最新英美概况专八复习1
美国概况
练习题：
1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is_____.
2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is ____.
3 The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is____.
4 Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is____.
5 ____has the world’s oldest written con stitution and political party.
6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by____.
7 In the United States, primary education requires____years.
8 Most college students in the United States are
in____institutions.
9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are____________.
10 _____(which state )is not governed by the common law.
练习题答案及题解:
1. The Mississippi River, 密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线。
2 .The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain，最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。
3 .Non-hispanics white，非西班牙裔的白人是美国最大的种族群体。
4 .African Americans， 2000年以前非裔美国人是美国最大的少数民族群体。2000年以后，拉丁裔美国人的人数超过了非裔美国人的人数，成为美国第一大少数民族群体。
5 .America，美国拥有世界上最古老的宪法和政党。
6. World War II，第二次世界大战的爆发帮助美国走出了经济困境。
7. Six years，美国的小学要花费大约六年的时间。
8. Public，大部分美国大学生都在公立学校就读。
9 .美国的联邦法院系统包括：the United States District Courts; the United States Courts of Appeal ; the United States Supreme Court.
10 .Louisana，路易斯安娜州不受共同法的约束。
美国概况
练习题：
1 Of the fifty states of America, _____states now have the death penalty as punishment.
2 The four major regions of the United Sates
are________________________________.
3 ______ region’s culture character was shaped largely by Puritan spirit.
4 ______is the largest state in terms of size and population in America.
5＂Hollywood＂is often used as a synonym for_____
6 The most important and largest river in the United States of America is_____.
7 The north-eastern part of the United States ――New England enjoys a _____climate.
8 To the west of mainland American lies the _____ Ocean.
9 Detroit, a U.S. city bordering Lake Erie, is famous for its_____.
10 The natives of the continent of the America are the_____. 练习题答案及题解:
1． 38, 美国现有38个州惩罚罪犯采用死刑。
2 ．Northeast, South, Midwest and West, 美国的主要四大部分不包括北部。
3． The New England Region, 美国的新英格兰地区，也就是东北部地区深受清教思想的影响。
4 ．California，加利福尼亚州是美国最大的州，拥有人口也最多。
5 ．American films，好莱坞是美国著名的电影制造地。
6． the Mississippi River，美国最长的河流是密西西比河，也是美国最重要的一条河流。被美国人视为“众河之父”，沿河流域也是美国
的主要农作物产区。
7 ．typical continental，美国东北部的新英格兰地区是典型的大陆
性气候。冬天寒冷，夏天炎热。
8 ．Pacific Ocean，美国东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南靠墨西哥及墨西哥湾。
9 ．automobile industry，底特律是美国著名的汽车城。
10 ．Indians，美国的本土居民是当地的印第安人。
美国概况
练习题：
1 ．_____is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.
A ．Washington D.C
B ．Los Angeles C． San Francisco D ．New York City
2． _____ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions. A． Blacks B ．Hispanics C． Indians D． Asian Americans
3 ．Washington D.C. is named after___________.
A． the U.S. President George Washington
B ．Christopher Columbus
C ．both George Washington and Christopher Columbus
D ．none of them
4 ．American and British English are two_____ of the English language.
A． varieties B． elements C． parts D． form
5． The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was______.
A ．Thomas Jefferson B． James Monroe C． James Madison D ．Abraham Lincoln
6 ．Of the fifty states, the smallest state in area is_____. A． Rhode Island B ．Virginia C． Texas D ．Montana
7． The national flag of the United States is known as_____. A． the Star-Spangled Banner B ．Uncle Sam C ．Hot Dog D ．Union Jack
8． The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _____.
A ．contribution a state has made to the nation
B． population
C． size
D． none of the above
9 ．The tern “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _____. A． the Amazon River B． the Mississippi River C． the Nile River D． the Hudson River
10 The statue of liberty was given to American people by_____ as
a gift in 1884.
A． France B． Spain C ．Italy D ．Britain
练习题答案及题解:
1 ．D, 纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口。
2． A, 黑人在美国的经济和社会地位都最为低下。
3 ．C, 首都命名为华盛顿是为了纪念美国的第一任总统乔治?华盛顿，而联邦直辖区命名为哥伦比亚特区是为了纪念第一位从欧洲横渡大西
洋到达西半球的探险家克里斯多拂?哥伦布。
4． A, 美国英语和英国英语是英语语言的两种变体。
5． D, 美国历史上的第一位共和党总统是亚伯拉罕?林肯。
6． A, 美国国土面积最小的是罗得岛。
7 ．A, 美国的国旗是星条旗。
8． B, 美国每个州派往众议院的代表人数应与本州人口成比例。
9 ．B, 美国的“众河之父”指的是密西西比河。
10． A, 美国的自由女神像是法国人赠予的礼物。
美国概况
练习题：
1. Ernest Hemingway is _____.
A. Englishman
B.
American C.Dutch D. Denmark
2 .John Fitzgerald Kennedy is _____ president.
A. 35th
B.
34th C.
