2021年英译中国现代散文选 语言点整理笔记 1

张培基英译中国现代散文选语言点

整理笔记1

欧阳光明（2021.03.07）

1. It is sometimes beset with …有时候会有…的境遇/会有…相伴

2. Nothing short of a … can help …唯有…才能/全靠…才能够

3. Rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. 一泻千里

4. Fare likewise. 正如这样

5. Now … , now …有时…，有

时…6. Better able to generate in oneself a sensation of …更能让人产生一种…之感7. … is now confronted with a … section of its course. …现在正遭遇进程上的一

段…8.… , however, can only be shared by …而…，只有…样的人才可体会到

9. The present … crisis can never obstacle the advance of …目前的…危机绝不会阻碍…的进步

10. Let us brace up our spirits and march through …让我们鼓起雄健的精

神…11. The greatest joy of …, is to … during its most difficult days. 在最艰难的日子里…，亦是最大的乐趣12. Grow restless 变得焦躁不安 Beg to differ 恕不同意/持反对意见

13. Dash here and there in search of …跑来跑去的寻找

14. He is going to … so that he could …他决定…以

便…15.… is not groundless because ……并非空害怕/没依据，因为…16. Keep moving around in a hurry 慌慌张张地走/跑

17. What’s the rush? 为何这般慌？/怎么这么着急？

18. Behind … lay half a dozen of … near …注意学习地理方位和位置的表述19. look like rain, yet, to our great joy … [口语]像是要下雨，然而让我们高兴的是…20. which of you could …你们谁能……？(别用who了，太土了！！)21. they are most beloved in one aspect. 有一点最受人爱/有一点最为可贵

22. Unlike … , which … , … it just … to …不像…的…一样，它只是…，

来…23. You can never immediately tell whether or not it … until …你不能立刻判断它是否…，非得等

到…24. One should be useful rather than great or nice-looking. 应该成为有用的人，而不是伟大或体面的人25. Engraved in my mind. 深深地刻在脑海26. … is a household name all over the country. ……是家喻户晓/名遍全国的。27. … is always on the lips because …把…天天挂在嘴上，因为…28.What’s the use of being ………又有什么用/有什么必要呢？29. Uttered intermittently. 断断续续地说

30. Never calculating or particular about personal gains and losses. 不计较个人得失31. Honor … with a posthumous reverent …追授…一个…的谥号/称号32. Become more and more … with the passing of time. 随

着时间的流逝变得越来越……/越久

越……33. Never give up the pursuit of …不要放弃… / 不要放弃对…的追求34. Out of sheer necessity. 仅仅为了需要 / 纯粹因为需要

35. Be free to follow your own bent. 可以依自己的喜好去… / 自由自在地去追求自己的喜好36. Be in the prime of life. 正当盛年 / 年富力强37. … will soon be gone never to return. 一去不复返。

38. Be in one’s declining years. 风烛残年 / 精力衰微之时

39. As a means of subsistence. 作为生计 / 为了吃饭 / 作为谋生的手段

40. Remedy the situation by …用……来补救

41. Come up against the urgent problem of ………问题急需解决

42. How can one manage to … while …人怎么能在…的同时还…

呢？

43. Cut down on food and clothing and do everything possible to …节衣缩食想尽办法去……44. Time is no object. 时间不是问题。

45. … will be quite enough to make … a ……足够让一个…成为…了

46. The choice lies with you. 选择权在你们手里。

47. Henrik Ibsen says, “it is your supreme duty to cast yourself into a use ful implement.”你最大的责任是把你这块材料铸造成器。

48. Forsake … , and you will ruin yourself. 抛弃…，你便毁了你自己。

49. To go into scholarship, to engage in learning. 做学问

50. the only things of some value under my roof, if any, are …在我屋子里唯一贵重的东西就

是…51. Entertain ambition of making a profound study of …怀有对……做一番高深研究的野心

52. It seemed that … can better satisfy … than ……比…更能满足…的需要53. At one sitting. 一口气

地…54. It is completely subjected to the whims of the moment. 全凭当时的兴趣和念头。55. Liken myself respectively to …把我自己比作……56. Thread-bound Chinese book. 线装书

