territory, or any Contracting Government responsible for the international relations of a territory, shall as soon as possible

consult with such territory or take such measures as may be appropriate in an endeavour to extend the present Convention to that territory and may at any time by notification in writing to the Organization declare that the present Convention shall extend to such territory.

(b) The present Convention shall, from the date of receipt of the notification or from such other date as may be specified in the notification, extend to the territory named therein.

(2) (a) The United Nations, or any Contracting Government which has made a declaration under sub-paragraph (a) of paragraph (1) of this

Article at any time after the expiry of a period of five years from the

date on which the Convention has been so extended to any territory, may by notification in writing to the Organization declare that the present Convention shall cease to extend to any such territory named in the notification.

(b) The present Convention shall cease to extend to any territory mentioned in such notification one year, or such longer period as may be specified therein, after the date of receipt of the notification by the Organization.

(3) The Organization shall inform all the Contracting Governments of the extension of the present Convention to any territories under paragraph (1) of this Article, and of the termination of any such extension under

the provisions of paragraph (2) stating in each case the date from which

the present Convention has been or will cease to be so extended.

Article 21 Deposit and Registration

(1) The present Convention shall be deposited with the Organization and the Secretary-General of the Organization shall transmit certified

true copies thereof to all Signatory Governments and to all Governments which accede to the present Convention.

(2) As soon as the present Convention comes into force, the text shall

be transmitted by the Secretary-General of the Organization to the

Secretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication, in

accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

Article 22 Languages

The present Convention is established in a single copy in the English

and French languages,both texts being equally authentic. Official

translations in the Russian and Spanish languages shall be prepared and

deposited with the signed original.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned being duly authorized by their

respective Governments for that purpose have signed the present

Convention.*

[* Signatures omitted.]

DONE AT LONDON this twenty-third day of June 1969.

ANNEX I REGULATIONS FOR DETERMINING GROSS AND NET TONNAGES OFSHIPS

Regulation 1 General

(1) The tonnage of a ship shall consist of gross tonnage and net

tonnage.

(2) The gross tonnage and the net tonnage shall be determined in

accordance with the provisions of these Regulations.

(3) The gross tonnage and the net tonnage of novel types of craft

whose constructional features are such as to render the application of the provisions of these Regulations unreasonable or impracticable shall be as determined by the Administration. Where the tonnage is so determined, the Administration shall communicate to the Organization details of the method used for that purpose, for circulation to the Contracting Governments for their information.

Regulation 2 Definitions of Terms used in the Annexes

(1) Upper Deck

The upper deck is the uppermost complete deck exposed to weather and sea, which has permanent means of weathertight closing of all openings in the weather part thereof, and below which all openings in the sides of the ship are fitted with permanent means of watertight closing in a ship

having a stepped upper deck, the lowest line of the exposed deck and the continuation of that line parallel to the upper part of the deck is taken

as the upper deck.

(2) Moulded Depth

(a) The moulded depth is the vertical distance measured from the top

of the keel to the underside of the upper deck at side. In wood and composite ships the distance is measured from the lower edge of the keel rabbet. Where the form at the lower part of the midship section is of a hollow character, or where thick garboards are fitted, the distance is measured from the point where the line of the flat of the bottom continued

inwards cuts the side of the keel.

(b) In ships having rounded gunwales, the moulded depth shall be measured to the point of intersection of the moulded lines of the deck and side shell plating, the lines extending as though the gunwales were of angular design.

(c) Where the upper deck is stepped and the raised part of the deck extends over the point at which the moulded depth is to be determined, the moulded depth shall be measured to a line of reference extending from the lower part of the deck along a line parallel with the raised part.

(3) Breadth

The breadth is the maximum breadth of the ship, measured amidships to the moulded line of the frame in a ship with a metal shell and to the

outer surface of the hull in a ship with a shell of any other material.

(4) Enclosed Spaces

Enclosed spaces are all those spaces which are bounded by the ship"s hull, by fixed or portable partitions or bulkheads, by decks or coverings other than permanent or movable awnings. No break in a deck, nor any opening in the ship"s hull, in a deck or in a covering of a space, or in

the partitions or bulkheads of a space, nor the absence of a partition or bulkhead, shall preclude a space from being included in the enclosed space.

(5) Excluded Spaces

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (4) of this Regulation, the spaces referred to in subparagraphs (a) to (e) inclusive of this paragraph shall be called excluded spaces and shall not be included in the volume of enclosed spaces, except that any such space which fulfils at least one of the following three conditions shall be treated as an

enclosed space:

- the space is fitted with shelves or other means for securing cargo

or stores;

- the openings are fitted with any means of closure;

- the construction provides any possibility of such openings being closed.

(a) (i) A space within an erection opposite an end opening extending from deck to deck except for a curtain plate of a depth not exceeding by more than 25 millimetres (one inch) the depth of the adjoining deck beams, such opening having a breadth equal to or greater than 90 per cent of the breadth of the deck at the line of the opening of the space. This

provision shall be applied so as to exclude from the enclosed spaces only the space between the actual end opening and a line drawn parallel to the line or face of the opening at a distance from the opening equal to one

half of the width of the deck at the line of the opening (Figure 1 in Appendix 1).