33rd D. 32nd
3. In 1837, the first college-level institution for women , Mount Holyoke Female Seminary , opened in _____ to serve the “ Muslim sex”.
A. New England
B.
Virginia C.
Massachusetts D. New York
4. The capital of Massachusetts is _____.
A .Providence B.
Boston C.
Montpelier D. Augusta
5 ._____ is the dividing line between the South and North.
A .The Hudson River B. The Potomac River
C. The Ohio
River D. The
Missouri River
6 ._____ is Washington’s largest city.
A .Boise B.
Denver C.
Tacoma
D .Seattle
7. Washington D.C., the capital of U.S. is situated on the
_____River banks.
A .St. Lawrence B.
Hudson C.
Potomac
D. Missouri
8. When did the American Civil War break out?
A. 1775
B.
1812 C.
1861
D. 1863
9 .Who prepared the draft of the Declaration of Independence?
A .John Adams B. Thomas
Jefferson C. Benjamin Franklin D. John Hancock
10. In which day is Halloween celebrated?
A .5 November B. 31
October C .17
March D. 25 December
练习题答案及题解:
1. B,文坛巨匠海明威是美国人。
2 .A,肯尼迪是美国的第35任总统。
3. C,美国的第一所女子学院开设于马萨诸塞州。
4 .B,麻省的首府是波士顿。
5. D,美国南北的分界线是密苏里河，东西的分界线是密西西比河。
6 .D,华盛顿州的最大城市是西雅图。
7. C,华盛顿特区位于波托马克河上。
8. C,美国内战爆发于1861年，结束于1865年。
9 .B,为美国起草独立宣言的是托马斯?杰弗逊。
10 .B,万圣节前夕是10月的最后一天即10月31号。
英国概况
练习题：
1 Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors except _____.
A Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade.
B Britain had many rivers, which were useful for transport.
C British engineers had sound training and the inventors were respected.
D British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century.
2 The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The _____ has very little power.
A queen
B monarch
C prime minister
D king
3 Which party has always had strong links with the trade unions and received financial support from them?
A the Labor Party
B the Conservative Party
C the Liberal Party
D the Social Democratic Party
4 On accepting ____, the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began.
A Constitutional Law
B The Declaration of Independence
C Civil Law
D Bill of Rights
5 Females were allowed to vote in national elections until ____.
A 1918
B 1916
C 1920
D 1896
6 The British North America Act of 186
7 established ____ as a domain.
A Australia
B Canada
C New Zealand
D India
7 During World War II, as a war leader, _____ received massive
popular support and led his country to final victory in 1945.
A Harold Wilson
B Edward Heath
C Franklin Roosevelt
D Winston Churchill
8 The Falkland Islands war was between Britain and _____.
A France
B New Zealand
C Argentina
D Australia
9 In Britain, a _____ is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns.
A civic election
B by-election
C popular election
D general election
10 In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _____.
A the Lord Chancellor
B the Monarch
C the Prime Minister
D the King
练习题答案及题解:
1 D, 英国之所以能成为世界上最早开始工业化的国家,原因有很多。但英国是从17世纪以后逐步开始对海外贸易和开拓海外殖民地产生浓厚兴趣的。
2 B, 英国是君主立宪制国家，国王或女王（君主）几乎没什么实质性的权力。
3 A, 保守党和自由党是英国最早成立的两个党派。大致来说，保守党是中上层阶级的党，它得到大公司财政上的支持；而工党，主要得到工会的支持，它的支持者主要是中产阶级和知识分子。
4 D, 《权利法案》的签署，标志着英国进入了君主立宪制时代，一个君主几乎没有什么实质性权力并受制于议会的时代。
5 A, 直到1918年妇女才在全国大选中享有选举权。
6 B, 《1867年英国北美法案》将加拿大纳为它的自治领。
7 D, 在第二次世界大战中，当时的英国首相丘吉尔作为战争统帅受到了英国人民的广泛拥戴，并带领英国人民赢得了战争的最后胜利。
8 C, 福克兰群岛战役是发生在英国和阿根廷着这两个国家之间。位于大西洋南部的福克兰群岛从1892年起就是英国的海外殖民地，1982年阿根廷开始控制这些岛屿，但是英国最终打败了阿根廷，并重新占领了这些岛屿。
9 B, 英国的下院议会成员中有人去世、退休或辞职时，就要进行补缺选举。
10 C, 在英国，部长们是由首相推荐，女王加以任命的。
英国概况
练习题：
1 How many members are there in the House of Commons?
A 650
B 524
C 72
D 651
2 Which of the following people di dn’t use to be the British Prime Minister?
A Margaret Thatcher
B Winston Churchill
C Horatio Nelson
D John Major
3 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____
by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.
A Prime Minister
B Member of Parliament
C Lord of appeal
D Speaker of the House
4 The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.
A the Labour Party
B the Conservative Party
C the Liberal Party
D the Social Democratic Party
5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition.
