托业考试高频词汇汇总

1．adjust—To change so as to match or fit; cause to correspond改

变…以适应=alter To adjust (a garment) for a better fit修改

2. adjoining—Neighboring; contiguous接临的=neighboring

3. adaptation—Something, such as a device or mechanism, that is changed or changes so as to become suitable to a new or special application or situation改装=modification

4. acute—Extremely sharp or severe; intense强烈的=intenseKeenly

perceptive or discerning; penetrating聪明的=sharp

5. accustomed—Being in the habit of习惯的=used to

6. accumulate—To gather or pile up; amass收集,堆集;积累=collect

7. accompany—To be or go with as a companion陪伴=travel with

8. accompaniment—Something, such as a situation, that accompanies something else; a concomitant伴随状况; 伴随发生的事物=attendant An accompanying thing or circumstance; a concomitant 伴随物;伴随的事物/情况

9. accommodate—To provide for; supply with供应=lodge To provide

with temporary quarters, especially for sleeping提供住处

10. acclaimed—To be praised enthusiastically and often publicly; applauded喝彩地,赞赏地=praised

11. accelerate—To cause to develop or progress more quickly使加快=increased

12. abundance—Fullness to overflowing丰富=profusion.The state of

being profuse丰富;大量

13. absurd—Contrary to nature, reason, or common sense荒谬的

Ridiculously incongruous or unreasonable荒诞的,荒唐的=preposterous

14. abandon—To give up by leaving or ceasing to operate or inhabit, especially as a result of danger or other impending threat离弃=give up

15. awareness—having knowledge or cognizance意识; 认识=realization

16. available—Present and ready for use; at hand; accessible(现实)可用的;手边的;可获得的=accessible

17. attribute—A quality or characteristic inherent in or ascribed to someone or something品质、属性=characteristic, trait

18. attire—Clothing or array; apparel服装、盛装;服饰=clothing

19. attach—To fasten, secure, or join系,贴或连接=fasten, stick to

20. assortment—A collection of various kinds; a variety多种多样=variety

21. astonishing—Filling with sudden wonder or amazement惊奇的,奇怪的=startling

22. astounding—To be astonishing and bewildering震惊的,迷惑不解的=surprising

23. assemble—To bring or call together into a group or whole召集; 集合=gathering

24. ascend—To slope upward爬坡倾斜而上=climb of

25. ascribe to—assume to be true认为…是

26. arduous—Demanding great effort or labor; difficult困难的=difficult Testing severely the powers of endurance; strenuous艰苦的=strenuous Requiring great effort, energy, or exertion艰巨的

27. arid—Lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants干旱的; 缺乏水分的=dry

28. aptly—Exactly suitable; appropriately合适的=appropriately

29. approach—To come near or nearer, as in space or time接近靠近=near

30. appeal—The power of attracting or of arousing interest吸引力=attraction

31. apart from—With the exception of; besides除…外;除…外还=except for

32. anonymous—shaving an unknown or unacknowledged name匿名的=unknown

33. annually—Recurring, done, or performed every year; yearly每年的=yearly

34. annihilate—To defeat decisively; vanquish战胜=conquer To defeat or subdue by force, especially by force of arms征服

35. alloy—To combine; mix融合;混合=blend, mix

36. altitude—The height of a thing above a reference level, especially above sea level or above the earth's surface高度=elevation

37. affluent—Generously supplied with money, property, or possessions; prosperous or rich富裕的=wealthy

38. afflict—To inflict grievous physical or mental suffering on折磨=problem

39. affect—To have or show a liking for喜欢=fondness

40. aesthetically—Artistically有艺术的,在艺术上的=artistically

41. adverse—Acting or serving to oppose; antagonistic敌对的=oppose, ill

42. adversely—Marked by or exhibiting features, such as hostility, that cannot be deemed positive or constructive反面的Harmfully or unfavorable有害/不利的=negatively

