中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题一

中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题一

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模拟试题一

I. Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.

1.I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't ____ what

color it was.

A. make out

B. look to

C. look out

D. take in

2.He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been____

A. imposed

B. exposed

C. composed

D. opposed

3.You should these tables and buy new ones.

A. throw off

B. throw down

C. throw up

D. throw away

4.__ ____ their suggestions， we will discuss them fully at the next

meeting.

A. In regard for

B. In regard to

C. With regard of

D. Regardless for

5.On cloudy nights it is not possible to see the stars with ____

eye.

A. naked

B. bare

C. flesh

D. pure

6.Many new _____ will be opened up in the future for those with a

university education.

A. opportunities

B. necessities

C. probabilities

D.

realities

7.I found myself completely ____ by his vivid performance.

A. carried out

B. carried off

C. carried away

D.

carried on

8.Although the examination he had passed was unimportant, his success

____ him in his later study.

A. persuaded

B. promised

C. urged

D. encouraged

9.This is the first time you have been late.

A. under no circumstances

B. on no account

C. by no means

D. for no reason

10.The taxi had to because the traffic light had turned

red.

A. set up

B. catch up

C. shut up

D. pull up

Section B

Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.-

11.The roof of the house was practically falling in and the front steps were rotting away.

A. almost

B. essentially

C. always

D. conveniently

12.T he greatest physical distinction between humans and apes is the hollow

space humans have under their chins.

A. attraction

B. danger

C. comfort

D. difference

13.Scientists are trying to develop computers that will simulate the human thought process.

A. substitute

B. assume

C. project

D. reflect

14.T enants do not own their own apartments, they merely occupy the dwellings.

A. intellectuals

B. renters

C. colonizers

D. contractors

15.Buddhist monks claim to detach their minds from their bodies.

A. separate

B. attach

C. deliver

D. detain

16.We encountered the Smiths before leaving the parking lot.

A. met

B. saw

C. helped

D. surprised

17.Mr. Jones was taken in by that door to door salesman’s mooth talk. He

paid almost $900.00 for a vacuum cleaner.

A. deceived

B. incited

C. implicated

D. saturated

18.The chorale wanted to rehearse the song before the performance.

A. sing

B. rewrite

C. introduce

D. practice

19.Prejudice towards minorities probable stems from fear of the unknown.

A. anger

B. bias

C. rudeness

D. action

20.It is unwise to provoke strange animals.

A. feed

B. touch

C. anger

D. chase

II. Grammatical Structure

Section A

Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.

21. ___________ So frightened in darkness that she did not dare to

move an inch.

A. was the girl

B. the girl was

C. such a girl was

D. that the girl

was

22. _ ___you may be right, I can’t altogether agree.

A. As

B. While

C. If

D. Since

23.—I must have eaten something wrong. I feel like ___.

—I told you not to eat at a restaurant. You’d better at home.

A. to throw up ... to cat

B. throwing up ... eating

C. to throw up ... cat

D. throwing up... cat

24. His response was that he didn’t say yes and he didn’t say no.

A. so

B. which

C. what

D. such

25. I have not found my book yet. I’m not sure____I could have done

with it.

A. whether

B. what

C. why

D. where

26. He is sure that there was a flying saucer over there. If he hadn't seen it himself, he ___ it.

A. never have believed

B. never did believe

C. could never believe

D. would never have believed

27.I _______________________________________ wish Bill would drive us to

the train station but he has _____________ ____ to take us all.

A. very small a car

B. too small a car

C. a too small car

D. such a small car

28.___ the building for stolen goods, the police found twenty machine

guns.

A. Searching

B. Being searching

C. Searched

D. To search

29.Close the door,

A. will you

B. do you

C. shall you

D. don’t you

30.The storm _ ，they had to live in a cave.

A. has destroyed their hut

B. to destroy their hut

C. having destroyed their hut

D. being destroyed

Directions: In questions 31-40 each sentence has four underlined words

or phrases, marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase which

is incorrect and must be changed to make the sentence correct. Then

Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths

and weaknesses. Success or 41 in your work would depend, to a great extent, 42 your

ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. Of the utmost importance is

your attitude. A person 43 begins a job convinced that lie isn't going to like it or is sure that he

is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a

person who is secure 44 his belief that he is probably as capable of doing the work as anyone

else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt by it possesses a certain strength of purpose.

