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巴拿马运河船舶要求

巴拿马运河船舶要求
巴拿马运河船舶要求

OPNOTICE TO SHIPPING No. N-1-2016

To: Shipping Agents, Owners and Operators 船舶代理,船东和操作员Subject: Vessel Requirements 船舶要求

1. Effective Date and Cancellation生效日期和撤销

This Notice is effective on the date of issue and cancels OP Notice to Shipping No. N-1-2015. A revised Notice will be issued in January of each year or when otherwise required. This revision includes the following changes: 本通报自发布之日起生效,并撤销了海事主任第N-1-2015号通报。每年的1月,或当有必要时,将发布修订通报。。

(1) The ACP-OP mailing address was updated, on p. 3. 更新了ACP-OP邮寄地址,在段落3

(2) Items a, b, c, d, e and f were incorporated into the Relevant Information for Canal Customers section, on pages 4 to 7. a, b, c, d, e 和f 被纳入运河相关信息

(3) Table I was modified, on p. 17. 修改了表格I,在段落17

(4) Table II, III and V were updated, on pages 20, 21 and 22, respectively. 更新了表格II,III和V,分别在20,21,22页

(5) Paragraphs 4.e (4) (e), (f) and (g) were eliminated, p. 31. 消除4.e (4) (e), (f) 和(g)

(6) Subsection 4.o, Main Propulsion Systems, was modified on p. 36. 段落4.o主推进系统,在段落36修改。

(7) The ACP/TOLL BASIS certificate was introduced in Section 14, on p. 56. ACP/TOLL BASIS证书在14节介绍。

(8) The Electronic Data Collection System (EDCS) was replaced by the Maritime Service Portal. 电子数据采集系统用海事服务门户代替

(9) The e-mail address on paragraph 19.b was modified, on p. 65. 修改了段落19.b的邮箱地址

(10) Paragraph 25.e was added, on p. 70. 增加段落25.e

(11) Section 30, Vessel Requirements for the New Panama Canal Locks, was added, on p. 73. 30节,增加新巴拿马运河闸门船舶要求

(12) Annex 4, New Locks Clearance Diagram, was added on p. 82. 附件4,增加新船闸限界图

2. Purpose and Scope目的和范围

The purpose of this document is to inform the shipping community of the procedures and amplifications necessary to implement the Maritime Regulations for the Operation of the Panama Canal (MROPC). Please be advised that non-compliance with Panama Canal rules and regulations may subject vessels to unnecessary delays or denial of transit. The Panama Canal Authority (ACP) may order deviations from these rules if special circumstances so warrant. Please refer to the Table of Contents on pages 9 through 11. 本文件的目的是向航运界提供为了执行巴拿马运河操作海事规范而需注意的程序和重点。请注意,不遵守巴拿马运河的规章制度,可能会使船舶不必要的延误或拒绝过境。巴拿马运河管理局在遇到特殊情况时,也可能作出与这些规定有偏离的决定。请参阅目录表。

3. Organization and Responsibility机构与职责

The Executive Vice Presidency for Operations (272-4500, fax: 272-3892), under the Executive Vice President for Operations, is the organizational department of the Panama Canal Authority responsible for the control of maritime traffic through the Canal and its terminal ports, and through which all ACP services to shipping are handled. Following is a summary of the Executive Vice Presidency for Operations’units which, due to their functions, often require contact with agents, operators and owners: 运营执行副主席(272-4500,传真:272-3892),从属运作执行副总裁,是巴拿马运河管理局的组织部门,负责处理有关运河及其终端港的通航事宜。以下是执行副主席的操作单位,由于他们的功能与船东、船舶运营人和代理人有经常的联系:

a. The Transit Operations Division (272-4211, fax: 272-4288), headed by the Transit Operations Division executive manager, is responsible for the immediate direction of daily maritime operations, emergency response and recovery, supervision and enforcement of rules and regulations governing the navigation of the Canal, approval of new construction compliance with chocks and bitts, boarding facilities, wheelhouse design features and visibility requirements, and for ensuring that vessels arriving for transit are properly equipped. Additionally, the unit is responsible for matters involving the safety aspects of vessel traffic flow and control, vessel material conditions and inspections, hazardous cargo, Canal physical conditions, and emergency response for fires or oil/chemical spills. The responsibilities of the Transit Operations Division executive manager are exercised through the Canal port captain on duty. 运输操作部(272-4211, 传真: 272-4288),由运输操作部总经理领导,负责处理日常的海事管理和紧急海事事故,监督实施运河航行规则合格条例,审批新的结构设计(包括导缆钳和系缆柱,登船设施,驾驶室设计和能见度要求等)以确保到来待航的船舶已正确地装备。此外,负责对船舶交通流和控制的安全方面的事项,船舶材料状态和检查,危险货物,运河的物理状况,以及火灾或石油/化学泄漏的紧急响应。执行经理的责任是通过运河港口值班船长执行。

b. The Marine Traffic Control Unit (272-4201, fax: 272-3976, ETA@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,), headed by the Traffic Management Unit manager, is responsible for processing ETA information, preparation of the daily transit schedule, monitoring and coordinating all vessel movements within Canal operating areas, and administering the Panama Canal Transit Booking System. 海上交通管制组(272-4201, 传真: 272-3976, ETA@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,)由交通管理组经理领导,负责处理预计到达时间信息,编制每天的通航计划,监督并协调所有在运河区内船舶的移动,管理巴拿马运河通航预约系统。

c. The Admeasurement and Billing Unit (272 4567, fax: 272 5514, OPTC-A@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,), headed by the Admeasurement Unit manager, is responsible for ascertaining the correct Panama Canal tonnage of vessels transiting the Canal, ascertaining and auditing the Total TEU Allowance (TTA) on full container vessels and Number of TEUs Transported (NTT) on other vessels with on-deck carrying capacity, maximum number of berth on passenger vessels and the maximum displacement on warships, dredges and floating dry-docks; boarding and clearing of vessels for medical surveillance, general ship inspections, gathering information for the Ship Data Bank, and generating billing invoices for transits and related services. 丈量和开账单处(272 4567, fax: 272 5514, OPTC-A@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,)。由丈量处处长领导,负责确定船舶在通过运河时具有准确的巴拿马运河吨位,确定并审计在全集装箱船上的整个标准箱限额,在其他平台装载能力船的标准箱运输数量,客船上卧铺最大数量和战船上最大排水量,一般船舶检查,收集资料提交给船舶数据库,并为通航及相关服务出具收款单据。

D.The Board of Inspectors (272-3403, fax: 272-3548), headed by the Board of Inspectors chairman, is responsible for the official inquiry and examination into the circumstances surrounding marine accidents which occur in Canal waters involving Authority personnel and/or equipment. In addition, this office is responsible for the certification of marine credentials of Authority employees. 验船师委员会,由委员会主席领导,负责对发生在运河水区涉及机关人员和设备的海事事故进行正式调查和处理。此外,负责对管理委员会雇员签发海事方面的证件。

Finally, vessel transits are a joint effort. In addition to the responsibilities of the units outlined above, vessel owners, operators, agents, officers and crews are responsible for compliance with Canal rules and regulations. Cooperation of all concerned parties is necessary to ensure a safe and efficient transit. 船舶通过运河是一种共同努力的结果。除了上述各机关应各尽其职守外,还要求船东、经营人、代理人和船员遵守运河各项规章制度。各有关方面的合作对于确保安全面有效地通航是十分必要的。

4. Communication Channels联系方法

Direct communication with the Executive Vice Presidency for Operations’ units may be established by the following means: 可以采用下列方法与海事局的各下属单位取得直接联系:

a. MAIL: AUTORIDAD DEL CANAL DE PANAMA (ACP) 邮件:巴拿马运河管理委员会

(Name, position and title)

ACP-OP

P.O. Box 526725

Miami FL 33152-6725

b. FACSIMILE: (Name of Unit) 传真

(Fax numbers listed on the previous page.) 传真号码已列在上一节中

c. TELEPHONE: (Telephone numbers listed on the previous page.) 电话:电话号码列在上页中

d. INTERNATIONAL COUNTRY CODE – For fax and telephone: 507 国际国家代码

e. TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT UNIT – Via e-mail: ETA@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, 交通管理处

f. RADIO PRATIQUE MESSAGES – Via e-mail: optc-arp@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, 无线电检疫信息

g. DRAWING SUBMITALS – Via e-mail: opts-an@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, or in compact

disk or printed form directly to: 图纸建议

Courier mail: AUTORIDAD DEL CANAL DE PANAMA 专送邮件

División de Operaciones de Tránsito (OPTS)

Edificio 910, La Boca

Balboa, Panama

Republic of Panama

(Telephones: 272-4191/4296)

Regular mail: AUTORIDAD DEL CANAL DE PANAMA 普通邮件

División de Operaciones de Tránsito (OPTS)

Balboa, Panama

Republic of Panama

The drawings submitted via e-mail or disk should be saved preferably in PDF or TIFF file format, or in a file format compatible with AUTOCAD. All drawing and letter files are to be compressed together into one zip file using the WinZip file compression software. 通过邮件或磁盘提交的图纸应该用PDF或TIFF格式保存,或者用CAD格式保存。所有图纸和文件压缩成一个压缩文件。

h. For admeasurement purposes the drawings shall be submitted to: ACPShipplans@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, at least 96 hours prior to arrival at Panama Canal Waters in PDF or AUTOCAD formats only, in one

plan (not section). 为了丈量目的,图纸应该在达到巴拿马运河水域前至少96小时以PDF或CAD格式提交邮箱ACPShipplans@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,

5. Relevant Information for Canal Customers相关信息

a. New Panama Canal Tolls Structure 新巴拿马运河通行费结构

The following modifications to the pricing structure were approved for the different segments in order to meet and align with the diverse vessel types transiting the Canal. 以下价格结构的修改被批准用于不同节段以满足符合通过运河不同类型的船只。

Full container vessels will continue to be measured and priced based on TEU capacity and TEUs loaded with cargo. 集装箱船舶将基于标准箱容量和装载货物标准箱持续测量并定价。

Dry bulk carriers will be priced based on deadweight tonnage, and if transiting the Neopanamax locks, on deadweight tonnage and the amount of cargo carried in metric tons. 干散货船将基于载重吨位定价,如果运输船闸,载重吨位和货物数量以公吨计量。

Tanker vessels will be measured and priced based on Panama Canal Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) tons, and if transiting the Neopanamax locks, on PC/UMS plus the amount of cargo carried in metric tons. 油轮将基于巴拿马运河普通测量系统测量和定价,如果运输Neopanamax locks,巴拿马运河普通测量系统加货物数量以公吨计量。

Chemical tanker (IMO Type 1) vessels will continue to be priced based on PC/UMS. 化学品船将基于巴拿马运河普通测量系统持续定价

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) carriers will be priced based on cargo-carrying capacity in cubic meters. 液化天然气和液化石油气船基于装货容量定价

Vehicle carriers and Ro-Ro vessels will be priced based on PC/UMS tons, taking into consideration the percentage of utilization of the cargo-carrying capacity of the vessel (ratio of the cargo weight in metric tons and the deadweight (TM/DWT) of the vessel) for each transit. 运输船和滚装船将基于巴拿马运河普通测量系统吨位定价,考虑到船舶货物运输能力的利用率(公吨货物重量比率和船舶载重)

Units of measurement for passenger, refrigerated cargo, general cargo, and ―others‖ vessel segments, including small craft (those charged with minimum tolls), will remain unchanged. 对客船、冷藏货物、杂货和“其他”船舶段的计量单位,包括小工艺(那些收取最低通行费的),将保持不变。

Additionally, a new Intra-Maritime Cluster segment was created, which includes vessels dedicated to local tourism, marine bunkering and container transshipment that do not compete with international trade. Customers interested in becoming part of this segment are required to submit Form 5595, available at https://https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,/common/maritime/forms/5595.pdf, to the Procedures and Maritime Customer Liaison Office, located on the first floor, Building 729, Balboa, Republic of Panama. 此外,创建了一个新的海事集群段,包括致力于不与国际贸易竞争的当地旅游、海洋船舶加油和集装箱转运的船舶。对这形成部分感兴趣的客户需要提交表格5595,在

https://https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,/common/maritime/forms/5595.pdf可获得,海上客户联络办公室位于一楼,729大楼,巴波兰,巴拿马。

The new tolls structure also includes a customer-loyalty program for those vessels in the full container segment that frequently transit the Canal, whereby a preferential tariff will be applied once a particular TEU volume has been reached and a roundtrip ballast fee for the LNG segment. The

LNG vessels will be eligible if the return transit in ballast through the Panama Canal is made within sixty days after the laden transit was completed. 新的收费结构还包括一个经常过境运河的在完整的集装箱段的船舶客户忠诚度程序,一旦达到特别的标准箱量和一个液化天然气部分往返压载费用,应用一个特惠关税。如果通过巴拿马运河的压载返回运输在装载运输完成后的六十天内,液化天然气船舶将符合条件。

With the exception of the new Intra-Maritime Cluster Segment, which is already in effect, the modifications to the toll structure will be effective April 1, 2016. Should the expanded Canal begin operations prior to this date, then the new toll structure will be implemented not earlier than February 1, 2016. 除了已经生效的新内部海事集群部分,通行费结构修改将在2016.4.1日生效。扩充的运河在这个日期前运行,然后新通行费结构将在2016.2.1之后执行。

The complete new tolls structure is available at the following link: 完整的新通行费结构如下链接:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,/peajes/ApprovedTollsTables.pdf,

and guidelines for the calculation of the new tolls may be accessed at: 新通行费的计算导则如下访问:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,/peajes.