43. advocate—To speak, plead, or argue in favor of拥护演说=urge, preach One that argues for a cause; a supporter or defender支持者或保护者=proponent

44. adorn—To lend beauty to; decorate使美观为…增添美;装饰=decorate

45. adopt—To take on or assume采取采用或接受=take on

46. brilliance—The state or quality of being brilliant光辉=radiant

47. boundary—Something that indicates a border or limit边界=dividing line

48. breach—A violation or infraction, as of a law, a legal obligation, or

a promise破坏,违犯=violation

49. boost—To increase; raise增加;拔高To raise or lift by pushing up from behind or below推、举=raise

50. blend—To combine (varieties or grades) to obtain a mixture of a particular character, quality, or consistency把…掺在一起混合=combine, mix

51. bizarre—Strikingly unconventional and far-fetched in style or appearance古怪的=odd

52. bias—A preference or an inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment偏见=prejudice

53. beam—A ray or shaft of light光柱,光束=ray

54. be characterized by—distinguish以…为特征

55. barren—Lacking vegetation, especially useful vegetation不毛的=infertile

56. balmy—Mild and pleasant温和的=mild

57. comprise—To consist of; be composed of由…构成=consist of, make up

58. conception—Something conceived in the mind; a concept, plan, design, idea, or thought概念、计划、设计或思想=notion

A mental image or representation; an idea or conception心理形象/象征;想法/构思

59. composed of —To create or produce (a literary/musical piece)创作/制作=create

60. component—A constituent element, as of a system组成要素

=element, part

61. comparable—Similar or equivalent相似的;相当的=similar

62. compile—To put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources汇编=put together

63. community—A group of plants and animals living and interacting with one another in a specific region under relatively similar environmental conditions共生动物群的一群植物和动物=settlement, society

Society as a whole; the public作为整体的社会;大众

64. commodity—Something useful that can be turned to commercial or other advantage商品=goods

65. coincide—To happen at the same time or during the same period 同时发生=occur at the same time

66. cohesion—The act, process, or condition of cohering结合=unity The combination or arrangement of parts into a whole; unification统一

67. cluster—To gather or grow into bunches丛生=concentrate

68. classify—To arrange or organize according to class or category分类=categorize

69. cling to —v.依附,依靠,坚持=stick to

70. cite —To mention or bring forward as support, illustration, or proof 引证把…作为支持、说明或证明而提及或提出=mention

71. check —To check the quality or content of (an electronic audio or visual signal) by means of a receiver监听,收听= monitor

To check by means of an electronic receiver for significant content, such as military, political, or illegal activity窃听

72. celestial—Of or relating to the sky or the heavens天空的

=astronomical

73. cease—To put an end to; discontinue使…停止;中止=stop

74. capability—The quality of being capable; ability能力=ability

75. crawl—To move slowly on the hands and knees or by dragging the body along the ground; creep爬行=creep

76. crisscross—To move back and forth through or over交叉移动

77. core —The basic or most important part; the essence核心,本质=center

78. conceal—To keep from being seen, found, observed, or discovered隐藏=hide

79. counterpart—A copy or duplicate of a legal paper复制品=version An adaptation of a work of art or literature into another medium or style版本

80. counteract—To oppose and mitigate the effects of by contrary action; check抵制,抵消=negate

81. conventional—Conforming to established practice or accepted standards传统的=traditional

82. contribute to —To present as a gift to a fund or cause; contribute 捐赠; 捐献=donate

83. consumption—The act or process of consuming消耗=eating

84. constrain—To keep within close bounds; confine束缚=bound

To set a limit to; confine限制

85. constitute—To found (an institution, for example)创建=make up

86. constituent—Serving as part of a whole; component组成的

=component

87. constantly—Continually occurring; persistently持续的

=continuously

88. conspicuous—Attracting attention, as by being unusual or remarkable; noticeable值得注意的=noticeable