A largest
B second largest
C third largest
D fourth largest
6 The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain’s _____ decline.
A political
B educational
C military
D economic
7 The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____.
A globalization
B nationalization
C privatization
D competition
8 Today, in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry.
A coal mining
B iron and steel
C textiles
D shipbuilding
9 The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ____ modified and improved the design in 1765. A Abraham Darby B James Watt
C John Kay
D Richard Arkwrightthe
10 _____ created the industrial working class, the proletariat,
and it later led to trade unionism.
A The Chartist Movement
B The Industrial Revolution
C The French Revolution
D The Glorious Revolution
练习题答案及题解:
1 D, 下议院共有651名议员。
2 C, 撒切尔夫人，丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相；而纳尔逊（1758-1805），英国海军统帅，因作战负伤，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令，在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队，本人受重伤阵亡，号称 Viscount Nelson。
3 A, 在英国，按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。
4 B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。
5 B, 在英国，在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党，它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁（shadow cabinet）。
6 D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。
7 C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样，20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。
8 A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点，如今的英国的煤矿业衰退，从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。
9 B, 第一台蒸汽机是 Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的，后来苏
格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高，生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中。
10 B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级，即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度。
英国概况
练习题：
1 _____ is the key to Industrial Revolution.
A Iron
B Cotton Textile
C Coal mining
D Steam engine
2 _____ became a literary current during the period of the successful Industrial Revolution.
A Criticism
B Modernism
C Romanticism
D Renaissance
3 Modern football game began in _____.
A China
B France
C England
D Germany
4 _____ is the leader of the British government.
A Prime Minister
B Queen
C President
D Governor
5 The second largest city in England, _____ , is a metropolitan district and an industrial and manufacturing city.
A Edinburgh
B Belfast
C Glasgow
D Birmingham
6 _____ introduced Christianity into Britain.
A The Celts
B The Romans
C The Viking Danes
D The French
7 The real power of the British government lies in _____.
A the House of Commons
B the cabinet headed by the Prime Minister
C the Prime Minister
D the Queen
8 In Britain, education is compulsory for children between the ages of _____ to _____.
A 5, 14
B 6, 17
C 5, 16
D 6, 14
9 The longest river in Britain is _____ , and the largest river in the USA is _____.
A the Seven River; the Missouri River
B the Thames River; the Missouri River
C the Severn River; the Mississippi
D the Thames River; the Ohio River
10 The general election in Britain is held every ____ years.
A four
B three
C six
D five
练习题答案及题解:
1 B, 纺织业的改革是英国工业革命的主要成就之一。
2 C, 工业革命时期的主要文学流派是浪漫主义。
3 C, 现代的足球运动起源于英国。其正宗的老家在英格兰，19世纪兴起。
4 A, 英国的政体是君主立宪制。国王（女王）是国家元首，但政府的首领为首相。
5 D, 英国的第二大城市伯明翰位于英格兰中部平原，是国际化大都市，
也是英国的工业和制造业中心。
6 B, 公元43年，罗马人占领英国，其后统治了400多年。基督徒就是在这一时期由罗马人传入英国的。
7 B, 君主立宪制下，国王的作用更侧重于其象征意义，而实权为内阁所有，内阁由首相率领。
8 C, 英国的教育体系中的义务教育阶段是5-16岁，这是每一位学生在学校学习的最低年限。
9 C, 英国最长的河是塞文河，全长355公里，美国最长的河是密西西比河，长4000公里左右。
10 D, 英国大选每5年举行一次。
英国概况
1.Which of the following tribes first came to Britain?
A Roman
B Anglo-Saxons
C Jutes
D Celts
2.The Hundred Years’ War between Britain and France was fought ____.
A from 1327 to 1453
B from 1337 to 1453
C from 1347 to 1453 C from 1357 to 1453
3.The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year ____
A 1918
B 1920
C 1945
D 1949
4.The English Civil War is also called ____
A the Puritan Revolution
B the second Magna Carta
C the Long Parliament
D the Anglican War
5.Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the ____ and the North Sea in the east,
A east
B south
C west
D north
6.The largest lake in Britain is ____.
A. Loch Lomond B the Lough Neagh C Windermere D Ullswater
7.Where do the majority of people in Scotland live? Bz
A In the Highlands
B In the central Lowlands
C In the Uplands
D In the west of Scotland Bzv
8.In Britain only about ____ of the population are farmers but they manage 70% of the land area.
A 2%
B 3%
C 4%
D 5%
9.The two important crops in Britain are ____
A barley and corn
B wheat and rice
C barley and oats
D wheat and barley
10.In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 ____
A can legally receive partly free education
B can legally receive completely free education
C can not receive free education at all
D can not receive free education if their parents are rich
答案 Bzv中国英语学习网
1.D 凯尔特在公元前700年到英国，罗马人在公元1到5世纪统治英国，5世纪中期盎格鲁撒克逊人侵占英国，因此凯尔特人是最早踏入英国的。
2.B 英法百年战争爆发于1337年到1453年间，中间还发生了黑死病。
3.D 爱尔兰共和国在1949年独立。
4.A 英国内战于1642年到1646年间发生，国王查尔斯与议会发生争执，实际上是国王与清教徒之间的矛盾引起的，结果议会胜利。
5.B 英国南面与法国隔着英吉利海峡。
6.B 英国最大的湖是内伊湖，最长的河流是塞文河。
7.B 苏格兰中低部适合人类生存，是苏格兰工业和人高度集中的地区。
8.A 由于英国农作业时的高度机械化，只需利用全国2%的人口来耕作大面积农地。
9.D 小麦和大麦是英国最重要的庄稼。
10.B 英国的义务教育是从5岁到16岁，所以期间的教育全部免费。
练习题：
1 Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper?
