be to do用法小结

be to do 的用法

“be to do”这个结构有两种语法意义，○1连系动词be+动词不定式做表语，○2be to是一个独立词汇单位,具有情态含义,可以把它叫做情态习语(modal idiom)。

一、be +动词不定式,不定式做表语,表示主语和表语在概念上是等同的。如：

The problem is to find a solution.

问题是要找到一个解决方案。

His plan is to clean the room.

他的计划是打扫房间。

My wish is to be a doctor.

我的愿望是成为一名医生。

二、be to +动词不定式中的be to用作情态习语,这时的be to do表示: “计划”、“安排”、“义务”、“应该”、“可能”、“命运”等。(have to, ought to)。如: He is to have a holiday. (表示将来)

他要去度假。

The committee is to meet today. (表示计划、安排)

委员会计划今天开会。

You are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you.

你要去的酒店已经为你安排好了房间。

1.表示“将”、“计划”、“安排”。(意思接近于be going to)如：

Their daughter is to get married soon.

他们的女儿要结婚了。

Who is to question him？

要询问他的是谁？

It was the last film at the cinema，which was to close next day.

这是在电影院的最后一场电影了，电影院明天就要关闭了。

After dinner they were to go to a movie.

晚饭过后，他们要去看电影。

was/ were to do表示过去曾经计划要做的事，或者过去应当做的事，而且从现在的角度来看已经实现了。如：

I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.

我感觉有点紧张，因为这是我第一次要离开家了。

I was to play Juliet.

The expedition was to start in a week’s time.

探险将在下周开始。

was/ were to have done,表示“本打算”、“本计划”或“本应当”做的事而没有做成或没有发生。如:

I was to have seen him last Wednesday, but he didn’t come.

我本打算上周三去看他的，但他没有回来。

We were to have been married last year.

我们本打算去年结婚。

2.表示“义务”、“应该” 。(意思接近于should，must，ought to，have to)如：

No one is to leave the building.

谁也不得离开这楼房。

You are not to smoke in this room.=You are not supposed to smoke in this room.

你最好不要在房间里吸烟。

You are to be back by 10 o’clock.

你必须十点以前回来。

3.表示可能性,相当于can, may如:

Such books are to be found in the library.

这样的书在图书馆里就能找到。

Not a single sound was to be heard.

一点儿声音也听不到。

Not a soul was to be seen.

看不到一个人影。

She was nowhere to be found.

哪儿也找不到她。

She was never to see his wife and family again.

她再也没见过他的妻子和家庭。

5.表示“命运”,将来必然要发生的事,译作“注定……”。如：

He came to power, but he was to play dearly for it: soon he was assassinated.

The worst is still to come.

他得到了权利，但注定要为此付出昂贵的代价。不久他就被暗杀了。

They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.

一声道别，然而他们似乎并不知道他们已不可能再相见。

6.用于“if…were to do”，表示虚拟语气。如：

If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.

如果明天下雨,运动会就会延期。

Exercises:

1.This film ___A__ this Sunday.

A. is going to show

B. is showing

C. is to be show

D. will have been show

2.The students were told that they __C__ at the school gate at 2:00 the following afternoon.

A. met

B. will meet

C. were to meet

D. were met

3. The house ___D___ ready today but as there has been a builders’ strike it is still only half finished.

A. is

B. was to be

C. was

D. was to have been

4.In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they ___B______.

A. have survived

B. are to survive

C. would survive

D. will survive

5.How ____A___ I ______ what has become of him?

A. am; to know

B. am; knowing

C. was; to know

D. will; know

6. ___A___ he ________ tomorrow, I would go to meet him at the station.

