阅读理解长难句解析

阅读理解长难句解析

一、定语从句

1.P3 Y et members of the nation’s present educational and cultural elite still cling to the

notion that the United States belongs to some vaguely defined entity they refer to as “Western civilization,” by which they mean, presumably, a civilization created by people of Europe, as if Europe can even be viewed as completely uninfluenced by the rest of the world.

2.P6 Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are

many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appreciate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

3.P9 In the “soap war” between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use is made

of statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.

4.P10 Thus, to rectify the positions taken previously, where we contented ourselves with

condemnations, in my delegation’s opinion, we must find an overall solution which would come to grips with both the substance as well as the superficial aspects which, after all, serve only to compel us to keep this problem constantly on the Security Council’s agenda.

5.P11 We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical change

in matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.

6.P13 The revolution soon spread to Western Europe and the United States which, due

mainly to the development of her northeastern iron industry, became the world’s leading industrial nation by the late 1800s.

7.P13 The man who has not learned anything about how to understand his own intentions

and to make them effective, who has not learned something about what is possible and what impossible through experiences and books, will be enslaved by the political and social intentions of other men.

8.P16 Studies of the Weddell seal in the laboratory have described the physiological

mechanisms that allow the seals to cope with the extreme oxygen deprivation that occurs during its longest dives, which can extend 500 meters below the ocean’s surface and last for over 70 minutes.

9.P19 While this boundary does not mark the outer limit of a State’s territory, since in

international law the territorial sea forms part of a State’s territory, it does represent the demarcation between that maritime area (internal waters) where other States enjoy no general rights, and those maritime areas (the territorial sea and other zones) where other States do enjoy certain general rights.

10.P19 He finds that students who were easy to teach, because they succeeded in putting

everything they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which falls outside the scope of basic textbooks.

11.P 20 But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too, by using this moment as a

pinnacle from which I might be listened to by the young men and women already dedicated to the same anguish and travail, among whom is already that one who will some day stand here where I am standing.

12.P53 At the MIT Media Lab, a prototype is already being built which will determine how

sleepy you are as you drive, which is especially important for long-distance truck drivers.

二、分割结构

1. P54 I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of she after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting”brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.

2. P54 Such an outcome, if it happens, could cause a political controversy; or it could lead to more power being transferred to the EU in the worst possible circumstances, namely when the Union is deeply unpopular.

3. P 55 That fact, let alone the current division between the 11 euro countries and the four, led by Britain, that have not joined, is likely to mean that the Union should become a multisystem entity, with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things.

4. P55 This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

5.P58 Y ou have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense , manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.

6. P63 The main burden of assuring that the resources of the federal government are well managed falls on relatively few of the five million men and women whom it employs.

7. P65 It means that the United States, as compared with that position we found ourselves in immediately after World War II, had a challenge such as we did not even dream of.

8. P70 Every particle has acting on it a force which urges it downward.

13.P70 A new trend in radio broadcasting that developed during the late 1960s was the “talk

show”, featuring conversations between listeners and announcers or guests in the studio. 14.P72 They are, in fact, still capable under favorable circumstances of leading individual

lives.

15.P74 And numerous experiments have shown once the concept of self is changed, other

things consistent with the new concept of self are accomplished easily and without strain. 16.P75 He had no thought of the time to come when his muscles would not be so mighty, nor

his health so superb, and when he would not be able to work harder.

三、否定句

1.P171 But even he was unable to discover how long the gorilla lives, or how or why it dies, nor was he able to define the exact social patterns of the family groups, or indicate the final extent of their intelligence.

2.P172 Descriptive linguists cannot explain how a sentence is transformed – or, in other words, indicate such relationships as that between active and passive voice.

3.P173 For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80s, downshifting in the mid-90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life – growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one –as a personal recognition of your limitations.

4.P175 Who knows but it will rain tomorrow?

5.P176 I know not what, nor where, neither what latitude, what country, what nation or what river. I neither saw, nor desired to see any people; the principal thing I wanted was fresh water.

6.P176 He had never touched anything in the library other than American novels.

7.P177 Don’t tell him more than you can help.

8.P177 Rather than condemnation there was some kindness in the man’s voice.

9.P178 Certainly I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me. Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share.

10.P179 They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law.

11.P181 He’s no more able to read Spanish than I am.

12.P182. One can’t be too careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.

13.P;183 Y ou cannot be careful enough. Y ou cannot take enough care.

14.P184 There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents… No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children.

