高考英语非谓语动词(总结 改错)

扶弱资料（六）

非谓语动词

所谓非谓语动词，就是指它们不能在句子中单独作谓语。但它们又具有动词的特征，即可以有宾语（如果是及物动词的话）、可以有时态和语态的变化、可以有自己的逻辑主语。同时，它们又具有名词的某些特征，即它们可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。

一、动词不定式:

1. 作主语:

To say something is one thing, to do it is another.

2. 作表语: My suggestion is to carry out the plan immediately.

3. 作宾语: He decided to buy a computer.

4. 作宾语补足语: Mr. Smith wants his son to become a lawyer.

[注]：在let, make, see, notice, hear等动词后面，作宾补的不定式均省去to. 如: He made a face and made everybody___________(laugh).

但是，在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式则要加上to.

如: We are made ________________(write) a composition every week by the teacher.

5. 作定语: He used to have a lot of meeting to attend.

[注]：当出现the first / second / last / only /best时，常跟不定式作定语

He was the first man _____________ (get) to school this morning.

6. 不定式作状语:To see what would happen, we stayed there.

二、分词（现在分词和过去分词）

1.___________ (be) poor, he couldn’t go to school.

2.We are interested in _____________ ( play) chess.

3.The question _____________________ (discuss) now is important.

4.The boy was afraid of ____________________ (leave) alone at home.

5.____________________ (work) in the country for three years, he knew how to grow vegetables.

注：现在分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前

（二）过去分词（只有一种时态与语态）

规则的：V-ed ；不规则的（记不规则动词表）

1. The boy went home with his homework _______________ (finish).

2. ___________ (see) from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.

现在分词和过去分词在语态和时间方面有较大区别：

现在分词表示的意义是主动的，进行的：the girl gathering flowers（正在采花的女孩）

过去分词表示的意义是被动的，完成的：the flowers gathered this morning（早晨采的花）

1. 作表语: The news is very exciting. / They are very excited at the news.

2. 作定语: Don’t disturb the sleeping child. / The arrested thief will be sentenced soon.

3. 作宾补: He likes to sit on the beach and watch the seagulls flying./ The work left everyone exhausted. [注]：有些动词如see, hear, feel, notice, watch等既可跟现在分词，也可跟不带to的不定式作复合宾语。它们的区别在于：现在分词着重说明动作正在发生；不定式着重说明动作的全过程

I saw the boys climbing the wall. 我看见孩子在爬墙。

I saw the boys climb the wall. 我看见孩子爬墙了。

4. 作状语: They stood there waiting for the bus

Hearing the knock on the door, they stopped talking.

Asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.

Compare:

1._______________ (follow) the old man, we went upstairs

2. ________________ (follow) by the old man, we went upstairs.

三、动名词（V-ing）

1.作主语和表语

动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：

Seeing is believing. / My hobby is collecting stamps.

[注]：在“It is no use (good)”等习惯表达法中，常用形式主语“it”

It is no use quarreling with her. / Is it worthwhile trying again?

2.作宾语在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，

则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：

We don't allow_______________ (smoke) here．

We don't allow anybody ________________ (smoke) here

3. 作介词宾语

Have you got used to working on the night shift（值班）?

Children are fond of reading detective stories.

[注]某些习惯用法中，常省略介词，仅保留动名词

He is busy (in) preparing a report.

They spent a lot of time (in) making preparation.

We had great difficulty / trouble (in) finding his house.

非谓语动词需要注意的几个问题:

（一）、不定式的逻辑主语

一般的结构为for+名词+不定式，如：

It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese. I found it impossible _____ him to do the job alone.

但在表示人物性格，特征等的形容词后kind, brave, careful, clever, foolish, honest, kind, polite, rude, stupid, wise，常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语，如：

It was wise of him to do that. It was very brave ________ him to catch the thief.

（二）、不定式的主动式还是被动式

作定语时，当句中出现的名词或代词是不定式动作的执行者时，用主动式

I have a meeting to attend. The teacher gave John a book to read,

若不定式动作执行者不是上述情况，而是其他人，用被动态：Here are the clothes to be washed

（三）、有些动词虽然既可跟不定式又可跟动名词作宾语，但意义差别较大

如；a) remember to do （记住要做某事）, remember doing（记得曾做过某事）

b) forget to do （忘记要做某事）, forget doing （忘记曾做过某事）

c) regret to do （因要做某事感到不安）, regret doing（因做了某事感到后悔）

（四）、分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。这类词常见的有：

interesting令人感兴趣的--interested感到有趣的；exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的；disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的（五）、admit, advise, avoid, can't help, consider, delay, deny, escape, enjoy, finish, feel like, imagine, mind, practise, risk, suggest等动词以及所有带介词的短语动词后面只能跟动名词做宾语。

The boy was lucky enough to escape being punished.