For further information on this topic, please contact info-mercadeo@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,.

更多信息

b. Dangerous Cargo Requirements 危险货物要求

Accurate and timely information on dangerous cargo are key elements for the well-being and safety of Panama Canal Authority (ACP) personnel, operations, and our customers. Therefore, vessels transporting dangerous cargo shall provide the following information via the Maritime Service Portal at least 96 hours in advance of ETA: 危险货物的精确和及时信息是巴拿马运河当局人员,运作和我们的客户幸福和安全的关键要素。因此,船舶运输危险货物应该通过海事服务门户在预计到达时间前至少96小时提供以下信息:

?Proper shipping name 船舶名称

?IMO Class & Division 国际海事组织

?UN Number 联合国号

?Mass in metric tons 公吨

?Stowage location 装载位置

?Flashpoint of cargo or last cargo (only applicable to vessels transporting or having transported flammable or combustible liquids in bulk, either in cargo tanks or slop tanks). 货物或前面装过的货物的闪点。(只适用于船舶运输或输送易燃或可燃液体,在货舱或污油舱)

Additionally, vessels transporting direct reduced iron (DRI) in any of its forms, hazardous waste regulated under the Basel Convention, or radioactive materials, shall provide, via electronic mail, documentation as outlined in Section 16 of this Notice to Shipping. 此外,船舶运输任何形式的直接还原铁,按照巴塞尔公约规定的危险废物,或放射性物质,应该通过电子邮件,提供在16段概述的文件

Please be advised that the electronic mail address cargoinfo@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, is available to receive these documents, as well as to provide further guidance with respect to the regulations for the navigation in Panama Canal waters when transporting dangerous cargo. Adherence to these requirements will assist the ACP to efficiently provide resources for the benefit of all customers, in order to prevent delays and sanctions. 请注意,电子邮箱地址cargoinfo@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,可接收这些文件,以及提供进一步的关于运输危险货物时在巴拿马运河水域航行的规范的指导。遵守这些要求会帮助巴拿马运河当局有效地为所有客户的利益提供资源,为了防止延期和制裁。

c. Replacement of the Electronic Data Collection System (EDCS) 电子数据采集系统替换

The ACP replaced the Electronic Data Collection System (EDCS) with the ―Maritime Service Portal,‖which was fully implemented in March 2015. The Maritime Service Portal added state of the art platforms allowing ACP to progressively include additional functionality and long term improvements in order to provide the best possible level of security to its customers. 巴拿马运河当局用海事服务门户代替电子数据采集系统,在2015.3月完全执行。海事服务门户增加艺术平台允许巴拿马运河当局渐进的包括附加的功能和长期的提高以便提供最高可能的安全水平给客户。

For further information regarding the new Maritime Service Portal, please write to 关于新海事服务门户的进一步信息:customerservice@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,.

d. Clarification on the Use of the Customer Code 客户代码使用的说明

With the exception of small craft and government vessels, the ACP requires that a Customer Code be provided for each and every transit. Vessel agents are expected to comply with this requirement when creating a vessel visit and a booking request is submitted. Therefore, the Customer Code provided by the vessel’s agent must belong to either the owner of the vessel transiting the Canal, the operator of the vessel transiting the Canal, or the company that charters a vessel transiting the Canal. 除了小船和政府船,巴拿马运河当局要求提供每个运输客户代码。期待船舶代理遵守这个要求,当创造一个船舶参观时并提交订舱申请。因此,船舶代理提供的客户代码必须属于经过运河的船舶的船东,操作者或公司。

In order to safeguard the correct use of the Customer Codes, the ACP provides an automatically generated notification to the company under which the Customer Code is registered every time a visit is created. In the event that the visit does not correspond to the company under which the Customer Code has been registered, the company shall promptly notify the ACP at: customerservice@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, in order to correct the discrepancy and avoid any possible misuse of the Code. 为了保护客户代码的正确使用,巴拿马运河当局提供一个自动生成的通知给公司,创建每一次访问注册客户代码。如果参观不符合于注册客户代码的公司,公司应该立即通知巴拿马运河当局:customerservice@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,以便改正矛盾并避免任何可能的代码误用。

It is important that all companies with assigned Customer Codes have their email addresses registered with the ACP so that the Customer Code automatic notifications reach the appropriate recipients. 重要的是所有有指定客户代码的公司有邮箱地址所以客户代码自动通知到达适当的收件人。

e. Bunkering in the Atlantic Outer Anchorage 在大西洋外部的锚地装燃料

Based on the increased demand for bunkering operations that often saturate the Inner Anchorage of Cristobal, bunkering operations are permitted in the Atlantic Outer Anchorage, on a case-by-case basis, when sea conditions allow. The temporary approval of bunkering operations in the Atlantic Outer Anchorage will be evaluated when the requesting parties comply with the following requirements: 基于装燃料操作的增加需求,经常浸透克里斯托瓦尔内部锚地,装燃料操作允许在大西洋外部的锚地,以案例为基础,当海况允许时。在大西洋外部的锚地装燃料操作的临时批准将在当请求方遵守以下要求时评估:

?Bunker barges intending to provide bunkering services in the Atlantic Outer Anchorage shall notify the Canal Port Captain office in order to arrange an inspection by the Canal Maritime Safety office. 打算在大西洋外锚地提供加油服务的燃料驳船应该通知运河港船长办公室以便由运河海事安全办公

室安排一个检查。

?Bunker barges shall have properly functioning machinery and equipment on board, be equipped with an adequate fendering system and sufficient booms on board for deployment and containment of any pollution accident, as well as trained personnel to safely perform bunker operations.

燃料驳船有在船上正常运转的机械和设备,配有足够的护舷系统和任何污染事故的部署和遏制船上足够的增长,以及训练有素的人员来安全地执行燃料库操作。

?Bunker barges shall have adequate firefighting equipment in full working condition. 燃料驳船在完全工作状态下有充足的消防设备。

?Bunker barges are subject to unannounced inspections in order to corroborate compliance with operational requirements and, if found not in compliance, will be subject to sanctions and their authorization to conduct bunker activities will be revoked. 燃料驳船受到未通知的检查以便证实符合操作要求,如果发现没有遵守,将受到制裁,并且他们管理燃料库的授权将被取消。

?Requests for bunker operations shall be made in writing by both bunker barge and bunkering vessel, and both parties must accept and comply with the requirements set forth in this document. 加油操作要求应该由燃料驳船和燃料船书面形式的,必须接受并符合要求。

?Both parties are responsible to determine if sea conditions are safe to perform bunkering operations, taking into consideration weather and sea conditions, as well as traffic density in the area. Should the sea or weather conditions deteriorate beyond acceptable limits, bunkering operations will be aborted.

双方有责任确定海况是否安全进行加油作业,考虑到天气和海况,和交通密度。海况或天气情况恶化,将中止加油操作。

?All events and incidents while performing bunkering shall be promptly reported to Cristobal Signal Station on Channel 12 VHF. 所有执行加油时的事件和事故应该立即报告给12台甚高频大信号站。

f. Water Conservation Measures 水源保护措施

Based on a comprehensive analysis of historical data, both current and projected water utilization, as well as the estimated rainfall in the Canal watershed during the dry season, the ACP has implemented the following water conservation measures in order to reduce the possibility of imposing draft restrictions in the near future: 在综合分析历史数据的基础上,无论是目前和预计的水利用率,以及在旱季运河流域的预计降雨量,巴拿马运河当局执行以下水源保护措施以便减少在不久的将来实施草案限制的可能性:

?Suspension of hydraulic assist procedures at the locks for deep draft vessels; 深吃水船舶水闸液压辅助程序的悬吊

?Maximization of the use of cross-filling and cross-spilling at the locks; 交叉溢出和交叉泄漏的使用的最大化

?Suspension of special lockages for small craft (handlines); and, 小型船的特殊船闸系统的悬吊?Maximization of tandem lockages. 串联船闸的最大化

These measures are not expected to have a major impact on the Canal’s capacity; however, some may have an impact on normal transit operations. These conservation measures are expected to remain until water levels return to normal. 这些措施预计不会对运河的能力产生重大影响,然而,一些可能会对正常运输造成影响。这些保护措施预计将保持,直到水位恢复到正常水平。

g. ACP Maritime Regulations Book 巴拿马运河海事规范书

An updated copy of the Maritime Regulations for the Operation of the Panama Canal must be maintained on board all transiting vessels. Each transiting vessel is entitled to a complimentary copy of these regulations and requests for these copies must be made in writing to the Transit Operations Division Admeasurement Unit, listing the name(s) of the vessel(s). Additional copies for the same vessel, albeit under another agent or owner, are available for purchase through the vessel’s agent or directly from the Admeasurement Unit at a cost of $10.00 each.