89. consort with —To keep company陪伴=associate

81. conserve—To protect from loss or harm; preserve保存,保护

=retain留住;保住

82. consequence—Something that logically or naturally follows from an action or condition结果=result

83. conjecture—A statement, an opinion, or a conclusion based on guesswork猜想=based on guessing

84. congestion—To be overfilled or overcrowded堵塞=overcrowded, crowded

85. conflicting—To be opposing; different对立的,不同的=opposing, contrary

86. confront—To come face to face with, especially with defiance or hostility(与…)面对面的=face

To confront with complete awareness面对

87. confine to —To keep within bounds; restrict限制=limit, cramp Restrict; narrow受限制;只限于

88. confederacy—A union of persons, parties, or states; a league联盟=ally

One that is allied with another, especially by treaty同盟者

89. cumbersome —Troublesome or onerous麻烦的=burdensome

90. dramatically—Arresting or forceful in appearance or effect引人注目的=striking

91. durable—Lasting; stable持久的;稳定的=lasting

92. domains—[计]域=fields考试用书

93. domestic—Tame or domesticated. Used of animals驯养的=tame

94. dominate—To enjoy a commanding, controlling position in占支配地位=be prevalent in

95. divergence—Difference, as of opinion意见分歧difference

96. diverse—Made up of distinct characteristics, qualities, or elements 多种多样的=various

97. dogma—An authoritative principle, belief, or statement of ideas or opinion, especially one considered to be absolutely true信条=belief 98. distinction—The condition or fact of being dissimilar or distinct差别=difference

99. distinct—Readily distinguishable from all others; discrete有区别的,不同的=different, separate, definite

100. dispute—To argue about; debate就…进行争论=argument, disagreement

101. disseminate—To spread abroad; promulgate散布=spread, distribute

102. disposal—The act or process of getting rid of something除掉

=get rid of

103. discrete—Constituting a separate thing; distinct分离的=separate

Existing as an independent entity单独的

104. discard—To throw away; reject丢弃,抛弃=get rid of

105. diffuse—To become widely dispersed; spread out散布=travel

To be transmitted, as light or sound; move or pass传送

106. differentiate—To constitute the distinction between区分

=distinguish

To perceive as being different or distinct区分

107. dictate—To prescribe with authority; impose命令

To issue orders or commands命令=determine

To reach a decision; resolve解决,决定,=prescribe

To set down as a rule or guide; enjoin指定,规定

108. devastate—To lay waste; destroy变成废墟,荒芜;破坏=ruin 109. device—A contrivance or an invention serving a particular purpose, especially a machine used to perform one or more relatively simple tasks机器=instrument

A device for recording, measuring, or controlling, especially such a device functioning as part of a control system仪表

110. devoid of —free of无…的,免于…的;摆脱了…的

111. destruction—The act or process of wrecking or destroying, especially destruction by explosives.摧毁破坏

The act of destroying毁灭=demolition

112. detect—To discover or ascertain the existence, presence, or fact of查明;发现=discover, sense

To become aware of; perceive感觉意识到

113. detectable—Can be discovered or ascertained the existence, presence, or fact可查明;可发现apparent, measurable, sizable

114. derive—To obtain or receive from a source得到=obtain, To issue from a source; originate起源于=stem from

115. depression—An area that is sunk below its surroundings; a hollow下陷处=low

116. depressed—Low in spirits; dejected情绪低落的;沮丧的

=saddened

117. deposit—To put or set down; place放置=place, lay

118. deplete—To decrease the fullness of; use up or empty out消灭,用完,用光=exhaust, run out

119. dense—Hard to penetrate; thick浓厚的=thick, heavy

120. delicate—Marked by sensitivity of discrimination敏锐的

=sensitive

Easily broken or damaged脆弱的=fragile

121. delicate—Considerate of the feelings of others体贴的=careful, intentionally

122. deft—Quick and skillful; adroit灵巧的=skilled

123. extract—To remove for separate consideration or publication; excerpt摘录=remove