（六）、look forward to, pay attention to, stick to, devote …to, make contributions to, get/be used to, object to 中的to是介词，因而其后接动名词做宾语，不要误用动词不定式。

(1) I'm looking forward to seeing you again.

(2) Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting up some schools for poor children.

（七）、主动形式表示被动意义

①动词want, need, require后作宾语的动名词的主动形式。这时句中的动名词与句子的主语有逻辑上

的动宾关系。例：The TV set wants ( / needs / requires) fixing.

= The TV set wants ( / needs / requires) to be fixed.

②形容词worth后接的v -ing的主动形式。例：The film is worth seeing.

③某些作表语的形容词（如easy, difficult, hard等）后接的不定式主动形式。例：

This question is easy to answer.（＝To answer this question is easy.）

语法填空--- 高考真题回顾

（一）、全国卷：

真题再练：在下列各句空白处填入所给词的正确形式，并说明理由。

1.(2015卷I·68) Yangshuo is really beautiful. A study of travelers ___________ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.

2.(2015卷I·70) Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _______ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

3.(2015卷II·61) The adobe dwellings(土坯房) ______ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by…

4.(2015卷II·64) In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition”a house without ______ (use) electric equipment.

5.(2015卷II·66) When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _______ (cool) the house during the hot day.

6.(2014卷I·65) But the river wasn’t changed in a few days or even a few months. It took years of work _________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.

7.(2014卷I·68) While there are ________ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.

8.(2014卷II·41) One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about ______ (be) late for school.

9.(2014卷II·43) There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and ______________ (disappoint).

10.(2014卷II·46) I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _________(stop) until we reached the next stop.

语法填空--- 强化训练

用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：

1.We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ___________ (think) that all children like

these things. (05全国二)

2.___________ (face) with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.（05北京春招）

3.I couldn't do my homework with all that noise ________________ (go ) on.（05北京）

4. With everything he needed ________________ (buy), he left the supermarket.

5. With too much work ______________( do ), I can’t go out with you.

6. The building ________________ (build) now will be a restaurant.

7. The building _________________ (build) next year will be a restaurant.

8. The building _______________ (build) last year is a restaurant.

9. Don't sit there____________ (do) nothing. Come and help me with this table.

10. All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to __________ (receive) in time for Christmas.

11. Lessons ___________________(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.

12. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and ________________ (collect) coins also gives him great pleasure.

13. Eugene is never willing to change his mind. It's no use _____________ (argue) with him.

14. He was the only foreigner _________________( get ) such an honor yesterday.

15. I can't stand __________(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ____________ (stop) talking

while she works.

短文错误--- 高考真题回顾

1. (2015新课标卷II) After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that ……

2. (2013新课标卷II) Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner.

3.(2012新课标卷) My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience, I could make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.

短文错误--- 强化训练

（1）David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car. （全国卷）

（2）David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village. （全国卷）

（3）I went back to get David and helped him to stood up. （全国卷）

（4）Charles and Linda Mason do all of these things as well as climbed building. （全国卷）

（5）Modern people know more about health, have better food, and to live in clearer surroundings. （全国卷）（6）The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world. （7）…you pay the cost of send a postcard，the librarian will write to you. （全国卷）

（8）…and let you to know when the book you want has returned（全国卷）

（9）I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays. （全国卷）

（10）I had always wanted return to the village after moving away. （全国卷）

（11）It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.（全国卷）（12）I look forward to hear from you soon. （全国卷）

（13）Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of …. （全国卷）（14）I was often a little tired after a day‘s work and watch TV demands very little effort. （全国卷）（15）I‘d like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning. （北京春季卷）

（16）I‘ll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it. （北京春季卷）

高中英语辅导---基础篇

参考答案

一、动词不定式: 4. 如，laugh如，to write 5. to get

二、分词

（一）V-ing 形式 1. Being poor 2. playing 3. being disscussed 4. being left 5. Having worked （二）过去分词finished Seen

