高中英语语法专题：时态语态

高中英语语法专题：动词时态（预习材料）

单选题：

1.—When back? —I came back just now.

A.did you come

B.have you come

C.will you come

D.are you going to come

2..—Did you see Xiao Li at the party?

—No.__________by the time I arrived.

A.She'd left

B.She's left

C.She was left

D.She must leave

3.My brother ________while he __________his bike and hurt himself.

A.fell ; was riding

B.fell; were riding

C.had fallen; rode

D.had fallen;was riding

4.—Do you know our town at all?

—No, this is the first time I here.

A.was

B.have been

C.came

D.am coming

5.We will go and plant trees if it tomorrow.

A.won't rain

B.doesn't rain

C.didn't rain

D.wouldn't rain

6.You should finish the work before he here.

A.left

B.leaves

C.is leaving

D.will leave

7.Don't hand in your papers until class .

A.is over

B.was over

C.are over

D.will be over

8.My uncle to see us. He'll be here soon.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7d8118608.html,es

B.has come

C.will come

D.had come

9..Mike was disappointed that tickets when he to the cinema.

A.had sold out;had got

B.had sold out; got

C.had been sold out;got

D.had been sold out;had got

10.In the past ten years , there great changes in our family life.

A.had been

B.are

C.have been

D.were

11.On Sunday afternoon, Mrs .Green went to the market, some bananas, and visited her cousin.

A.bought B .buying C.to buy D.buy

12.The students busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she in the office.

A.had written;left

B.were writing; has left

C.had written; had left

D.were writing; had left

13.—We haven't heard from Jane for a long time.

—What do you suppose to her?

A.was happening

B.to happen

C.has happened

D.having happened

14.—When again?—When he , I'll let you know.

A.he comes; come

B.will he come; will come

C.he comes ;will come

D.will he come; comes

15.Two years have passed since I you the first time.

A.meet

B.have met

C.met

D.had met

16.I think I that tall man before.

A.met

B.have met

C.have been met

D.had met

17.The plane is on the point of taking off.=The plane .

A.is about to taking off

B.is going to taking off

C.is about to take off

D.shall take off

18. Tom said the train ________in half an hour.

A.arrives

B.will arrive

C.would arrive

D.has arrived

19.By the time the boy was five, he______three languages.

A.learned

B.had learned

C.was learning

D.would learn

20.When the headteacher entered the classroom,all the students ______the new word and expressions.

A.read

B.were reading

C.reading

D.have

高中英语语法专题：动词时态

动词时态、语态汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。

1、一般现在时

主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。

He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every mo rning.

She has a brother who lives in New York.

The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.

考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。

如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.

考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day;

条件：if, unless, provided.

If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.

考点三：在the more…the more …(越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。The harder you study, the better results you will get.

2、现在进行时

表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。

We are having English class. The house is being built these days.

The little boy is always making trouble.

考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。

Look out when you are crossing the street.

Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.

考点二表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。

Marry is leaving on Friday.

3、现在完成时

表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：

考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点

They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995.

I have learned English for ten years.

考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ?

考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。

in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等

考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that”后面跟现在完成时。This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.

That is the only book that he has written.

4．一般过去时

表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意：

They stayed in the village for nearly three years.

Sorry,I didn’t notice there was a car behind the wall.

考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于

He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early.

考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。

He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise

5. 过去进行时

表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。

The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.

What were you doing at nine last night?

The radio was being repaired when you called me.

6. 过去完成时

表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till )

There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000. By the end of last term we had finished the book.

They finished earlier than we had expected.

考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。

I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.

I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow. No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang.

考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。

That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.

考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时表示未实现的愿望、打算意图。

I had hoped that I could do the job. I had intended to see you but I was too busy.

7.过去将来时

一般过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。一般过去将来时的出发点是过去，即从过去某一时刻看以后要发生的动作或状态。

They asked me if I would go to Guangzhousoon. She told me she would come again nextweek.

8. 一般将来时

表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.

考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：

We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.

考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。

I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.

考点三：“祈使句+ and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。Use your head and you will find a way.

考点四：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。

“am (is, are) about to +动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行动作。

“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。

They are to be married in this May.

9、将来进行时

表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。

I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow.

The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.

10、将来完成时

表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。

考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。

By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.

