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2009~2010年英语专业八级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2009年英语专业八级真题及详解

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2009)

-GRADE EIGHT-

TIME LIMIT: 150 MIN PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]

SECTION A MINI-LECTURE

In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

Now, listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.

Writing Experimental Reports

I. Content of an experimental report, e.g.

—study subject/ area

—study purpose (1) _____ (1) _____

II. Presentation of an experimental report

—providing details

—regarding readers as (2) _____ (2) _____ III. Structure of an experimental report

—feature: highly structured and (3) _____ (3) _____

—sections and their content:

INTRODUCTION (4) _____; why you did it (4) _____

(5) _____ how you did it (5) _____

RESULTS what you found out

(6) _____ what you think it shows (6) _____

IV. Sense of readership

—(7) _____: reader is the marker (7) _____

—(8) _____: reader is an idealized, hypothetical, intelligent (8) _____

person with little knowledge of your study

—tasks to fulfill in an experimental report:

·introduction to relevant area

·necessary (9) _____ (9) _____

·development of clear arguments

·definition of (10) _____ (10) _____

·precise description of data (11) _____ (11) _____ V. Demands and expectations in report writing

—early stage:

·(12) _____ of study subject/area and its implications (12) _____

·basic grasp of (13) _____ (13) _____

—later stage:

·(14) _____ on research significance (14) _____

—things to avoid in writing INTRODUCTION:

·(15) _____ of research justification for the study (15) _____

【答案与解析】

(1) study result/findings

(细节题。这篇演讲稿主要是介绍如何写实验报告。在第二段中，作者提到“All report is, ...like what you did, why you did it, what you found out in the process and so on”，从中可以得出实验报告的内容包括研究主题、研究目的以及研究结果。根据题干

中的信息，此处可以填入study result或study findings。)

(2) unknowledgeable audiences

(细节题。作者在第二段最后一句提到“...you’ll need to spell out the details and assume little knowledge of the area on the part of your audience”，题干中，“as”

后需填入一个与“readers”并列的名词，且为复数形式，所以答案为unknowledgeable audiences。)

(3) disciplined

(细节题。第一段第三句介绍实验报告的基本结构时，作者讲到“A highly structured and disciplined report is written in sections...”，可见实验报告的另一特点是“disciplined”。)

(4) what you did

(细节题。作者把实验报告分为引言、方法、结论、讨论四部分，本题主要涉及引言部分。

演讲者提到引言里出现的内容是你做过什么和为什么做，所以可以直接提取答案what you did。)

(5) METHOD

(细节题。原文提到“How you did it is in the method section and what you found out is in the results section”，所以这里提到的“how you did it”是在METHOD板块。)

(6) DISCUSSION

(细节题。在讲讨论部分时，作者提到“...what you think it shows appears in the discussion part”。由于此处与上文的“INTRODUCTION”“METHOD”“RESULTS”

并列，故答案为DISCUSSION。)

(7) a common mistake

(细节题。演讲者在介绍写报告时的一些基本规则时主要强调要关注读者，此处针对报告者常犯的错误设题。演讲者提到常见的错误是认为读者是给报告打分的人，所以直接得出答案为a common mistake。)

(8) in reality

(细节题。前面一句中作者讲到一个普遍的错误是我们认为实验报告的读者就是给我们打分的人，紧接着作者笔锋一转，提到“In reality, however, the marker will be assessing your report on behalf of someone else, an idealized, hypothetical person...”由此可见答案为in reality。)

(9) background information

(细节题。演讲者讲到，为了更好地把实验报告展示给读者，必须注意五点，此处针对报告应注意的五点事项设题。其中第二点提到“provided the reader with the background necessary to understand what you did and why you did it”，也就是要提供给读者必要的背景信息。)

(10) technical terms

(细节题。第四点提到“defined technical terms”，所以要对一些术语进行定义，故答案为technical terms。)

(11) collecting and analyzing

(细节题。在讲到第五点时演讲者说到“provided precise details of the way in which you went about collecting and analyzing the data that you obtained”。原文中collecting and analyzing与data是动宾关系，题目中将collecting and analyzing 作为data的后置定语。)

(12) understanding

(细节题。讲座中提到“At this early stage, you will be expected mainly to show that you understand what you did in your report and its implications”，所以在初期阶段，主要是表现你了解报告中的内容及其含义，故填入understanding。) (13) the report’s format

(细节题。紧接上题，原文提到“at least a basic grasp of the demands of the report’s format”，所以要基本掌握报告的格式，即the report’s format。) (14) focus/emphasis

(细节题。演讲中提到要关注报告的意义，即“Later on, however, you will be expected to pay more attention to this research significance of what you did...”。原文用的动词是“pay more attention to”，根据题干中的“on”可知，这里要填入focus或emphasis。)

(15) lack

(细节题。演讲中提到写实验报告必须注意两点，此处针对第二点注意事项设题，即现在进行的研究缺乏正当的研究理由，可直接从文中得出答案为lack。)

【录音原文】

Writing Experimental Reports

Good morning, everyone. Today we’ll discuss some preliminaries concerning how to write experimental reports. When you first signed up for a course in university like a psychology course, chances are that you didn’t really expect what was coming in your study, particularly the course emphasis on methodology and statistics. For a few of you, this may have come as a pleasant surprise, provided that

you’ve already known something about the course. For most, however, I dare say it will undoubtedly have been a shock to the system. No doubting in other parts of your course study, you will read books and journals examining critically models in theories, assumptions and hypothesis put forward by scholars and specialists. My task today is to help you understand some of the important features of the experimental reports, because you will have to write up some kind of report of this nature if your course gives prominence to practical work, especially experimenting.

[1]Then what is an experimental report? All report is, really is the place in which you tell the story of your study, like what you did, why you did it, what you found out in the process and so on. In doing this, you are more like an ancient story teller, whose stories were structured in accordance with widely recognized and long established conventions than the modern novelist who is free to dictate form as well as content. Moreover, like the story teller of old, although you will inevitably be telling your story to someone who knows quite a bit about it already, you are expected to present it as if it had never been heard before. [2]This means that you’ll need to spell out the details and assume little knowledge of the area on the part of your audience.

Then perhaps you may ask what the nature of the conventions governing the report is. A clue I think can be found in its basic structure. [3]A highly structured and disciplined report is written in sections, and the sections by and large follow an established sequence. What it means is that, in the telling your story is to be cut up into chunks. Different parts of the story are to appear in different places in the

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