4. 作状语 1. Following 2. Followed

三、动名词 2. smoking; to smoke

需要注意的几个问题:

（一）、不定式的逻辑主语for

语法填空--- 高考真题回顾

（一）、全国卷：1. conducted 2. living 3. built 4. using 5. to cool

6. to reduce

7. amazing

8. being

9. disappointed 10. to stop

语法填空--- 强化训练

用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：

1. thinking

2. Faced

3. going

4. bought

5. to do

6. being built

7. to be built

8. built

9. doing 10. be received 11. learnt / learned

12. collecting 13. arguing 14. to get 15. working ;

短文错误--- 高考真题回顾

1. 把looks改为looking

2. 把Have改为Having

3. 把to 去掉

短文错误--- 强化训练

（1）（wanted 后加to，因为want 后要接不定式）（全国卷）

（2）（leading 改为lead，因为其前有助动词would）（全国卷）

（3）（stood 改为stand，因为to stand up 在此为不定式结构）（全国卷）

（4）（climbed 改为climb / climbing，若将as well as 视为连词，则将climbed 改为climb，因为它与其前的do 并列；若将as well as 视为介词，则climbing，因为介词后动词用动名词）（全国卷）

（5）（去掉live 前的to，因为live 与其前的know，have 并列）（全国卷）

（6）（improve前加to，to improve…为表目的的不定式短语）（全国卷）

（7）（send改为sending，因为介词后接动名词作宾语）（全国卷）

（8）（去掉know 前的to，因为其前有动词let）（全国卷）

（9）（have改为having，因为介词后接动名词作宾语）（全国卷）

（10）return前加to，因为want 后要接不定式）（全国卷）

（11）（drove改为drive，因为drive 与其前的to meet 并列，此处的drive 为省略to 的不定式）（全国卷）

（12）（hear改为hearing，因为其前的to 是介词）（全国卷）

（13）（第一个play改为playing，因为动词原形不能用作主语）（全国卷）

（14）（watch改为watching，因为动词原形不能用作主语）（全国卷）

（15）（come 前加to，因为would like 后接不定式）（北京春季卷）

（16）（prepare 改为preparing，因为它与其前的reading 并列，与其前所用的动词spend 有关）

高考英语短文改错破题技巧学生用

高考英语短文改错破题技巧(1) 短文改错题中的常见错误类型 1.动词： （1）主要考察能力：时态语态错误、主谓是否一致（第三人称单数）、动词的非谓语形式、固定搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。 （2）出题形式： ①时态混用 ie, Then the trouble started. We can not open the door. So we asked the policeman for help. ②主谓不一致 ie, There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening. ③固定搭配 ie, I have given up somke. The dog doesn’t like the smell. 练习：1. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon ... 2. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person. 3. How about join us? The camp is at the foot of a small hill. 4. I’ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport. 2. 时态、语态方面的错误 这类错误主要为现在时态与过去时态、主动语态与被动语态的误用。做题时，应注意把握文中动词时态的呼应规律，注意把握诸个并列动词的时态、语态的呼应规律。例如: 1. We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before. 2. Today，I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college. 3. We hung a sign on the front door that was read: “We’re having dinner ...” 4.... sometimes all that is need is someone to rely on. 5. I’ll send my friend Charlie to meet you at the airport when you arrived. 3.主谓一致方面的错误 这类错误主要指主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词形式的错误。因此做题时，要注意谓语动词的形式要和句子主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如: 1. “I just want to know what the sign say.” 2. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish. 3. Here are the information about Manchester University. 4. What may surprise you are that I’m going to ... 4.名词： （1）主要考察能力：名词单复数形式的误用，可数名词与不可数名词的错误，名词所有格中“’s”的误置等。 （2）出题形式： 单复数混用ie, Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy. 讲解：“年龄多大了”应该为复数形式，应此应该把year改为years。

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(过去分词)