The chances are that he will do well.

45 the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously

a weakness. A book keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw is

hopeless cases.

This book has been designed to help you capitalize 46 the strength and overcome the

47 that you bring to the job of learning. But in group to measure your development, you must

first take stock of where you stand now. 48 we get further along in the book, we'll be dealing

in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 49 skills. However, to

begin with, you should pause to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that

are critical to your success or failure in school: your 50 , your reading and communication

skills, and your study habits.

41. A. improvement B. victory C. failure

D. achievement

42. A. in B. on C. of

D. to

43. A. who B. what C. that

D. which

44. A. onto B. on C. off

D. in

45. A. Have B. Had C. Having

D. Had been

46. A. except B. but C. for

D. on

47. A. idea B. weakness C. strength

D. advantage

48. A. as B. till C. over

D. out

49. A. learnt B. learned C. learning

D. learn

50. A. intelligence B. work C. attitude

D. weakness

IV. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is

followed by 4 questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,

B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer

on the Answer Sheet.

Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage:

In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents

raising five or more children were common. Over the years, the size of

the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the

cost of living. On the average, children attend schools for more years

than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families

longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better dressed and have more

money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the

responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close

than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from

home. The break up of the family occurs when the parents divorce, A

lot of children in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children's emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent's own personal interests. Single parents often marry other

single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are.

51. To parents who take the responsibility for children's expenses, the cost of living increases

because

A. children attend school for more years

B. children are better dressed

C. children spend more money on entertainment

D. all of the above

52. What problems would broken families bring to both children and parents

A. Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn't pay much attention to children.

B. Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible for raising the children.

C. Children are moved back and forth between parents and the

single parent is busy working

to make money to support himself/herself.

D. Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have

little time for his/her own

interests because one parent is too busy taking care of children.

53. According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may __

A. become worse

B. remain the same

C. get better

D. keep unchanged

54. The title of the article might be __

A. American Children

B. American Families

C. American Mother

D. American Parents

Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:

When I was studying at Yale, some phenomena puzzled me greatly. I found that Chinese

students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the

professor, asking questions and dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as

aggressive as American students.

I was impressed by the role of the professor in the seminar (讨论会). The professor didn't act

as an authority, giving final conclusions, but as a researcher looking for answers to questions

together with the students. One linguistic (语言的) feature of his interacting with his students was

that he used many modal (情态的) verbs--far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering

questions, he usually said, "This is my personal opinion and it could be wrong." or "You could be

right, but you might find this point of view also interesting." In China, authorities are always

supposed to give wise decisions and correct directions. Therefore, students always expect the

professor to give an answer to the question, i still remember how frustrated they were when

foreign teachers did not provide such an answer. Their expectations from authorities are much

higher than that of American students. Once the Chinese students got the answer, they were sure

about it.

Education in China is valued for united thinking. I remember American teachers who taught

in our university complaining about the fact that Chinese students uniformly expressed the same

idea in their English composition. The examinations in America usually do not test a student's

ability to memorize the material but his ability to analyze and solve problems. Education in

America is valued not only as a means to obtain employment but as a process of enhancing

critical thinking.

55. In the USA, when the students are in class, __

A. a Chinese student tends to be very active

B. an American student likes to make trouble

C. a Chinese student likes to puzzle the teacher

D. an American student tends to be vigorous

56. A teacher in the USA prefers to __ when he answers questions.

A. be very sincere

B. be very direct

C. be very self-confident

D. be very indifferent

57. What is the opinion of the author concerning the difference of teaching methods between

China and the USA

A. He thinks that Chinese teaching methods can make students learn more.

B. He holds that the major purpose of Chinese teaching methods is to improve students'

remembrance.

C. He thinks that American teaching is ability oriented.

D. He holds that American teachers hate to give a test.

58. The author thinks that the relationship between the student and the teacher is __

A. more intimate in China

B. closer in China

C. looser in USA

D. more harmonious in USA

Questions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:

With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes

later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio

begins to transmit an astonishing amount of information about the satellite's orbital path, the

amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back

to the earth. No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and

organize them. But an electronic computer can. The marvel of the machine age, the electronic

computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations--add, subtract, multiply

and divide--with lighting speed and perfect accuracy. Some computers can work 500,000 times

faster than any person can.