By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.

By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.

考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。

The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.

10.现在完成进行时

1.概述：现在完成进行时表示到现在为止一直进行的动作，这个动作可能仍在进行，也可能停止了。

-Hi, Tracy, you look tired. -I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.

2、构成

现在完成进行时由“助动词have/has +been+ v-ing”构成；

The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.

I have been telling him to study hard.我一直告诉他学习要更加刻苦才是。

3、现在完成进行时的用法

（1）表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时候刚结束。

I have been waiting you for about one hour.我等你大约一个小时了

She has been working all night long.

（2）表示从过去某时开始的动作一直延续到说话时还在继续进行,并有可能延续下去的动作。常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。

They have been living here for 10 years. It has been raining for 3 days.

（3）表示一个过去的动作对现在的影响或造成的结果（相当于现在完成时）

She has been doing too much work.他做的工作太多了。（Now he is tired out.）

Who’s been insulting you?谁欺负你了？（对方可能在哭）

（4）表示重复（只断断续续，而非一直不停）

We’ve been discussing the matter several times this year.

I have been saying goodbye to some friends today.

动词时态巩固练习

一、单项选择

动词的时态和语态

1. Since the beginning of the vacation, I__________across the country, and my next stop is the Wuyi Mountains.

A. had travelled

B. will travel

C. have been travelling

D. was travelling

2. The scientists predict that if present trends__________ , women in 400 years will be 2cm shorter and have healthier hearts.

A.will continue

B.continue

C.are continued

D.will be continued

3. I_________on my report next week so I won’t be able to meet you any day.

A.am working

B.will be working

C.was working

D.have been working

4. The government announced that six highways__________by the end of last year.

A.built

B.had built

C.have been built

D.had been built

5. —Have you ever ridden a horse?

—No, but I ________ a camel when I visited Egypt last year.

A.was riding

B.have ridden

C.rode

D.ride

6. This tree _________ really fast. Last year it was only half this size.

A.was growing

B.has grown

C.has been grown

D.grew

7. Mr White works as a journalist now, but he___ in a high school for several years.

A. has taught

B. had taught

C. taught

D. was teaching

8. —Isn’t it a surprise that I happened to meet Emily at Doris’ birthday party last weekend?

—If my memory serves me correctly, you _____ each other for exactly three years.

A.hadn’t seen

B.haven’t seen

C.didn’t see

D.don’t see

9. —Is there any better way to help my son get rid of the habit of playing computer games?

—To tell you the truth, it’s very hard. But we ________ on this problem to improve the situation.

A.were working

B.had worked

C.are working

D.had been working

10. —Why did you leave the water running?

—Heavens! I guess I ________ to turn it off.

A.forgot

B.have forgotten

C.will forget

D.had forgotten

11. He got “Jay Chou Ⅱ”after the singing competition and the name _______ ever since.

A. was used

B. is used

C. had been used

D. has been used

12. —You didn’t answer me when I phoned you last night.

—Oh, I ________ off a friend from England at the airport.

A. saw

B. had seen

C. was seeing

D. have seen

13. Tom’s family ________ their holiday in Hawaii this time next week.

A. are enjoying

B. are to enjoy

C. will enjoy

D. will be enjoying

14. Fortunately, the little girl ________ the air crash, but unluckily, the others on the flight were killed.

A. was survived

B. has been survived

C. was surviving

D. survived

15. Mr Zhang has retired already. He ________ in our school for over thirty years.

A. has worked

B. had worked

C. worked

D. was working

16. —Look at these black clouds. It _________ soon.

—Sure. If only we _________ out.

A. is raining; didn’t come

B. is to rain; won’t start

C. will rain; haven’t started

D. is going to rain; hadn’t come

17. Mary ________ control of herself while she about the traffic accident.

A. was losing; was asking

B. lost; was being asked

C. has lost; was asked

D. had lost; asked

18. The manager as well as the staff ________ chatting cheerfully during the tea break when the boss came in.

A. were

B. have been

C. was

D. has been

19. Don’t take his words too seriously. He was so angry that I don t think he really knew what _________.

A. he said

B. he was saying

C. he used to say

D. he says

20. Our game of basketball _________. We had been playing for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily.

A. has interrupted

B. had interrupted

C. was interrupted

D. had been interrupted

21. —Would you like to go and see the film with me this evening?