一个巴拿马运河操作的海事规范更新的副本必须放在所有过境船舶上。每个过境船舶有资格有这些规范的副本,这些副本要求必须是书面形式的给运输操作部门计量单位,列出船舶名称。相同的船舶的额外的副本,即使在另一个代理或船东下,可用于通过船舶代理或从计量单位直接购买,每个10美元。

The payment must be made to the Citibank in Balboa or Cristobal using the ―Speed Collect‖ deposit slip completed in the following manner: 付款必须付到巴波亚或克里斯托瓦尔的花旗银行,使用快速存款单,以下方式:

Beneficiary受益人: Panama Canal Authority (ACP)

Account Number账号: 0-550305-054

Reference: 60.600002.400999

Depositor存款人: Individual or organization making the deposit

Blank area空白区域: ACP Maritime Regulations

A copy of the deposit slip should then be taken to the Admeasurement Unit to obtain the Regulations. The Admeasurement Unit has offices located at Building 729, 1st floor, Balboa, or Building 1000, Port Captain’s Office in Cristobal, and may be contacted by e-mail at

OPTC-A@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, or at (507) 272-4567 (Balboa) or (507) 443-2298 (Cristobal). 存款单复件应该给计量单位以获得规范。计量单位在巴波兰729大楼1楼或1000大楼有办公室,驻港船长的办公室在克里斯托瓦尔,可以用邮件联系

h. Customer Comments Regarding ACP Services 关于巴拿马运河服务的客户评论

In an effort to enhance the quality of service to our customers, we have improved our customer services process to better manage complaints, recommendations or recognitions regarding the services granted by the ACP. Effective from the date of issue of this Notice, please send comments regarding our services to: 试图要提高对客户的服务质量,我们改进了客户服务程序到一个更好的关于服务的投诉,建议或公认。从这个通报发布日期开始生效,请发送关于我们的服务的评论到:Contact: CUSTOMER SERVICE

E-mail: Customerservice@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,

Telephone: (507) 272-4595

Fax: (507) 272-3892

Mail: AUTORIDAD DEL CANAL DE PANAMA (ACP)

Executive Vice Presidency for Operations

Building 729

Balboa-Ancon, Panama

1.Definitions定义

a. Barge驳船: A flat-bottomed vessel of full body and heavy construction without installed means of propulsion. 不装推进装置、具有重型结构的丰满的平底船舶

b. Commercial Vessel商船: A self-propelled vessel other than a naval, military or other public vessel. 有自航能力的船舶,但军舰、军用船只和其他公务船除外。

c. Dangerous Cargo危险货物: Any material which is explosive, flammable, radioactive or toxic to humans or the environment. 任何易爆、易燃、具有放射性以及对人体或环境有害的货品

d. Full Container Vessel全集装箱船: Vessel specifically designed or converted to transport containers above the upper deck and that has cellular guides permanently affixed in its holds. 专门设计或转换到上层甲板以上的运输集装箱的船舶,并有永久固定在支撑里的指引。

e. Integrated Tug-Barge Combination拖-驳组合体: A pushing vessel and a non-tank barge pushed ahead rigidly connected to each other to form a composite unit. A composite unit means a pushing vessel rigidly connected by "mechanical means" to a barge being pushed, so they react to the sea and swell as one vessel, and, as such, considered a single power-driven vessel. "Mechanical means" does not include lines, hawsers, wires or chains. To be considered an ITB at the Panama Canal, such vessels must meet all current ACP regulations and requirements for transit and be able to operate in all conditions under which a ship of equivalent size can operate. 一个推轮和一个非驳船互相连接以形成一个复合单元。一个复合单元意味着一个推船坚硬的由机械装置连接到驳船,因此他们对海作出反应并作为船膨胀,因此,考虑一个单一的动力驱动的船舶。机械装置不包括航线,系船索,电线或锚链。考虑到巴拿马运河ITB,这样的船舶必须满足所有目前的巴拿马运河规范和运输要求,并能够在相当尺度的船舶能够操作的条件下操作

f. Maximum Allowable Response Time允许的最大反应时间: The maximum allowable amount of time that it takes the main propulsion to respond from stop to ahead or from stop to astern, after a telegraph order is received, which must be tested before the transit begins. 主推进从停止到前进或从停止到后退的允许的最大反应时间,在车钟口令收到后,必须在运输开始前测试。

g. Maximum Authorized Draft允许的最大吃水: Lesser of the maximum authorized transit draft or the maximum tropical freshwater draft by Load Line Certificate. 载重线证书的最大允许通过吃水或最大允许热带淡水吃水

h. Maximum Authorized Transit Draft最大允许通过吃水: Deepest point of immersion in TFW of a particular vessel permitted at any time, Gatun Lake level and Canal restrictions permitting. 因受嘎通湖水位和运河的限制,在任何时间允许某艘特定船舶在TFW中浸没的最深点。

i. Maximum Beam最大船宽: The maximum breadth (width) of the hull between the outside surfaces of the shell plating. 船壳板外表面之间的最大船体宽度

j. Maximum Length最大总长: The distance between the forward and after extremities of a vessel, including the bulbous bow and protrusions (also length overall - LOA) 船舶首尾终端,包括球鼻首和突出物之间的距离

k. Maximum Width最大总宽: The extreme width of a vessel, including protrusions, at its widest point. 船舶最宽点,包括突出物之间的极端宽度

l. Minimum Full Ahead Speed最大全速前进速度: The ACP has determined that the minimum full ahead speed required in order to complete transit in standard times is 8 knots. 巴拿马运河决定为了在标准时间内完成运输最小全速前进速度是8节。

m. Neopanamax: All vessels with dimensions greater than Panamax that comply with the size and draft limitations of the new locks; namely, 1200.48 feet (366 meters) in length by 160.72 feet (49 meters) in beam by 49.87 feet (15.2 meters), TFW draft. 所有尺寸大于符合尺寸和吃水限制的巴拿

马运河大型船的船舶,也就是,长度1200.48 feet (366 meters),船宽160.72 feet (49 meters),吃水49.87 feet (15.2 meters)

n. Non-Self-Propelled Vessel非机动船舶: A vessel which either does not have installed means of propulsion, or has installed means of propulsion which does not function during transit. It is also referred to as dead tow. 一艘不装推进装置、或虽装有推进装置但在通过运河时不予使用的船舶,有时称为dead tow

o. Panama Canal Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS)巴拿马运河通用计量系统: The system based on the Universal Measurement System, 1969, using its parameters for determining the total

volume of a vessel with the additional variations established by the Panama Canal Authority. 基于通用计量系统的系统,1969,使用它的参数决定船舶总体积。

p. Panamax vessels巴拿马运河大型船: Vessels of 100 feet in beam or more that comply with the size and draft limitations of the panamax locks; namely, 965 feet (294.13 meters) in length by 106 feet (32.31 meters) in beam by 39.50 feet (12.04 meters), TFW draft. 船宽100或更多的船舶符合尺寸和吃水限制;也就是,长度965 英尺(294.13 meters),船宽106 英尺(32.31 meters),吃水39.50 英尺(12.04 meters)。

q. Panamax Plus vessels: All Panamax vessels authorized for TFW drafts greater than 39.50 feet (12.04 meters) up to 49.87 feet (15.2 meters) and approved for transit of the new locks. 所有巴拿马运河大型船允许吃水大于39.50 英尺(12.04 meters)一直到49.87 英尺(15.2 meters),并且批准用于运输。

r. Passenger Vessel客船: A vessel that principally transports passengers and runs on fixed published schedules. All the spaces that have been identified and certified for the use or possible use of passengers are to be included in the total volume calculation of the vessel. 主要运输乘客,并在固定公布时间表上运行的船。所有已确定和证明使用的或乘客可能使用的空间包括在船舶总体积计算里。

s. Protrusion突出物: Anything that extends beyond any portion of the hull of a vessel, whether it is permanent or temporary, except for the main anchors. 突出在船体任何部位以外的任何东西,不论是永久的还是暂时性的。

t. Published TFW Maximum Draft公布的TFW最大吃水: Deepest point of immersion in Gatun Lake waters as promulgated by the Executive Vice President for Operations, taking into account the water level of Gatun Lake and other limitations deemed necessary because of restrictions in the Canal. 考虑到嘎通湖水位及由于受运河限制加上其他必要控制而由海事主任公布的在嘎通湖水中浸没的最深点。

u. Safe Working Load (SWL)安全工作负荷: The SWL should not exceed 80 percent of the design load. 安全工作负荷不应超过设计负载的80%

v. TEU: International measure standard for a container (20-foot equivalent unit), which is 20’ x 8’ x 8.5’. 国际测量标准

w. Tropical Fresh Water (TFW)热带淡水: Tropical Fresh Water of Gatun Lake, density 0.9954 tons/m3at 29.4 oC. (Note: Transition to fresh water frequently alters the trim of large vessels 0.24 feet to 0.325 feet (7.5 to 10 centimeters) by the head. 嘎通湖热带淡水,其密度在29.4摄氏度时为0.9954tons/m3。(大船在进入淡水后通常会增加0.24 英尺到0.325 英尺首倾)

2.Size and Draft Limitations of Vessels船舶的尺度限制和吃水限制

a. Maximum Length 最大总长

(1) The maximum length overall including bulbous bow for commercial or non-commercial vessels acceptable for regular transit is 950 feet (289.6 m), except passenger and container ships which may be 965 feet (294.13 m) in overall length. Vessels transiting the Canal for the first time at an overall length exceeding 900 feet (274.32 m), whether newly-constructed or newly-modified are subject to the requirement of inspection and prior review and approval of vessel plans. Vessels not receiving advance approval and/or not complying with Canal requirements may be denied transit. 对商船,准予经常通过的最大总长(包括球鼻首在内)为950 英尺(289.6 米);但对客船和集装箱船则总长可放宽至965英尺(294.13 米)。总长超过900 feet (274.32 m)的船舶,不论是新建造的或是新改装的,在其首次通过本运河前应按规定加以检查,并事先审批其图纸。凡事先获审批和(或)不符合本运河规定的船舶,将可能拒绝其通过运河。

(2) The maximum length for integrated tug-barge combination acceptable for regular transit is 900 feet (274.32 m) overall including the tug. A tug-barge combination must transit together as one unit with the tug supplying the propelling power. 对拖-驳组合体,准予经常通过的最大总长(包括拖船在内)为900 feet (274.32 m) 。拖-驳组合体鼻祖作为一个单元通过,由拖船提供推进功率。

(3) The maximum aggregate overall length for non-self-propelled vessels acceptable for transit is 850 feet (259.1 m), including accompanying tugs. Accompanying tugs must lock through with the non-self-propelled vessel. One-time only transits that exceed these limitations may be permitted on a case-by-case basis with prior approval of the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager, and subject to requirements listed in paragraph 2.k (9) of this Section. 对非机动船舶,准予经常通过的最大组合长度(包括伴随的拖船)为850 feet (259.1 m)。伴随的拖船必须与非机动船贯串联锁。超过上述限制者也可能在逐个审查的基础上获准作单次性通过。但须符合本节K款的规定,且事先得到运河作业船长的同意。

b. Maximum Beam 最大船宽

(1) The maximum beam for commercial or non-commercial vessels and the integrated tug-barge combination acceptable for regular transit measured at the outer surface of the shell plate and all protruding structures below the lock walls is 106 feet (32.31 m). 对商船和拖-驳组合体,准予经常通过的最大船宽为106 feet (32.31 m).

(2) Wider commercial vessels including integrated tug-barge combination up to a beam of 107 feet (32.61 m) may be permitted, with prior approval of the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager, or his designee, to transit on a one-time delivery basis only if the deepest point of immersion does not exceed 37 feet (11.3 m), TFW. 在事先经运河作业船长或其指定人批准的情况下,更宽的,但宽度不超过107 feet (32.61 m)的商船(包括拖-驳组合体)可允许其作单次性通过,但其船体在TFW中的浸没最深点不得超过37 feet (11.3 m)。

(3) The maximum beam for non-self-propelled vessels (other than integrated tug-barge combinations) acceptable for transit is 100 feet (30.5 m). One-time transit of wider vessels may be permitted with prior approval of the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager, and subject to requirements listed in paragraph 2.k (9) of this Notice. 对非机动船舶(拖-驳组合体除外)准予通过的最大船宽为100 feet (30.5 m)。超过上述限制者也可能在逐个审查的基础上获准作单次性通过,但须符合本节K款的规定,且事先得到运河作业船长的同意。

(4) Vessels that carry cargo within 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) or less of the extreme beam must have approved provisions, such as rubbing bands; to protect the cargo should the vessel rest alongside the wall while in the chamber. The maximum beam of 106 feet (32.31 m) should not be exceeded by the cargo protection method. This is brought about by the large number of container vessels that are designed to load containers virtually to the extreme beam. If the ship lands on the wall in a heeled condition or where the locks wall fendering or miter gate fendering protrudes, damage may occur.