Once it is given a "program" -- that is, a carefully worked out set of instructions devised by

a technician trained in computer language -- a computer can gather a wide range of information for

many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depth of the

ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales

trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep

bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, the

computer will find out what to take and what space is available.

Not only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and

can pour them out whenever they are needed. The computer is really a high powered "memory"

machine that "has all the answers"--or almost all. Besides gathering and storing information, the

computer can also solve complicated problems that once took months for people to do. At times

computers seem almost human. They can "read" hand printed letters, play chess, compose music,

write plays and even design other computers. Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called

"thinking" machines

Even though they are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own

brains, computers are not replacing us at least not yet. Our brain has more than 10 million cells. A

computer has only a few hundred thousand parts. For some time to come, then, we can safely say

that our brains are at least 10, 000 times more complex than a computer. How we use them is for

us, not the computer, to decide.

59. "Program" means __

A. a plan of what is to be done

B. a complete show on a TV station at a fixed time table

C. a scheduled performance

D. series of coded instructions to control the operations of a computer

60. The computer is a high powered "memory" machine, which __

A. has all the ready answers -- or almost all to any questions

B. can remember everything

C. can store everything and work for you

D. has all the answers -- or almost to all the information that

has been stored

61. "Thinking" machines suggest that __

A. they can "read" hand printed letters etc

B. they really can think and do many other jobs

C. they even design other computers

D. they can't think, but can do something under human control

62. Can computers do whatever they want to do Why

A. Yes, because some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.

B. No, because they normally have a few hundred thousand parts.

C. No, because human brains are at least 10000 times more complex than any computers.

D. No, because how a computer works is decided by human.

Questions 63 to 66 are based on the following passage:

Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge

industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because

everything that goes into the dumps would be made into something useful. Even the most

dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else.

The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly

what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw

materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This

plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as

well.

Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the

rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this: first, it will pass

through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed;

then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids;

after that grounders and rollers break up everything that can be broken. Finally the rubbish will

pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then

be sorted out in the final stage.

The first full scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. Indeed, with the

growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to

build their own recycling plants before long.

63. The main purpose of the passage is __

A. to show us a future way of recycling wastes

B. to tell the importance of recycling wastes

C. to warn people the danger of some wastes

D. to introduce a new recycling plant

64. How many stages are there in the recycling process

A. 3.

B. 4.

C. 5.

D. 6.

65. What is the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants

A. To deal with wastes in a better way.

B. It's a good way to gain profits.

C. It's more economical than to dump wastes in some distant places.

D. Energy can be got at a lower price.

66. Which of the following statements is true

A. The word "rubbish" will soon disappear from dictionaries.

B. Dangerous wastes can be recycled into nothing but energy.

C. To recycle paper and rubber will still be impossible even with the new recycling methods.

D. Big cities will soon have their own recycling plants.

Section B

Directions: You should answer questions 67-75 which are based on the

following passages. Mark

your answer on the answer sheet.

The Motor Car

A There are now over 700 million motor vehicles in the world ? and the

number is rising by more than 40 million each year. The average distance driven by car users is growing too - from 8 km a day per person in western Europe in 1965 to 25 km a day in 1995. This dependence on motor vehicles has given rise to major problems, including environmental pollution, depletion of oil resources, traffic congestion and safety.

B While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to

be, city streets and motorways are becoming more crowded than ever, often with older trucks, buses and taxis which emit excessive levels of smoke and fumes. This concentration of vehicles makes air quality in urban areas unpleasant and sometimes dangerous to breathe. Even Moscow has joined the list of capitals afflicted by congestion and traffic fumes. In Mexico City, vehicle pollution is a major health hazard.

C Until a hundred years ago, most journeys were in the 20 km range, the

distance conveniently accessible by horse. Heavy freight could only be carried by water or rail. The invention of the motor vehicle brought personal mobility to the masses and made rapid freight delivery possible over a much wider area. In the United Kingdom, about 90 per cent of inland freight is carried by road. Clearly the world cannot revert to the horse-drawn wagon. Can it avoid being locked into congested and polluting ways of transporting people and goods

D In Europe most cities arc still designed for the old modes of

transport. Adaptation to the motor car has involved adding ring roads, one-way systems and parking lots. In the United States, more land is assigned to car use than to housing. Urban sprawl means that life without a car is next to impossible. Mass use of motor vehicles

has also killed or injured millions of people. Other social effects have been blamed on the car such as alienation and aggressive human behaviour.