A The Telegraph
B The Guardian
C The News of the World
D The Times
2 The river Thames is in _____.
A Wales
B Scotland
C England
D Northern Ireland
3 The Industrial Revolution started in _____.
A the Great Britain
B the United States
C Canada
D Austrilia
4 Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration?
A The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.
B Public housing became more important.
C Many public houses were sold to people.
D The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangement.
5 Britain has its nuclear naval force since _____.
A it’s one of the developed countries in the world
B it’s a traditional sea power
C it has an advanced industry
D it’s able to produc e submarines
6 Which of the following is the oldest national Sunday newspaper in Britain?
A The Times
B The Guardian
C The Observer
D The Financial Times
7 Big Ben was named after _____.
A Christopher Wren
B Benjamin Hall
C Ben John
D G. Stephenson
8 The Capital of Wales is _____.
A Swansea
B Cardiff
C Rhonda
D Belfast
9 _____ is England’s biggest naval base.
A Portsmouth
B Southampton
C Plymouth
D Dover
10 There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and _____.
A the Liberal Party
B the Democratic Party
C the Labour Party
D the Republican Party
练习题答案及题解:
1 D, 英国历史上最悠久的日报是《泰晤士报》。
英语专业考研方向及就业形势分析
英语专业研究生11大热门研究方向，就业形势分析 考研热门专业一样，英语专业研究生招生的研究方向设置非常细，不同学校的方向设置类别不一，名称也各异。 比如上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业下设有语言方向、文学方向、教学法方向、翻译学方向、口译学方向、英语国家文化方向、跨文化交际方向7个方向。而同样是外语类专业院校，北京外国语大学该专业设置的研究方向明显不同，广东外语外贸大学该专业设置的8个研究方向更与前两所学校无一相同。 在这种情况下，不少备考英语专业的同学对“如何选择研究方向”这样的问题一头雾水，也就不足为怪了。所以，跨考网的老师为大家就英语专业的研究方向做一个归纳和总结。 就英语专业考研而言，外国语言文学下设置的二级学科很多，包括英语语言文学、俄语语言文学、法语语言文学、德语语言文学、日语语言文学、印度语言文学、阿拉伯语语言文学、欧洲语言文学、亚非语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学11个学科。其中，涉及英语专业的二级学科主要有3个：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学。一般院校的英语专业多设置英语语言文学和外国语言学及应用语言学两个专业，所以，英语专业考研的专业设置其实比较简单，一般就是两大专业。不过，这两个专业被不同学校细化研究方向以后，就变得复杂了。如前面说到的上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业下设有7 个方向，这7个方向进一步细分，小的研究方向达37个之多。 英语专业的研究方向虽名目众多，却也并非杂乱无章，其设置仍是遵循一定规律的。粗略分析，这些研究方向可分为传统研究方向和新兴研究方向两大类。 传统研究方向 传统研究方向，顾名思义，指的是设置多年的老牌研究方向，这些研究方向一般学校都有开设。 1.文学方向 开设学校：全国绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的学校。据2007年的招生统计，仅有17所招收英语专业研究生的学校没有开设文学方向。 研究内容：主要研究英美文学研究领域中的重大问题，目的在于提高文学素养、理论水平和研究能力。 就业方向：此方向开设学校多，招生人数较多，就业范围非常广泛，一般为教师、研究人员。 所学课程：西方文论、美国经典文学、美国现当代文学、英国经典文学、文学批评、英国文学选读、美国文学选读、17～19世纪英国文学研究、希腊戏剧研究、英国长篇小说选读、美国长篇小说选读、英国诗歌选读、美国诗歌选读、英美散文鉴赏、王尔德戏剧欣赏、英国短篇小说欣赏、美国短篇小说鉴赏、英美戏剧鉴赏、中国文学史、中国古典文学选读等。 2.语言学 开设学校：全国绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的学校。据2007年的招生统计，仅有9所招收英语专业研究生的学校没有开设语言学方向。 研究内容：语言学是我国高校近年来普遍设置的一个综合性的语言研究学科。主要学习语言学理论及语言在各种学科中的应用，不同学校侧重点有所不同。 通过大量阅读有关文献、论文和最新的研究成果报告，使学生对于语言学的形成和发展有进一步的了解，并了解现代语言学的最新动向和最新发展。语言学特别强调和重视研究生的广泛阅读，包括专业的外语期刊和近几年的语言学相关论文。 就业方向：该专业理论性较强，主要面向大中专教师及研究人员。 所学课程：语言学概论、语用学与话语分析、应用语言学、现代语法学、语义学、语用学、英语语体学与文体学、语篇分析等。
英语考研英美概况模拟题
