外文翻译--物联网

Internet of Things

1. The definition of connotation

The English name of Internet of Things, referred to as: the IOT. Internet of Things through the pass, radio frequency identification technology, global positioning system technology, real-time acquisition of any monitoring, connectivity, interactive objects or processes, collecting their sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, the location of a variety of the information you need network access through a variety of possible things and things, objects and people in the Pan-link intelligent perception of items and processes, identification and management. The Internet of Things IntelliSense recognition technology and pervasive computing, ubiquitous network integration application, known as the third wave of the world's information industry development following the computer, the Internet. Not so much the Internet of Things is a network, as Internet of Things services and applications; Internet of Things is also seen as Internet application development. Therefore, the application of innovation is the core of the development of Internet of Things, and the user experience as the core innovation is the soul of Things.

2. The meaning of "material"

Where the "objects" to meet the following conditions can be included in the scope of the "Internet of Things":

1. Receiver have the appropriate information;

2. Have a data transmission path;

3. Have a certain storage capabilities;

4. To have the CPU;

5.To have the operating system;

6. Have specialized applications;

7. Have a data transmitter;

8. Follow the communication protocol of Things;

9. World Network, a unique number that can be identified.

3. "Chinese style" as defined in

Internet of Things (Internet of Things) refers to is the ubiquitous

(Ubiquitous) terminal equipment (Devices) and facilities (Facilities), including with the "inner intelligence" sensors, mobile terminals, industrial systems, floor control system, the family of Intelligentfacilities, video surveillance systems, and external can "(Enabled), such as RFID, a variety of assets (the Assets), personal and vehicle carrying the wireless terminal" intelligent objects or animals "or" smart dust "(the Mote), through a variety of wireless and / or cable over long distances and / or short-range communication networks to achieve interoperability (M2M), application integration (the Grand Integration), and based on cloud computing, SaaS operation mode, in internal network (intranet), private network (extranet), and / or the Internet (Internet) environment, the use of appropriate information security mechanisms to provide a safe, controlled and even personalized real-time online monitoring, retrospective positioning, alarm linkage, command and control plan management, remote control, security, remote repair and maintenance, online upgrades, statistical reporting, decision support, the leadership of the desktop (showcase of the Cockpit Dashboard) management and service functions, "Everything," "efficient, energy saving, security environmental protection, "" possession, control, Camp integration.

4.EU definition

In September 2009, the Internet of Things and enterprise environments held in Beijing, China-EU Seminar on the European Commission and Social Media Division RFID Division is responsible for Dr. Lorent Ferderix, given the EU's definition of things: the Internet of Things is a dynamic global network infrastructure, it has a standards-based and interoperable communication protocols, self-organizing capabilities, including physical and virtual "objects" of identity, physical attributes, virtual features and smart interface and seamless integration of information networks . Internet of Things Internet and media, the Internet and business Internet one, constitute the future of the Internet.

5．change

The Internet of Things (Internet of Things) the word universally recognized at home and abroad Ashton, Professor of the MIT Auto-ID Center

in 1999 first proposed to study RFID. The report of the same name released in 2005, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the definition and scope of the Internet of Things has been a change in the coverage of a larger expansion, no longer refers only to the Internet of Things based on RFID technology.

Since August 2009, Premier WenJiabao put forward the "Experience China" Internet of Things was officially listed as a national one of the five emerging strategic industries, to write the "Government Work Report" Internet of Things in China has been the great concern of the society as a whole degree of concern is unparalleled in the United States, European Union, as well as other countries.

The concept of Internet of Things is not so much a foreign concept, as it has been the concept of a "Made in China", his coverage of the times, has gone beyond the scope of the 1999 Ashton professor and the 2005 ITU report referred to, Internet of Things has been labeled a "Chinese style" label.

6．Background

The concept of Internet of Things in 1999. Internet-based, RFID technology and EPC standards, on the basis of the computer Internet, the use of radio frequency identification technology, wireless data communication technology, a global items of information to real-time sharing of the physical Internet "Internet of things" (referred to as the Internet of Things), which is also the basis of the first round of the China Internet of Things boom set off in 2003.

The sensor network is built up based on sensing technology network. Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1999 on the start sensor network research and has made some achievements in scientific research, the establishment of applicable sensor network.1999, held in the United States, mobile computing and networking International Conference, "The sensor network is a development opportunity facing humanity in the next century. In 2003, the United States, "Technology Review" proposed sensor network technology will be future changes ten people's lives first.