124. extend—To stretch or spread (something) out to greater or fullest length延伸=increase, stretch, outspread

125. extensive—Large in extent, range, or amount广大的=wide, far from reaching

126. exponential—Containing, involving, or expressed as an exponent指数的=rapid, increase

127. exert—To bring to bear; exercise对…施加=apply

To put into action使用,运用,=cause

128. exhibition—The act or an instance of exhibiting展览=display

129. exorbitant—Exceeding all bounds, as of custom or fairness过高的,昂贵的=expensive

130. expand—To increase the size, volume, quantity, or scope of; enlarge扩大=increase

131. excessive—Extending far beyond the norm过分的

Exceeding a normal, usual, reasonable, or proper limit过量的

=extreme

132. exclusion—The condition or fact of being excluded.排除或被排除的状态

Keep out of躲开;置身于…之外

133. execution—制作=create

134. exalted—Lofty; sublime; noble高的,崇高的;高贵的=superior

Of great value or excellence; extraordinary价值巨大或品质优越的;突出的

135. exceed—To be greater than; surpass比…更好;超过=surpass 136. excel—To show superiority; surpass others胜过=be superior 137. exceptional—Well above average; extraordinary杰出的

=extraordinary

138. exceptionally—Deviating widely from a norm, as of physical or mental ability特殊的=abnormally,

Being an exception; uncommon例外的=extremely

139. evident—Easily seen or understood; obvious显然的=apparent Readily understood; clear or obvious显然的

140. evolve—To undergo gradual change; develop发展=develop

141. erode—To wear (something) away by or as if by abrasion腐蚀,侵蚀

142. equivalent—Equal, as in value, force, or meaning相等的

=interchangeable

That can be interchanged可以相互交换的

143. entity—Something that exists as a particular and discrete unit实体=object

Something perceptible by one or more of the senses, especially by vision or touch; a material thing物体

144. enormous—Very great in size, extent, number, or degree巨大的=tremendous, huge

145. emit—To give or send out matter/energy发射=give off发出,放出(蒸汽、气味等)

146. employ—To put to use or service投入使用=use

147. enactment—To act (something) out, as on a stage扮演

=performance, pass

148. emerge—To come into existence发生使出现=appear, spring up 149. embed—To cause to be an integral part of a surrounding whole 包埋=encase

To enclose in or as if in a case把…装箱

150. elaborate—To become elaborate变得复杂=complicate

To make or become complex or perplexing使复杂或令人困惑

151. elaborately—Planned or executed with painstaking attention to numerous parts or details精心制作的=done in great detail

152. fuse—To mix (constituent elements) together by or as if by melting; blend熔合=combine

153. furnish—To supply; give供应;提供=provide

154. fragment—A small part broken off or detached.碎片=piece A portion or part that has been separated from a whole

155. forbid—To command against the doing or use of (something); prohibit严禁=ban

156. forage—To wander in search of food or provisions搜索粮食

=feed

To give food to; supply with nourishment给予食物

157. float—To move from place to place, especially at random漂移=drift along

158. fertile—Rich in material needed to sustain plant growth肥沃的=rich

Abounding, especially in natural resources肥沃的;丰富的

159. faction—A group of persons forming a cohesive, usually contentious minority within a larger group小集团=side

One of two or more opposing individuals, groups, teams, or sets of opinions派

160. graze—To feed on (herbage) in a field or on pastureland放牧

=feed

161. gorgeous—Dazzlingly beautiful or magnificent耀眼的;美丽的;眩目艳丽的=magnificent, beautiful

162. global—Of, relating to, or involving the entire earth; worldwide全球的=worldwide

163. give way to —让路,让步=be replaced by=turn into

164. genetic—Affecting or affected by genes影响基因的或被基因影响的=heredity

The genetic transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring遣传

165. gap—An opening in a solid structure or surface; a cleft or breach 豁口=opening

