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wto反倾销协议原文

AGREEMENT ON IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE AGREEMENT ON IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE

VI OF THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE 199

Members hereby agree as follows:

PART I

Article Article

Principles

An anti-dumping measure shall be applied only under the circumstances

provided for in Article Article VI of GATT 1994 and pursuant to

investigations initiat and conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. The following provisions govern the application of Article and

conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. The following provisions govern the application of Article VI of GATT 1994 in so far as

action is taken under anti-dumpg legislation or regulations.

Article Article

Determination of Dumping

2.1 For the purpose of this Agreement, a product is to be considered as being dumped, i.e. introduced into the commerce of another country at less than its normal value, if the export price of the product exported

from one country to another is less than the comparable price, in the ordinary course of trade, for the like product when destined for consumption in the exporting country.

2.2 When there are no sales of the like product in the ordinary course of trade in the domestic market of the exporting country or when, because of the

particular market situation or the low volume of the sales in the domestic market of the exporting country, such sales do not permit a proper comparison, the margin of dumping shall be determined by comparison with a comparable price of

the like product when exported to an appropriate third country, provided that this price is representative, or with the cost of production in the country of origin plus a reasonable amount for administrative, selling and general costs and for profits.

2.2.1 Sales of the like product in the domestic market of the exporting country or sales to a third country at prices below per unit (fixed and variable) costs of production plus administrative, selling and general costs may be treated as not being in the ordinary course of trade by reason of price and may be disregarded in determining normal value only if the authorities determine

that such sales are made within an extended period of time in substantial quantities and are at prices which do not provide for the recovery of all costs

within a reasonable period of time. If prices which are below per

unit costs at the time of sale are above weighted average per unit costs for the period of investigation, such prices shall be considered to provide for recovery of

costs within a reasonable period of time.

2.2.1.1 For the purpose of paragraph 2.2.1.1 For the purpose of paragraph

2, costs shall normally be calculated on the basis of records kept

by the exporter or oducer under investigation, provided that such records are in accordance with

the generally accepted accounting principles of the exporting

country and reasonably reflect the costs associated with the production and sale of the product under consideration. Authorities shall consider all available evidence

on the proper allocation of costs, including that which is made available by the exporter or producer in the course of the investigation provided that such allocations have been historically utilized by the exporter or producer, in particular in relation to establishing appropriate amortization and depreciation periods and allowances for capital expenditures and other development costs. Unless already reflected in the cost allocations under this sub-paragraph, costs shall be adjusted appropriately for those non-recurring

items of cost which benefit future and/or current production, or for circumstances in which costs during the period of investigation are affected by start-up operations.

2.2.2 For the purpose of paragraph 2, the amounts for administrative, selling and general costs and for profits shall be based on actual data pertaining to production and sales in the ordinary course of trade of

the like product by the exporter or producer under investigation. When such amounts

cannot be determined on this basis, the amounts may be determined on the basis of:

(i) the actual amounts incurred and realized by the exporter or producer in question in respect of production and sales in the domestic market of the

country of origin of the same general category of products;

(ii) the weighted average of the actual amounts incurred and

realized by other exporters or producers subject to investigation in respect of production and sales of the like product in the domestic market of the country of origin;

(iii) any other reasonable method, provided that the amount for

profit so established shall not exceed the profit normally realized by other exporters or producers on sales of products of the same general category in the domestic

market of the country of origin.

2.3 In cases where there is no export price or where it appears to the authorities concerned that the export price is unreliable because of association or a compensatory arrangement between the exporter and the importer or a third party, the export price may be constructed on the basis of the price at which the imported products are first resold to an independent buyer, or if the products are not resold to an independent buyer, or not resold in the condition

as imported, on such reasonable basis as the authorities may determine.