船舶英语专业用语

主船体main hull 上层建筑superstructure 上甲板/上层连续甲板upper deck 船底bottom 舷侧broadside 艏艉fore and aft 舱壁bulkhead 水密watertight 艏部bow 艉部stern/quarter 二层甲板second deck 平台甲板platform deck 桅屋masthouse 罗经甲板compass deck 驾驶甲板bridge deck 船长甲板master deck 高级船员甲板office deck 艇甲板boat deck 船员甲板crew deck 机舱engine room 货舱cargo hold 货舱口cargo hatch 压载舱ballast tank 深舱deep tank 燃油舱fuel oil tank 滑油舱lubricating oil tank 淡水舱fresh water tank 污油水舱slop tank 隔离空舱/干隔舱caisson 球鼻艏标志bulbous bow mark/BB mark 首侧推器标志bow thruster mark/BT mark 吃水标志draft mark 甲板线deck line 干舷甲板freeboard deck 载重线标志load line mark 热带淡水载重线tropical fresh water load line/TF 夏季淡水载重线fresh water load line/F 热带载重线tropical load line/T 夏季载重线summer load line/S 冬季载重线winter load line 北大西洋冬季载重线winter North Atlantic load line/WNA 国际船舶载重线证书international load line certificate 吃水指示系统draft indicating system 船舶尺度ship dimension 最大尺度/全部尺度/周界尺度overall dimension 最大长度/全长/总长length overall/LOA 最大宽度/全宽extreme breadth 最大高度maximum height 净空高度air draught 船型尺度/型尺度/主持度moulded dimension 垂线间长L/length between perpendiculars 型宽B/moulded breadth 型深D/moulded depth 型吃水d/moulded draft 登记尺度register dimension 登记长度register length 登记宽度register breadth 登记深度register depth 船舶主尺度比dimension ratio 船长型宽比L/B , length breadth ratio 船长型深比L/D , length depth ratio 船长型吃水比L/d , length draft ratio 型宽型吃水比B/d , breadth draft ratio 型深型吃水比D/d , depth draft ratio 重量吨weight tonnage 排水量displacement 满载排水量dead displacement 空船排水量light displacement 装载排水量load displacement 总载重量deadweight/DW 净载重量net deadweight/NDW 容积吨/登记吨capacity tonnage 总吨位/总吨gross tonnage/GT 净吨位net tonnage/NT 运河吨位canal tonnage/CT 抗沉性floatability 全客船passenger vessel 客货船passenger-cargo vessel 货客船cargo-passenger vessel 客滚船ro-ro passenger ship 集装箱船container ship 箱格导轨系统cellguide system 散装货船bulk carrier 散装货物bulk cargo 舱口围板hatch coaming 横剖面cross-section

国际吨位丈量公约

１９６９年吨位丈量公约 各缔约政府，愿为国际航行船舶的吨位丈量制订统一原则和规则，认为缔结一个公约可以最好地达到这一目的。 已取得协议如下： 第一条公约的一般义务 各缔约政府，应承担义务实施本公约各项规定和它的附则，附则应视为本公约的组成部份，凡引用本公约时，同时也就意味着引用上述附则。 第二条定义 除另有明文规定外，本公约所用名词含义如下： １．“规则”是指本公约所附的规则； ２．“主管机关”是指船旗国的政府； ３．“国际航行”是指由适用本公约的国家驶往该国以外的港口，或与此反的航行。为此，凡由缔约政府对其国际关系负责的每一领土，或由联合国管理的每一领土，都被视为单独的国家； ４．“总吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶总容积； ５．“净吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶有效容积； ６．“新船”是指在本公约生效之日起安放龙骨，或处于类似建造阶段的舶； ７．“现有船舶”是指非新船；

８．“长度”是指水线总长度的９６％，该水线位于自龙骨上面量得的最型深的８５％处；或者是指该水线从艏柱前面量到上舵杆中心的长度，两者取其较大者，如船舶设计具有倾斜龙骨，作为测量本长度的水线应平行于设计水线； ９．“组织”是指政府间海事协商组织（译注：以下译文简称“海协组织）。 第三条适用范围 １．本公约适用于从事国际航行的下列船舶： （１）在各缔约政府的国家中登记的船舶； （２）在根据第二十条扩大适用本公约的领土内登记的船舶； （３）悬挂某缔约国政府国旗而不在该国登记的船舶。 ２．本公约适用于： （１）新船； （２）经改建或改装的现有船舶，主管机关认为这种改建或改装对其现有总吨位有实质上的变更； （３）经船舶所有人提出要求适用本公约的现有船舶； （４）本公约生效之日起１２年以后的一切现有船舶；除本款（２）和（３）项中所述船舶外，还不包括为使其适用于现行其他国际公约的有关要求，而需保留其原有吨位的船舶。３．对于已经根据本条第２款（３）项适用本公约的现有船舶，此后不得按照本公约生效前该主管机关对国际航行船舶的要求测定该船的吨位。 第四条除外