November 17, 2005, the WSIS held in Tunis (WSIS), the International Telecommunication Union released ITU Internet Report 2005: Internet of

Things ", citing the concept of the" Internet of things ". The report pointed out that the ubiquitous "Internet of Things" communication era is approaching, all the objects in the world, from tires to toothbrushes, from housing to the tissue via the Internet, take the initiative to be exchanged. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), sensor technology, nanotechnology, intelligent embedded technology will be more widely used.

According to the description of the ITU, the era of things, a short-range mobile transceivers embedded in a variety of daily necessities, human beings in the world of information and communication will receive a new communication dimension, from any time communication between people of the place of connection extended to the communication connection between persons and things and things and things. The Internet of Things concept of the rise, largely due to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the title of Internet of Things 2005 annual Internet Report. However, the ITU report the lack of a clear definition of Things.

Domestic Internet of Things is also there is no single standard definition, but the Internet of Things In essence, the Internet of Things is a polymer application of modern information technology to a certain stage of development and technological upgrading of various sensing technology modern network technology and artificial intelligence and automation technology aggregation and integration of applications, so that the human and material wisdom of dialogue to create a world of wisdom. Because the development of the Internet of Things technology, involving almost all aspects of IT, innovative application and development of a polymer, systematic, and therefore be called revolutionary innovation of information industry. Summed up the nature of the Internet of Things is mainly reflected in three aspects: First, the Internet features that need to be networked objects must be able to achieve the interoperability of the Internet; identification and communication features, that is included in the Internet of Things "objects" must to have the functions of automatic identification and physical objects communication (M2M); intelligent features, the network system should have automated, self-feedback and intelligent control features

January 28, 2009, Obama became the President of the United States, held with U.S. business leaders a "round table", as one of the only two representatives, IBM CEO Sam Palmisano for the first time that "the wisdom of the Earth" this concept, it is recommended that the new government to invest in a new generation of intelligent infrastructure.

February 24, 2009 news, IBM Greater China CEO money crowd called "Smarter Planet" strategy announced in the forum 2009IBM.

This concept was put forth, that is the great concern of the United States from all walks of life, and even analysts believe that IBM's vision is very likely to rise to U.S. national strategy, and caused a sensation in the world. IBM believes that the industry, the next phase of the mission is to make full use of the new generation of IT technology in all walks of life among specifically, is the embedded sensors and equipment to the power grid, railways, bridges, tunnels, highways, buildings, water supply systems dams, oil and gas pipelines and other objects, and is generally connected to the formation of Things.

Strategy conference, IBM, and implant the concept of "wisdom" in the implementation of the infrastructure, strong, not only in the short term to stimulate the economy, promote employment, and in a short period of time for China to build a mature wisdom infrastructure platform.

IBM "Smarter Planet" strategy will set off again after the wave of Internet technology industrial revolution. Former IBM CEO Lou Gerstner has raised an important point of view, every 15 years, a revolution in computing model. This judgment is the same as Moore's Law accurately call it a "15-year cycle Law". Before and after 1965, changes to the mainframe as a symbol, 1980 marked by the popularization of personal computers, 1995, the Internet revolution. Each such technological change are caused by the enterprise, industry and even the national competitive landscape of major upheaval and change. To a certain extent in the Internet revolution is ripening by the "information superhighway" strategy. 1990s, the Clinton administration plan for 20 years, $ 200 billion to -4000 billion, construction of the U.S. National Information Infrastructure, to create a huge economic and social benefits.

Today, the "Smarter Planet" strategy by many Americans that there are

many similarities with the "information superhighway", the same they revive the economy, a key strategy for competitive advantage. The strategy can be set off, not only for the United States, such as the Internet revolution was the wave of technological and economic concern, more attention from the world.

"Internet of Things prospects are very bright, it will dramatically change our current way of life." Demonstration director of the Center of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Electrical and Electronic Zhao Guoan said. Industry experts said that the Internet of things to our life personification of the things became a kind of human.Goods (goods) in the world of physical objects associated with each other "exchange", without the need for human intervention. The Internet of Things using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, to achieve the interconnection and sharing of the automatic identification of goods (products) and information through the computer Internet. It can be said that the Internet of Things depict the world is full of intelligent. In the world of Internet of Things, material objects connected to the dragnet.