2.4 A fair comparison shall be made between the export price and the normal value. This comparison shall be made at the same level of trade, normally at the ex-factory level, and in respect of sales made at as nearly as possible the same time. Due allowance shall be made in each case, on its merits, for

differences which affect price comparability, including differences in conditions and terms of sale, taxation, levels of trade, quantities, physical characteristics, and any other differences which are also demonstrated to affect

price comparability. In the cases referred to in paragraph 3, allowances for

costs, including duties and taxes, incurred between impoation and resale, and for profits accruing, should also be made. If in these cases price comparability has been affected, the authorities shall establish the normal value at a level

of trade equivalent to the level of trade of the constructed export price, or shall make due allowance as warranted under this paragraph. The authorities shall indicate to the parties in question what information is necessary to ensure

a fair comparison and shall not impose an unreasonable burden of proof on those parties.

2.4.1 When the comparison under paragraph 4 requires a conversion of currencies, such conversion should be made using the rate of exchange on the date of sale, provided that when a sale of foreign currency on forward markets is directly linked to the export sale involved, the rate of exchange in the

forward sale shall be used. Fluctuations in exchange rates shall be ignored and in an investigation the authorities shall allow exporters at least 60 ort sale

involved, the rate of exchange in the forward sale shall be used. Fluctuations

in exchange rates shall be ignored and in an investigation the authorities shall allow exporters at least 60 days to have adjusted

their export prices to reflect stained movements in exchange rates during the period of investigation.

2.4.2 Subject to the provisions governing fair comparison in paragraph

2.4.2 Subject to the provisions governing fair comparison in paragraph 4, the

existence of margins of dumping during the investigation phase shall normally be established on the basisf a comparison of a weighted average normal value with a weighted average of prices of all comparable export transactions or by a comparison of normal value and export prices on a transaction-to-transaction

basis. A normal value established on a weighted average basis may be compared

to prices of individual export transactions if the authorities find a pattern

of export prices which differ significantly among different purchasers, regions or time periods, and if an explanation is provided as to why such differences

cannot be taken into account appropriately by the use of a weighted average-to-weighted average or transaction-to-transaction comparison.

2.5 In the case where products are not imported directly from the country of origin but are exported to the importing Member from an intermediate country, the price at which the products are sold from the country of export to the importing Member shall normally be compared with the comparable price in the country of export. However, comparison may be made with the price in the country

of origin, if, for example, the products are merely transshipped through the country of export, or such products are not produced in the country of export, or there is no comparable price for them in the country of export.

2.6 Throughout this Agreement the term "like product" ("produit similaire") shall be interpreted to mean a product which is identical, i.e. alike in all respects to the product under consideration, or in the absence of such a product, another product which, although not alike in all respects, has characteristics closely resembling those of the product under consideration.

2.7 This Article is without prejudice to the second Supplementary Provision to paragraph 2.7 This Article is without prejudice to the second Supplementary

Provision to paragraph 1 of Article VI in Annex I to GATT 199

Article Article

Determination of Injury

3.1 A determination of injury for purposes of Article VI of GATT 1994

shall be based on positive evidence and involve an objective examination of

bot(a) the volume of the dumped imports and the effect of the dumped imports on prices in the domestic market for like products, and (b) the consequent

impact of these imports on domestic producers of such products.

3.2 With regard to the volume of the dumped imports, the

investigating authorities shall consider whether there has been a significant increase in dumped imports, either in absolute terms or

relative to production or consumption in the importing Member. With regard to the effect of the dumped

imports on prices, the investigating authorities shall consider whether there has been a significant price undercutting by the dumped imports as compared with the price of a like product of the importing Member, or whether the effect of

such imports is otherwise to depress prices to a significant degree or prevent price increases, which otherwise would have occurred, to a significant degree. No one or several of these factors can necessarily give decisive guidance.

3.3 Where imports of a product from more than one country are simultaneously subject to anti-dumping investigations, the investigating authorities may cumulatively assess the effects of such imports only if they determine that (a) the margin of dumping established in relation to the imports from each country

is more than de minimis as defined in paragraph 8 Article 5 and the volume

of imports from each country is not negligible an(b) a cumulative assessment of the effects of the imports is appropriate in light of the conditions of competition between the imported products and the conditions of competition

between the imported products and the like domestic product.

