高中英语短语辨析集锦

高中英语短语辨析集锦




1. raise, rise

raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.

2. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk

3. spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间;

pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱

4. join, join in, take part in

join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；

take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.

5. learn, study

learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究

study the problem

6. want, hope, wish

want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.

7. discover, invent, find out

discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，

find out发现，查明 At last he found out the truth.

8. answer, reply

answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letter

9. leave, leave for

leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.

10. rob, steal

rob抢劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb.

11. shoot, shoot at

shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.

12. drop, fall

drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.

13. search, search for

search后接地点，search for后接东西 He searched his pocket for money.

14. used to, be used to

used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.

15. win, lose, beat

win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them

16. live on, live by

live on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生 live on fish/ live by fishing

17. beat, hit, strike

beat连续性地击打；hit打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下 beat the wings

18. meet, meet with

meet遇到，meet with体验到，遭遇到 meet with an accident

19. lose, miss

lose失去（具体的物体），错过 sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth. is missing,

miss the chance

20. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters

21. care about, care for

care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意

He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.

22. catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用，

而have a cold可以

She has had a cold for a week.

23. change for, change into

change for调换成，change into变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.

24. continue, last

二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动 The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.

25. feed, raise

feed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children)

raise the family

26131. go for a doctor, go to a doctor

go for a doctor去请医生，go to a doctor去看病

27. notice, observe, catch sight of

notice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catch sight of突然看到 observe the stars

28. insist on, stick to

insist on坚持要求，后常接doing, stick to坚持, 后常接sth. stick to the plan

29. look, seem, appear

look指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象 appear wise,

look like his father

30. gather, collect

gather把分散的东西集中到一起， collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集 collect stamps

31. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着

By this I mean giving the students more practice.

32. die from, die of

die from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，

寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold

33. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for为…付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt

34. divide, separate

divide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开

divide the apple, separate the houses

35. arrive, get, reach

arrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词

arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

36. grow, plant

grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物

plant the trees, trees are growing

37. manage, try

manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功

He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

38. choose, select

choose凭个人的判断力进行选择，select有目的地仔细认真地选择 choose the best answer

39. build, put up, set up, found

build一般用语，建成，put up临时搭建，set up建成（内部的设施基本齐全），

found国家或组织的建成 put up a tent, set up a school

40. be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物

The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.

41. agree with, agree to, agree on

agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见

，主语是复数 agree with you, agree to the plan

42. throw to, throw at throw to扔到…, throw at朝…扔 He throw a stone at me.

43. receive, accept

receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.

44. wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作

It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.

45. listen, hear listen强调动作，hear强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.

46. look, see, watch

look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV

47. lie, lay lie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book

48. work as, act as

work as工作是…，act as充当某种职务或身份，或扮演某种角色 He works as a teacher.

He acts as an interpreter.

49. move, remove

move动一动，但不一定移走，remove从一处移到另一处 remove the table to the kitchen

50. hurt, injure, wound

hurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤 He was wounded in the war.

51. turn, get, grow

turn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化

turn yellow, get tired, grow big

52. close, shut, turn off

close和shut当关解时可以通用，用于可开合的物体，turn off用于指有开关的物体

Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV.

53. set out, set about, set off

指出发，着手解时，set out 后接 to do，set about 后接doing, set off 后接 for sp.

54. begin, start

begin侧重时间的开始，反义词为end，start侧重由静到动的转折，反义词为stop

Class begins at 7:30a.m.

55. happen, take place

happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，take place必然性的发生

Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

56. increase to, increase by

increase to增长到…，increase by增长了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.