载货的1英尺内或小于最大宽度的船舶必须有批准的推进,如护舷木,来保护货物,当在室内时船舶沿着墙休息。不应该超过最大船宽106 feet (32.31 m)。这是由大量的集装箱船,被设计用来装载几乎到最大船宽的集装箱。如果船舶猛烈抨击到墙上或墙防护物或人字闸门防护物突出,可能发生损害。

c. Maximum Width 最大总宽

Vessels with a maximum width exceeding its maximum beam may not transit the Canal without prior review and approval of vessel plans. Vessels not receiving advance approval and/or not complying with Canal requirements may be denied transit. 最大总宽超过最大船宽的船舶,如其图纸未曾事先审查获准,将不得通过本运河。凡事先未获批准和/或不符合本运河规定的船舶,将可能拒绝其通过运河。

d. Protrusions 突出物

(1) Anything which extends beyond a vessel's hull, except for the main anchors, shall be considered

a protrusion and subject to all applicable laws and limitations. 突出在船舶船体以外的任何东西将被视为突出物,对此将有适用的规定和限制。

(2) The Authority is not responsible for damages to protrusions whether permanent or temporary. 运河委员会对突出物(不论是永久的还是暂时的)所遭受的损坏不承担任何责任。

(3) Vessels with protrusions may be permitted to transit provided that such protrusions will not interfere with the safe transit of the vessel or present a hazard to Canal structures, as determined by the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager. In either case, before transit is permitted, masters of vessels will be required to execute a form undertaking to release the Authority from liability in case of accident and to indemnify the Authority for damages sustained to or as a result of protrusions. 具有突出物的船舶也可以获准通过,只要运河作业船长认为此类突出物不会影响船舶的安全通过或者不会危及运河的结构物。不论属于何种情况,在允许船舶通过之前,均要求船舶的船长签署一份文件解除运河管理委员会对因突出物之故而发生的事故时的责任,并在运河蒙受损失时向运河管理委员会作出赔偿。

(4) Vessels with permanent protrusions must, prior to proceeding to the Canal, furnish detailed information about the protrusion(s), including plans and request authorization for transit. Advance information will minimize the possibility that transit may be delayed or denied. For detailed information, contact the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager. 具有永久性突出物的船舶

必须在其驶往运河之前提供有关突出物的详尽资料(包括图纸)并申请通过。事先提供资料将使延误通过运河或被拒通过的可能性减少至最低程度。有关此项事宜请与运河作业船长联系。

(5) Vessels with protrusions extending beyond the maximum length and beam limitations specified in paragraphs 2.a and 2.b of this Notice, may, on a case-by-case basis, be permitted to transit, provided that approval is obtained in advance from the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager and that protrusions do not present a hazard or interfere with lock structures, equipment and/or operation, and the master executes a form releasing the Authority from liability. (See paragraph 2.h). 具有突出物的船舶,如果已超过本分节a款和b款中对于最大总长和最大船宽的限制,也可能在逐个审查的基础上允许其通过运河,条件是:事先获得运河作业船长的同意,确认突出物不会危及或影响船闸结构、运河设备和/或运河作业,而且该船的船长须签署一份文件解除运河管理委员会的责任。

e. Maximum Height 最大高度

The allowable height for any vessel transiting the Canal or entering the Port of Balboa at any state of the tide is 190 feet (57.91 m) measured from the waterline to its highest point. With prior permission from the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager, height may be permitted to 205 feet (62.5 m) on a case-by-case basis, with passage at low water (MLWS) at Balboa. Maximum Height Restrictions are due to the tide and the unpredictable upward movement of water from swells, surges, waves, etc., and maintenance equipment suspended beneath the bridge at Balboa.

任何船舶在通过运河或进入巴尔博亚港时,不论潮水的情况如何,允许的最大高度为190 feet (57.91 m),这一高度是从水面量到船舶的最高点。如事先得到运河作业船长的同意,在逐个审查的基础上,在低水位通过时(巴尔博亚MLWS),允许最大高度可增加到205 feet (62.5 m)。最大高度限制起因是由于潮水或不可预测的水位上升(因海浪、涌浪和风暴潮等等),以及巴尔博亚桥下悬挂的维护设备。

f. Draft 吃水

(1) The maximum permissible draft for Canal transits has been set at 39 feet 6 inches (12.04 m) Tropical Fresh Water (TFW) at a Gatun Lake level of 78.8 feet (24.01 m) or higher. [Gatun Lake density is 0.9954 gms/cc at 85o F (29.4o C).] This provides a safe navigational margin of at least 5

feet (1.52 m) over critical elevations in the Canal and a clearance over the south sill of Pedro Miguel Locks of 1 foot 8 inches (0.50 m) at a Miraflores Lake Level of 54 feet 6 inches (16.61 m).

运河运输最大允准吃水在78.8 feet (24.01 m)加通湖水位是39 feet 6 inches (12.04 m) 热带淡水。(加通湖密度是0.9954 gms/cc at 85o F (29.4o C))通过一个超过运河临界海拔至少5英尺的安全的航行边界和间隙超过在米拉弗洛雷斯湖水位54 feet 6 inches (16.61 m)的1 foot 8 inches (0.50 m)船闸的南梁

(2) Prior to the initial transit of a vessel whose transit draft will exceed 35 feet 6 inches (10.82 m), owners, operators or agents must supply in full the information required in the Regulation on Navigation in Panama Canal Waters (ACP Navigation Regulations, Article 52), and request the maximum authorized transit draft for the vessel (deepest point of immersion TFW) from the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager, not later than two weeks prior to the loading of the vessel. This request will be returned with the approved maximum authorized transit draft stamped thereon. 通过吃水超过35 feet 6 inches (10.82 m)的船舶,在其首次通过运河之前,船东、经营人或代理人必须在船舶装货前不迟于两周内向运河作业船长提交所要求的所有资料,并申请允许最大通过吃水(在TFW中浸没的最深点)。该申请在退还时应盖有核准的允许最大通过吃水的印记。

(3) The initial transit is permitted at or under the approved maximum authorized transit draft. After the initial transit, unless the vessel's agent or owner is notified of any restrictions imposed by the Canal Authority, this maximum authorized transit draft will remain in effect. 首次通过可以按允准的

最大通过吃水(或小于此吃水值)航行。在这之后,除非运河当局另将任何新的限制通知船舶代理人或船东,该允准的最大通过吃水值将保持有效。

(4) All vessels transiting the Canal should have sufficient ballast to permit safe handling during transit. 所有通过运河的船舶必须具有充分的压载,以保证通过运河时操船的安全性。

(5) A vessel whose ballast draft does not meet the minimum draft requirements established by this section may be accepted for transit on a regular basis, provided the vessel operator is granted permission after submitting the following information to the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager: 压载吃水不能满足本节规定之最小吃水的船舶,也可获准按常规的基准通过,但须由船舶经营人向运河作业船长提交下列资料并申请批准:

(a) Principal dimensions of the vessel. 船舶的主尺度

(b) Deepest attainable minimum draft (fore and aft). 可达到的最深状态下的最小吃水(艏和艉)

(c) Limitations on visibility fore and aft from the navigation bridge. 驾驶船桥前后视界的限制

(d) Necessary excerpts from the vessel's plans, drawings and maneuvering data that relate to the vessel's suitability for transit. The information submitted should include the proposed Panama Canal ballast condition detailed output, showing the status of all ballast and consumable tanks, plus the maneuvering data in accordance with IMO Resolution A.601 (15), Appendices 1, 2 and 3. 船舶文件、图纸和操纵性数据的必要摘录,表明船舶适合通过运河。信息应该包括被提议的巴拿马运河压载状态详细的输出,显示所有压载和消耗舱的状态,加上根据IMO规范的操纵数据。

(6) Table I, on the next page, provides the minimum saltwater drafts for vessels anticipating transit. Drag must not adversely affect maneuverability. Any drag beyond 6 ft (1.83 m) or one (1) percent of its LOA, whichever is greater, is considered adverse drag in the Panama Canal and adjacent waters. 表1,提供船舶预期运输的最小海水吃水。吃水必须勿使操纵性恶化。任何超过6英尺或吃水,无论哪个更多,考虑在巴拿马运河和相邻水域相反的拖拽。

(7) Figure 1 (p. 20) provides the limiting drafts due to bilge radius. On an off-center lockage with the vessel touching the lock wall, the turn of the bilge will clear the locks wall batters at the most critical point as shown in the table. 图1给出了由于舭部转圆半径而引起的限制吃水。在偏心船闸处,如船舶碰到闸壁,在最危险点处船的舭圆部与斜壁尚能空开而不碰(如表所示)

(8) A vessel having received permission to transit at less than the minimum required draft will be inspected by the Authority upon its first visit under ballast conditions. If the vessel is acceptable for transit at less than the prescribed minimum draft, the operator will be notified that transit on a regular basis is authorized provided the vessel meets the special minimum draft specified in that notification and that the master signs a form releasing the Authority from liability.

允许在最小要求吃水运输的船舶将由当局根据压载状态下的第一次访问检查。如果船舶可以在小于规定的最小吃水运输,操作者将被通知经常运输允许通过船舶满足规定的特殊最小吃水。

LENGTH 船长MINIMUM DRAFT TSW 最小吃水

Up to 425' (129.54 m) Trimmed so pilot can see the ranges over

the forecastle from center of navigation

bridge 其纵倾程度应能使引水员自驾驶船

桥中央看到艏楼上方的操纵标

Over 425' (129.54 m) 8' (2.44 m) forward, 14' (4.27 m) aft

Over 475' (144.8 m) 18' (5.50 m) forward, 20' (6.01 m) aft

Over 525' (160.02 m) 20' (6.10 m) forward, 22' (6.71 m) aft

Over 580' (176.78 m) 22' (6.71 m) forward, 24' (7.32 m) aft

Over 625' (190.50 m) 24' (7.32 m) forward, 26' (7.92 m) aft

Over 1,000' (304.80 m) 26' (7.92 m) forward, 28' (8.53 m) aft

Over 1,100' (335.28 m) 28’ (8.53 M) forward, 30’ (9.14 m) aft

(9) If the vessel is found not to be acceptable for transit on a regular basis, a single transit may be authorized, at the discretion of the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager, subject to imposition of special conditions that may be required for reasons of safety or continuance of regular Canal operations. 如认为船舶不适于按常规基准通过,则运河作业船长在考虑了正常运河作业的安全性和连续性所可能要求的各种条件之后,也可允准其作单次性通过。

(10) Vessels are expected to arrive at the Canal properly trimmed and with a draft which, when in fresh water, its deepest point of immersion will not exceed either the published TFW Draft, the Maximum Authorized Transit Draft established by the Canal for that particular vessel, or the maximum allowable draft as a mean established by the classification society, whichever is less.

预计船舶适当纵倾到达运河并有吃水,当在淡水里时,浸入最深点不超过TFW吃水,最大允许的运输吃水由运河确定,或者船级社确定的最大允许吃水,无论哪个更少。

(11) Vessels with drafts exceeding these figures, when in Miraflores Lake, are subject to denial of transit. Northbound vessels found by actual reading to be overdraft would be required to turn around and proceed back to sea, and the transit would be considered completed. Southbound vessels will be held in the Gatun Anchorage. The transit will be reinitiated only after the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager, considers that it is safe to proceed. 吃水超过这些图的船舶,当在米拉弗洛雷斯湖,受拒绝过境。实际的超过吃水的北行的船舶要求转向反方向并回到海水,运输将被视为已完成。南行船舶在加通湖锚地,被认为安全前进。

(12) Masters of vessels are reminded that personnel from transiting vessels are not permitted to climb or hang over the side of the vessel from ladders or boatswain's chairs while the vessel is in the lock chamber. Personnel are prohibited from disembarking onto the lock walls at any time for any purpose, except as allowed in Section 2.31 of the Executive Vice Presidency for Operations Operations Manual (Embarking or Disembarking during Transit, which appears in Annex 1 to this Notice to Shipping). Draft readings are obtained from locks personnel through the pilot.