3.4 The examination of the impact of the dumped imports on the domestic industry concerned shall include an evaluation of all relevant

economic factors and indices having a bearing on the state of the industry, including actual and potential decline in sales, profits, output, market share, productivity, return on investments, or

utilization of capacity; factors affecting domestic prices; the magnitude of the margin of dumping; actual and potential negative effects

on cash flow, inventories, employment, wages, growth, ability to raise capital or investments. This list is not exhaustive, nor can one or several of these

factors necessarily give decisive guidance.

3.5 It must be demonstrated that the dumped imports are, through the effects of dumping, as set forth in paragraphs 2 and 4, causing injury within the

meaning of this Agreement. The demonstration of a causal

relationship between the dumped imports and the injury to the domestic industry shall be based on

an examination of all relevant evidence before the authorities. The authorities shall also examine any known factors other than the dumped imports which at the

same time are injuring the domestic industry, and the injuries caused by these other factors must not be attributed to the dumped imports. Factors which may be relevant in this respect include, inter inter al, the volume and prices

of imports not sold at dumping prices, contraction in demand or changes in the patterns of consumption, trade-restrictive practices of and competition between the foreign and domestic producers, developments in technology and the export

performance and productivity of the domestic industry.

3.6 The effect of the dumped imports shall be assessed in relation

to the domestic production of the like product when available data permit the separate identification of that production on the basis of such criteria as the production

process, producers' sales and profits. If such separate

identification of that production is not possible, the effects of the dumped imports shall be assessed by the examination of the production of the narrowest group or range of products,

which includes the like product, for which the necessary information can be provided.

3.7 A determination of a threat of material injury shall be based on facts and not merely on allegation, conjecture or remote possibility. The change in circumstances which would create a situation in which the dumping would cause injury must be clearly foreseen and imminent. In making a determination

regarding the existence of a threat of material injury, the authorities should consider, inter inter al, such factors as:

(i) a significant rate of increase of dumped imports into the domestic market indicating the likelihood of substantially increased importation;

(ii) sufficient freely disposable, or an imminent, substantial increase in, capacity of the exporter indicating the likelihood of substantially increased dumped exports to the importing Member's market, taking into account

the availability of other export markets to absorb any additional exports;

(iii) whether imports are entering at prices that will have a significant depressing or suppressing effect on domestic prices, and would likely increase

demand for further imports; and

(iv) inventories of the product being investigated.

No one of these factors by itself can necessarily give decisive guidance but the totality of the factors considered must lead to the conclusion that further dumped exports are imminent and that, unless protective action is taken, material injury would occur.

3.8 With respect to cases where injury is threatened by dumped imports, the application of anti-dumping measures shall be considered and decided with special care.

Article Article

Definition of Domestic Industry

4.1 For the purposes of this Agreement, the term "domestic industry" shall be interpreted as referring to the domestic producers as a whole

of the like products or to those of them whose collective output of the products constitutes a major proportion of the total domestic production of those products, except that:

(i) when producers are related to the exporters or importers or are themselves importers of the allegedly dumped product, the term "domestic industry" may be interpreted as referring to the rest of the producers;

(ii) in exceptional circumstances the territory of a Member may, for the production in question, be divided into two or more competitive markets and the producers within each market may be regarded as a separate industry if (a)

the producers within such market sell all or almost all of their production of the product in question in that market, and (b) (bthe demand in that market

is not to any substantial degree supplied by producers of the

product in question located elsewhere in the territory. In such circumstances, injury may be found to exist even where a major portion

of the total domestic industry is not injured, provided there is a concentration of dumped imports into such an isolated market and provided further that the dumped imports are causing injury to

the producers of all or almost all of the production within such market.