57. My obsession of … have been very much on a decline. 我对……的狂热/着迷消除了不少。58. To eat into one’s whole pocket. 花掉某人所有的钱。59. But not all acquaintances are friends. 不是所有认识的都是朋友。60. Have more scruples about this and that. 对身边的一切都有更多的顾虑。61. We each followed a different course of life. 我们各自过着不同的生活。62. Be bound to. 必然，一定会。 Somehow or other. 设法，莫名其妙地

63. … of bygone days will unfold again before one’s eyes. 过去的…又重新浮现在某人眼前。64. In bloom of one’s youth. 在某人盛年的时候 / 在生命中最华美的时刻65. Unwittingly 不知不觉地，无意识地

66. Fritter away. 渐渐地消失 / 慢慢地消耗 / 一点点地浪费

67. In twos and threes. 三三两两，零零星星

68. Negotiate shoals and reefs / deserts and gorges 跋涉（越过）礁石浅滩 / 荒漠峡谷69. Be reduced to … as the last resort. 被逼到做……的地步，被迫干……为生70. Foot passenger. 步行的人，行人

71. It stands to reason that ……也是合情合理的/显而易见的

72. Can ill afford to do something. 无法承

受……73. If it is beyond one’s capacity to single-handedly stem the pre vailing of social evils, one should at least be self-disciplined so as not to make matters worse.74. Pedantic view of bookish person. 酸腐的书生之见75. Cool your heels。坐冷板凳，空等

76. All that kills my idea of …那足以让我打消……的念头

77. A good man always enjoys Heaven’s protection. 吉人天相

78. Misfortune never comes singly 祸不单行

79. Heaven always leaves one a way out. 天无绝人之路

80. Be in reduced circumstance. 每况愈下 / 光景惨淡

81. After some wavering, 犹豫一阵之后 / 犹豫不决了一阵

82. Talk somebody out of it(something), 劝说某人不做某事

83. Smart aleck 自作聪明的人/ 自作聪明的84. Chip in 插嘴，打断，捐助，出钱 stroll about 游逛，游荡，闲游85. Be watchful on the way, 路上警惕些，旅途当心

86. It is certainly no problem for a person of my age to …对于我这样年纪 / 我这么大的人来说，……是没问题的87. A strenuous job: 紧张的/费力的/艰苦的差使88. Skullcap 无沿小帽，圆帽 Mandarin jacket 马褂 cotton-padded 填充棉絮的89. Huddle up 蜷缩，挤成一

团 Corpulent 肥胖的90. Gush from涌出，不断流出 trickle 滴，淌，细流 ooze 渗出，淌出91. Make an enormous exertion to …尽全力

做……92. Pat the dirt off one’s clothes 拍去/掸去身上的尘土

93. until his figure was lost among crowds of people hurrying to and fro and no longer visible. 直到他的身影消失在来往的人群中，再也遍寻不见了。94. live an unsettled life. 过着颠簸不定的日子 / 东奔西走95. … with circumstances going from bad to worse. 一日不如一日 / 每况愈下96. His pent-up emotion has to find a vent. 情郁于中，自然要发之于外。97. the state of … filled somebody with a feeling of ………的境况让人……98. downcast 沮丧，颓废，颓唐

99. domestic triviality = household chores 家庭琐事 long gown 长袍，长衫100. Frown upon the way …不赞同……的方式 / 对…的方式颇有微词101. For my part. 就我而言，对我来说，我认为

101. I cannot keep myself from …我实在忍不住要……/我无法不……103. Much less …更不用说……，更何况于

104. Trudge through. 跋涉，步履艰难地走

105. Simplicity, earnestness, dauntlessness and unyieldingness. 质朴，诚恳，英勇无畏，坚强不屈106. How could you fail to …你怎能不……？难道你会不……？

107. Be the symbolic of the spirit and will of …成为……精神和意志的象征108. Bursting with vitality 生命力极强，有坚韧的生命力109. Capable of surviving any hardship or oppression. 折磨不了，压迫不倒，顽强地活着110. I pay tribute to …我赞美/歌