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词（动名词） 敬告： 以下内容，不参加高考等有语法题（语法单选、语法填空、短文改错等）考试的应用类学员无须深究，知道该语法结构的存在，及其充当的句子成分和功能即可，应多花时间练习听说读写，否则就背离了语言学习真正目的。应试类学员有时间可以比较分析，基本搞懂。 过去分词长什么样？规则的情况下与动词过去式相同，当然有不规则的情况；过去分词可以充当定语、状语、补语、定语，不可能充当主语、宾语； 过去分词不像现在分词有多种体现时态和语态的形式，只有一种形式done表示。 1、过去分词可以充当主谓宾补句型中的宾语补语；它与宾语是被动关系，或者说它与宾语是动宾关系。 (1) We found the fish eaten by our cat. (2) I can’t make myself understood because of my poor English. 2、过去分词可以充当定语；充当定语当然是修饰主语、宾语等名性的结构；表达过去分词的动作是被动的或完成，或即被动又完成的。 (1) The party had last night (which was had last night) was very cheerful. (2) USA is a developed country (a country which has been developed). (3) A great number of students questioned (who had been questioned) said they were forced to practice the piano. 3、过分词可以充当状语，它与主句主语是被动关系，或者说它与主句的主语是动宾关系； 过去分词一般只强调被动动作而不强调时间，多用于条件和原因状语；(1) Taken in time, the medicine will turn out to be very effective. If the medicine is taken in time, it will turn out to be very effective. (2) Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.

历年高考英语真题分类1997-2019 全国卷 短文改错

1997-2019年高考全国卷短文改错汇编 NMET 1997 Dear Bob, Hello.I learn about you from my English teacher, Miss Fang. I’d like to your penfriend, and get to know more about your country. First, let me tell you something more about myself. My name is Li Hua. I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. I go Hongqi Middle School. We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics. I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. Do you play any ball games? What your favorite sport? I look forward to hear from you soon. Yours, Li Hua NMET 1998 My Favorite Sport My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our school football team. We practise for three times every week and often watch football match on TV together. Play football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. We must keep mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience (服从). Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game. NMET 1999 The Problem with Television Now I can’t watch much television but a few years ago I was used to watch it every night. I was often a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV demands very little effort. Unfortunate, there are too many people among my family. Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing and there was no way of settle the matter except by selling the TV set. Now someone at home reads instead. 2000 春季 Dear Peter, Thanks very much on inviting me to your birthday party on Sunday. I’d like very much come but had an examination on Monday morning. It is a very important exam but I can’t afford to fail it. I’ll spend all the whole weekend reading and prepare for it. So I’m really sorry that I won’t be able to come in this time. Hope you can understand. I’ll take this chance wish you wonderful time on your birthday. Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! Yours, Li Ming NMET 2000 The day before the speech contest (比赛) English teacher talked to me. She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success, but it didn’t matter that I would win or not. When I was in the stage the next day, I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. There were so many people present! Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. She was smiling but nodding at me. I remembered her words and calm down. I did a good job and won the first prize. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. 2001年（全国卷II） Like most of my schoolmates, I have either brothers nor sisters, in any other words, I am an only child. My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. They did not want me to do any work at family; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. We may be one family and live under a same roof, but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together. It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. Do they really understand their own daughter? What things are in other homes, I wonder. 2002年（全国卷II） Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animal. The weather was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. On

非谓语动词单句改错题：

各种从句单句改错题： 1. I can't understand all what he said. 2. Which is known to all, my school is a good one. 3. Is this school that you visited yesterday 4. I'll never forget the day when I spent in that village. 5. This is the factory in that I once worked. 6. I don't like anything which he gave me. 7. I still remember the places and the people whom I saw there. 8. She prefers such books like that one. 9. That he did is not right. 10. The fact which he was ill made us worried. 11. He said he will stay here for some time. 12. Teacher told us that the moon turned around the earth. 13. Please tell me what the matter was. 14. I don't understand how did he do it. 15. The problem is we are short of money. 16. The reason why he was late was because he was iii. 17. Spring is coming, because trees are getting green. 18. For he was ill, he was absent. 19. He died until last year. 20. I won't go unless it is not fine tomorrow. 主谓一致单句改错题： 1. Your family is very kind. I’ll never forget the favor you’ve done me. 2. When and where to build the new school haven’t been decided. 3. Three quarters of the land is covered with green grass while the rest are covered withpine trees. was standing at the side of the car，talking to two men who was helping him to repair it. 5. On each side of the street stands a lot of trees. 6. Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. 7. The students in our school each has known the meaning of WTO. 8. The number of people who own cars are increasing. 9. Such people as he is to be punished. were Tom and John who played a trick on the old man. not all information are good to society. evening she told me that something happened when their parents was out. 13. Her parents were in Shanghai， and so was his. 14. As is known to us all， remembering English words are not easy.