—I’m sorry, I can’t because I ________ my homework.

A. does

B. did

C. am doing

D. has done

22. —Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.

—Oh, nothing much. In fact, I ________ of my friends back home.

A. have just thought

B. was just thinking

C. would just think

D. will just be thinking

23. —Look at the picture! It shows the panda Tai Shan’s happy life in the USA.

—Really? Who _________ it?

A. took

B. was taking

C. had taken

D. has taken

24. I ________ a training course in Hangzhou to study English in the coming summer vacation.

A. will have taken

B. have taken

C. will be taking

D. take

25. —Has your former classmate come back from America?

—Yes, he ________ there for eight years.

A. has stayed

B. stays

C. stayed

D. had stayed

二、填空

A 用所给动词的恰当时态形式填空

1. My brother ________ while he _______his bicycle. ( fall, ride )

2. The match will be put off if it ________ tomorrow. ( rain )

3. According to the time table, the plane _____off at 10.a.m. (take)

4. –It is a long time since we met last time.

-- I ________in England for one year. (study)

5. This time next week she ________in that company. (work)

6. It is expected that the bridge __________ by next month.(complete)

7. There __________a lot of changes in the last 10 years. (be )

8. It is the third time you ___________late this week. ( arrive)

9. By the time he was 12, Edison ________to make a living by himself. (begin)

10.---Oh, it’s you! I ____________you . (not , recognize)

11. You know, I ______ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.

12. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year.

13. The little boy is dirty all over because he ______ (play) in the mud all the morning.

14. I ________ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon.

15. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night.

B 用动词write的恰当时态形式填空

1. He often _________ letters to his parents.

2. He ________letters to his parents now.

3. He_________ two letters to his parents since he came here.

4. He____________ a letter to his parents all this morning.

5. He ________ a letter to his parents two days ago.

6. He_________ a letter to his parents when she came in.

7. He_________ ten letters to his parents by the end of last week..

8. He_______ a letter to his parents tonight.

9. He________ a letter to his parents at seven o’clock this evening.

10. He ______twelve letters to his parents by the time he leaves for Africa.

11. He said he _______ a letter to his parents the next week.

12. He said he ___________ a letter the whole morning

高中英语语法(时态和语态)

高中英语语法(时态和语态) 一．动词的时态 时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。 (一）一般现在时（do / does） 1．具体用法 1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作 We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助。 He goes to school every day. 2)表示现在的特征或状态 He is very happy. Do you sing? ----A little. 3)表示普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。 Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语。 * 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day, every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends等等。 I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影。 He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早。 （二）一般过去时( did ) （1）表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如： We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film. （2）表示过去习惯性动作。例如： He always went to class last. I used to do my homework in the library. （三）一般将来时( will / shall do) 1）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如： I shall graduate next year. 2）一般将来时有时可以表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。如 Crops will die without water. You won’t succeed with out their support. 3) 几种替代形式： *be going to +v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如： I'm going to buy a house when we've saved enough money. *be to +v表示计划安排要做的事，具有"必要"的强制性意义。例如： I am to play tennis this afternoon. *be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如： He was about to start. *be due to +v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例如： The train is due to depart in ten minutes. 5）少数动词如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等的一般现在时可用来表示将来的动作。（多用来表示按计划事先安排好即将发生的动作，句中通常还有一个表示将来的时间状语）。例如： The meeting begins at seven.

高中英语语法练习八：动词时态和语态

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第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? 2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3)句型: It is time for sb. to do sth"到……时间了""该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了""早该……了" It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。 would had rather sb. did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事' I'd rather you came tomorrow. 4 wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建

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We go home every other week. 3.他每天早上5：30起床，晚上10：00上床睡觉。 He get s up at 5：30 every morning and go to bed at 10：00 every night. 4.作业每天都做。（用被动语态） Homework is done everyday. 5.我们家附近有一家医院，这对我们很必要。There is a hospital nearby which is necessary for us. 6.我的航班于上午10点钟起飞。 My flight take s off at 10:00 AM. 7.如果你尽力的话你会成功的。 You’ll succeed if you try your best. 8.他一来我就告诉他这件事。 I’ll tell him about it as soon as he come s.

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