颂……111. be loud in someone's praise 极力称赞/赞扬某人

111. Knowing no one who I could approach with my questions and my d oubts, I turned to God;113. Always have something to recommend himse lf. 总有可取之处，总有闪光点114. Make light of …轻视，藐视，不在意……115. Onetime capital。故都。 Muddle along 得过且过，混日子，浑浑噩噩

116. Unlike famous flowers which are most attractive when half opening , good wine which is most tempting when one is half drunk, autumn, ho wever, is best appreciated at its entirety. 秋不是名花，也不是美酒，那一种半开、半醉的状态，在领略秋的过程上，是不合适的。

117. Put somebody in mind of …让某人回忆起/记

起……118. Reed catkin 芦花， willow catkin 柳絮， chirping insects 鸣虫， reverberating bell 钟声119. Be of itself，自发(流露)，自然而然地 well up 涌出，表达，流露

110. The clouds roll towards the west and the sun come out in the sky 云卷，天空放晴~~~111. Creep up on. 爬上，悄悄降临，不知不觉地到来111. Thorny jujube tree 酸枣树 persimmon tree 柿子树

113. History treats all humans alike. 历史是公平的

114. With a slight touch of regret at the passing of time. 伤怀时光的消逝115. In spite of oneself…不由自主地

116. Woman’s only career lies in matrimony. —— Lin Yutang. 女人唯一的事业便是结婚。

117. ……? That sounds like the chicken-egg question. ……呢？这好比

先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题。

118. Thinking the matter over and over again, I cannot but come to the c onclusion that …119. Neither … nor … has anything to recommend itsel f. ……不好，……也不好。130. Petticoat influence 裙带关系，姻亲影响131. Meanness and ruthlessness 卑鄙冷酷，残忍无情

131. It means nothing to …, but it is everything to …对某人微不足道，对另外人却是全部/命根133. Look askance at …斜眼看，瞟（常带有怀疑，鄙夷，厌恶等情绪）134. Hang about，聚在一起，闲逛，游荡，待在某人身边

张培基英译中国现代散文选语言点整理笔记2

135. Bounded duty 本分，天职，应尽的义务

136. Keep body and soul together 仅仅能维持生存137. Gulp down 狼吞虎咽地吃，忍住，强抑住138. Guardian gods to Buddha 金刚。139. Herculean strength 力大无比，神力 Hercules 力士，大力神140. All the answers turned out to be wide of the mark 答案完全不对，离谱。

141. Likewise, one who has never gone through the baptism of romantic love will have little genuine knowledge of life. 没有受过浪漫的恋爱洗礼的人生，不算真人生。

141. Mencius says, “The desire for food and sex is nature.”孟子曰，食色性也。

143. If one remains a lifelong stranger to love, how can he thoroughly un derstand life? 一个一生不恋爱的人，又如何能够了解人生？

144. At an opportune moment. 在恰当的时机145. Carnal desire 肉

欲 Platonic love 纯爱

146. in this present world overflowing with material desires, 在这个物欲横流的世界

147. Love has become a mere game ever since humanity set out on its w ay to extinction. 人性开始灭亡之际，恋爱也成了游戏

148. See to it that, 努力使，保证，务必要(相当于

make sure that)149. Windfall. 被风吹落的果子，意外收获，意外之财150. Frisk for…搜查，搜身 / 蹦跳，快乐151. Put on air. 装腔作

势 Big shot 大人物，大佬151. Bark up the wrong tree. 攻击错目标，找错人了153. Crotch 分叉处，(人的)胯部，裤裆

154. Be rolling in money 非常有钱的，非常阔绰155. Spoils 战利品，赃物 loot 战利品，抢劫，洗劫，掠夺物156. Be seized with 被（强烈的情感、愿望等）影响

157. Tears well up in my eyes and blurred my glasses泪水涌出我的双眼，模糊了眼镜。158. Other than. 除了，不同于，异于 foolproof 十分简单的，十分安全的，错不了的159. Hedgehog 刺猬， sea urchin 海胆， snake slough 蛇蜕160. Do your bit. 做有益的事情，做出贡献161. Earmark for 制定专用，划拨专项使用，特定用于