A. Were; to come

B. Was; coming

C. Did; come

D. Would; come

该句相当于If he were to come …虚拟语气

动名词的用法

动名词的用法及练习 你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗 1. The girl is singing a song. 2. The girl singing now is my sister. 3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好). 一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund) Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。举例如下： 1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring. (singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the) 2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes. (rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint) 从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。 二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund) 看看下面的句子： Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher. 上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。 注意：Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。 动名词的功能与用法 一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement): 作主语 1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ） 2. Running is good exercise. （主语running) 3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking) 作主语的补语 1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping) 2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing) 主语置于句尾用It + be + ... +v-ing 句型 1. It is fun speaking English. 2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染). 用It is 后接no use. no good, fun 等的句型 1. It is no use learning theory without practice. 2. It is no fun being lost in rain. 用It is 后接useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile 等的句型 1. It is worthwhile taking this into consideration. 用There + be + no + v-ing 的句型 1. There is no joking about such matters. 2. There is no getting along with him. (简直无法与他相处) 二、动名词也可以作宾语（Object) 作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面） 1. I cannot help laughing. （我禁不住笑了起来）（宾语laughing) 2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister. (宾语quarrelling) 3. You should practice speaking English more. (宾语speaking) 注意：上面三个句子中的动词:help, avoid, practice 只能用动名词作宾语。这类动词还有：dislike 厌恶admit 接受repent 后悔acknowledge 承认

初中不定式todo的用法

初中不定式todo的用法

1. 不定式的用法------1.1 不定式作主语 不定式作主语，往往用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。 例如：It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。 It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。 但是，用不定式作主语的句子中还有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型。另外，这样的句子，不能用动名词作表语。例如： （对）To teach is to learn. （错）It is to learn to teach. （错）To teach is learning. （错）Teaching is to learn. 典型例题 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。 1.1.1 不定式做主语It's for sb/It's of sb to do sth 这样的句子中，由于表语形容词性质的不同，导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for或of 的区别。 1）for sb.句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：例如： It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

不定代词和动词不定式用法小结

不定代词的用法 1.代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词 2.some与any的区别 1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”，可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式。any 多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些”，可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式 2）在反问句、疑问句中，表示请求、建议和希望对方得到肯定回答时，多用some. Would you like some beer？你要不要来点啤酒吗？ Why didn’t you buy some sweets？你怎么没买点糖果？ 3）any 用于肯定句时,表示是“任何的” Come any day you like.你哪天来都行。 3）some还有表示“某个”的意思 I’ll catch up with you some day有一天我会赶上你的。 3.复合不定代词：something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人). A：作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Is there anything wrong with your watch?”“No, nothing is wrong with it B：修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式一定要位于它们的后面。 This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。 Haven’t you got anything to do? 你无事可干吗？ C：一般来说，当主语是指人的复合代词，如everybody, nobody, anybody 等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they；当前面句子中的复合代词指物，如everything, something, anything, nothing 等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it。如：Everyone is here, aren’t they? 人都到了，是吗？ Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切准备好了，是吗？ Somebody is waiting for me at the gate, aren’t they? 有人在门口等我，是吗？ 3.few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别 1）few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思；few、a few修饰可数名词或代替可数的事物, little、a little修饰不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。 He is very poor and he has little money. 他很穷,几乎没有什么钱 Don’t worry. There is st ill a little time left. 别着急,还有一点儿时间呢 In that polar region there live few people. 在那个极地地区几乎不住人 You can get a few sweets from him. 你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果 2）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 I'm a little hungry. Let him sleep a little. 3）quite a few (相当多)only a few (只有几个，几乎没有) 4、all和both, either的用法 1）all 指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词或不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词 All the food is delicious.所有的食物都很好吃。 Her parents are both doctors.她父母都是医生