4.2 When the domestic industry has been interpreted as referring to the producers in a certain area, i.e. a market as defined in paragraph s defined

in paragraph 1(ii), anti-dumping duties shall be levi only on the products in question consigned for final consumption to that area. When the constitutional law of the importing Member does not permit the levying of anti-dumping duties

on such a basis, the importing Member may levy the anti-dumping duties without

limitation only if (a) the exporters shall have been given an opportunity to

cease exporting at dumped prices to the area concerned or otherwise give assurances pursuant to Article the exporters shall have been given an

opportunity to cease exporting at dumped prices to the area concerned or otherwise give assurances pursuant to Articl8 and adequate assurances in this regard have not been promptly given, and (b) such duties cannot be levied only

on products of specific producers which supply the area in question.

4.3 Where two or more countries have reached under the provisions of

paragraph graph 8(a) of Article XXIV of GATT 1994 such a level of integration that they have the characteristics of a single, unified market, the industry in the entire area of integration shall be taken to be the domestic industry referred to in paragraph

4.4 The provisions of paragraph The provisions of paragraph 6 of Article

3 shall be applicable to this Articl

Article 5

Initiation and Subsequent Investigation

. 5.1 Except as provided for in paragraph 6, an investigation to determine

the existence, degree and effect of any alleged dumping shall be initiated upon

a written application by or on behalf of the domestic industry.

5.2 An application under paragraph 1 shall include evidence o(a) dumping,

(b) injury within the meaning of Article injury within the meaning

of Article

VI of GATT 1994 as interpreted by this Agrment and (c) a causal link between

the dumped imports and the alleged injury. Simple assertion, unsubstantiated by relevant evidence, cannot be considered sufficient to meet the requirements

of this paragraph. The application shall contain such information as is reasonably available to the applicant on the following:

(i) the identity of the applicant and a description of the volume and value of the domestic production of the like product by the applicant. Where a written application is made on behalf of the domestic

industry, the application shall identify the industry on behalf of which the application is made by a list of all known domestic producers of the like product (or associations of domestic producers of the like product) and, to the extent possible, a description of the volume and value of domestic production of the like product accounted for

by such producers;

(ii) a complete description of the allegedly dumped product, the names of the country or countries of origin or export in question, the identity of each known exporter or foreign producer and a list of known persons importing the

product in question;

(iii) information on prices at which the product in question is sold when destined for consumption in the domestic markets of the country or countries of origin or export (or, where appropriate, information on the prices at which

the product is sold from the country or countries of origin or

export to a third country or countries, or on the constructed value of the product) and information on export prices or, where appropriate, on the prices at which the product is

first resold to an independent buyer in the territory of the importing Member;

(iv) information on the evolution of the volume of the allegedly dumped imports, the effect of these imports on prices of the like product in the domestic market and the consequent impact of the imports

on the domestic industry, as demonstrated by relevant factors and indices having a bearing on the state of the domestic industry, such as those listed in paragraphs listed in paragraphs

2 and 4 of Article

5.3 The authorities shall examine the accuracy and adequacy of the evidence provided in the application to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to justify the initiation of an investigation.

5.4 An investigation shall not be initiated pursuant to paragraph 1 unless

the authorities have determined, on the basis of an examination of the degree

of support for, or opposition to, the application express by domestic producers of the like product, The application shall be considered to have been made "by

or on behalf of the domestic industry" if it is supported by those domestic producers whose collective output constitutes more than 50 per cent of the

total production of the like product produced by that portion of the domestic industry expressing either support for or opposition to the application. However, no investigation shall be initiated when domestic producers express

supporting the application account for less than 25 percent of total production of the like product produced by the domestic industry.

5.5 The authorities shall avoid, unless a decision has been made to initiate an investigation, any publicizing of the application for the initiation of an investigation. However, after receipt of a properly documented application and before proceeding to initiate an investigation, the authorities shall notify the government of the exporting Member concerned.