The second session, held at Peking University in November 2008, China Mobile Government Seminar "Knowledge Society and Innovation 2.0", the experts made the mobile technology, the Internet of Things technology led to the development of economic and social form, innovative forms of change, and promote the The next generation of innovation for the knowledge society as the core of user experience (innovative 2.0) the formation of innovation and development of the form to pay more attention to the user to focus on people-oriented. Research institutions is expected to 10 years, the Internet of Things may be mass adoption of this technology will develop into one of thousands of yuan-scale high-tech market, the industry than the Internet 30 times.

It is learned that the things industry chain can be broken down into the identity, perception, processing and information transfer, four links, each link of the key technologies for the wireless transmission network of RFID, sensors, smart chip and telecom operators. EPOSS in the "Internet of Things in 2020" report, an analysis predicted that the future

development of the Internet of Things will go through four stages, 2010, RFID is widely used in the field of logistics, retail and pharmaceutical objects interconnect 2010 to 2015, 2015 ~ In 2020, the object into the semi-intelligent, intelligent objects into 2020.

As the vanguard of the Internet of Things, RFID has become the most concerned about the technology market. The data show that the global RFID market size in 2008 from $ 4.93 billion in 2007 rose to $ 5.29 billion, this figure covers all aspects of the RFID market, including tags, readers and other infrastructure, software and services. RFID card and card-related infrastructure will account for 57.3 percent of the market, reaching $ 3.03 billion. Application from financial and security industries will drive the market growth of RFID cards. Analysis International forecasts, the Chinese RFID market size in 2009 will reach 5.0 billion, a CAGR of 33%, in which the electronic tag is more than 3.8 billion Yuan, the reader close to 700 million yuan, software and services market to reach 500 million Yuan pattern.

MEMS is the abbreviation of the micro-electromechanical systems, MEMS technology is built on the basis of micro / nano, the market prospect is broad. The main advantage of the MEMS sensor is the small size, large-scale mass production cost reduction, mainly used in two major areas of automotive and consumer electronics. Under ICInsight the latest report is expected in 2007-2012, global sales of semiconductor sensors and actuators based on MEMS will reach 19 percent compound annual growth rate (CAGR), compared with $ 4.1 billion in 2007 to five years will achieve $ 9.7 billion in annual sales.

7．Principle

Internet of Things is on the basis of the computer Internet, RFID, wireless data communications technology, to construct a cover everything in the world's "Internet of Things". In this network, the goods (products) to each other "exchange", without the need for human intervention. Its essence is the use of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to achieve the interconnection and sharing of the automatic identification of goods (products) and information through the computer Internet.

The Internet of Things is a very important technology is radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. RFID is radio frequency identification (Radio Frequency Identification) technology abbreviation, is an automatic identification technology in the 1990s began to rise, the more advanced a non-contact identification technology. The development of RFID technology based on a simple RFID system, combined with existing network technology, database technology, middleware technology, to build a one composed by a large number of networked readers and numerous mobile label, much larger than the Internet of Things trend.

RFID, it is able to let items "speak" a technique. In the "Internet of Things" concept, RFID tags are stored in the specification and interoperability information collected automatically by wireless data communications network to a central information system, to achieve the identification of goods (products), and then through the open computer network for information exchange and sharing, items "transparent" management.

The information technology revolution in the Internet of Things is referred to as IT mobile Pan of a specific application. Internet of Things through IntelliSense, identification technology and pervasive computing, ubiquitous network convergence applications, breaking the conventional thinking before, human beings can achieve ubiquitous computing and network connectivity. The traditional thinking has been the separation of physical infrastructure and IT infrastructure: on the one hand, airports, roads, buildings, while on the other hand, the data center, PC, broadband. In the era of the "Internet of Things", reinforced concrete, cable with the chip, broadband integration into a unified infrastructure, in this sense, the infrastructure is more like a new site of the Earth, the world really works it, which including economic management, production operation, social and even personal life. "Internet of Things" makes it much more refined and dynamic management of production and life, to manage the future of the city to achieve the status of "wisdom" to improve resource utilization and productivity levels, and improve the relationship between man and nature.