A breach or an aperture缺口

166. house—A structure serving as a dwelling for one or more persons, especially for a family房屋=dwelling,

To contain; harbor收容;隐藏=contain. To have within; hold包含;容纳

167. homogeneous—Uniform in structure or composition throughout 同质的=uniform

Unvaried in texture, color, or design均质的

168. herald—To proclaim; announce公布;宣布=announce

169. heritage—Something that is passed down from preceding generations; a tradition遗留物,传统=tradition

170. harshness—Being extremely severe or exacting; stern严厉=acid Biting, sarcastic, or scornful尖刻的

171. harness—To bring under control and direct the force of统治,管理,支配=utilize

To put to use, especially to find a profitable or practical use for利用172. hail—To greet or acclaim enthusiastically喝彩=acclaim

173. integrate—To make into a whole by bringing all parts together使结合=unify

174. integral—Essential or necessary for completeness; constituent

必须的;应有的=essential Basic or indispensable; necessary基本的,必须的

175. institution—An established organization or foundation, especially one dedicated to education, public service, or culture机构

=establishment

A public or private institution, such as a hospital or school私人或公共机构

176. insight—The capacity to discern the true nature of a situation; penetration洞察力=understanding

The faculty by which one understands; intelligence理解力

177. inspire—To affect, guide, or arouse by divine influence使受神灵的;感召的=fire the imagination of

178. ingredient—An element in a mixture or compound; a constituent 成份=component

A constituent element, as of a system成分系统的组成要素

179. inhabit—To live or reside in居住=occupy. To dwell or reside in 居住

180. inhabitant—One that inhabits a place, especially as a permanent resident居民=resident

181. inhibit—To hold back; restrain抑制;限制=hinder

To interfere with action or progress阻碍,= curb

To check, restrain, or control as if with a curb; rein in抑制

182. innumerable—Too numerous to be counted; numberless无数的=countless

183. influx—A mass arrival or incoming汇集=arrival

184. inevitably—Impossible to avoid or prevent必然的,不能规避或避免的=unavoidably

185. inclination—A characteristic disposition to do, prefer, or favor one thing rather than another; a propensity爱好去做=preference The state of being preferred偏爱

186. inadequate—Not adequate to fulfill a need or meet a requirement 不足的=deficient, insufficient

187. impose—To apply or make prevail by or as if by authority强制实行=demand

To ask for urgently or peremptorily要求迫切或专横要求

188. implement—A tool or an instrument used in doing work工具=tool 189. immunity—The quality or condition of being immune免除,免疫

=protection

190. illustrate—To make a visible representation of展示

To provide (a publication) with explanatory or decorative features 图解=picture

191. identify—To ascertain the origin, nature, or definitive characteristics of确认=spot

To detect or discern, especially visually; spy辩认

192. jolt—To disturb suddenly and severely; stun使震惊=shock Something that jars the mind/emotions as if with a violent, unexpected blow震惊

193. myth—An unverified story handed down from earlier times, especially one popularly believed to be historical传说

A fictitious story, person, or thing传说=legend

194. noxious—Harmful to living things; injurious to health有害的

=harmful

195. narrate—To give an account or a description叙述或描绘

=recount

To narrate the facts or particulars of详细叙述

196. over taxed—税收过高的=heavily burdened负担沉重的

197. outbreak—A sudden increase突然发生=beginning

The act or process of bringing or being brought into being; a start开端198. originate—To come into being; start出现;开始=initial, genesis, pioneer

To bring into being; create创造=invent,

199. puncture—To pierce with a pointed object刺用带尖的物体穿透

=pierce

200. protrude—To jut out突出;伸出=project. To extend forward or out; jut out突出

201. prospect—Something expected; a possibility期待被期望的某物;可能性

202. prosperity—The condition of being prosperous繁荣=wealth

The state of being rich; affluence富裕

203. proponent—One who argues in support of something; an advocate倡导者=supporter

204. property—A characteristic trait or peculiarity, especially one serving to define or describe its possessor特性=characteristic,