船舶专业英语

船舶专业英语词汇（按英文字母排序） a faired set of lines 经过光顺处理的一套型线船 a stereo pair of photographs 一对立体投影相片 abaft 朝向船体 abandonment cost 船舶废置成本费用 accommodation 居住（舱室） accommodation ladder 舷梯爱 adjust valve 调节阀 adjustable-pitch 可调螺距式 admiralty 海军部 advance coefficient 进速系数 aerostatic 空气静力学的 aft peak bulkhead 艉尖舱壁 aft peak tank 艉尖舱船 aileron 副鳍 air cushion vehicle 气垫船 air diffuser 空气扩散器K`_\ W s C&@{:H air intake 进气口b ircraft carrier 航空母舰 aircraft carrier 航空母舰 air-driven water pump 气动水泵 airfoil 气翼，翼剖面，机面，方向舵 alignment chock 组装校准用垫楔 aluminum alloy structure 铝合金结构爱我 American Bureau of Shipping 美国船级社 amidships 舯 amphibious 两栖的-- 25 Wan m anchor arm 锚臂- anchor chain 锚链-- 25 Wang anchor crown 锚冠 anchor fluke 锚爪https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6f15709918.html, K/W n n6y B G[7^ anchor mouth 锚唇 anchor recess 锚穴 anchor shackle 锚卸扣 anchor stock 锚杆 angle bar 角钢 angle of attack攻角 angle plate 角钢 angled deck 斜角甲板 anticipated loads encountered at sea 在波浪中遭遇到的预期载荷anti-pitching fins 减纵摇鳍 antiroll fins 减摇鳍

船舶吨位

船舶总吨位/净吨位定义 一、总吨位(Gross Tonnage, GT) 根据船舶吨位丈量公约或规范的有关规定，丈量确定的船舶所有围蔽处所的总容积，并按一定的公式可算出船舶的总吨位。总吨位是总计船舶吨位，表示船舶大小、区别船舶等级，是计算船舶费用(登记费、过运河费等)及处理海事的依据。总吨位(Gross Tonnage, GT)计算： 系指船舶围蔽部份减去免丈部份之总容积V，以立方公尺计之，乘以系数K所得船舶大小之数字。（依1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约，GT＝KV，K＝0.2＋ 0.02log10V） 二、净吨位(Net Tonnage, NT) 根据船舶吨位丈量规范的有关规定，丈量确定的船舶各载货处所的总容积，并按一定的公式可算出船舶的净吨位。净吨位是计算船舶缴交港口费、领航费、灯塔费、停泊费、过运河费等各项费用的依据。 三、排水量(Displacement) 指船舶在某一浮态下船体入水部分所排开水的重量。未作特别说明的船舶排水量，是指标准密度海水中(ρ=1.025)设计水线(夏季水线)下的排水量。 四、轻船重量(Light Weight) 又称空船重量或轻船排水量，指船舶建造刚刚完成时的重量，即船体、机器、锅炉设备及其排水相等的重量，但不包括燃料、润滑油、粮食、淡水等的重量。 五、载重吨位(Deadweight Tonnage, DWT) 在一定的水域和季节里，船舶所能装载的最大限度的重量，称为最大载重量。最大载重量等於满载排水量扣除空船排水量。一般来说，载重量与相应的季节、吃水相对应，如果不作特别说明，多指夏季满载吃水的情况下的总载重量。载重吨位系指船舶之装载能力，即除船舶船身、机器，设备，以及固定装备等外，可以装载客、货、燃料、淡水及船员与给养品之重量。 六、净载重量(Net DWT) 在一定的水域和季节里，船舶所能装载的最大限度的货物重量。净载重量等於总载重量减去燃料、淡水、备件、船员及其供应品的重量和船舶常数。 七、吃水(Draft) 艏吃水是指艏垂线上水线和龙骨上表面的距离；艉吃水是指艉垂线上水线和龙骨上表面的距离。 如果水密度已知，通过量测船舶的吃水高度，可以确定船舶的排水量，进而计算出相对应载重量。同样地，在港口水深有限制的情况下，也可以推算出船舶的最大载重量。

1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约(附英文)

１９６９年国际船舶吨位丈量公约(附英文) 生效日期：1982-07-18 全文 各缔约政府，愿为国际航行船舶的吨位丈量制订统一原则和规则，认为缔结一个公约可以最好地达到这一目的。 现已取得协议如下： 第一条公约的一般义务 各缔约政府，应承担义务实施本公约各项规定和它的附则，附则应视为本公约的组成部份，凡引用本公约时，同时也就意味着引用上述附则。 第二条定义 除另有明文规定外，本公约所用名词含义如下： １．“规则”是指本公约所附的规则； ２．“主管机关”是指船旗国的政府； ３．“国际航行”是指由适用本公约的国家驶往该国以外的港口，或与此相反的航行。为此，凡由缔约政府对其国际关系负责的每一领土，或由联合国管理的每一领土，都被视为单独的国家； ４．“总吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶总容积； ５．“净吨位”是指根据本公约各项规定丈量确定的船舶有效容积； ６．“新船”是指在本公约生效之日起安放龙骨，或处于类似建造阶段的船舶； ７．“现有船舶”是指非新船； ８．“长度”是指水线总长度的９６％，该水线位于自龙骨上面量得的最小型深的８５％处；或者是指该水线从艏柱前面量到上舵杆中心的长度，两者取其较大者，如船舶设计具有倾斜龙骨，作为测量本长度的水线应平行于设计水线； ９．“组织”是指政府间海事协商组织（译注：以下译文简称“海协组织”）。 第三条适用范围