161. One who does not work hard in youth will grieve in vain in old age.

少壮不努力老大徒伤悲。163. In the matter of. 就……而论，在……方面164. The First Four Books of History: 前四史（汉书，后汉书，史记，三国志）165. Lithographic edition 石版油印的，平版印刷的166. Pluck up the courage 鼓起勇气，振作精神167. Go in for 参加，从事，参与，赞成

168. Good health is the wherewithal for a successful life and career. 健康的身体是做人做事的真正本钱169. Ulterior motive 隐秘不明的动机，另有所图，别有用心170. Overstress the importance of …过分强调……的重要性171. As dry as sawdust 如锯木屑般枯燥 / 味同嚼蜡171. Liberal arts and natural sciences 人文科学与自然科学 / 文理科173. On the pretext of …以……为借口

174. Rudiments of knowledge 基本功，基础，入门知识

175. Not to speak of …更不用说…… / 而且

还……176. All-round training 全面训练，通才培训

177. Back down = beat a retreat 放弃，撤退

178. A flight of staircase / steps 一段楼梯，一段台阶

179. In all earnest. 认真地，恳切地/再三央求地

180. Scenic spots and historical sites. 名胜古迹

181. In the habit of …有……的习惯 silk tree：合欢树，马缨花树181. Hit upon = come across = find by chance 偶然发现/偶然想到/偶然碰到183. Secret service特务机关，秘密情报处184. Get bogged down 停滞，陷入困境，陷入问题185. Conditioned reflex条件反

射 next to none很少，几乎没有186. To the point of …达到……的程度187. Literary criticism 文学批评 / 文艺评论188. Redology 红学，红楼梦研究 stupefaction 麻醉，昏迷，麻木状态189. To my mind 据我观点，在我看来190. Social strata 社会阶层 skin-deep 肤浅的，轻微的，表面的191. Differ from each other in …有着迥异

的……191. Family background, social experience, cultural tradition, psy chological condition. (注意搭

配！)193. The list could go on and on endlessly, so I wouldn’t mind stop ping here. 很好的套语194. Of each and every 每一个，每

个 Alas alas alas alas alas唉！195. Creative and conducive to …对……有创意且有益

196. Be saddled with the epithet of “originator of a bad practice”背上始作俑者的恶名197. Be very much like …和……一模一样 / 如出一辙198. Dying groans and sighs, anguish, sad and helpless垂死的呻吟和叹息，悲痛，悲哀而又无奈199. Be advanced in years 年老的，上了年纪的 shoulder pole 扁担

200. A great many things will forever be cherished in my memory.201. E ke out (辛苦经营，勉强维持) a bare subsistence 竭力维持温饱的生活202. Do farming, till lands, plant vegetables, feed pigs, raise silkworms a nd spin cotton into yarn. 务农，耕地，种菜，喂猪，养蚕，纺棉。202. Work hard from dawn to dusk 起早贪黑地工作

（from predawn to midnight）204. The knack of ………的诀窍榨

油 squeeze/extract oil from205. Coarse grain粗粮大麦barley，小麦wheat，燕麦oat，荞麦 buckwheat，青稞 Highland barley，高

粱 sorghum/kaoliang，小米/黍 millet，206. With gusto 满怀热情的，津津有味的 eat with gusto 吃得津津有味

207. Long-stemmed Chinese pipe 大烟，旱烟

208. Diligence and frugality，generosity and kindheartedness 勤劳和简朴，慷慨和善良209. Ride roughshod over 欺压，欺凌 Scrape up 积攒，凑足210. To keep up appearance 撑场面，撑门面211. Gentry 人们（多贬义），贵族们，有钱人212. War of Resistance toJapan. 抗日战争，抗战212. Never bow down to any difficulty 不向（任何）困难低头214. Bequeathed somebody …馈赠给，赠予某人……215. Pack with 挤进，塞进，塞满了人

216. Hair disheveled like wind-blown withered grass, eyes blood-shot, s huffle languidly in the slippers. 头发凌乱得像吹乱的枯草，眼睛布满血丝，颓然地趿拉着拖鞋。217. A blind alley = a dead-end = cul-de-sac 死胡同