提醒船长过境船舶全体人员不允许在船舶在水闸时攀登或挂在从梯子或水手长椅子的船舶侧边。人员禁止在任何时候为任何目的登陆到闸墙,除了在操作手册海事主任允许的(在运输途中登船或离船,出现在本通知附件1中)从通过飞行员的闸人员获得的吃水读数。

g. Potential Seasonal Draft Restrictions 可能的季节性吃水限制

(1) In the event of an unusually dry season (nominally, 1 out of 10 years) draft restrictions might become necessary. 如逢异常的干旱季节(一般为1O年一遇.可能有必要发布吃水限制)。(2) During the rainy season (from May to December), Gatun Lake and Madden Lake, the upstream reservoir for the Canal and the municipal water supply of Panama City, are filled to capacity. During the dry season (from December to May), the Madden Lake reserve is drawn off to keep Gatun Lake at an optimum level. In an unusually dry season, the Madden Lake reserve is exhausted and the Gatun Lake level continues to decrease. As the Gatun Lake level is depleted below 79 feet (24.09 m), it becomes necessary to reduce the maximum allowable draft to preserve the safe navigation margin. The reductions are made in 6 inch (15.24 cm) decrements, with three week advance notice when possible, based on computer assisted lake level and precipitation forecasts made by the Authority's hydrologists and meteorologists. Ships already loaded to a prevailing draft limitation at the time of promulgation of a new draft restriction are waived for transit, subject to overriding safety considerations. Ships loading after promulgation of a new draft restriction are held to a tolerance of not more than 6 inches (15.24 cm) above that restriction and may be required to trim or off-load the ship to achieve a safe transit draft. 在雨季(5月至12月)时,作为运河上游蓄水池和巴拿马城市供水源加通湖和马登湖都是满的。在旱季(12月至5月)时,马登湖的蓄水量被用来使加通湖能保持住一个合适的水位。遇上异常的干旱季节,马登湖将会干涸.加通湖的水位也不断下降。当加通湖水位低于79 feet (24.09 m)时,就有必要降低允准的最大吃水值以保证安全航行裕度。吃水降低值将根据运河管理委员会的水文学家和气象学家所作的湖水水位和降雨量计算机辅助预报按6 inch (15.24 cm)递减,并尽可能提前3周作出通报。在新的吃水限制发布时已按原先吃水限制装载货物的船舶将出于重要的安金考虑而不准其通过。船舶在新吃水限制发布后装载时允许以不大干 6 inches (15.24 cm)的裕度超过限制值,但可能要求船舶作适当的纵倾或部分卸裁.以获得安全的通过吃水。

h. Release from Liability 解除责任

(1) Masters of vessels will, prior to transit, be required to execute a form undertaking to release the Authority from liability in case of accident and to indemnify the Authority for damages sustained in the following instances: 在船舶通过运河前,船长须签署一份文件,以便在因下列情况而发生暂时解除运河管理委员会的责任,并在造成损失时对运河管理委员会做出赔偿

(a) When a vessel transits at less than the minimum drafts established in paragraph 2.f, has a list in excess of three degrees, or is so loaded or trimmed that maneuverability is adversely affected. 当船舶虽以小于本节f款的展小吃水通航,使其纵倾超过3°,或其装载和纵倾对船舶的操纵性有不良的影响;

(b) When a vessel has protrusions. 船舶具有突出物;

(c) When visibility from the vessel’s navigation bridge presents a hazard, as determined by the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager. (See section 4 of this Notice.) 经运河作业船长的认定,船舶驾驶船桥的视界受到阻碍(参见第4节>;

(d) When the vessel's chocks, bitts or other equipment does not meet Canal requirements as determined by the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager. (See section 8 of this Notice.) 经运河作业船长认定·船舶的导缆钳、带缆桩或其它设备不符合巴拿马运河规定(参见第8节);

(e) When a vessel transits on a one-time delivery basis with extreme beam exceeding 106 feet

(32.31 m). 船舶的最大宽度超过32.31米(106英尺).但获准作单次性通过。

(2) Pilots or boarding officers are requested to have the master of the vessel sign Form 4323,

―Undertaking to Release and Indemnify‖, prior to docking vessels in Balboa, Cristobal and Rodman

Piers when such vessels are exceeding the allowable drafts shown on the following pages in Tables II, III, IV and V, or when a vessel is to be berthed on a pier that has inadequate or absent fendering and/or lighting. 。这一要求是由于巴尔博亚港的港区状态不佳,以及巴尔博亚与克利斯托瓦尔码头的避碰设施和灯光设施不足而提出的。当超过船舶允许吃水而需进坞时,或船舶须靠泊在避碰设施和(或)灯光设施不足或没有上述设施的码头时,引水员须在事先就取得船长的(解除责任)签署文件。

(3) A refusal to sign such release may result in a delay of transit. 如拒绝签署上述文件可能导致通过的延误。

i. Approval of Plans 审批的图纸

(1) The plans for new construction or modification for each vessel or class of vessels should be submitted to the Transit Operations Division for review prior to modification or construction. A minimum of two and a maximum of four sets of copies of each drawing should be submitted. The ACP will retain for its records and files a single set of the drawings submitted and will return only up to three sets of copies of the principal drawings submitted. Failure to comply with this requirement may result in delay or denial of transit because of unsuitable or unsafe arrangements. 新建造或新改装的船舶,在其建造或改装之前必须向运河作业船长办公室提供船舶的图纸以供审查。应提交至少两套和最多四套图纸的副本。巴拿马运河当局将保留其记录和提交一套图纸并将只返回了三份提交的主要图纸。否则可能会因不适合或不安全而延误或拒绝该船的通过。

(2) The numerous constraints affecting the transit schedules of vessels and tows make it important that information provided in advance of the initial transit include the following documents for approval (a minimum of two copies of each drawing must be submitted):

影响船舶和牵引运输日程的很多约束使其重要的是在最初运输之前提供信息,包括以下文件(必须提交每个图纸的最少两份副本)

General Arrangement (indicating deployed boarding facilities, blue steering light and pilot shelters/platforms) 总图(表明部署船上装置,蓝色转向灯和领航员庇护所/平台)

Mooring Arrangement (indicating chock/bitt sizes and maximum safe working load/strain capacities) 系泊设备(表明系缆桩尺寸和最大安全工作负载)

TABLE II - Depths and Drafts in Balboa 水深和吃水

Notes: 注意

1. All these readings have one (1) foot under keel clearance (UKC) and referenced to MLWS. 所有这些文本有一英尺富余水深,参阅平均低潮面

2. Vessels with deeper drafts or during negative tides must be reviewed and approved by the CPC office.更深吃水或潮汐的船舶必须由CPC办公室审查认可。

3. Based on ACP Hydrographic Chart dated September 2013 (Docks 8 and 13) and Panama Ports Company S.A. Bathymetric Charts dated July 201

4.

基于2013.9月的巴拿马运河当局海道测量图和2014.7月的巴拿马港口公司S.A.水深图

TABLE III: Rodman Piers Draft Limitations

NOTES:注意

Vessels with deeper drafts, during negative tides or exceeding the usable length of the pier must be previously approved by the CPC office. Vessel and port facility need to execute a release when exceeding these restrictions. (Table information provided by PetroAmérica, S.A., PATSA, on March 6,

2015.)有较深吃水的船舶,在负潮汐或超过码头可用长度的船只必须事先经中国共产党办公室批准。当超过这些限制时,船舶和港口设施需要执行放行。

TABLE IV: Panama International Terminal Draft Limitations 巴拿马国际极限吃水限制

TABLE V - Depths and Drafts in Cristobal克里斯托瓦尔水深和吃水

Notes: 注意

1. All these readings have one (1) foot under keel clearance (UKC) and referenced to Mean Low Water. 所有这些文本有一英尺富余水深,参阅平均低潮面

2. When a vessel with LOA in excess of 900 feet is docked at DK 10, vessels will not be allowed to enter or depart Docks 16 AB unless specially approved by the duty CPC. 当总长超过900英尺的船舶在DK10进坞,将不允许船舶进入或离开码头16AB,除非特别批准。

3. Vessels with deeper drafts or during negative tides must be reviewed and approved by the CPC office. 更深吃水或潮汐的船舶必须由CPC办公室审查认可。

4. Table V information provided by Panama Ports Company, S.A. (PPC) on May 27, 2013.

Wheelhouse Arrangement (showing required aids to navigation, such as indicators, wipers, horn controls, radar and others) 驾驶室布置图(显示所需的航标,如指示器,雨刷,喇叭控制、雷达等) Visibility Calculations (indicating compliance with ACP visibility requirements of Paragraph 4.e of this Notice) 可见性计算(表明符合巴拿马运河当局可见性要求)

Section Views showing the vessel inside the lock chamber pressed against both center and side walls, indicating clearances of protrusions from lock structures and equipment (for vessels with protrusions – the locks chamber drawing may be downloaded from the Panama Canal web page at https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,/eng/maritime/notices/All Locks Composite Maximum Clearances Limiting Dimensions.pdf) 剖视图显示在闸室的船舶在中心和侧边加压,表明从水闸结构和设备突出物间隙。(有突出物的船舶-闸室图可以从巴拿马运河网站下载)

For reference (one copy of each drawing retained for our records):

Midship Section (or Shell Expansion and bilge radius information, if the Midship Section is not available) 舯横剖面(或外壳扩展和舭半径信息,如果舯剖面不可用)

Engine room plans 机舱图

International Tonnage Certificate 国际吨位证书

International Load Line Certificate 国际载重线证书

Detailed drawings of chocks and bitts showing sizes and maximum strain capacities, if not indicated in the mooring arrangement. 导缆钳和系缆柱显示尺寸和最大张力的详细图纸,如果不在系泊布置图中表明。

This advance information will minimize the possibility that transit might be denied due to noncompliance with Canal regulations. For detailed information, contact the Transit Operations Division Canal Port Captain South Section Manager (OPTS). 这个超前信息将最小化由于不符合运河规范而拒绝运输的可能性。对于详细信息,联系运输业务部门运河港口船长南部经理。

(3) Vessels that have had the appropriate plans approved will normally retain such approval unless it is determined by the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager that modifications are necessary to ensure safe transit. 有适当图纸的船舶将通常保持这样的批准,除非运输业务部执行经理决定必要的修改来确保安全运输。

(4) The Transit Operations Division accepts electronic drawing submittals via e-mail or by regular mail in compact disk. 运输业务部接受通过电子邮件或光盘里的普通邮件提交的电子图纸

(5) The drawings are to be saved preferably in PDF or TIFF file format, or in a file format compatible with AUTOCAD. All drawing and letter files should be compressed together into one zip file. 图纸以PDF或TIFF文件格式或者CAD格式保存。所有图纸和信件应该一起压缩成zip格式文件。

(6) Upon review, the submittals will be stamped electronically and returned via e-mail. In this manner, the recipient has control of printing any number of copies of the stamped drawings needed to meet distribution requirements. 经审查,该提交图纸将电子盖章并通过电子邮件返回。以这种方式,收件人能打印任意几份盖章的图纸

j. Required Documentation for Initial Transit in Electronic Format 以电子格式的最初运输的要求的文件

All vessels transiting the Panama Canal for the first time must provide the following documents in electronic format utilizing WORD, EXCEL, PDF, TIFF, JPEG or similar format: 第一次在巴拿马运河上运输的船舶必须通过以下电子格式的文件

International Tonnage Certificate (ITC-69) 国际吨位证书

PC/UMS Documentation of Total Volume or suitable substitute 总体积或合适代替的文件

Volume calculations (If available) 体积计算

Suez Canal Certificate (If available) 苏伊士运河证书

Load Line Certificate (If multiple Load Lines exist, provide the one with least freeboard) 载重线证书

Pilot Card (Vessels speed and general information) 引航卡片

Ship Particulars 船舶规范

Certificate of Registry 登记证书

Ship Classification Certificate 船级证书

Minimum Crew Safe Manning Certificate最低船员安全配备证书

International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate 国际防止生活污水污染证书

Passenger Ship Safety Certificate – Form P (for passenger vessels) 客船安全证书

International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate 国际防止油污证书

Certificate of Fitness (for tanker vessels) 健康证明书

The following drawings (plans) shall be provided in PDF or AUTOCAD format only, in one plan (not sections), in order to allow for precise calculations: 以下图纸应该只以PDF 或AUTOCAD 格式提供,以便允许精确计算

General Arrangement Plan 总布置图

Capacity Plan with deadweight scale 载重标尺容量图

Midship Section Plan 船中剖面图

Lines Plan 型线图

Shell Expansion Plan外板展开图

Docking Plan 进坞图

Trim and stability booklet or hydrostatic information (summer loaded figures at zero trim for extreme draft, displacement, deadweight and tons of immersion) 稳性报告书或流体静力学信息