１．本公约适用于从事国际航行的下列船舶： （１）在各缔约政府的国家中登记的船舶； （２）在根据第二十条扩大适用本公约的领土内登记的船舶； （３）悬挂某缔约国政府国旗而不在该国登记的船舶。 ２．本公约适用于： （１）新船； （２）经改建或改装的现有船舶，主管机关认为这种改建或改装对其现有总吨位有实质上的变更； （３）经船舶所有人提出要求适用本公约的现有船舶； （４）本公约生效之日起１２年以后的一切现有船舶；除本款（２）和（３）项中所述船舶外，还不包括为使其适用于现行其他国际公约的有关要求，而需保留其原有吨位的船舶。 ３．对于已经根据本条第２款（３）项适用本公约的现有船舶，此后不得再按照本公约生效前该主管机关对国际航行船舶的要求测定该船的吨位。 第四条除外 １．本公约不适用于下列船舶： （１）军舰； （２）长度小于２４米（７９英尺）的船舶。 ２．本公约的任何规定，不适用于专门航行在下列区域的船舶： （１）北美洲各大湖和圣劳伦斯河向东到从罗歇尔角至安蒂科斯底岛的西点之间所绘恒向线，以及到安蒂科斯底岛北面的西经６３°子午线。 （２）里海； （３）拉普拉塔河、巴拉那河和乌拉圭河向东到从阿根廷的彭塔－－腊萨与乌拉圭的彭塔－－特－－埃斯特之间所绘恒向线。 第五条不可抗力 １．在开航时不受本公约约束的船舶，倘由于天气恶劣或其它不可抗力原因而驶离原定航程，则该船并不因此变为需受本公约约束。

船舶专业英语汇总

主船体main hull 上层建筑superstructure 上甲板/上层连续甲板upper deck 船底bottom 舷侧broadside 艏艉fore and aft 舱壁bulkhead 水密watertight 艏部bow 艉部stern/quarter 二层甲板second deck 平台甲板platform deck 桅屋masthouse 罗经甲板compass deck 驾驶甲板bridge deck 船长甲板master deck 高级船员甲板office deck 艇甲板boat deck 船员甲板crew deck 机舱engine room 货舱cargo hold 货舱口cargo hatch 压载舱ballast tank 深舱deep tank 燃油舱fuel oil tank 滑油舱lubricating oil tank 淡水舱fresh water tank 污油水舱slop tank 隔离空舱/干隔舱caisson 球鼻艏标志bulbous bow mark/BB mark 首侧推器标志bow thruster mark/BT mark 吃水标志draft mark 甲板线deck line 干舷甲板freeboard deck 载重线标志load line mark 热带淡水载重线tropical fresh water load line/TF 夏季淡水载重线fresh water load line/F 热带载重线tropical load line/T 夏季载重线summer load line/S 冬季载重线winter load line 北大西洋冬季载重线winter North Atlantic load line/WNA 国际船舶载重线证书international load line certificate 吃水指示系统draft indicating system 船舶尺度ship dimension 最大尺度/全部尺度/周界尺度overall dimension

国际海事组织颁布公约一览表

国际海事组织颁布公约一览表 1、1974年国际海上人命安全公约(Internation Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, 修正于1974年(SOLAS)) 1980年5月25日 2、1974年国际海上人命安全公约1978年议定书（SOLAS PROT (amended) 1978）1981年5月1日 3、1974年国际海上人命安全公约1988年议定书（SOLAS PROT ( (HSSC) 1988）2002年02月03日 4、1972年国际海上避碰规则公约（Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, as amended (COLREGS (amended) 1972) 5、1973年国际防止船舶污染公约（International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 as modified by the Protocol of 1978 thereto (MARPOL (amended) 71/78)）1983年10月2日 6、1965年国际便利海上运输公约（Convention on Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic, 1965, as amended (FAL (amended) 1965)）1967年3月5日 7、1966年国际载重线公约（International Convention on Load Lines, 1966 (LL 1966)）1968年7月21日 8、1966年国际载重线公约1988年议定书（LL PROT (HSSC) 1988）2005年01月01日

船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)

Chapter 1 Ship Design（船舶设计） Lesson 2 Ships Categorized（船舶分类） 2.1 Introduction（介绍） The forms a ship can take are innumerable. 一艘船能采用的外形是不可胜数的 A vessel might appear to be a sleek seagoing hotel carrying passengers along to some exotic destination; a floating fortress bristling with missile launchers; 。or an elongated box transporting tanks of crude oil and topped with complex pipe connections. 一艘船可以看做是将乘客一直运送到外国目的地的优美的远航宾馆。竖立有导弹发射架的水面堡垒及甲板上铺盖有复杂管系的加长罐装原油运输轮 None of these descriptions of external appearance, however, does justice to the ship system as a whole and integrated unit所有这些外部特点的描述都不能说明船舶系统是一个总的集合体 self-sufficient,seaworthy, and adequately stable in its function as a secure habitat for crew and cargo. ——船员和货物的安全性功能：自给自足，适航，足够稳定。 This is the concept that the naval architect keeps in mind when designing the ship and that provides the basis for subsequent discussions, not only in this chapter but throughout the entire book.这是一个造船工程师设计船舶使必须记住的、能为以后讨论提供根据的观念，不仅涉及本章也贯穿全书。 In order to discuss naval architecture,it is helpful to place ships in certain categories. For purposes of this text, ships are classified according to their means of physical support and their designed purposes.将船舶分成一些特定的种类来讨论造船工程是有好处的。本文的目的就是根据船舶物理支撑方式和设计目的来将它们分类。