Political System 1. The British Monarchy is hereditary 2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the __17th __ century. 3. The __ Crown _ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people. 4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _ the House of Lords ___. 5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is __ the Cabinet __. 6. The life of Parliament is fixed at ___ five _ years. 7. The House of Commons consists of _651___ members who are elected from the _651____ electoral districts. 8. The titles of the lords, such as Duke, Marquis, Earl, V iscount and Baron, are __ hereditary __. 9. The quorum in the House of Commons is ___ forty _ members. 10. The _ British government _ _____ is the supreme administrative institution. 11. The __ Cabinet is the core of leadership of the British government. 12. The Privy Council was established in the 15th century when __ Henry V __ was on the throne. 13. Not until ___1937 _ could the cabinet have a legal basis. 14. The number of the cabinet members varies, being generally about ___20 __. 15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is __ Lord Chancellor __. 16. ___ The Labour Party _ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900. 17. It is the _ Prime Minister __ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings. 18. The Shadow Cabinet is organized by the _ Opposition ___. 19. London, because of its special location, is divided into _32____ boroughs and the city of London. 20. “The Morning Star” is the official paper of the ___ Communist Party __. 21. The following persons except ___ criminals _ have no right to vote. 22. In England and Wales, the jury consists of ___ twelve _ people in criminal and civil cases. 23. Legally any citizen aged from ___18__ to __65___ who has never been sent to prison can be a member of the jury. 24. The head of the police force of a county, etc. is called _ Chief Constable __. 25. A __ barrister ___ appointed to act for the State is called Queen’s Counsel. 26. Now the House of Lords can prevent a bill from passing into a law for __ one year _. 27. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except _ the Criminal Division _. 28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as _ Loyalists _. I. Fill in the Blanks 1. The present sovereign is __ Queen Elizabeth II ___ _____. 2. Elizabeth II came to the throne on Feb. 6th, _ 1952 3. The vital power lies in the ___ Prime Minister __ _____, and his/her cabinet. 4. The __ Crown ___ is the only legal and constitutional link binding the members of the Commonwealth to the home country and to one another. 5. The British Parliament consists of three elements – the _ Crown ____, the House of __ Lords ___, and the House of _ Commons ____. 6. The British legislature is _ Parliament ____.
英美概况试卷
学院 专业班级 学 号 姓 名 教室 号 座位 号 . ———— 装 —————订 — ————线——————外——————不——————要——————答 — ———— 题 — ——— ( 第 1 页， 共6 页 ) 页 ) ( 第 2 页， 共 6 页 ) 湖南涉外经济学院2016-2017学年度第 一 学期期末课程 《英语国家概况》考察试卷 专业年级： 2014级商英本科 考核方式：闭卷 考试时量：90分钟 试卷类型： 题 号 一 合计 复核人 应得分 100 实得分 得分 评卷人 复核人 I.You are required to interpret the following terms.（10X5′） One Standard English Two Magna Carta Three The Reformation Four The Seperation of Three Powers Five Thatcherism Six Critical Realism Eight Thanksgiving Day Nine the Lost Generation Ten Industial Revolution II You are required to answer the following questions.(5X10) 1. How does the english language develops into a universal lingua franca? 2. What is the British Empire? 3. What do we know about the Renaissance? 4. Why is American regarded as a “nation of immigrants ”? 5. What is your understanding of “checks and balance ”?