Container Loading or Stowage Plan when fully loaded (full container vessels only) 满载时集装箱装载图

Cargo Securing Manual (full container vessels only - All pages regarding container information above and below deck and all combinations available) 货物系固手册(所有关于在甲板上和甲板下的集装箱信息和所有可获得的组合)

The documents must be legible, of good quality, and shall include all pages. Please specify in the subject of the message, the vessel’s current name, IMO number, and, if available, the vessel′s SIN (Panama Canal Ship Identification Number). 该文件必须是清晰的,质量好,并应包括所有的页面。请在信息中列入船舶现在的名字,IMO号,船舶SIN

The above-mentioned documentation must be submitted to Arqueadores@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, and

ACP-Shipplans@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, at least 96 hours prior to arrival at Panama Canal waters. 以上提到的文件必须在达到巴拿马运河水域之前至少96小时提交到Arqueadores@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html, 和

ACP-Shipplans@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,

Receiving this information in advance will expedite the vessel’s scheduling process, the calculations required for the proper assessment of tolls, and facilitate the inspection process on arrival. 提前收到此信息将加快船舶的调度过程,计算所需的正确评估的通行费,并促进检查过程中的到来。

k. Denial of Transit 拒绝通过

Any vessel may be denied passage through the Canal when the character or condition of the cargo, hull or machinery is such as to endanger Canal structures, or which might render the vessel liable to obstruct the waterway, or whose draft at any part of the vessel exceeds the maximum allowable draft as designated from time to time by the Canal Authority. Other specific circumstances under which a vessel may be denied transit are: 当任何一艘船舶的货物、船体或机器之特性或状态会危及运河所属的结构物,或可能导致的运河堵塞,或其任一部位的吃水越过运河中允许的最大吃水值时(后者由运河当局不时公布之).则运河当局得拒绝其通过运河。其它可能使船舶被拒通过的特殊情况还有:

(1) When the vessel's maximum point of immersion exceeds its maximum authorized draft as determined by its bilge keel radius. 船舶的最大浸深点超过其核准的最大吃水。

(2) When the vessel's maximum point of immersion exceeds the published TFW maximum draft then in effect. 船舶的最大浸深点超过当时生效并公布的TFW最大吃水;

(3) When the vessel’s mean draft exceeds the maximum allowable mean draft as provided by the most current Load Line Certificate. 船舶平均吃水超过载重线证书提供的最大允许平均吃水

(4) When the length overall, including bulbous bow, exceeds the length stated in Section 2.a of this Notice. 船舶的总长(包括球鼻艏)越过本节a款的规定值;

(5) When the maximum width or extreme beam exceeds the width stated in Section 2.b of this Notice by any amount unless the vessel was approved for regular transit prior to March 10, 1981. 除已在1981年3月10日以前获准可作经常通过者外,船舶的最大总宽或船宽以任何数值超过本节b 款的艇定位;

(6) When a vessel has protrusions, which will interfere with the safe transit of the vessel or present a hazard to Canal structures as determined by the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager. 经运河作业船长认定,船舶的突出部会影响其安全通过或运河的结构物造成危害者;

(7) When the vessel has a list of ten degrees or more. 船舶锚位达到10°或以上者;

(8) When visibility from the navigation bridge of a vessel does not meet minimum requirements as stated in Section 4.d and/or when in the judgment of the Transit Operations Division Executive Manager transit would present an extreme hazard. 船舶驾驶船桥的界不符合第4节e款的最低要求,以及/或者根据运河作业船长的判断,该船的通过会造成极度危害着=者。

(9) Vessels whose list, trim or handling characteristics are such as to endanger themselves, ACP appurtenances and/or a third party, may have such further limitations placed on them as the Canal Authority deems necessary to insure reasonable safety. 对于船舶的横倾、纵倾或操船性能会危及其自身。运河当局认为有必要需保证合理的安全程度。

l. Vessel Should Be Able to Relay at the Locks 船舶能够在水闸接替

Due to the increase in numbers and size of transiting vessels, relay lockage procedures have become the norm. This lockage procedure involves mooring to the lock wall inside the lock chamber; casting off all locks locomotives and receiving a different set of locks locomotives to continue the lockage. During this process, the affected vessel is subject to the vagaries of the wind and any associated lockage currents, and may contact the lock wall. Such contact may involve heeling of the vessel, which would bring the hull shell plating and any protrusions thereto, closer to the locomotives at the very time the locomotive must pass down the length of the vessel. Measures must be taken to ensure the safety of the vessel, locks equipment and their operators. To that end, all new vessels must maintain a minimum clearance of 3.3 feet (1 meter) between any locks equipment and any protrusions extending beyond the vertical plane of the hull shell plating at the waterline. Additionally, any vessel with windows, port lights, doors, side ports or other critical appurtenances below a level of 42.2 feet (12.9 m) above the waterline at transit draft must take measures to ensure its protection in case the vessel contacts the lock wall. 由于过境船只在数量和大小上增加,继电器船闸程序已成为常态。这个程序涉及在闸室内的系泊;摆脱所有水闸机车并接收不同的水闸机车来继续过闸。在这个期间,受到影响的船舶受反复无常的风和任何关联的船闸电流,并可能接触闸墙。这样的接触可能包含船舶倾斜,这将使船体壳板和任何突起,另外,临近机车,在很长的一段时间内机车必须沿着长度传下去。必须采取措施来确保船舶,水闸设备和操作者的安全。为了那个目的,所有新船舶必须保持一个最小3.3英尺在任何水闸设备和任何延伸出船体外板垂直面的突出物之间的间隙。此外,带窗户,港灯,门,舷侧舱口或其他附属物的在水线上42.2英尺船舶必须采取措施确保防护。

3.Requirement for Pilot Platforms and Shelters on Certain Vessels 对某些船舶的引水员平台和遮蔽物的规定

a. As required by the ACP Navigation Regulations, Article 64, suitable platforms and shelters must be provided by certain vessels for assisting pilots. Control pilots will position assisting pilots where they can best contribute to vessel control, which may be at any of the existing pilot platform locations:某些船舶必须为助理引水员提供合适的平台和遮蔽物。控制引航员将安置助理引水员在他们可以最好的有助于船舶控制的地方,这可能是在任何现有的试点平台位置

(1) Vessels with the bridge in the extreme after part of the vessel (assisting pilot platforms will be forward). 驾驶船桥设置在船舶的极后部位(助理引水员和平台将在船的首部);

(2) Vessels with the bridge in the extreme forepart of the vessel (assisting pilot platforms will be aft). 驾驶船桥设置在船舶的极前部位(助理引水员和平台将在船的尾部)

b. Based on current operating experience, the following vessels require these additional pilots to transit the locks of the Canal and therefore, must have these platforms and shelters available for use: 基于现行的操作经验,下列船只需要这些额外的引水员运输运河水闸,因此,必须使用这些平台和庇护所

(1) Vessels with a length overall of 900 feet (274.32 m) or more. 船长900英尺或更多的船舶

(2) Vessels with a length overall of 700 feet (274.32 m) or more and beam of 100 feet (30.48 m), not in compliance with Panama Canal visibility requirements. 船长700英尺或更多的船舶,船宽100英尺,不符合巴拿马运河可见性要求。

苏伊士运河,巴拿马运河对航行船舶的要求

苏伊士运河对航行船舶的要求 一、船舶舱室要求 1.为引水员提供适当的起居处所(高级船员级)。 2.为过运河时在船上的6~9名带缆艇艇员和2名看管运河探照灯的岸上 电工提供一个有遮蔽的处所。 二、系泊索 在甲板上适当地点至少应准备6根具有索端眼环的柔性可浮式系泊索,以备必要时在运河内靠绑用。其布置务必做到能迅速操作。 如果船上备有牵引系泊钢索,则上述绳索可减为4根。 对油船、液化石油气船、液化天然气船或任何装运易燃物质船舶,禁止使用在操作时会发生火花的系泊索。 为了便于操作,要求钢质系泊索周长不大于140毫米(5.5英寸)。 三、防火钢丝索 所有船舶应备有防火钢丝索2根,分别系牢在船首尾两端,并垂挂在舷外,以备应急时使用。 四、舵角指示器和主机转速指示器 在驾驶台应安装舵角批示器和主机转速批示器,其位置与照明便于引水员不离开岗位而能读取。 五、探照灯 一盏探照灯设置在船首端中心轴线上,要求能照亮(约1勒克司)运河前方1800米远处,并能分为左右各5o二个光束,此二光束间的暗区可从0o调节到10o。 白炽灯功率对于30000总吨以下船舶为2000瓦。30000总吨以上船舶为3000瓦。如为其他型式灯具其发光强度不小于3×106坎德拉。 电器系统(开关、插头、插座、电缆)应为一级船用型。防护等 级符合IP55或类似标准。 严格要求在某一发电机发生故障停机时,确保探照灯不中断工作。 探照灯一般可以租用,但对球鼻首船、液化石油气运输船和液化

天然气运输船一定要自备探照灯。直接从海上进入运河的船舶也必须设置自备的探照灯。 六、高架灯(甲板灯) 高架灯(OVERHEAD LIGHTS)应足够照亮本船周围所有方向,构成的照明区在水平方向最小距离为200米(约650英尺)。 七、桥楼探照灯 在桥楼任何一舷设置桥楼探照灯作为过河和系泊时照亮河岸用。构成照明功率在大气传递因数T=0.74时其照度约为4勒克司。最小距离为200米。 八、烟囱 应照亮烟囱,便于在夜间识别船舶。 九、带缆艇用起重设备 带缆艇可以租用,但船上应配备能起吊4吨重带缆艇用的起重设备。带缆艇的操作应不在船舶螺旋桨区内进行。 十、舷梯与引水员梯 在运河外的北部或南部锚泊区,引水员可利用引水员梯上下船。 引水员梯放置应自海平面至登船点距离不大于12英尺(3.65米),自引水员梯至船上可利用舷梯或其他安全方便的工具。 引水员梯的踏步板长度不小于482毫米(19英寸),宽度不小于114毫米(4.5英寸),厚度不小于25.4毫米(1英寸)。梯的踏步板间距不小于305毫米(12英寸),也不大于381毫米(15英寸)。并设有扶索和拉杆。 在运河、港湾和湖泊内应使用舷梯供引水员登船和离船。 十一、无线电通讯设备 船舶在进入运河前必须使其无线电通讯或无线电话设施处于良好工作状态。 船舶应设有一台甚高频通信装置,它可方便地在桥楼进行操作,其频率范围为156-174兆赫(频道9、11、12、13、14、15及16)。 苏伊士运河管理局的无线电台以421千赫频率发信。船舶向该电台发信必须使用425千赫,454千赫或468千赫。

巴拿马运河英文简介

History The history of the Panama Canal goes back to 16th century. After realizing the riches of Peru, Ecuador, and Asia, and counting the time it took the gold to reach the ports of Spain, it was suggested c.1524 to Charles V, that by cutting out a piece of land somewhere in Panama, the trips would be made shorter and the risk of taking the treasures through the isthmus would justify such an enterprise. A survey of the isthmus was ordered and subsequently a working plan for a canal was drawn up in 1529. The wars in Europe and the thirsts for the control of kingdoms in the Mediterranean Sea simply put the project on permanent hold. In 1534 a Spanish official suggested a canal route close to that of the now present canal. Later, several other plans for a canal were suggested, but no action was taken. The Spanish government subsequently abandoned its interest in the canal. In the early 19th century the books of the German scientist Alexander von Humboldt revived interest in the project, and in 1819 the Spanish government formally authorized the construction of a canal and the creation of a company to build it. The discovery of gold in California in 1848 and the rush of would-be miners stimulated Americas interest in digging the canal