5.6 in special circumstances, the authorities concerned decide to initiate an investigation without having received a written application by or on behalf of a domestic industry for the initiation of such investigation, they shall proceed only if they have sufficient evidence of dumping, injury and a causal link, as described in paragraph nt evidence of dumping, injury and a causal

link, as described in paragraph 2, to justify the initiation of an investigatio

5.7 The evidence of both dumping and injury shall be considered

simultaneously (a) in the decision whether or not to initiate an investigation, and (b) thereafter, during the course of the investigation, starting on a date not later than the earliest date on which in accordance with the provisions of

this Agreement provisional measures may be applied.

5.8 An application under paragraph raph 1 shall be rejected and an

investigation shall be terminated promptly as soon as the

authorities concerned are satisfied that there is not sufficient evidence of either dumping or of

injury to justify proceeding with the case. There shall be immedie termination in cases where the authorities determine that the margin of dumping is de de

minim, or that the volume of dumped imports, actual or potential, or the injury,

is negligible. The margin of dumping shall be considered to be de de minim

if this margin is less than 2 per cent, expressed as a percentage of the export price. The volume of dumped imports shall normally be regarded as negligible

if the volume of dumped imports from a particular country is found to account for less than 3 per cent of ports of the like product in the importing Member, unless countries which individually account for less than 3 orts of the like

product in the importing Member, unless countries which individually account for less than 3 per cent of the imports of the like product in the importing Member collectively account for more than 7 per cent of imports of the like

prodt in the importing Member.

5.9 An anti-dumping proceeding shall not hinder the procedures of customs clearance.

5.10 Investigations shall, except in special circumstances, be concluded within one year, and in no case more than 18 months, after their initiation.

Article 6

Evidence

6.1 All interested parties in an anti-dumping investigation shall be given

notice of the information which the authorities require and ample opportunity to present in writing all evidence which they consider relevant in respect of the investigation in question.

6.1.1 Exporters or foreign producers receiving questionnaires used

in an anti-dumping investigation shall be given at least 30 days for reply. Due consideration should be given to any request for an extension of the 30-day

period and, upon cause shown, such an extension should be granted whenever practicable.

6.1.2 Subject to the requirement to protect confidential information, evidence presented in writing by one interested party shall be made available promptly to other interested parties participating in the investigation.

6.1.3 As soon as an investigation has been initiated, the

authorities shall provide the full text of the written application received under paragraph 6.1.3