外文翻译：

物联网

1.定义内涵

物联网的英文名称为Internet of Things，简称：IOT。物联网通过传感器、射频识别技术、全球定位系统等技术，实时采集任何需要监控、连接、互动的物体或过程，采集其声、光、热、电、力学、化学、生物、位置等各种需要的信息，通过各类可能的网络接入，实现物与物、物与人的泛在链接，实现对物品和过程的智能化感知、识别和管理。物联网是通过智能感知、识别技术与普适计算、泛在网络的融合应用，被称为继计算机、互联网之后世界信息产业发展的第三次浪潮。与其说物联网是网络，不如说物联网是业务和应用，物联网也被视为互联网的应用拓展。因此应用创新是物联网发展的核心，以用户体验为核心的创新是物联网发展的灵魂。

2.“物”的涵义

这里的“物”要满足以下条件才能够被纳入“物联网”的范围：

1．要有相应信息的接收器；

2．要有数据传输通路；

3．要有一定的存储功能；

4．要有CPU；

5．要有操作系统；

6．要有专门的应用程序；

7．要有数据发送器；

8．遵循物联网的通信协议；

9．在世界网络中有可被识别的唯一编号。

3.“中国式”定义

物联网(Internet of Things)指的是将无处不在（Ubiquitous）的末端设备（Devices）和设施（Facilities），包括具备“内在智能”的传感器、移动终端、工业系统、楼控系统、家庭智能设施、视频监控系统等、和“外在使能”(Enabled)的，如贴上RFID的各种资产（Assets）、携带无线终端的个人与车辆等等“智能化物件或动物”或“智能尘埃”（Mote），通过各种无线和/或有线的长距离和/或短距离通讯网络实现互联互通（M2M)、应用大集成（Grand Integration)、以及基于云计算的SaaS营运等模式，在内网（Intranet）、专网（Extranet）、和/或互联网（Internet）环境下，采用适当的信息安全保障机制，提供安全可

控乃至个性化的实时在线监测、定位追溯、报警联动、调度指挥、预案管理、远程控制、安全防范、远程维保、在线升级、统计报表、决策支持、领导桌面（集中展示的Cockpit Dashboard)等管理和服务功能，实现对“万物”的“高效、节能、安全、环保”的“管、控、营”一体化。

4.欧盟的定义

2009年9月，在北京举办的物联网与企业环境中欧研讨会上，欧盟委员会信息和社会媒体司RFID部门负责人Lorent Ferderix博士给出了欧盟对物联网的定义：物联网是一个动态的全球网络基础设施，它具有基于标准和互操作通信协议的自组织能力，其中物理的和虚拟的“物”具有身份标识、物理属性、虚拟的特性和智能的接口，并与信息网络无缝整合。物联网将与媒体互联网、服务互联网和企业互联网一道，构成未来互联网。

5.变化

物联网(Internet of Things)这个词，国内外普遍公认的是MIT Auto-ID 中心Ashton教授1999年在研究RFID时最早提出来的。在2005年国际电信联盟（ITU）发布的同名报告中，物联网的定义和范围已经发生了变化，覆盖范围有了较大的拓展，不再只是指基于RFID技术的物联网。

自2009年8月温家宝总理提出“感知中国”以来,物联网被正式列为国家五大新兴战略性产业之一，写入“政府工作报告”，物联网在中国受到了全社会极大的关注，其受关注程度是在美国、欧盟、以及其他各国不可比拟的。

物联网的概念与其说是一个外来概念，不如说它已经是一个“中国制造”的概念，他的覆盖范围与时俱进，已经超越了1999年Ashton教授和2005年ITU 报告所指的范围，物联网已被贴上“中国式”标签。

6.背景

物联网的概念是在1999年提出的。当时基于互联网、RFID技术、EPC标准，在计算机互联网的基础上，利用射频识别技术、无线数据通信技术等，构造了一个实现全球物品信息实时共享的实物互联网“Internet of things”（简称物联网），这也是在2003年掀起第一轮华夏物联网热潮的基础。

传感网是基于感知技术建立起来的网络。中科院早在1999年就启动了传感网的研究，并已取得了一些科研成果，建立了一些适用的传感网。1999年，在美国召开的移动计算和网络国际会议提出了，“传感网是下一个世纪人类面临的又一个发展机遇”。2003年，美国《技术评论》提出传感网络技术将是未来改变人们生活的十大技术之首。