AFS公约

控制船舶有害防污底系统国际公约* (2001年10月5日通过) 本公约各当事国，注意到各国政府和有权威的国际组织的科学研究和调查表明，某些用于船舶上的防污底系统对于具有重要生态和经济价值的海洋生物构成严重的毒性危险和其它慢性影响，并且由于消费海产食品而导致人类健康可能受到危害，特别注意到人们对采用有机锡作为杀虫剂的防污底系统的深切关注，相信必须逐步禁止此类有机锡进入环境，忆及1992年联合国环境与发展大会通过的《第21世纪议程》第17章呼吁各国采取措施减少由于防污底系统中使用有机锡化合物所造成的污染，还忆及国际海事组织大会于1999年11月25日通过的第A.895(21)号大会决议敦促本组织海洋环境保护委员会(环保会)，作为一个紧急事项，尽快制订针对防污底系统有害影响的一个全球强制性法律文件，注意到《里约环境与发展宣言》第15条所确立的，并在环保会于1995年9月15日通过的MEPC.67(37)号决议中提及的风险预防原则，认识到保护海洋环境和人类健康免受防污底系统不利影响的重要性，还认识到使用防污底系统防止有机物附着在船舶表面对于商业效率、航运和阻止有害水生物和病原体传播的重要作用，进一步认识到继续开发有效且对环境安全的防污底系统的必要性和倡导用毒害性较小的系统或最好是无害系统来代替有害系统的必要性，兹协议如下： 第1条 一般义务 1 为了减少或消除防污底系统对于海洋环境和人类健康的不利影响，本公约各当事国承诺全面充分地实施本公约的规定。 2 附则与本公约构成一个整体。除非另有明文规定，提及本公约同时意味着提及其附则。 3 本公约中的任何规定都不得被解释为妨碍一当事国在符合国际法的前提下独自或与其它当事国联合就减少或消除防污底系统对于环境的不利影响采取更严格的措施。 4 当事国须为有效实施、符合和执行本公约进行通力合作。 5 当事国承诺鼓励继续开发有效且对环境安全的防污底系统。

船舶专业英语--初级

1．基本，简单的词汇： AM 上午 PM下午 Notification of inspection 检查验收通知单 Application 申请，申请单 Inspection 检验，报验 Technical discussion 技术讨论 On board 在船上 In the workshop 在车间 On the slipway 在船台上 At pier(wharf) 在码头 Fair 尚好的 The performance is merely fair 性能尚好 Terrible 极坏的，很糟的 So so 马马虎虎 So far ,so good 到目前，一切顺利 Worse更糟的 worst最差、最糟 Improvement 改进 Leave no room for improvement 完美，无缺点 Accept 接收 Accept subject to 有条件的接收，有待于……做好之后才接收 Reject 拒收 Comments 意见 defect lish 消除意见清单 Item 项目 memorandum 备忘录 manual n、手册、说明书；a.手控的，手工的 drawings 图纸 working drawings 施工图 finished drawings 完工图 approved drawings 认可图 drawings for approval 送审认可图 supporting technical doucuments 基础技术文件 sketch 草图 draw a sketch画草图 up to the standard 达到标准 substandard 低于标准的 crane 吊车 building berth 船台 slipway 船台、下水滑道 dry dock 干无坞 pier 突码头、突堤 wharf 码头 along side (船)靠码头 foreman 工长，领班 coordinator 调度员

船舶吨位的定义和计算公式修订稿

船舶吨位的定义和计算 公式 WEIHUA system office room 【WEIHUA 16H-WEIHUA WEIHUA8Q8-

船舶吨位的定义和计算公式 船舶吨位(Ship|s Tonnage)? 船舶吨位是船舶大小的计量单位，可分为重量吨位和容积吨位两种。? 用重量来算吨位：? 通常是按船体在水中部分的容积,即以排水量来计算,海水每35立方米尺重1 吨(或每立方米重1公吨),由此即可算出船舶的排水量吨位(Displacement tonnage).? 排水量吨位有轻载和满载之分,轻载排水量吨位只包括船体,全船的机器和设备 以及压舱物等;而满载还须加上所装的货物,旅客,行李,燃料,物料,淡水等,满载排水量减减去轻载排水量后的余数,也就是船舶的载重吨位(Deadweight tonnage).? 用容积来算吨位：? 轮船的总吨位与船舶的重量完全无关,它是以船舶的容积来计算的.它以英制 100立方尺或公制立方米为1吨,两者计算出来的结果是一样的.所以总吨没有公制 与英制的区别,它的计算方法是丈量舰艇各部围蔽空间的容积,如用英尺量的话,就以容积的总和用不100除;如用公尺量,则除以,得出的商数就是船舶的总吨位(Gross tonnage).? 总吨位在船舶的各种吨位中占很重要的地位,因为船舶的登记,统计等都是以它 作为根据央船舶计算出总吨位后,减去驾驶室,轮机舱以及船上其他设备或工作需要 的地方外,也就是凡是可以装载货物,旅客等用的空间都是净吨位(Net tonnage).? 船舶吨位具体计算办法? (一)船舶的重量吨位(Weight Tonnage)? 船舶的重量吨位是表示船舶重量的一种计量单位，以1000公斤为一公吨，或 以2240磅为一长吨，或以2000磅为一短吨。目前国际上多采用公制作为计量单位。船舶的重量吨位，又可分为排水量吨位和载重吨位两种。? (二)排水量吨位(Displacement Tonnage)? 排水量吨位是船舶在水中所排开水的吨数，也是船舶自身重量的吨数。排水量吨位又可分为轻排水量、重排水量和实际排水量三种。? (1)轻排水量(Ligth Displacement)，又称空船排水量，是船舶本身加上船员和 必要的给养物品三者重量的总和，是船舶最小限度的重量。? (2)重排水量(Full Load Displacement)，又称满载排水量，是船舶载客、载货 后吃水达到最高载重线时的重量，即船舶最大限度的重量。? (3)实际排水量(Actual Displacement)，是船舶每个航次载货后实际的排水量。? 排水量的计算公式如下：? 排水量(长吨)=长*宽*吃水*方模系数(立方英尺)/35(海水)或36(淡水)(立方英尺)? 排水量(公吨)=长*宽*吃水*方模系数(立方米)/(海水)或1(淡水)(立方米)? 排水量吨位可以用来计算船舶的载重吨;在造船时，依据排水量吨位可知该船 的重量;在统计军舰的大小和舰队时，一般以轻排水量为准;军舰通过巴拿马运河， 以实际排水量作为征税的依据。? 2、载重吨位(Dead Weight Tonnage,缩写为? 表示船舶在营运中能够使用的载重能力。载重吨位可分为总载重吨和净载重吨。? (1)总载重吨(Gross Dead Weight Tonnage)。是指船舶根据载重线标记规定所能装载的最大限度的重量，它包括船舶所载运的货物、船上所需的燃料、淡水和其他储备物料重量的总和。?