高考英语短文改错技巧总结版,考生必看!

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高考英语短文改错测试重点及分类解析 第一章短文改错测试重点及分类解析 根据短文改错的命题特点，我们可以按照以下四步进行备考快速练习。 第一步：审题。通读全文，了解大意。全面把握文章整体(时态、题材及容)。 第二步：重读全文，应先确定一些明显的错误，以便疏通短文，化繁为简，为后面解题打开思路。许多问题可在这一阶段得到解决。从词法、句法到行文逻辑三方面着手，逐句而不是逐行地分析、找错。 第三步：综观全篇，看错误类型的比例是否得当、前后逻辑是否一致、有无前后矛盾等现象。 第四步：认真检查，避免出现以下错误：符号不规；一个词改为几个或几个改为一个；该大写的未大写；合成词只改了其中一部分等。 下面，我们根据词性不同，来对改错题目进行分类解析。 第一节名词 在短文改错中见到名词时，应检查是否有数、格及名词前限定词用法等错误。汉语中的名词在形式上无复数变化，而是通过在名词前加数词来表示；英语则不同，除了在名词前加数词之外，如果是可数名词，还应将该名词变为复数形式。 1. 检查句中名词的单复数形式是否符合句意。 2. 检查句中有无可数名词和不可数名词的误用。 3. 检查句中有无所有格的误用。 4. 检查句中有无名词前限定词的误用。 练习 请改正下列句子中的语法错误，注意名词的使用。 1. He is on good term with me. 2. He is a generous fellow, and will soon make friend with you again. 3. His opinion is considered to be great value. 4. He sent his daughter to a girl’s high school. 5. Give me three spoonful of sugar. 6. His eyes are as blue as a Scandinavian. 7. A few peoples live to be a hundred years old. 8. Aunt Mary returned home after ten year’s absence. 9. He is a friend of my brother. 10. The observation of the law is the first duty of every citizen. 注释 1. term → terms, term的复数形式表示条件、关系， on good terms with...意为“与……关系良好”。 2. friend → friends, make friends with...与某人交朋友。 3. be great value → be of great value, val ue是名词， be of+名词=be+形容词。即of great value=greatly valuable。 4. girl’s → girls’，女子高中是a girls’ high school。 5. spoonful → spoonfuls, spoonful是可数名词。 6. scandinavian → Scandinavian’s。. 7. peoples → people此处people作“人讲”，是复数名词。 8. year’s → years’。 9. b rother → brother’s应是brother’s friends, 其后做了省略。

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2019年高考英语短文改错专题--非谓语动词（含答案） his father died, left the family even worse off. will have trouble learn English well in a year. crossing the street,she was killed by an ambulance speeded by. ’s up to you decide whether to eat out or at home. our way home,we couldn't help to talking about what we had experienced. accepting for the job, you’ll be informed soon. host parents took good care of us,which made us feeling at home. warned of the danger in the street at night, she went home with a friendaccompanying her. took me a little while figure out these differences,but it was fun. must take some measures to preserve the endangered animals from killed. ’m looking forward to hear from you as soon as possible. fact, Americans make go to the baseball game a favorite summer outing nowadays. did all thatI could express myself clearly but my speech was a total failure. should have the courage to admit have broken the window. in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood,the house is big enough to enable you to have a room of your own. father as well as his three children goes skating on the freezing river every Sunday afternoon in winter. had to look for a place along the street to get his bicycle repairing. their hats into the air,the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. to the escaped driver,I am proud of what I did. woman was observed follow him closely.

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例：He is good at sing songs.正解：sing—singing 5 人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等用法。 例：The book is her.正解：her—hers 6 词性的变化。 例：John deep believed that the God knows everything.正解：deep—deeply 7 并列连词、从属连词的用法。 例：She insisted that the boy told was a lie.正解：that—what 8 形容词、副词以及比较级与最高级的用法。 例：They all exacting by the exacted news.正解：exacting—exacted ; exacted—exacting 9 固定搭配与习惯用法。 例：It happened all of sudden.正解：of 后加a 11、句法的测试： 12 考察英语的一致性现象，主要包括：主谓不一致、代词不一致、

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