As soon as an investigation has been initiated, the authorities

shall provide

the full text of the written application received under paragraph 1

of Article

世贸组织反倾销协议中文

WTO反倾销协议各成员协议如下：第一条总则反倾销措施应仅在1994年关贸总协定第六条规定的情况下实施，并按照本协议的规定发起和进行调查。根据反倾销法或者条例采取行动而适用1994年关贸总协定第六条时，适用下列规定：第二条倾销的确定 1.本协议之目的，如果一项产品从一国出口到另一国，该产品的出口价格在正常的贸易过程中，低于出口国旨在用于本国消费的同类产品的可比价格，也即以低于其正常价值进入另一国的商业，则该产品即被认为是倾销。 2.在出口国国内市场在正常贸易过程中不存在该同类产品的销售时，或者该项销售由于该市场的特定情况，或在出口国国内市场的销售量太少，而不能用于适当的比较时，则倾销幅度应通过与向一个合适的第三国出口的同类产品的可比价格(如果该价格是有代表性的话)，进行比较而确定，或者与原产地国的生产成本，加上合理数额的管理费、销售费和一般成本并加利润进行比较而确定: (a)在出口国国内市场上同类产品的销售，或者向一个第三国销售，其价格低于每单位(固定的和可变的)生产成本加上行政管理费、销售费和一般费用，其销售可作为不是由于价格原因而处在正常贸易过程中，并且只有由当局决定该项销售的很大部分是在持续的长时期间内作出的，且该项销售的价格未能预订可以在一段合理期间内收回其全部成本的，则在确定正常价值时可不予考虑。如果在销售时，其价格低于单项成本；但高于其在调查期间的平均单项成本，则该价格应被认为是在一段合理的期间内收回了成本； (b)本条第2款规定的成本费用，通常应根据受调查的出口商或生产商存有的记录计算，如果该记录是符合出口国普遍接受的会计原则，合理反映与生产有关的成本以及有关产品的销售。当局应考虑全部现有的成本适当分配的证据，包括出口商或生产商在调查过程中作出的分配证据，其前提是该分配在历史上一直被出口商或生产商所使用，特别应对有关确立适当的分期付款和折旧期限、按资费用以及其它开发成本的补助费加以考虑，除非根据本款项规定已在成本分配中得到反映，否则成本应对那些有利于将来或当前生产的非经常性项目成本作出适当的调整，或者对在调查期间成本费用因刚开始生产而受到影响的情况作出适当的调整。 (c)本条第2款所指的管理费、销售费和一般费用以及利润数额，应以与生产有关的实际数据以及受调查的出口商或生产商在正常贸易过程中相关产品的销售为根据。在该数额不能以此为基础确定时，则可依照下更基础确定: (i)该出口商或生产商在国内市场上有关生产和销售原产地的一般相同类别产品所产生和实现的实际费用数额。 (ii)其他受调查的出口商或生产商在国内市场上有关生产和销售原产地同类产品所产生和实现的实际费用数额的加权平均额。 (iii)任何其他合理的方法，假如确定的利润数额，不超过其他出口商或生产商在国内市场上销售原产地的一般相同类别产品通常所获得的利润数额。 3.如果不存在出口价格，或者对有关当局来说，由于出口商与进口商或者第三者之间有联合或补偿安排而使出口价格不可靠时，则出口价格可以下述价格为基础构成，即进口产品首次转售给独立买

WTO反倾销协议

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8(“本国”系指生产某种商品的本国。 9(“进口商”系指进口或让他人为其进口货物的人。 10(“产业”系指在美国生产某种相似产品的生产商的整体，但是商务部部长根据关税法第771条第4款B项裁定不能包括在内的生产者除外(比如本身又是该产品进口商，或者与进口商、生产者或出口商有联系的生产商)。根据关税法第771条第4款C项之规定，如果一批生产者在美国某一特定的区域市场上销售其生产的全部或几乎全部产品，并且对该种相似产品需求的供给不是由位于美国其他区域的生产商大量提供，那么可以将该批生产者视作本条前述的某一产业。 11(“利害关系人”系指:(1)某种产品的生产者，出口商或美国进口商，或由某种产品进口商的大部分组成的行业协会或商会;(2)生产该商品的本国政府;(3)美国生产某种相似产品的生产者或销售商(不限于零售商);(4)由作为 2 该产业代表的工人或由美国某种相似产品的销售商(不限于零售商)组成的、经政府批准认可的工会或商业团体;(5)由生产或销售美国生产的相似产品的大部分生产者或销售商组成的行业协会或商会;(6)由本条第(3)、 (4)或(5)项规定的利害关系方的大部分成员组成的协会。 12(“调查”。某一项调查系指自调查发动通知公布之日起，到下述通知或命令的第一次公布之日止的调查:(1)关于调查终止的通知;(2)关于撤消调查的通知;(3)因否定性终裁生效而使程序终止的通知;或(5)部长所颁布的一项命令。 13(“商品”系指作为调查对象的，为进口到美国而已被销售或可能被销售的某一类或某一种商品。 14(“命令”系指商务部部长根据本条例第二部分第十一条的规定颁发的命令或根据1921年反倾销法颁布的调查结论。