A piece of real estate地产;不动产=estate

205. proper—Characterized by appropriateness or suitability; fitting恰当的=suitable, correctly

206. promising—Likely to develop in a desirable manner有前途的;有希望的=likely

Apt to achieve success or yield a desired outcome; promising有希望的

207. prominent—Widely known; eminent著名的=distinguished Characterized by excellence or distinction; eminent卓越的

208. proliferation—To grow or multiply by rapidly producing new tissue, parts, cells, or offspring增生,增殖=multiply

To breed or propagate繁殖

209. prevail—To be in force, use, or effect; be current正在用的,有影响的;现行的=dominate

210. prevailing—Most frequent or common; predominant普遍的;有优势的=most frequent

211. preside over—管理,主管=manage

212. primal—First, highest, or foremost in importance, rank, worth, or degree; chief重要的,首要的

Of first importance; primary最重要的;主要的=key, principal

213. primarily—Of first importance; primary最重要的;主要的=mainly For the most part; chiefly.大部分地;主要地

214. prehistoric—Of, relating to, or belonging to the era before recorded history史前的=ancient

215. preservative—Something used to preserve, especially a chemical added to foods to inhibit spoilage防腐剂=maintain

To keep in an existing state; preserve or retain保持

216. prestige—A person's high standing among others; honor or esteem威望;尊重或敬佩=honor

217. predecessor—One who precedes another in time, especially in holding an office or a position; one that precedes, as in time; a predecessor前任

An ancestor; a forebear祖先;祖宗=forerunner

218. predominantly—Most common or conspicuous; main or prevalent最主要的;最普通的=primarily

219. precede—To come, exist, or occur before in time.先于…=prior to, before

220. portion—A section or quantity within a larger thing; a part of a whole部分=part

221. possess—To have as property; own持有;拥有

To have as a quality, characteristic, or other attribute具有品质、特点=have

222. potential—having possibility, capability, or power有可能性的

=possible

223. pertinent—having logical, precise relevance to the matter at hand有关系的=relevant

224. pit—A natural or artificial hole or cavity in the ground坑=hole

225. perception—The capacity for such insight洞察能力=insightful

Showing or having insight; perceptive有洞察力的;有悟性的

226. penetrate—To enter or force a way into; pierce.穿过,刺入=go through

227. patron—A customer, especially a regular customer顾客

=customer

228. particle—A very small piece or part; a tiny portion or speck一小

份儿;一小点儿

A small spot, mark, or discoloration小斑点,小污点或小瑕疵

229. pants裤子—trousers裤子

230. quaint—Odd, especially in an old-fashioned way离奇的=odd, bizarre

Strikingly unconventional and far-fetched in style or appearance; odd 古怪的

231. rupture—The process of breaking open or bursting裂开,突然炸

开=burst

232. rural—Of, relating to, or characteristic of the country农村的

=country

233. rudimentary—Being in the earliest stages of development; incipient处于发展的最早阶段的=undeveloped, unsophisticated

234. rotate—To turn around on an axis or center绕轴或中心转动=turn, swirl

To proceed in sequence; take turns or alternate循环,交替或轮换

=alternate

235. robust—Full of health and strength; vigorous健康和有力的

=strong

236. roam—To move about without purpose or plan; wander漫游

=wander

237. rigidity—An instance of being rigid僵化,严厉=stiffness

238. revise—To reconsider and change or modify修改,修正=change 239. retrieve—To get back; regain.重获;收复=recover

To get back; regain重新得到=bring back

To rectify the unfavorable consequences of; remedy. See: recover

240. restrict—To keep or confine within limits限制=limit

241. retain—To maintain possession of保持=keep

2020年托业考试词汇(TOEIC)难点总结.doc

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