英美文学知识点总结(适用于英语专八)
Old English Literature 古英语文学 （450-1066年） Beowulf （贝奥武甫）---The first English national epic 中世纪英语文学（1066-1500） Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟，c. 1343–1400) was an English poet. He is remembered for his The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》, called the father of English litera ture―英国文学之父‖William Langland (朗格兰，1330?-1400?),the author of the 14th-century English long narrative poem Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》. 文艺复兴（16-17世纪） William Shakespeare (莎士比亚，1564-1616), English poet and playwright, his surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis 《维拉斯和阿多尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece.《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 Shakespeare‘s greatest works: greatest tragedies are King Lear 《李尔王》,Macbeth《麦克白》,Hamlet《哈姆雷特》, Othello 《奥赛罗》,Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 grea t comedies: A Midsumme r Night‘s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》,As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》,The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》, Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》 great historical plays: Richard III 《理查三世》,Henry IV 《亨利四世》, Henry V 《亨利五世》, Henry VII 《亨利八世》 John Milton (弥尔顿, 1608-1674)was an English poet and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost《失乐园》, Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson 《力士参孙》. 18世纪文学和新古典主义 Alexander Pope (浦柏,1688-1744 ) is generally regarded as the greatest English poet of the eighteenth century, best known for his satirical epigram 讽刺隽语and heroic couplet英雄双韵体.His major works include mock epic satirical poem An Essay on Man 《人论》and An Essay on Criticism 《论批评》 Daniel Defoe ( 笛福，1660—1731)was an English writer who gained enduring fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》, spokesman for middle-class people Henry Fielding (菲尔丁, 1707 ---1754) ，an English novelist known for his novel:The History of Tom Jones. Jonathan Swift (斯威夫特,1667-1745), was an Anglo-Irish novelist, satirist. He is remembered for novel such as Gulliver‘s Travels《格列佛游记》. Richard Sheridan ( 谢立丹，1751—1816), Irish playwright ,known for his satirical play School of Scandal(造谣学校). He was a represntative writer of Comedies of Manners. Laurence Sterne (斯特恩,1713—1768 ), an English novelist. He is best known for his novel Tristram Shandy （《商第传》）. Oliver Goldsmith （哥尔德斯密斯，1728-1774）English novelist, known for his novel Vicar of Wakefield (《威克菲尔德牧师传记》) Thomas Gray (托马斯?格雷1716—1771 )，an English poet, author of Elegy Written in a
英美概况教学课程总结
英美概况教学课程总结 本学期我担任了０９应用英语和商务英语班的英美概况教学任务，在紧张和忙碌的教学工作中，一个学期转眼即逝，现在将本学期的教学工作大致总结如下。 1.本学期我担任的英美概况虽然不是新课，但我并没有因此马虎。课前 认真备课，钻研教材，教学中能总结去年的经验，根据学生具体情况 和需求力求在教学内容和方法上有所改进和突破。 2.认真使用电子教室，探索计算机辅助教学模式。本学期我任教的2 个班都使用电子教室。我课前认真备课，花了大量时间设计制作幻灯 片。每堂课严格按照学校的要求进行。电子教室的使用加大了课堂教 学容量和密度，提高了教学效率。根据教学内容介绍了英美国家的历 史、地理、政治、文化、教育、风情习俗和有关文学常识，帮助学生 对英语国家有一个很好的了解。 3.为了检测学生的掌握程度，经常会布置一些作业留给学生思考，而且 在课堂上也强调学生的主动参与，发表对某一历史事实的看法，强化 学生的理解与记忆。 4.同时为了提高自己的能力，我多次向其他老师学习观摩，进行听课。 听课的主要对象是双高老师和教学经验丰富的老师课。听了这些老师 的课，我的收获很大，逐步掌握了一些驾驭课堂的技巧。听完课之后， 把老教师上课时讲到的记在听课记录上，然后对我自己的备课教案进 行修改，将老教师很多优点和长处应用到我的课堂教学当中去，让我 的课堂组织能力得到了很大的提高。除了听课之外，平时我也经常向 其他老师请教教学上的问题。这些老师都非常热情的帮我解答，使我 获益匪浅。从中我也明白了，知识和经验不会自己从天上掉下来，必 须发扬勤学好问的精神，把自己当成学生一样，积极吸取周围其他老 师一切先进的东西，才能提高自己的水平。 努力方向：今后应加强理论学习和实践交流，力求在教学方法上有所突破。探索计算机网络辅助教学模式。 2010年12月29日
专四英美概况模拟试题
4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .在美国20世纪20年代，被描述为一个物质和精神沮丧的成功 7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”，we are referring to . 当我们说“水”或“老人河之父”，我们指的是密西西比河
8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from . 凯尔特人是不同群体的古代人来自德国 13. The ， the backbone of the North American continent， is also known as the Continental Divide.落基山脉，北美大陆的脊梁，也被称为大陆分水岭。
14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty，the British government allowed the company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people. 为了帮助不列颠东印度公司摆脱困境，英国政府允许公司以较低的价格向殖民地通过自己的人卖茶 21. The first Puritans came to America were on the ship_______. A. Codpeed B. Susan Constant C. May Flower 五月花 D. Discovery
英美概况考试试题集
英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694
英语专八英美文学常识汇总
英语专八英美文学常识汇总
3专八人文知识:英国地理概况 the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france and connects the atlantic ocean and north sea. 英吉利海峡：英吉利海峡是一道狭长的海峡，分割英法两国，连接大西洋和北海。 the dee estuary: a small sea ( in irish sea) where the dee river enters. 迪河河口：是迪河流入的一个小海。 "the act of union of 1801": in 1801 the english parliament passed an act by which scotland, wales and the kingdom of england were constitutionally joined as the kingdom of great britain. 1801合并法：1801年英国议会通过法令，规定英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士根据宪法合并成为大不列颠王国。 gaelic: it is one of the celtic language, and is spoken in parts of the highlands. 盖尔语：是盖尔特语言的一种，在高地地区仍有人说这种语言。 the "backbone of england": it refers to the pennies, the board ridge of hills.