船舶专业英语

船舶类型词汇 渔业船舶种类 2.1 渔船fishing vessel 用于商业性捕捉鱼类、鲸、海豹、海象或其他生物资源的船舶之统称。 2.1.1 拖网渔船trawler 从事拖网作业，捕捞中、下层水域鱼虾类的专用渔船。分双拖和单拖渔船，舷拖、尾拖和桁拖渔船。 2.1.1.1 双拖渔船two boat trawler，pair trawler，bull trawler 由两船拖曳一顶网具进行捕捞作业的渔船。 2.1.1.2 单拖渔船single boat trawler 由单船拖曳网具进行捕捞作业的渔船。按作业方式可分为舷拖、尾拖和桁拖渔船。2.1.1.3 舷拖渔船side trawler 在船的一舷设有网板架，并进行拖网作业的渔船。 2.1.1.4 尾拖渔船stern trawler 在船尾部进行拖网作业的渔船，称尾拖渔船。单船尾拖设有网板架。在尾部设起、放网滑道的称尾滑道拖网渔船（stern ramp trawler）。 2.1.1.5 桁拖渔船beam trawler 有桁架伸于舷外，以拖曳网具进行捕捞作业的渔船。 2.1.1.6 加工拖网渔船factory trawler 具有较大的冻结和加工能力的大型尾滑道拖网渔船。 2.1.2 围网渔船seiner 从事围网作业，主要围捕中、上层水域鱼类的专用渔船。包括双船及单船、舷侧起网及尾部起网灯光诱鱼、金枪鱼等围网渔船。 2.1.2.1 双船围网渔船two boat seiner 由两船共放、起一顶围网进行捕捞作业的渔船。 2.1.2.2 单船围网渔船single boat seiner 配有辅助船艇，单船放起围网进行捕捞作业的渔船。 2.1.2.3 灯光诱鱼围网船组light luring seiner group 由一艘围网渔船，数艘诱鱼灯船以及保鲜运输船等组成的灯光诱鱼围网作业船组。 a.灯光诱鱼围网船light luring seiner 利用水上及水下灯光诱集鱼群，进行围捕作业的渔船。 b.围网探鱼船fish scautang boat 灯光诱鱼围网船组中，配有多种探鱼仪器设备，主要用于探测鱼群的一种小型船舶。 c.灯光诱鱼船fish luring light boat

船舶操纵专业英语

船舶操纵专业英语100个单词 1.船舶操纵ship handling 2.船舶操纵性能ship maneuverability 3.定常旋回steady turning . 4.进距advance 5.横距transfer 6.旋回初径tactical diameter 7.旋回直径final diameter 8.滞距reach 9.反移量kick 10.漂角drift angle 11.转心pivoting point 12.横倾list 13.方形系数block coefficient 14.舵面积比rudder area ratio 15.操纵性指数maneuverability indices 16.追随性指数turning lag index 17.旋回性指数turning ability index 18.新航向距distance to new course 19.静航向稳定性statical course stability 20.动航向稳定性dynamical course stability 21.船舶保向性course keeping ability 22.船舶惯性inertia effect 23.紧急停船距离crash stopping distance 24.最短停船距离shortest stopping distance 25.制动纵距head reach 26.制动横距lateral deviation 27.蛇航制动法zig zag stop manoeuvre 28.旋回试验turning test 29.螺旋试验spiral test 30.停船试验stopping test 31.操纵性试验manoeuvring test 32.正螺旋试验direct spiral test 33.逆螺旋试验reverse spiral test 34.固定螺距螺旋桨fixed pitch propeller 35.可变螺距螺旋桨controllable pitch propeller 36.阻力resistance 37.摩擦阻力frictional resistance 38.兴波阻力wave resistance 39.剩余阻力residual resistance 40.涡流阻力eddy-making resistance 41.污底阻力fouling resistance 42.附体阻力appendage resistance 43.空气阻力air resistance 44.汹涛阻力rough water resistance 45.推力thrust 46.吸入流suction current 47.排出流discharge current 48.转距torque 49.滑失slip 50.滑失比slip ratio 51.机器功率machinery horse power 52.收到功率delivered horse power 53.有效功率effective horse power 54.舵力rudder force 55.一字锚flying moor 56.伴流wake 57.舵效steerage 58.首缆head line 59.首横缆fore breast 60.首倒缆fore spring 61.尾缆stern line 62.尾横缆aft breast 63.尾倒缆aft spring 64.吊拖leading ahead 65.顶推pushing 66.傍拖towing alongside 67.尾找风stern to wind 68.受限水域confined water 69.浅水效应shallow water effect 70.岸壁效应bank effect 71.首下沉bow sinkage 72.尾下沉stern sinkage 73.岸吸suction 74.岸推repulsion 75.富余水深under keel clearance 76.船间效应interaction 77.海上船速sea speed 78.备车速度stand by speed 79.串视线transit line 80.墩底striking the bottom 81.单锚泊riding at single anchor 82.八字锚open mooring