拉美地区简介

拉丁美洲基本概况 拉丁美洲的概念含义: ?全称:拉丁亚美利加洲,是指美国以南的美洲地区,地处北纬32°42′和南纬56°54′之间,包括墨西哥、中美洲、西印度群岛和南美洲。因长期曾沦为拉丁语族的西班牙和葡萄牙的殖民地,现有国家中绝大多数通行的语言属拉丁语族,故被称为拉丁美洲。

?“拉丁美洲”这一名词的由来:由“美洲”和“拉丁的”组成,而“美洲这一名词的提出又经历了三个阶段:1,1492年10月哥伦布发现新大陆却以为到达亚洲的印度,将其称为”las Indias”;2,1501-1503年意大利航海家 Américo Vespucio奉葡萄牙国王之命曾航行至此并在叙述自己航海经历的信中写到:我们可以确切地称哥伦布发现的陆地为“新大陆”。”“新大陆” 的概念首次问世,哥伦布发现的新陆地不再被认为是亚洲,而是一块不同于其它大洲的新陆地。从而产生了真正意义上的美洲,但名称尚未确定;3,德国地理学家Martín Waldseemüller在地图上根据那位意大利航海家的名字将这块陆地命名为“America”(亚美利加),欧洲人普遍接受了这一概念,“亚美利加洲”(简称“美洲”)这一名词随流传于世。而“拉丁美洲”这一名词最早是在19世纪30年代时由法国人正式提出的。 ?“拉丁美洲”这一名词在国际组织和机构中一直沿用到20世纪70年代。60-70年代原英属的安的列斯群岛中的一些岛屿和圭亚那先后脱离英国独立,加勒比海地区的政治、经济、文化在国际上得到关注,遂国际组织和机构更名为“拉丁美洲和加勒比海地区”,以表明其在政治经济文化上别于拉美其他地区的特殊性。

◆国家: ?一共有33个国家:墨西哥、危地马拉、伯利兹、洪都拉斯、萨尔瓦多、尼加拉瓜、哥斯达黎加、巴拿马、古巴、海地、多米尼加、牙买加、特立尼达和多巴哥、巴巴多斯、格林纳达、多米尼加联邦、圣卢西亚、圣文森特和格林纳丁斯、安提瓜和巴布达、圣基茨和尼维斯、巴哈马、圭亚那、苏里南、委内瑞拉、哥伦比亚、巴西、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁、玻利维亚、智利、阿根廷、巴拉圭、乌拉圭。还有仍处于美、英、法、荷统治下的十多个殖民地。 ◆国体: ?拉丁美洲地区现共有33个独立国家。这33个国家中,古巴是惟一的社会主义国家,其余32个国家都是资本主义国家。 ◆政体:总统制、议会制、混合制: ?18个西语国家中16个国家采用总统制,0个采用议会制,1个采用混合制(秘鲁),一个采用人民政权代表大会制(古巴) ◆国家结构: ?拉美33个独立国家中,有29个国家采用单一制;其余4个国家即墨西哥、委内瑞拉、巴西和阿根廷采用了复合制中的联邦制。

渔业船舶法定检验规则

第二篇检验与发证 第1章通则 第1节一般规定 1.1.1 渔业船舶的所有人、经营者或代理人(以下简称船舶所有人)须按本篇的规定申报检验。 1.1.2 所有渔业船舶在首次投入营运之前须申报初次检验。 1.1.3 营运渔业船舶须按本篇规定申报营运船舶检验。 1.1.4 船舶所有人须按本篇规定申报吨位丈量、核定载重线。 1.1.5 渔业船舶的主要船用产品,须按本篇的规定申报产品检验。 1.1.6 验船部门受理检验的范围,须按主管机关的规定执行。 1.1.7 检验依据 1.1.7.1 本规则是执行渔业船舶法定检验的依据。

1.1.7.2 主管机关颁布的其他规定是本规则的组成部分。 1.1.7.3 除另有明文规定外,主管机关颁布的指导性文件均属于非强制性的。 1.1.7.4 渔业船舶结构除须符合本规则的相应规定外,其船舶强度、结构、布置、材料、构件尺寸、机械设备、电气设备、冷藏装置、防火结构、焊接、锅炉和其他受压容器及其附件等,其设计与安装应适用于预定的用途,且应符合主管机关颁布或承认的建造规范、标准的有关规定。 1.1.7.5 本规则各篇的规定已涵盖了下列有关国际公约、议定书(包括修正案)、规则等对渔业船舶的要求: 1) 1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约(简称69吨位公约); 2) 1966年国际船舶载重线公约及1988年议定书(简称66载重线公约); 3) 1974年国际海上人命安全公约及其议定书和修正案(简称SOLAS 公约1974); 4) 1972年国际海上避碰规则及其修正案(简称72避碰规则); 5) 1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约78年议定书及1988年议定书(简称MARPOL 73/78公约);

巴拿马运河

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metacenter 稳心 metacentric height 稳心高 metal plate path 金属板电镀槽 metal worker 金属工 metric unit 公制单位 middle line plane 中线面 midship section 舯横剖面 midship section coefficient 中横剖面系数 ML 物资清单,物料表 model tank 船模试验水池 monitoring desk of main engine operation 主机操作监视台monitoring screen of screw working condition 螺旋桨运转监视屏more shape to the shell 船壳板的形状复杂 mould loft 放样间 multihull vessel 多体船 multi-purpose carrier 多用途船 multi-ship program 多种船型建造规划 mushroom ventilator 蘑菇形通风桶 mutually exclusive attribute 相互排它性的属性 N/C 数值控制 nautical mile 海里 naval architecture 造船学 navigation area 航区 navigation deck 航海甲板 near-universal gear 准万向舵机,准万向齿轮 net-load curve 静载荷曲线 neutral axis 中性轴,中和轴 neutral equilibrium 中性平衡 non-retractable fin stabilizer 不可收放式减摇鳍 normal 法向的,正交的 normal operating condition 常规运作状况 nose cone 螺旋桨整流帽 notch 开槽,开凹口 oar 橹,桨 oblique bitts 斜式双柱系缆桩 ocean going ship 远洋船 off-center loading 偏离中心的装载 offsets 型值 offshore drilling 离岸钻井 offshore structure 离岸工程结构物 oil filler 加油点 oil skimmer 浮油回收船 oil-rig 钻油架

介绍世界和中国著名的水路运输通路

水路运输通道可以分为三大类:运河、海峡和自然河流,以下是具体的分类: 海峡、英吉利海峡 一、运河 1. 巴拿马运河 巴拿马运河是世界上最具有战略意义的两条人工水道之一,另一条为苏伊士运河。行驶于美国东西海岸之间的船只,原先不得不绕道南美洲的合恩角(Cape Horn),使用巴拿马运河后可缩短航程约15,000公里(8,000海里)。由北美洲的一侧海岸至另一侧的南美洲港口也可节省航程多达 6,500公里(3,500海里)。航行于欧洲与东亚或澳大利亚之间的船只经由该运河也可减少航程3,700公里(2,000海里)。巴拿马运河全长81.3千米,水深13米~15米不等,河宽152米至304米。整个运河的水位高出两大洋26米,设有6座船闸。船舶通过运河一般需要9个小时,可以通航76000吨级的轮船。

1914年8月15日巴拿马运河正式通航,极大地缩短了美国东西海岸间的航程,比绕合恩角缩短了1万4千8百公里。在第二次世界大战期间美国利用运河将航空母舰送去补充几乎被毁灭的太平洋舰队。航空母舰虽然能够通过运河,但要需要先拆除航标,腾出航道。2004年财政年度期间总共有14,035艘船只,总吃水266,916,576吨通过巴拿马运河。运河的主权于1999年交还巴拿马,由于运河无法通过巨型油轮和如今的大型航空母舰,美国正在计划在中美洲其他地方开凿新的运河。通过运河的全程需花费10小时。平均每艘船只通行费约为13,430美元。 巴拿马运河由美国建成,自1914年通航至1979年间一直由美国独自掌控。不过,在1979年运河的控制权转交给巴拿马运河委员会(由美国和巴拿马共和国共同组成的一个联合机构),并于1999年12月31日正式将全部控制权交给巴拿马。运河的经营管理交由巴拿马运河管理局负责,而管理局只向巴拿马政府负责。 巴拿马运河承担着全世界5%的贸易货运。中国是巴拿马运河的第二大用户。 2. 苏伊士运河 这条运河允许欧洲与亚洲之间的南北双向水运,而不必绕过非洲南端的

巴拿马运河

巴拿马运河的重要意义 许多世界著名的超级工程,都为人类社会做出重要贡献,巴拿马运河与埃及的苏伊士运河被公认为世界上最具军事战略意义的两条人工水道,巴拿马运河更是被誉为世界七大工程奇迹之一和“世界桥梁”。 巴拿马运河位于中美洲巴拿马共和国中部,连接太平洋和大西洋,是全球重要的航运要道。它承担着全世界5%的贸易货运,也是巴拿马四大经济支柱之一。巴拿马运河由美国人修建,于1914年竣工。运河的启用大大缩减了跨洋航运距离。此前行驶于美国东西海岸之间的船只,必须绕道南美洲合恩角,巴拿马运河通航后,航程缩短了约1.5万公里,由北美洲一侧海岸至南美洲另一侧港口的航程缩短了6500公里。航行于欧洲与东亚或澳大利亚之间的船只经巴拿马运河也可减少航程3700公里。运河全长81.3公里,河面最宽处为304米,最窄处只有152米,水深13.5米至26.5米,可以通航宽度不超过32米的船只,运河区总面积约1432平方公里。船只通过此运河往来太平洋和大西洋间,比绕道南美洲合恩角缩短路程约1.4万公里;从欧洲至亚洲东部或澳大利亚缩短3200公里。 巴拿马运河是世界最大的水闸式运河。运河连接的大西洋和太平洋水位相差较大,运河大部分河段的水面比海面高出26米。但很多人都认为大西洋和太平洋海平面都差不多一样高,为什么不一直打通,走起来方便,却建造一个嘉顿湖将淡水升高至海拔85尺,采取水闸式运作呢?这恰好就是原设计人聪明的地方。主要原因是要让有

盐的海水侵蚀运河区,利用丰富的淡水资源来操作、发电、饮用,同时造起来比较经济。为调整水位差,建造了6座船闸。船只通过运河,一般需要8至9小时。在2002年总共有13185条船通过巴拿马运河,总重187.8万吨,共收入5.88亿美元,任何船只宁可付过河费也不愿浪费时间走南美洲南端兜一圈,行程增加九千哩,以每小时25哩速度行驶,额外花费十多天时间。 巴拿马运河如此便捷运输航道给巴拿马政府带来的经济效益十分显著。巴拿马全国约60亿美元的经济活动与运河息息相关,金额占巴拿马国内生产总值的80%。但同时巴拿马运河的控制权归属值得一提,自1914年通航至1979年,巴拿马运河由美巴共同组建“巴拿马运河管理委员会”管理,实质上一直由美国掌控。美国将运河沿岸1432平方公里的地区设为运河区,区内由美国任命总督管辖,悬挂美国国旗,实行美国法律。运河区成了美国在巴拿马的一个“国中之国”。如果说拉美是美国的后院,那么巴拿马就是大门。美国在运河区常驻重兵,先后建立了14座军事基地或要塞,并成立了“加勒比海司令部”,后又扩大为“南方司令部”,负责美国本土以外西半球的三军行动。经过巴拿马人民半个多世纪的不懈斗争,1977年9月,巴拿马的奥马尔·托里霍斯将军和美国时任总统吉米·卡特签署条约,规定美国于1999年12月31日将运河全部控制权交还巴拿马,美国从巴拿马撤军,运河运营的全部收入上缴巴拿马政府。 自2003年以来,每年8、9月份,由美军南方司令部牵头的“联盟力量”军演都会在巴拿马运河太平洋入海口附近展开。来自拉美、