英语专八人文知识考试总结
英语专八人文知识考试总结 1 专八考试人文知识考试内容总结 其中英美文学包括英国文学和美国文学。英国文学主要分为六个时期： 1. Old and Medieval English Literature（中古英国文学）。 2. The Renaissance Period（文艺复兴时期）。 3. The Neoclassical Period（新古典主义时期）。 4. The Romantic Period（维多利亚时期）。 5. The Victorian Period（维多利亚时期）。 6. The Modern Period（现代时期）。 美国文学主要分为四个时期： 1. The Literature Around the Revolution of Independence（独立革命前后的文学）。 2. American Romanticism（美国浪漫主义文学）。 3. American Realism（美国现实主义文学）。 4. American Modernism（美国现代主义文学）。 语言学，考生不光要知道语言的本质还要掌握语音学，音位学，形态学，句法学，语义学和语言学的知识。 关于英语国家概况，英语专业的学生都会开设英美概况这门课程，但是专八考试的中需要考生了解的是英语国家概况，不光包括英国和美国，还有其他一些说英语的地区，包括爱尔兰概况，加拿大概况，澳大利亚概况和新西兰概况。 3专八人文知识:英国地理概况 the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france
英美概况美国部分整理
America The Founding of Colonies殖民地的建立 First Inhabitants：American Indians Discovery of the New World： 1492 Christopher Columbus →the discoverer of America (Italian)Spanish Queen’ s support 1501-2 Amerigo Vespucci →the new land was name after him as America. reached the mouth of Amazon River America—the New World Europe—the Old World 13 colonies： New England Colonies: Mid Atlantic Colonies: Southern Colonies: Massachusetts →（2nd colony，1620）New York Maryland New Hampshire Pennsylvania Virginia →（1st colony，1607）Rhode Island Delaware North Carolina Connecticut South Carolina Georgia →（the last colony，1733）New England Region（6个）: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont 建立原因： Virginia, 1607 Virginia Company For foreign expansion as a way of easing religious dispute and economic distress in England 105 men (no women) Jamestown in honor of the king Massachusetts In 1620 102 Puritans (“Pilgrim Fathers”), in Mayflower, from Plymouth in England to America First in Plymouth (today’s Massachusetts); and then Boston Seek religious freedom Mayflower Compact <五月花号公约>：self-government Hardships when arrived the help of the Indians Thanksgiving Day to thank the Indians and the God for protection The next three colonies Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire Reasons: 1. religious disputes and struggles in Massachusetts intensified 2. more immigrants
英美概况模拟试题
《英语国家社会与文化入门》模拟试题及参考答案 Part one Fill in the blanks ( 10 points ) 1.The full name of the United Kingdom is . 2.The Good Friday Agreement, known also as , emerged on 10 April 1998. 3., the ancestor of the present queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829. 4.written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and college students today. 5.The Bonfire Night, which is celebrated in November, sometimes is also called . 6.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of . 7.The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, and Jewish. 8.In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled , which intensified the political debate on slavery. 9.1968 was known in US history as a violent and tragic year in which the great leader of The Civil Rights Movement: was assassinated. 10.The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the River. Part two Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points ) 1.