不定式的特殊用法小结

不定时的用法 to do 的其它用法： 1. 时态和语态形式to do/to be done/to be doing/to have done/to have been done/to have been doing (1) 一般式表动作通常与谓语动词所表动作同时或在其后发生; 进行式表动作与谓语动作同 时进行；完成式表动作发生在谓语动作之前; pretend / believe /say/seem/happen/prove/plan/hope/expect/should like/would like + to have done 表未曾实现的行为; 完成进行式表动作在谓语动作之前已开始并一直进行着，到说话时为止，该动作可能停止，也可能还在继续。 People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in. I didn’t expect you to be waiting for me so long. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported to have broken. the world record in the 110- metre hurdle race. He’s said to have written a new novel. I would like to have had your help. I hoped to have seen her . He planned to have gone abroad. He was said to have been living in New York for twenty years. (1)主动式表逻辑主语为不定式动作的执行者；被动式表逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者。 I hope to finish reading the book tonight. We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday. 2.to do 的主动表被动 (1)to do 作定语与被修饰词构成动宾关系，同时又和句子主语构成主谓关系。 I have a lot of papers to deal with. (2) be + 性质adj. + to do . easy/hard/difficult/interesting/heave/pleasant/comfortable/safe/dangerous/impossible Tom is pleasant to work with. This book is difficult to understand. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good to breathe. (2)be + let /blame/ seek It seemed that water was to blame. The cause isn’t far to seek. The house is to let. (3)wh- + to do I had no idea who to turn to for help the time I lost. How to divide labor among them is still a question. (5) there be + 主语+ to do 中，当强调某人完成某事时用主动形式；当强调某事必须被完成用被动形式。 There’s many work to do. (sb. has to do the work. )/ to be done.(the work has to be done.) 3.to do 的逻辑主语是其所表动作的承受者时用被动。 It’ an honor for me to be invited to the party. The books and mag azines aren’t allowed to be taken out of the reading room. I wanted the letter to be typed at once She asked to be assigned to do a heavy job. 4.如果逻辑主语没出现，只要意义是被动的，to do仍用被动。 It’s great honor to be elected a delegate to the Party. To be attacke d by the enemy isn’t a bad thing but a good thing. 5.to do中动词的省略，只保留to . (1)to do作某些动词的宾语时：当作宾语的不定式再次出现时，为避免重复，只留to. afford/ agree/ expect/ forget/ hate/ hope/ intend/ mean/ plan/ prefer/ refuse/ try/ want/ wish/ would like/ love/ care

英语16种时态表

精心整理|?英语16种时态表 英语时态表 英语时态表 时态 名称 结构常连用的词主要用法例句 一般现在时1由be的 isamare表 示，之后接名 词，形容词或 介词。 every…, sometime s, always,ne ver, often,usu ally等。 一般现在时表示没有时 限的持久存在的习惯性 的动作或状态，或现阶段 反复发生的动作或状态 陈述句：Iamanofficeworker. Heissolazy. Theyareathome 否定句：IamnotTim. Sheisnotverybeauiful. Theyarenotintheoffice. 一般疑问句：Areyouanofficea Isshebeautiful? 2由实意动词 V构成，引导 疑问句和否定 句，用do或 don’t。第三 陈述句：IworkinShanghai. Heworksathome. DavyneverwatchesTVathome

人称时用does或doesn’t,有does出现动词用原形；第三人称陈述句V后加s或es. 否定句:Idon’tlikethefoodinK Davydoesn’tlikethefoodinK 一般疑问句: Doyouwantacupofcoffee?Do ubwaystation? 一般过去时。1由be的过 去式是was或 were表示。 Is\am---was; are---were. ? yesterday , lastweek, anhourag o， thedaybe foreyesterday , in1997。 在过去时间里所发生的 动作或存在的状态。 陈述句：Iwasabigboss.Hewa WewereinBeijinglastyear. 否定句:Iwasnotathomeatthat Wewerenotatworkyesterday 一般疑问句:Wereyouateacher Wassheintheofficelastweek? 2由V的过去 式构成陈述 句，疑问句和 否定句用借助 于did,有did 出现动词用原 陈述句：IworkedinSunmoon WestudiedEnglishthere.Heliv 否定句:Ididn’tworkhere. Theydidn’tseeme.ShelikedE

doing,todo,do的用法

一．To do形式 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某事 beg to do sth. 请求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 promise to do sth. 答应做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