15.P185 A book may be compared to your neighbor, if it be good, it can not last too long; if bad, you can not get rid of it too early.

四、省略句

1.P80 If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle, how often can it be expected to fall on a line and how often into a blank space?

2.P81 Neither do we know how the universe begin, nor how it will end – if, indeed, it ends at all.

3. Son and father, together, had saved the day – he by holding out for something he enjoyed and I by having the sense, finally, to realize that he was right, and to let go of my dream of how things should be.

4.P85 The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.

5.P85 The European Union is an imperfect creature, with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some one poor ones.

6.P86 To Americans, being on one’s own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices.

7.P87 For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever.

8.P88 Airline pilots, in fact, whose experience is so obviously relevant that it ought to serve as a guide, often live by their own watches, ignoring local tim e, and have breakfast at midnight if necessary.

9.P91 The question “what are the roads like?”may when asked at one time, refer to the condition of the surface, at another, to their narrowness, at another to the traffic upon them, and at still another to the presence or otherwise of ice or snow.

10.P92 The largest known raindrops are slightly less than a quarter inch across or would be if they were perfectly round.

11.P92 Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown.

12.P93 In their hearts, women think it is men’s business to earn money and theirs to spend it – if possible during their husband’s life, but, at any rate, after his death.

13.P95 I could accept this fact with calmness because I know that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.

14.P98 By taking thought, men can move mountains – and have.

五、分词作状语

1.P150 Americans have always been deeply ambivalent, revering the nation’s immigration

roots and enjoying cheap immigrant labor, but resenting the newcomers who flood their cities,

drain their service and dilute their culture.

2.P152 The spate of shootings had appeared to be easing recently, however, with attacks

mainly confined to tourists visiting the south of the country.

3.P153 Blake, now 73 and living in relative poverty in a flat in Moscow, was responsible for

the deaths of several British agents after he became a Russian spy, following his capture by North Koreans and conversion to communism.

4.P154 There are many other exchange expressions, but those who are not well versed in

exchange terminology would do well to confine themselves to the use of expressions “favorable”and “unfavorable”when describing movements in exchange from the point of view of their countries, or to the use of “appreciate”and “depreciate”when describing a movement in the value of any particular currency.

5.P155 The fuel is easy enough to produce: hydrogen can be extracted from water, using

electricity, or cooled out of natural gas and even municipal waste, using heat.

6.P156 Put your palms together in front of you, your elbows pointing out the sides, your

fingertips pointing upward, and push so that you feel pressure in the heels of your palms and under your arms.

7.P158 Therefore, both jogging and dieting, carried to extremes, can be hazardous.

8.P159 Since the 1950s scores of major urban newspapers have ceased operation, leaving

most large U.S. cities with no more than one morning and one afternoon newspaper.

9.P159 Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever longer warning labels, trying

to anticipate every possible accident.

10.P161 Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the latest models being entirely

automatic and able to wash and dry a large quantity of clothes in a few minutes.

11.P162 The net result is a continuous flow of gas, starting as hot gases in intergalactic space

and ending as a drizzle of cool gas called a “cooling flow”, falling into the central galaxy. 12.P165 Further, many universities have become enslaved to their own bureaucratic process,

often placing first-year students in classes beyond their actual level of competence, based on placement exams that do not accurately measure true ability.

13.P166 Finally he had saved $ 50, which some Henning people living in Chicago, who were

back home visiting, had assured him was enough to see him eat and sleep long enough to find himself a job that would put him on his feet.

解析雅思阅读之分析长难句答案

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4 判断并列成分的层次。 5 并列连词and, or, but, for通常起承上启下的作用，不要将它们归入后文的句法分析。 6 在从句多的句子中，从句中又包含从句的现象。 7 非谓语动词短语在句中作次要成分（定语和状语）时又带着自己较长的从属成分，尤其是状语从句或宾语从句时的结构分析。 8 在有多个的复合句和并列句中，状语（单个词，短语或从句）究竟是全句的修饰语还是某个从句或词语的修饰语。 长难句分析实例 1. Decision-thinking is unlike poker---it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. 分析：这句话不长，但是由于有多个从句，并且还有省略，所以难度很大。破折号把这个长句分成为两个句子，前边是简单句，其中not unlike构成双重否定表肯定；后面的是复合句，进一步说明前面的内容。在这个复合句中it是形式主语，matters是谓语，意思为“要紧，重要”，not only---but also和and引导的是并列的名词性从句，在句中做真正的主语。其中后边的两个句子省略了matters。在主语部分中，matters not only what you think 的顺序应该是not only

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