从吨位丈量如何加强船舶的检验管理.doc

从吨位丈量如何加强船舶的检验管理- 摘要：我国的船舶管理已经有很长的历史，随着历史的更迭对船舶管理的制度也不断发生着改变，那阶段我国实行的船舶管理制度，是经过国家系统规划，以不断适应我国经济发展和水上生产及运输业需求制定的，在船舶管理的标准与监管力度方面都有所加强，以此来更加有效地规范我国船舶检验管理工作。以船舶吨位丈量为例，国家专门制定了相关条例，以实现船舶吨位丈量的统一管理。本文就将从船舶吨位丈量的角度出发探讨如何加强船舶的检验管理。 关键词：吨位丈量；船舶检验；管理制度 对船舶吨位丈量的规范与管理并非近年才开始实行，国际上1969年便制定了国际船舶吨位丈量公约，以对船舶吨位丈量进行规范。船舶吨位的丈量关系着船舶的安全承载与正常使用，船舶的超负荷承载对于船舶的使用安全及使用寿命有着严重的影响，也给水上运输行业带来极大的隐患。船舶吨位丈量的准确性与有效性的判定，是船舶管理中十分重要的部分。 1 吨位丈量管理的法律依据 为了规范船舶吨位丈量工作，中国海事局于2011年先后出台了《船舶吨位丈量统一管理实施方案》（以下简称《方案》）以及《船舶吨位丈量统一管理实施细则》（以下简称《细则》）。《方案》与《细则》的颁布为我国船舶吨位丈量的统一管理提供了有效的法律依据，也是我国船舶吨位丈量管理工作有效进行的保障。 在《方案》和《细则》实施之后，船舶安全检查人员会发现船舶吨位证书

有的是由海事局签发的，有的是由船检机构签发的。由于船检机构的资质与条件参差不齐，船检过程规范性也不能保证，因此在海事执法实际过程中，只有部分证书是符合规定的，而另一部分则不符合规定。吨位丈量的管理工作在船舶检验管理工作中有着很重要的意义，同时也为其他船舶检验工作的监管提供了借鉴。 2 实施吨位丈量统一管理的必要性 船舶法定检验是根据有关法律、法规、公约，由船检机构对船舶实施的是否符合国家有关技术规范强制要求的检验活动。船舶吨位证书是法定检验的重要证书之一。船舶建造时间、船舶吨位、航区等是确定船舶设备要求以及技术管理标准的一些基本依据。因此船舶吨位证书的有效性对于船舶的使用的安全性与规范性都有着直接的影响。 而在实际的船舶使用中，船舶的所有者与船舶经营者往往会因为经济利益的因素，在船舶吨位丈量中采取贿赂船检人员或是对船舶进行私自的吨位改装，造成船舶吨位丈量数据不准或不实，船舶吨位证书缺乏有效性的问题出现。这种问题往往表现为船舶吨位证书记载的船舶吨位，小于传播的实际吨位，即“大船小证”。 另外，以往船舶检验管理中存在着很多不规范的行为，管理存在漏洞，船舶检验与经济利益挂钩，导致船舶检验管理上的不严谨，使“大船小证”现象难以得到有效的治理与根除。船舶吨位丈量与其他船舶检验工作的质量，很大程度取决于船舶检验人员个人的自觉性，检验结果的准确性与真实性无法得到保障，且船舶管理人员在监管上存在着监管不到位、监管力度不强等问题，一定程度上加剧了船舶检验中的违规现象，造成船舶管理上的失效。