2005年11月17日，在突尼斯举行的信息社会世界峰会（WSIS）上，国际电信联盟发布了《ITU互联网报告2005：物联网》，引用了“物联网”的概念。

报告指出，无所不在的“物联网”通信时代即将来临，世界上所有的物体从轮胎到牙刷、从房屋到纸巾都可以通过因特网主动进行交换。射频识别技术（RFID）、传感器技术、纳米技术、智能嵌入技术将到更加广泛的应用。

根据ITU的描述，在物联网时代，通过在各种各样的日常用品上嵌入一种短距离的移动收发器，人类在信息与通信世界里将获得一个新的沟通维度，从任何时间任何地点的人与人之间的沟通连接扩展到人与物和物与物之间的沟通连接。物联网概念的兴起，很大程度上得益于国际电信联盟(ITU)2005 年以物联网为标题的年度互联网报告。然而，ITU的报告对物联网缺乏一个清晰的定义。

虽然目前国内对物联网也还没有一个统一的标准定义，但从物联网本质上看，物联网是现代信息技术发展到一定阶段后出现的一种聚合性应用与技术提升，将各种感知技术、现代网络技术和人工智能与自动化技术聚合与集成应用，使人与物智慧对话，创造一个智慧的世界。因为物联网技术的发展几乎涉及到了信息技术的方方面面，是一种聚合性、系统性的创新应用与发展，也因此才被称为是信息产业的第三次革命性创新。物联网的本质概括起来主要体现在三个方面：一是互联网特征，即对需要联网的物一定要能够实现互联互通的互联网络；二是识别与通信特征，即纳入物联网的“物”一定要具备自动识别与物物通信（M2M）的功能；三是智能化特征，即网络系统应具有自动化、自我反馈与智能控制的特点

2009年1月28日，奥巴马就任美国总统后，与美国工商业领袖举行了一次“圆桌会议”，作为仅有的两名代表之一，IBM首席执行官彭明盛首次提出“智慧地球”这一概念，建议新政府投资新一代的智慧型基础设施。

2009年2月24日消息，IBM大中华区首席执行官钱大群在2009IBM论坛上公布了名为“智慧的地球”的最新策略。

此概念一经提出，即得到美国各界的高度关注，甚至有分析认为ＩＢＭ公司的这一构想极有可能上升至美国的国家战略，并在世界范围内引起轰动。ＩＢＭ认为，产业下一阶段的任务是把新一代ＩＴ技术充分运用在各行各业之中，具体地说，就是把感应器嵌入和装备到电网、铁路、桥梁、隧道、公路、建筑、供水系统、大坝、油气管道等各种物体中，并且被普遍连接，形成物联网。

在策略发布会上，IBM还提出，如果在基础建设的执行中，植入“智慧”的理念，不仅仅能够在短期内有力的刺激经济、促进就业，而且能够在短时间内为中国打造一个成熟的智慧基础设施平台。

IBM希望“智慧的地球”策略能掀起“互联网”浪潮之后的又一次科技产业革命。IBM前首席执行官郭士纳曾提出一个重要的观点，认为计算模式每隔15年发生一次变革。这一判断像摩尔定律一样准确，人们把它称为“十五年周期定

律”。1965年前后发生的变革以大型机为标志，1980年前后以个人计算机的普及为标志，而1995年前后则发生了互联网革命。每一次这样的技术变革都引起企业间、产业间甚至国家间竞争格局的重大动荡和变化。而互联网革命一定程度上是由美国“信息高速公路”战略所催熟。20世纪90年代，美国克林顿政府计划用20年时间,耗资2000亿-4000亿美元,建设美国国家信息基础结构，创造了巨大的经济和社会效益。

而今天，“智慧的地球”战略被不少美国人认为与当年的“信息高速公路”有许多相似之处，同样被他们认为是振兴经济、确立竞争优势的关键战略。该战略能否掀起如当年互联网革命一样的科技和经济浪潮，不仅为美国关注，更为世界所关注。

“物联网前景非常广阔，它将极大地改变我们目前的生活方式。”南京航空航天大学国家电工电子示范中心主任赵国安说。业内专家表示，物联网把我们的生活拟人化了，万物成了人的同类。在这个物物相联的世界中，物品（商品）能够彼此进行“交流”，而无需人的干预。物联网利用射频自动识别（RFID）技术，通过计算机互联网实现物品（商品）的自动识别和信息的互联与共享。可以说，物联网描绘的是充满智能化的世界。在物联网的世界里，物物相连、天罗地网。