218. Moss-covered and hung with clusters of fresh green wisteria, which almost like screens of primitive simplicity. 苔痕斑斑，挂满苍翠欲滴的藤萝，简直像古朴的屏风。

219. Reign peace and quiet amidst of noisy bustle. 闹中取静，别有天地220. Where each family have their covered-up stories of joys and sorrow s, and rise and decline. 家家有一本哀乐账，有一部兴衰史

221. A water-like placidness will make one forget all cares and worries. 平静如水澄明，使人忘忧

222. Greedy sidelong glances and malicious squints. 贪婪的睨视，恶意的斜觑。222. Roam about leisurely 悠闲地散

步 a heavenly abode for ……的乐土，洞天幽境

224. Exchange knowing looks at one another 相互交换眼色，使眼色225. Questionable attitude towards life and career. 生活作风问题（不端正的作风）226. Be taken aback 被惊到，吃了一惊227. 鸡

笼 coop，（鸡）咯咯叫 cackle， yell blue murder 大声惊呼，大惊小怪地叫嚷228. A glib tongue = a well-oiled tongue 油嘴滑舌的

229. Engrossed in doing …一心做，埋头干。。。

220. As something ingrained, it cannot be completely changed overnight.根深蒂固，不可能朝夕改正221. The discontinuance of heartbeat. 心脏停止了跳动222. Play up to bigwigs 奉承阿谀权贵之人/趋炎附

势 frame-up 陷害，捏造，诬陷222. Crystal clear 完全明白，极其清楚224. Hearing is not necessarily less credible than seeing. 耳听不一定为虚，眼见不一定为实225. The world over = worldwide 全世界（用作后置定语）226. Having blind faith in …盲目信仰，盲目相信……227. Far from being faultless. 远不是完美无缺的

228. To do somebody a (gross) injustice. （巨大的/严重地）冤枉某人，对某人不公229. Alms bowl 钵盂，和尚的金钵240. On no account 绝不 Seek a living for oneself 谋份生路 / 讨生活

241. Get up to mischief 玩闹，乱动242. Inadvertent 非故意的，不注意

的，疏忽的242. An illustrated edition 插图版244. Get wind of …耳闻，

听到……的风声245. Pay tribute to …歌颂，称

赞…… ask(play) riddles 猜谜语

246. The wretchedness of life and the hopeless situation caused him to ta ke to smoking, drinking and gambling. 悲惨的生活和绝望的处境使他

渐渐开始染上抽烟、酗酒和赌钱。247. With poverty came sickness. 病

随穷来。249. A great achievement to go down in history 千秋伟业

248. Utter falteringly 支支吾吾地说250. Be all for the best 结果会是好

（表面上看起来不好但）出于好意，到头来会是好事251. Wretch 可的，

怜的人，不幸的人，卑鄙的人252. More dead than alive 筋疲力尽，

累得要死 a heap of 一大堆，许多252. Umbilical cord 脐

带， placenta 胎盘，254. At the painful recollection 在痛苦的回忆当

儿……255. Hoe 锄头， shovel 铁铲， spade 铁锹， plough 犁，

256. At the crack of dawn，黎明时分，天刚破晓257. Nuptial(婚礼的，

结婚的) chamber = bridal chamber 洞房258. Indisposition 微恙，不舒

服，小病259. Time and again 屡次，常常

260. In view of the public and the personal concerns 于公于私，

261. Earn sb a niche at the temple of fame 名留青史

262. Overthrow the monarch and establish the republic 推翻帝制，建立

共和262. Unshirkable responsibility，无法逃避的责任，义不容辞之

责264. The Three People’s Principles 三民主义

265. The present international situation is capricious. 国际局势变幻无常。

266. Time will not stay and brief is the day, a long night invites bad drea ms. 来日苦短，夜长梦多，时不我待。

267. “For all the disasters the brotherhood has remained; a smile at meeti ng and enmity is banished.”渡尽劫波兄弟在，相逢一笑泯恩仇。268. It fills me with much concern to learn of …近闻……，颇感关切/甚为挂念

张培基英译现代散文选1

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