哈工程《船舶工程专业英语》翻译 全

注：红字部分表示翻译可能有问题，有些地方翻译有不 足之处，请谢谢大家指出。 第一章船舶设计 第一课介绍 翻译人员： 1.1 定义 ‘基本设计’是专业术语，它决定船舶主要性能，影响船舶造价和功能。因此，基本设计包括选择船型尺寸，船体形状，动力设备（数量和类型），初步布置船体机械设备和主要结构。合适的选择方案能保证达到目标要求，比如良好的耐波性和操纵性，预期航速，续航力，货舱舱容和总载重量。而且，包括校核使之达到货物装卸能力要求，舱室要求，各项宾馆服务标准，分舱要求，干舷和吨位丈量标准,所有这些都是盈利运输船舶，工业或服务系统用船，所必须考虑的 部分因素。 基本设计包括概念设计和初步设计，它决定了船舶主要性能，为价格初步估计做了准备。在整个设计过程中，基本设计完成后，就要进行合同设计和详细设计。正如合同设计这名暗示的那样，它为船厂投标和承接合同订单数准备合适的合同计划和规范。完整的合同计划和规范内容很清晰且足够详细，以避免发生代价高昂的偶发性事件，保护投标方免受模糊不清的描述要求的影响。详细设计是进一步完善合同方案，它是船厂的责任。合同方案需要为实际船舶建造准备施工图。 为了能够进行基本设计，每个人都必须了解整个设计流程。这中的四个步骤用 Ecans 的 1959 年的设计螺旋循环方式图说明了，设计螺旋循环方式是一种含盖从目标需求到详细设计的迭代过程，如图 1.1。下面将进一步详述这些步骤： a.概念设计。概念设计是最开始的工作，是讲目标需求转换成造船工程参数。一般来说，它包含技术可行性研究，来决定目标船舶的基本参数。例如船厂，船宽，船深，吃水，丰满度，动力能源设备，或一些代用特性，所有这些都是为了满足达到设计航速，航区，货舱舱容和总载重量的要求。它包括空船重量的初步估计，一般通过特性曲线，公式，或经验确定。在该阶段，备选设计一般由参数研究法来分析，以确定最经济的设计方案或任何其他必须考虑的决定性因素。所选择的概念设计用作今后获得建造费用的讨论文件，建造费用决定是否进展下一阶段工作：初步设计。 b.初步设计.船舶初步设计进一步完善了影响船舶造价和性能的主要参数。 这一阶段工作结束时，那些已确定的控制要素没有发生预期变化，例如船长，船宽，额定功率，和总载重量。该阶段的完成为目标船舶提供了精确的界定，这将满足目标需求；这为合同计划和规范的进一步展开提供了根据。 c.合同设计.合同设计阶段产生了一套图纸和规范，这是船厂合同文件的一

船舶专业英语-D-H

damage stability 破损稳性 damper 缓冲器 damping 阻尼 davit arm 吊臂 deadweight 总载重量 de-ballast 卸除压载 deck line at side 甲板边线 deck longitudinal 甲板纵骨 deck stringer 甲板边板 deck transverse 强横梁 deckhouse 舱面室，甲板室 deep v hull 深v型船体 delivery 交船 depth 船深 derrick 起重机，吊杆 design margin 设计余量 design spiral 设计螺旋循环方式 destroyer 驱逐舰 detachable shackle 散合式连接卸扣 detail design 详细设计 diagonal stiffener 斜置加强筋 diagram 图，原理图，设计图 diesel engine 柴油机 dimensionless ratio 无量纲比值 displacement 排水量 displacement type vessel 排水型船 distributed load 分布载荷 division 站，划分，分隔 do work 做功 dock 泊靠 double hook 山字钩 double iteration procedure 双重迭代法 double roller chock 双滚轮式导览钳 double-acting steam cylinder 双向作用的蒸汽气缸down halyard 降帆索 draft 吃水 drag 阻力，拖拽力 drainage 排水 draught 吃水，草图，设计图，牵引力 dredge 挖泥船 drift 漂移，偏航

船舶与海洋工程专业专业英语词汇要点

船舶与海洋工程专业专业英语词汇 1、A类 a faired set of lines 经过光顺的一组型线 abaft 朝向船尾absence 不存在accommodation 居住(舱室) acquisition cost 购置（获取）成本activate 作动 adopt 采用aegis 保护，庇护 aerostatic 空气静力学的after perpendicular (a. p. ）艉柱 ahead and astern 正车和倒车 air cushion vehicle 气垫船 aircraft carrier 航空母舰airfoil 气翼，翼剖面，机面，方向舵 airfoil 气翼，机翼alignment chock 组装校准用垫楔(或填料) allowance 公差，余(裕)量，加工裕量，补贴 American Bureau of Shipping (美国)船级社 amidships 舯amidships 在舯部 amphibious 两栖的angle of attack 攻角 angle plate 角钢 anticipated loads encountered at sea在海上遭遇到的预期载荷 antiroll fins 减摇鳍 appendage 附体 appendage 附件，附体 appendage 附体 artisan 技工 assembly line 装配(流水)线 athwart ships 朝 (船)横向 at-sea replenishment 海上补给 axiomatic 理所当然的，公理化的 2、B类 back up member 焊接垫板 backing structure 垫衬结构 Bar 型材，材bar keel 棒龙骨，方龙骨，矩形龙骨 barge 驳船 base line 基线 base, base line 基线basic design 基本设计 batten 压条，板条 be in short supply 供应短缺、俏销 beam 船身最大宽，横梁beam 船宽，梁 bench work 钳工 bevel 折角 bid 投标 bidder 投标人(者) bilge 舭，舱底bilge 舭 bilge keel 舭龙骨 bilge radius 舭半径 bills of material 材料(细目)单 blast 喷丸(除锈) block coefficient 方形系数block coefficient 方形系数 Board of Trade (英国)贸易厅 body plan 横剖面图 body section 横剖图 Bonjean curve 邦戎曲线 boom 吊杆 boundary layer 边界层 bow line 前体纵剖线 bow thruster 艏侧推器 bow wave 艏波boyant 浮力的 bracket 轴支架，支架breadth extreme 最大宽，计算宽 breadth moulded 型宽breakbulk 件杂货 buckle 屈曲budget 预算，作预算 buffer area 缓冲区