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wto反倾销协议原文,英文

AGREEMENT ON IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE AGREEMENT ON IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE VI OF THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE 199 Members hereby agree as follows: PART I Article Article Principles An anti-dumping measure shall be applied only under the circumstances provided for in Article Article VI of GATT 1994 and pursuant to investigations initiat and conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. The following provisions govern the application of Article and conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. The following provisions govern the application of Article VI of GATT 1994 in so far as action is taken under anti-dumpg legislation or regulations. Article Article Determination of Dumping 2.1 For the purpose of this Agreement, a product is to be considered as being dumped, i.e. introduced into the commerce of another country at less than its normal value, if the export price of the product exported from one country to another is less than the comparable price, in the ordinary course of trade, for the like product when destined for consumption in the exporting country. 2.2 When there are no sales of the like product in the ordinary course of trade in the domestic market of the exporting country or when, because of the particular market situation or the low volume of the sales in the domestic market of the exporting country, such sales do not permit a proper comparison, the margin of dumping shall be determined by comparison with a comparable price of the like product when exported to an appropriate third country, provided that this price is representative, or with the cost of production in the country of origin plus a reasonable amount for administrative, selling and general costs and for profits. 2.2.1 Sales of the like product in the domestic market of the exporting country or sales to a third country at prices below per unit (fixed and variable) costs of production plus administrative, selling and general costs may be treated as not being in the ordinary course of trade by reason of price and may be disregarded in determining normal value only if the authorities determine

TPP Initial provisions and general definitions 跨太平洋伙伴协议中英文对照no annex

CHAPTER 1 INITIAL PROVISIONS AND GENERAL DEFINITIONS Section A: Initial Provisions 第1 章初始条款和一般定义 A 节初始条款 Article 1.1: Establishment of a Free Trade Area The Parties to this Agreement, consistent with Article XXIV of GATT 1994 and Article V of GATS, hereby establish a free trade area in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. 第1.1 条自由贸易区的建立本协定各缔约方，在与《1994 年关税与贸易总协定》第24条和《服务贸易总协定》第5 条相一致的基础上，特此依照本协定条款建立自由贸易区。 Article 1.2: Relation to Other Agreements 1. Recognizing the Parties’ intention for this Agreement to coexist with their exist ing international agreements, each Party affirms, (a) in relation to existing international agreements to which all Parties are party, including the WTO Agreement, its existing rights and obligations with respect to each other; and (b) in relation to existing international agreements to which that Party and at least one other Party are party, its existing rights and obligations with respect to such other Party or Parties, as the case may be. 第1.2 条与其他协定的关系 1. 认识到缔约方有意使本协定与其现存国际协定并存，每一缔约方确认， (a) 对于包括《WTO 协定》在内的所有缔约方均为缔约方的现行国际协定而言，相互间的现行权利和义务；及 (b) 对于该缔约方和至少一其他缔约方为缔约方的现行国际协定而言，针对该一个多个缔约方的现行权利和义务，视具体情况而定。 2. If a Party believes that a provision of this Agreement is inconsistent with a provision of another agreement to which it and at least one other Party are party, upon request, the relevant Parties to the other agreement shall consult with a view to reaching a mutually satisfactory solution. This paragraph is without prejudice to a Party’s rights and obligations under Chapter 28 (Dispute Settlement).11 2. 如一缔约方认为，本协定一条款与该缔约方和至少一其他缔约方为缔约方的另一协定一条款不一致，应请求，该另一协定相关缔约方应进行磋商，以期达成双方满意的解决办法。本款不妨碍一缔约方在第28 章(争端解决)下的权利和义务。1 11For the purpose of application of this Agreement, the Parties agree that the fact that an agreement provides more favorable treatment of goods, services, investments, or persons than that provided for under this Agreement does not mean that there is an inconsistency within the meaning of paragraph 2. 就本协定的适用而言，缔约方同意，一协定对货物、服务、投资或人所给予的待遇优于本协定项下所给予待遇的事实，并不意味着存在第2 款意义上的不一致。