海运术语

ORC: 原产地接收费(广东地区征收)($141/269/269) THC: 码头操作费($71/112/112 ISPS:俗称安检费或反恐费($10每柜) DOC: 文件费(有的收$30, ¥200) TLX: 电放费(¥150)上面那四个费用,如果是做FOB 条款的话,都必须由SHIPPER 来承担。 B 如果走散货出口的话,中间有个CFS,所谓的拼箱费,也是需要SHIPPER 承担的。 C. AMS, 北美航线特有的舱单录入费($25)可以到付也可以预付,但因为都是在装运港这边先做预申报,也一般都是由SHIPPER 来承担。 中间指定货代会收一个HANDLING FEE,所谓的操作费,这个也必须是SHIPPER支付的,毕竟指定货代付出了劳动,取得相应的报酬也是应该的,附指定船公司开操作FO B货的话就不会产生HANDLING FEE. D 其他等名目众多的费用,都是跟着运费走. BAF-- Bunker Adjustment Factor 燃油附加费 CAF-- Currency Adjustment Factor 货币贬值附加费随月变动 PCS-- Port Congestion Surcharge 港口拥挤附加费 LIS ISPS(安检费或反恐费($10每柜)) ************************* 各航线运杂费基本构成: 1 北美(含墨西哥)航线:ORC+AMS+DOC+(ISPS)+(TLX)夏威夷群岛的火奴鲁鲁,N YK有服务到此地点. 2 中美洲,加勒比海和南美西航线:ORC+DOC+(TLX) 3 南美西主要是哥伦比亚,秘鲁,厄瓜多尔,玻利维亚和智利这几个国家,加勒比海有的港口需要附加AMS,大部分都不需要。 4 南美东航线(主要是巴西,阿根廷,巴拉圭和乌拉圭这几个国家):THC+DOC+(T LX) 5 澳洲航线:THC+DOC+(TLX)包括新西兰和南太平洋群岛的很多偏点,如斐济群岛等。

(完整版)世界十大邮轮企业介绍(2)

MSC意大利地中海邮轮 MSC邮轮是世界上最大的意大利邮轮公司,旗下所有邮轮均达世界级。至2009年,MSC邮轮之数量将达12艘,可提供超过10万张船位,确保了其欧洲邮轮市场上的领导地位。MSC邮轮在不断扩充其邮轮队伍的同时,依旧保持着高水平的船上服务。意大利美食,热情好客之道,设计及考究的内部装饰,这些都是MSC邮轮哲学的基础――致力给客人提供度身订造之完美服务。 世界十大邮轮公司介绍 自1990年之后,全球的邮轮公司如雨后春笋般大量涌现,并纷纷致力于建造更大、更新、更豪华的巨型邮轮,邮轮旅游已开始变得愈来愈平民化。在欧美及亚洲发达地区,短天数、低价位的邮轮产品更颠覆了它高不可攀的传统形象,成为人人消费得起的大众化旅游产品。 邮轮风行全球,有赖于它是纯粹的休闲。 她说:“这样的享受真是第一次!13层的邮轮就像一座浮在海上的城市,一般的风浪绝不会引起它的晃动。船上餐厅、客房、剧场、购物中心、健身房、游泳池、图书馆、游戏厅、酒吧、桑拿一应俱全,陆地上有的这里都有。船上没有什么达官显贵,也都是和我一样的普通游客。我最喜欢的方式是要上一杯咖啡,透过舷窗欣赏一望无际的大海,听听海鸥的鸣唱,感受新鲜的阳光和海风。每到一地,还可以上岸观光,就这样,四五天不知不觉就过去了,既充实又舒适,与过去参加过的旅游团完全不同。”悠闲浪漫与自主性强,是邮轮最大的特色,这种已有150年历史的旅游方式因此能够历久不衰。 全球著名邮轮总动员: 嘉年华邮轮(CarnivalCruise)是世界最大最受欢迎的邮轮公司,有30多艘邮轮,航线包括墨西哥、阿拉斯加、夏威夷等地。 皇家加勒比邮轮(Royal Caribbean International)创立于公元1969年, 是全世界规模最大、服务最好的邮轮公司之一,旗下包括三个邮轮公司:皇家加勒比国际Royal Caribbean Int’l 、名人号邮轮Celebrity Cruises 及皇家名人旅游Royal Celebrity Tour。 名人邮轮(CelebrityCruises)拥有世纪号、银河号等多支船队,航行于美国及太平洋海岸。 歌诗达邮轮(CostaCruises)是“意大利风格”邮轮的代表,以热诚的服务及美食著称。 迪斯尼邮轮(DisneyCruiseLine)世界上惟一一艘由迪斯尼设计建造的邮轮,将迪斯尼世界和海上巡游完美结合起来,航行于加勒比海地区。 荷美邮轮(HollandAmerica)曾被评为“整体最佳邮轮”,船上聘请了世界名厨制作菜肴,在全世界253个港口、旅游地停靠。 维京邮轮(VikingLine)北欧最主要的邮轮公司之一,拥有7艘世界级豪华邮轮,往返于芬兰与瑞典之间。 公主邮轮(PrincessCruises)该邮轮豪华致极,能带领游客前往美洲、加勒比海、欧洲、非洲、印度及南太平洋各地。 美国邮轮(UnitedStatesLine) 丽星邮轮(StarCruise)由马来西亚“云顶”老板投资创建,航线遍布世界,在亚太地区处于领导地位。它旗下共有11艘以星座命名的邮轮,组成“丽星系列”。丽星在新马泰、日本、韩国及我国香港都开辟有航线,是最贴近亚洲人的邮轮。

集装箱船舶巴拿马运河过河操作_方敏儿

摘要:巴拿马运河是世界上最具有战略意义的两条人工水道之一。巴拿马运河全长81.3千米,水深13~25米不等,河宽150米至304米。整个运河的水位高出两大洋26米,设有6座船闸。船舶通过运河一般需要9个小时,可以通航76 000吨级的轮船。本文介绍了集装箱船舶过巴拿马运河的操作,主要涉及过河手续、船舶盲区和吃水等要求。关键词:集装箱船舶 运河 安全操作 0 引言 当前,巴拿马运河的通航能力为每日40艘船舶左右,以2012年11月29日为例,南下28艘,北上23艘,共41艘。巴拿马运河具有自己的一套相当完整的法规,并且根据航运的发展而不断地完善,过河的要求和习惯也不同与其他的运河。本人就目前的运河状况和近来的过河实际操作之体会,探讨巴拿马运河集装箱船舶过河操作。1 过河预备1.1 首次过河要求 办理《巴拿马运河船上油污应急计划》(PCSOPEP),船舶代理必须在抵达运河前办妥,自当局签发后,有效期为四年。船舶应备有相关的应变部署,船员应进行必要的训练和演习(可与通常的溢油应变演习会同)。船长应组织船员行动有效地制止溢油,船长应对溢油应变部署的训练和演习作相应的评估。船长必须每年进行两次授权人员报告通知训练,此项训练通常应以通话形式进行。在完成通话训练后,船长应以书面形式通过电子邮件或电传或传真于代理并得到回复确认,以便证明此项训练的真实性和有效性。1.2 巴拿马运河最小能见距离要求 巴拿马运河海运规则(APC Maritime Regulation Book),巴拿马运河当局公告No.N-1-2012(此通告每年1月1日更新) Marine Technology 航海技术 等规定,通过巴拿马运河的所有船舶必须遵守以下驾驶台最小能见距: 1)载有货物的船舶,在任何吃水和吃水差的情况下,任意的驾驶台指挥位(CONNING1、2、3、4、5,下同)向船首方向水面的能见距离不应小于一个船长; 2)压载状态的船舶,任意的驾驶台指挥位向船首方向水面的能见距离不应小于一个半船长; 3)如果由于货物设备或正前方其他物品的影响,正常指挥位的视角受到阻碍,受阻碍的整个弧度不应超过15°; 4)在驾驶台的两翼的指挥位应清楚船壳的水线标志; 5)如果运河当局认为驾驶台的能见距离存在危险,船舶应签署证明并承担责任。 注:指挥位(Conning Position)1位于驾驶台船艏线位置;指挥位2在指挥位1的左侧(离指挥位1最近窗口处,则船艏线方向的阻碍物不受影响处,指挥位3相同);指挥位3在指挥位1的右侧;指挥位4在驾驶台左翼;指挥位5在驾驶台右翼;无船舶克令吊之集装箱船舶需要的只是指挥位1、2、3,如图1。1.3集装箱船舶最小能见距离要求 集装箱船舶符合以下要求和条件者,在无法遵守上述1.2所要求的,则被允许通过运河: 1)船长必须达700英尺(213.36米)或以上,或船宽100英尺(30.48米)及以上; 2)正前方视线清楚,因此,船舶不可配置有影响前方视线的中心线克令吊或货物装卸设备; 3)在任何吃水和吃水差下,驾驶台指挥位1的甲板货物所影响的能见距不得大于2倍船长或500米(取较小者),其二侧的视角不得大于10°; 4)在抵港前,安装妥符合巴拿马海运条例第64章节所规 方敏儿 ( 中远集团“海法”轮 上海 200090) 集装箱船舶巴拿马运河

BIMCO简介

BIMCO是一个怎样的组织 波罗的海国际航运公会,英文全称为The Baltic and International Maritime Council, 简称BIMCO,是一个具有100多年历史且目前是世界上最大的、运营最多样化的国际航运组织。作为一个知名的航运非政府组织(NGO),BIMCO与其他海运组织联系非常紧密,在诸多联合国机构中担任观察员,如国际海事组织(IMO)、联合国经济及社会理事会(ECOSOC)及国际商会(ICC)等。同时,BIMCO与欧盟、美国及亚洲的海运管理者、政策制定者以及其他利益方之间也始终保持着密切的沟通。 目前,BIMCO已有120个成员国,2500多个会员,其中955个船东会员、1413家船舶代理和经纪会员、46家保险公司和保赔协会会员和94家其他航运组织会员。值得一提的是,BIMCO的船东会员共拥有1.4万多艘船舶,5.25亿载重吨的运力,约占世界海运业总运力的65%,在全球航运业中具有举足轻重的地位。 BIMCO的职责是什么 BIMCO一直致力于提升国际航运政策和法规的公正和平衡,是各类航运政策制定者和其他利益方获取航运实用信息的首选,更是一个值得信赖的合作伙伴。BIMCO已被公认为当今世界上最大、最具影响力以及最高效的一个国际航运组织。 BIMCO可以给你带来哪些服务 ?BIMCO的标准合同和条款 据估计,目前国际海运和相关行业中有将近3/4的合同采用了BIMCO标准的合同和条款,其中包括租船行业中的GENCON 94、BOXTIME 2004、GENTIME等;提单中的AUSTWHEATBILL等;船舶管理中的SHIPMAN98、CREWMAN A/B等;船舶拖带中的TOWCON和TOWHIRE;船舶买卖中的SALEFORM87/93;修船业中的REPAIRCON;新造船业中的NEWBUILDCON。会员可通过BIMCO 网络可编辑合同 (简称IDEA, 全称为 I nternet D ocument E diting A pplication) 获取对包括上述标准文本在内的近70余份合同范本,从而根据合同磋商内容轻松快捷地实现对合同范本的编辑和修订。 目前,BIMCO的文件委员会正在对82余份标准合同和80项补充条款有序地进行研究和咨询工作,并由专门的分委员会根据世界航运政策和法规的变化,负责对各领域标准合同和条款进行及时的补充和更新,以维护标准合同的实用性和有效性。 ?提供信息服务 BIMCO通过网站向其全球会员提供的信息量足以让你惊叹!这里,你将轻松地找到与你日常业务交易息息相关的营运和合同方面的各类信息、建议和指南。BIMCO被认为是一个最值得信赖以及最全面的航运信息提供者。 BIMCO平均每天为世界各地会员提供多达150项咨询服务。BIMCO的会员能免费从https://www.sodocs.net/doc/981974283.html,网站上获得各类港口和航运市场信息,如全球港口情况、货物资料、冰冻信息、成本建议、费率信息、燃料价格、公司信息查询、航运市场报告、海运技术协助、航运安全指南、航运贸易限制等信息。同时,BIMCO向会员提供租约争议的咨询和协助介入服务。

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