2008年11月在北京大学举行的第二届中国移动政务研讨会“知识社会与创新2.0”上，专家们提出移动技术、物联网技术的发展带动了经济社会形态、创新形态的变革，推动了面向知识社会的以用户体验为核心的下一代创新（创新2.0）形态的形成，创新与发展更加关注用户、注重以人为本。有研究机构预计10年内物联网就可能大规模普及，这一技术将会发展成为一个上万亿元规模的高科技市场，其产业要比互联网大30倍。

据悉，物联网产业链可以细分为标识、感知、处理和信息传送四个环节，每个环节的关键技术分别为RFID、传感器、智能芯片和电信运营商的无线传输网络。EPOSS在《Internet of Things in 2020》报告中分析预测，未来物联网的发展将经历四个阶段，2010年之前RFID被广泛应用于物流、零售和制药领域，2010~2015年物体互联，2015~2020年物体进入半智能化，2020年之后物体进入全智能化。

作为物联网发展的排头兵，RFID成为了市场最为关注的技术。数据显示，2008年全球RFID市场规模已从2007年的49.3亿美元上升到52.9亿美元，这个数字覆盖了RFID市场的方方面面，包括标签、阅读器、其他基础设施、软件和服务等。RFID卡和卡相关基础设施将占市场的57.3%，达30.3亿美元。来自金融、安防行业的应用将推动RFID卡类市场的增长。易观国际预测，2009年中国RFID市场规模将达到50亿元，年复合增长率为33%，其中电子标签超过38

亿元、读写器接近7亿元、软件和服务达到5亿元的市场格局。

MEMS是微机电系统的缩写，MEMS技术是建立在微米/纳米基础之上的，市场前景广阔。MEMS传感器的主要优势在于体积小、大规模量产后成本下降快，目前主要应用在汽车和消费电子两大领域。根据ICInsight最新报告，预计在2007年至2012年间，全球基于MEMS的半导体传感器和制动器的销售额将达到19%的年均复合增长率(CAGR)，与2007年的41亿美元相比，五年后将实现97亿美元的年销售额。

7.原理

物联网是在计算机互联网的基础上，利用RFID、无线数据通信等技术，构造一个覆盖世界上万事万物的“Internet of Things”。在这个网络中，物品(商品)能够彼此进行“交流”，而无需人的干预。其实质是利用射频自动识别(RFID)技术，通过计算机互联网实现物品(商品)的自动识别和信息的互联与共享。

物联网中非常重要的技术是射频识别（RFID）技术。RFID是射频识别（Radio Frequency Identification）技术英文缩写，是20世纪90年代开始兴起的一种自动识别技术，是目前比较先进的一种非接触识别技术。以简单RFID系统为基础，结合已有的网络技术、数据库技术、中间件技术等，构筑一个由大量联网的阅读器和无数移动的标签组成的，比Internet更为庞大的物联网成为RFID技术发展的趋势。

而 RFID，正是能够让物品“开口说话”的一种技术。在“物联网”的构想中，RFID标签中存储着规范而具有互用性的信息，通过无线数据通信网络把它们自动采集到中央信息系统，实现物品(商品)的识别，进而通过开放性的计算机网络实现信息交换和共享，实现对物品的“透明”管理。

信息化革命的浪潮，物联网被称为信息技术移动泛在化的一个具体应用。物联网通过智能感知、识别技术与普适计算、泛在网络的融合应用，打破了之前的传统思维，人类可以实现无所不在的计算和网络连接。传统的思路一直是将物理基础设施和IT基础设施分开：一方面是机场、公路、建筑物，而另一方面是数据中心，个人电脑、宽带等。而在“物联网”时代，钢筋混凝土、电缆将与芯片、宽带整合为统一的基础设施，在此意义上，基础设施更像是一块新的地球工地，世界的运转就在它上面进行，其中包括经济管理、生产运行、社会管理乃至个人生活。“物联网”使得人们可以更加精细和动态的方式管理生产和生活，管理未来的城市，达到“智慧”状态，提高资源利用率和生产力水平，改善人与自然间的关系。

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