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其销售可作为不是由于价格原因而处在正常贸易过各成员协议如下：程中，并且只有由当局决定该项销售的很大部分是在第一条总则持续的长时期间内作出的，且该项销售的价格未能反倾销措施应仅在 1994 年关贸总协定第六条规预订可以在一段合理期间内收回其全部成本的，则在定的情况下实施，并按照本协议的规定发起和进行调确定正常价值时可不予考虑。如果在销售时，其价查。根据反倾销法或者条例采取行动而适用 1994 格低于单项成本；但高于其在调查期间的平均单项成年关贸总协定第六条时，适用下列规定：本，则该价格应被认为是在一段合理的期间内收回了第二条倾销的确定成本； 1. 本协议之目的，如果一项产品从一国出口到另 (b) 本条第 2 款规定的成本费用，通常应根据受调一国，该产品的出口价格在正常的贸易过程中，低于查的出口商或生产商存有的记录计算，如果该记录是出口国旨在用于本国消费的同类产品的可比价格，也符合出口国普遍接受的会计原则，合理反映与生产有即以低于其正常价值进入另一国的商业，则该产品即关的成本以及有关产品的销售。当局应考虑全部现被认为是倾销。有的成本适当分配的证据，包括出口商或生产商在调 2. 在出口国国内市场在正常贸易过程中不查过程中作出的分配证据，其前提是该分配在历史存在该同类产品的销售时，或者该项销售由于该市上一直被出口商或生产商所使用，特别应对有关确立场的特定情况，或在出口国国内市场的销售量太少，适当的分期付款和折旧期限、按资费用以及其它开发而不能用于适当的比较时，则倾销幅度应通过与向一成本的补助费加以考虑，除非根据本款项规定已在成个合适的第三国出口的同类产品的可比价格 ( 如果该本分配中得到反映，否则成本应对那些有利于将来或价格是有代表性的话 )，进行比较而确定，或者与原当前生产的非经常性项目成本作出适当的调整，或产地国的生产成本，加上合理数额的管理费、销售费者对在调查期间成本费用因刚开始生产而受到影响和一般成本并加利润进行比较而确定 : 的情况作出适当的调整。 (a) 在出口国国内市场上同类产品的销售，或者向 (c) 本条第2款所指的管理费、销售费和一般费一个第三国销售，其价格低于每单位 (固定的和可变 WTO 反倾销协议的)生产成本加上行政管理费、销售费和一般费用，

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遇到损害赔偿问题？赢了网律师为你免费解惑！访问>> https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7117045158.html, 反倾销措施协议 1、主要原则反倾销措施协议制定了一项重要原则，就是不应仅仅依据进口商品构成倾销便对它们采取反倾销行动，而只有在经进口国的调查当局确定倾销的进口货造成如下影响时方可采用： (l)对国内工业造成损害或造成损害威胁;或 (2)实质上阻止某一进口国国内工业的建立。 2、倾销的定义基本标准如果出口价格低于“相同产品”在出口国国内市场上正常可比价格，该产品可认为构成倾销。

然而，在作出此比较时，两种价格应在相同贸易水平上。一般来说，应以出厂价格水平，并在几乎相同的时间出售为标准进行比较。对影响价格可比性的税收及其它方面的差异应予以扣除。可选择的备用标准如果出口商品在出口国国内市场没有销售，或如果此类销售无法进行适当的比较，倾销差额可通过与下述价格进行比较加以确定： (1)相同产品出口到任何第三国市场的可比价格，这一价格可能是最高价格，但应是具有代表性的价格; (2)或在原产国的生产成本加上合理数量的管理、销售和其它费用以及利润。 3、对国内工业损害的确定关于倾销的进口货物是否对国内工业造成损害这一点，应由负责调查的当局根据确凿的证据以及对以下情况进行客观地审查加以确定： (1)倾销进口货物的数额、加上它们对进口国国内市场相同产品的价格影响;

(2)这些进口货物对同类产品的国内生产者的影响。 4、反倾销调查的发起一般可根据其利益受到倾销货物影响的某一行业的名义提出书面请求，发起反倾销调查，此项请求应包括以下三方面的充分证据： (1)倾销; (2)损害; (3)以及倾销与损害之间的因果关系。只有在具备倾销与损害两方面的充分证据的条件下进行初步调查才是必要的。 5、本协议的程序规定本协议进一步制定了详细的指导程序及规则： ——反倾销程序的透明度;

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