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called . a. Progressivism b. laissez faire c. New Freedom d. New Deal 2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 1941. a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incident c. the Japanese attack on China d. the German attack on Poland 3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as . a. Lord Protector b. Lieutenant General c. Commander of the New Model Army d. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain. a. east b. south c. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to . a. the mainstream Americans b. Hispanics c. Asian-Americans d. Blacks 6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution formally ended . a. the immigration movement b. the Civil War
专八英美文学总结
英国文学 一、古英语时期的英国文学（499-1066） 1、贝奥武夫 2、阿尔弗雷德大帝：英国散文之父 二、中古英语时期的英国文学 1、allegory体非常盛行 2、Romance开始上升到一定的高度 3、高文爵士和绿衣骑士 4、Willian Langlaud 《农夫皮尔斯的幻象》 5、乔叟坎特伯雷故事集（英雄双韵体） 6、托马斯.马洛礼《亚瑟王之死》 三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学（伊丽莎白时代）（14-16世纪） 1、托马斯.莫尔《乌托邦》 2、Thomas Wyatt 和Henry Howard引入sonnet 3、Philips Sidney 《The defense of Poesie》 《阿卡迪亚》描述田园生活；现代长篇小说的先驱 4、斯宾塞《仙后》诗人中的诗人；斯宾塞体诗节； 5、莎士比亚： 长篇叙事诗：《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》、《露克丝受辱记》 四大悲剧：哈姆雷特、李尔王、奥赛罗、麦克白 7、本.琼森风俗喜剧（comedy of manners）《人性互异》 8、约翰.多恩“玄学派”诗歌创始人
9、George Herbert 玄学派诗圣 10、弗朗西斯.培根现代科学和唯物主义哲学创始人之一 《Essays》英国发展史上的里程碑 《学术的推进》和《新工具》 四、启蒙时期（18世纪） 1、约翰、弥尔顿：《失乐园》、《为英国人民争辩》 2、约翰、班扬：《天路历程》religious allegory 3、约翰、德莱顿：英国新古典主义的杰出代表、桂冠诗人； 《论戏剧诗》 4、亚历山大.蒲柏：英国新古典主义诗歌的重要代表；英雄双韵体的使用达到登峰造极的使用；《田园组诗》是其最早田园诗歌代表作 5、托马斯、格雷：感伤主义中墓园诗派的代表人物《墓园挽歌》 6、威廉、布莱克：天真之歌、经验之歌； 7、罗伯特、彭斯：苏格兰最杰出的农民诗人； 8、Richard Steel和Joseph Addison合作创办《The tatler》和《the spectator》 9、Samuel defoe 英国现实主义小说的奠基人之一；《鲁滨逊漂流记》；《铲除非国教徒的捷径》，仪表达自己的不满； 10、Jonathan Swift 《一个小小的建议》；《格列佛游记》；《桶的故事》； 11、Samuel Richardson 英国现代小说的创始人；帕米拉；克拉丽莎；查尔斯.格蓝迪森爵士的历史； 12、Henry Fielding 英国现实主义小说理论的奠基人；《约瑟夫。安德鲁》；《汤姆.琼斯》，英国现实主义小说的最高成就； 13、劳伦斯、斯特恩：感伤主义小说的杰出代表，《项狄传》，第一部开创了意识流小说的先驱之作品；《感伤的旅行》
英语专八考试心得
英语专八考试心得 13年专八成绩出来了，我是险过，虽然分数不高，取得这样的成绩，我还是很高兴的。希望通过我的事例，可以鼓舞在备考专八的童鞋们。 首先是心态。不能被这个考试的名号压倒，整天的失眠啊，自卑啊等等，要时刻保持乐观的心态。，就是想让大家明白心态的重要性。不论遇到什么事情，都要摆平心态的面对。 其次就是计划。有个好的心态很重要，这是工作的前提。备考的时候要做好计划。如果你程度好，那可以随性来，如果觉得自己的实力还欠佳，那就好好的给自己做个计划吧，之后就是严格按照计划来。这个计划一定是基于对自己的了解来定制的。 1，单词。我并没有买什么专八的词汇书。，因此为了扩大词汇量，自己就开始背书了。背书的过程是极痛苦有享受的，最后的效果还是有的，不过这个方法通过自己的实践有点耗时间。我咨询过很多前辈，他们背单词的方法就是通过阅读，我自己也尝试了这个方法，的确有效果，可是我要说的是，这样的方法是给英语基础比较好的人。我自认为自己的英语底子特别薄。这种背书的笨方法，觉得比较适合自己。尤其是长期的背诵，这种进步的体会特别的强烈。建议大家自己按照自己的水平制定方法去学习。 2，听力。针对专八的特殊题型，也是要好好的提高下的。通过分析专八听力的类型，我选择的听力题材是voa，bbc。比如自己的词汇不够，就好好的扩充词汇就可以的。或者说自己那部分的词汇量不足，就针对的提高相应的词汇，比如经济类，政治类等。总之要好好的分析自己，尤其是建议第二次考生的同学们，最好准备，不能像第一次考试那么的感性，这样提高速度不快的。听力，我的感觉就是要提前去练习，这种能力是靠积累的。建议从暑假就开始练习。每天坚持听一篇，将这一篇听的滚瓜烂熟，争取可以跟着默读下来，或者听写下来。这样如果你肯坚持，一个月之后，你的能力水平决对超乎你的想象的。这点我比较遗憾，我坚持了，可是没有一个月吧，因为其他事情特别多，就暂停了，这样感觉就不好。进步速度不快。虽然之后又接着听，可是没有严格坚持来的效果更好些。建议，备考的同学们，如果你们的时间充裕，一定要好好的利用时间学习，之后工作了，或着读研了，时间都是比较的忙的。 3，阅读。不知道同学们有没有这种感觉，每天练习专八的阅读真题或模拟题，练习的很多，可是就是提高的不快。我的这种感觉特别的强烈。 4，翻译。翻译我觉得更加是个积累了，推荐张培基的汉英散文翻译。还要就是散文翻译108篇。人文知识，我是靠自己练的。人文知识篇 这部分要说好拿分也还挺好拿，说不好拿分也不好拿，所以大家一定要全面复习。 英美文学，英美概况，还有语言学，其中概况里还包括一点加拿大、澳大利亚等方面的知识。这三大块儿也基本上是专八必考的，所以大家复习要仔细，记忆的东西会多一点，但是没办法，多重复就是王道，背他个7遍以上就差不多了。 关于英美概括和英美文学，专八的复习资料或者参考书的作者把知识都总结好了，需要的就是同学们自己下功夫背。有的同学说太多了，那你就把全部内容分成几大块儿来背，（一般是按照时间顺序分的）一天背一点，最后多重复几遍就行了。 5. 作文，建议一定总结出模版，尤其是首段和末段。在总结过程中，自己可以做个转化。比如将单句变为复杂句，将简单词汇转变为高级词汇。专八的作文其实就是议论文，这样的文章有规律可寻的。作文字迹工整，尽量不涂抹。用词高级些，别总用every coin has two sides, the most important is……什么的，这些句子用得实在太多了，没新意，也没水平。作文是至关重要的，也许是最后过与不过的分界线。如果作文写得不错，差那么一两分的话，我估计老师会给过的。