E A 1993 study by the European Federation for Transport and Environment

found that car transport is seven times as costly as rail travel in terms of the external social costs it entails such as congestion, accidents, pollution, loss of cropland and natural habitats，depletion of oil resources, and so on. Yet cars easily surpass trains or buses as a flexible and convenient mode of personal transport. It is unrealistic to expect people to give up private cars in favour of mass transit.

F Technical solutions can reduce the pollution problem and increase the

fuel efficiency of engines. But fuel consumption and exhaust emissions depend on which cars arc preferred by customers and how they are driven. Many people buy larger cars than they need for daily purposes or waste fuel by driving aggressively. Besides, global car use i彡 increasing at a faster rate than the improvement in emissions and fuel efficiency which technology is now making possible.

G One solution that has been put forward is the long-term solution

of designing cities and neighbourhoods so that car journeys are not necessary - all essential services being located within walking distance or easily accessible by public transport. Not only would this save energy and cut carbon dioxide emissions, it would also enhance the quality of community life, putting the emphasis on people instead of cars. Good local government is already bringing this about in some places. But few democratic communities are blessed with the vision - and the capital - to make such profound changes in modem lifestyles.

H A more likely scenario seems to be a combination of mass transit

systems for travel into and around cities, with small “low emission” cars for urban use and larger hybrid or lean bum cars for use elsewhere. Electronically tolled highways might be used to ensure that drivers pay charges geared to actual road use.

Better integration of transport systems is also highly desirable - and made more feasible by modem computers. But these are

solutions for countries which can afford them. In most developing countries, old cars and old technologies continue to predominate.

Questions 67-72

This passage has eight paragraphs labelled A-H. Which paragraphs concentrate on the following

information Choose the correct letter A-H for questions 67-72 and mark your answer on the

answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

67. a comparison of past and present transportation methods

68. how driving habits contribute to road problems

69. the relative merits of cars and public transport

70. the writer's own prediction of future solutions

71. the increasing use of motor vehicles

72. the impact of the car on city development

Questions 73-75

Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in

this passage For questions

73-75, choose

A.if the statement agrees with the views of the writer (YES)

B.if the statement contradicts the views of the writer (NO)

C.if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

(NOT GIVEN)

73. Vehicle pollution is worse in European cities than anywhere else.

74. Technology alone cannot solve the problem of vehicle pollution.

75. Redesigning cities would be a short-term solution.

职称英语核心词汇汇总

职称英语核心词汇汇总

职称英语考试备考技巧 一、词汇： 需要考生在最后阶段练习查字典，建议一天练习查60对，而且一个词汇题要反、正查，同时也要进行职称考试中常考词汇的记忆，这样可以在考试时提高速度，节省时间。 词汇题一般情况下仅凭字典一般也能做对，因此考生对自己不认识、不熟悉或没有绝对把握的题一定要通过字典来确认，从而确保词汇题100%的正确率。特别提醒考生，考试时要带上一本带有同义词的词典。且词典不能含有职称、考试等字样，更不能带电子词典。 二、阅读判断： 答题时需掌握一条原则，就是在文章中有明确提出的才能确定为对。题目中若出现must、only、all、always等时，答案一般不会是对的。 除上面的原则外，一般根据下列原则和规律也可以确定正确答案。选择A、B或C的三种情况： 选A的情况：如果某题干与原文信息完全一致或基本一致 选B的情况：如果某题干与原文信息完全相反 选C的情况：如果某题干部分或局部信息在原文中未提到 三、概括大意和完成句子： 概括大意要先看选项，寻找关键词，确定所考段落。完成句子则要根据所给的短句进行选择，比较好的方法是找同类动词。 同时读每段话时，要抓住该段话的主题句和核心词汇，正确答案常常是主题句的改写。读每段话时，并不是该段话全要仔细阅读。这样，既浪费时间，也不容易抓住重点。应该抓住该段话的主题句。 四、阅读理解： 首先要重点掌握教材上的阅读理解的重点文章的背诵，来抓住出自教材上的分数，这是顺利通过考试很关键的一步。

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