英语动词不定式的完成式用法小结

英语动词不定式完成式在使用语境中的学习与考查 江苏省沛县湖西中学鹿俊先221611 综观近年的英语高考试题，我们可以看到题目的设置往往强调语言知识在特定语境中的使用，把语言知识放在了语用层面上，即考察实际应用知识的能力。 英语动词不定式的完成式，即(to) have +动词的过去分词形式，是中学英语学习中的重点及难点知识之一，也是高考试题中频繁出现的形式。对于这一形式考查的题目设置通常围绕三类语境，即陈述已经发生过了的事实，推测可能已经发生过了的事实，表达与过去实际情况相反的事实。下面分别加以叙述，以便从语用角度掌握这一语言知识。 1.陈述已经发生过了的事实。 1.1.置于表示情感反应的动词、形容词、分词之后，作为引起该反应的刺激，表示情感反应之前完成的动作。例如： I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. (=I'm sorry that I gave / have given you so much trouble.) It is good to have finished work for the day. (=I am pleased because I have finished.) She said she was sorry to have missed you. (=She said she was sorry that he had missed you.) There was a smile on the boy's face, which seemed to show that he was happy to have given his life to his country. (=…he was happy that he had given his life to his country.) 1.2.置于be said, be considered, be believed, seem, appear, happen, turn out,等之后表示这些动作之前完成的动作。例如： I don't know whether you happen to have heard, but I am going to study in the U.S.A. this September. Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer. (=It is generally considered that Charles Babbage invented the first computer.) He is said to have studied abroad, but I don't know which country he studied in. (= It is said that he studied abroad, b ut….) I appear to have made a small mistake. (=It appears that I made / have made a small mistake.) He seems to have missed the train. (=It seems that he missed the train.) 1.3.置于should之后，表达说话人对已发生了的事实的情感的反应，如惊奇、遗憾、喜悦、不安、失望，等，should相当于汉语中的“竟然”，“居然”。例如：They were surprised (that) a child should have worked out the problem while they themselves couldn't. It is strange that she should have married such an old man. 2.推测可能已经发生过了的事实。 2.1.置于must, will, would, can't, couldn't 之后，表示很有把握的推论。例如： The city must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. An ambulance is waiting in the street. Somebody must have been hurt or killed. --I met her soon after the war.

可用虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结 语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如： Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三．含蓄条件句

be+不定式的用法小结

be+不定式的用法小结 be＋不定式是英语中常见的一种结构，关于它的用法现在总结如下： 一、构成系表结构： 1、表示目的，例如： The prize was to honour him for his great discoveries. 这项奖励是为了对他的重大发现而表示的敬意。 2、对主语内容进行解释说明，例如： What you should do is (to) answer my questions. 你所应该做的就是回答我的问题。 二、表示将来： 1、表示按计划安排要发生的事情，例如： The president is to visit China next year. 总统将于明年访问中国。 If we are to be there in time, we'll have to hurry up. 如果我们想及时到达那里，就必须要赶快。 注：我们可以说：It's going to rain. 但不能说：It's to rain. 2、表示无法预见的结果或注定要发生的事情，例如： Better days are soon to follow. 好日子就要到了。 三、构成虚拟语气： 1、were to do 用于虚拟条件句中，表示对将来情况的虚拟。例如：What would you do if war were to break out? 假如战争爆发你会怎么做？

2、was/were+不定式的完成式（＝should+不定式的完成式）表示过去应该发生而未发生的动作，例如：We were to have been married last year。 我们本打算去年结婚的。 四、be 后的个别动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，例如： It's Jim who is to blame. 该怪的是吉姆。 This house is to let. 此房出租。 五、其他用法： 1、表示命令，指令。例如： You are not to bring any mobile communication means into the exam-room. 任何移动通讯工具都不得带入考场。 2、表示必须，必要。例如： This letter is to be handed to him in person. 这封信必须要面交他本人。 3、表示能够或可能发生的事情，例如： How are we to convince him? 我们怎么能够说服他呢？ 4、表示应该，例如： Such questions are to be avoided. 这样的问题应该避免。

need的三种用法,如needtodosth

need的三种用法,如needtodosth need”作为情态动词的用法 一、need表示“需要”或“必须”,通常用于否定句,疑问句,条件句.例如：1．You needn't do it again．你不需要重复做 了.2．He needn't worry about it．这件事他无需担心.3．Need he do this homework first?他需要先做这些作业吗?4．Need they fill in the form?他们需要填表吗?二、在否定句中,可以用need的否定形式＋不定式完成体.例如：1．We needn't have worried．其实我们不必要慌.2．You needn't have mentioned it．你本来不必提起这件事.3．You needn't have said that when he asked．当他问的时候,你其实不必要说.三、needn't后的不定式间或也能用进行式或被动语态.例如：1．He needn't be standing in the rain．他不必要站在雨中.2．We needn't be waiting in this place．我们不必要在这儿等.3．The hedges needn't be trimmed thisweek．本周树蓠不必要整修.四、其一般疑问句的答语,肯定用must,否定用needn't.Need I go with her?我需要和他一起去吗?Yes,you must.是的,你需要去.No,you needn't.不,你不必去. 编辑本段“need”作为实义动词时,通常用法是 人＋need ＋to do 物＋need ＋doing 物＋need ＋to be done 例如：The room needs cleaning = The room needs to

动词不定式用法经典例句总结知识分享

动词不定式用法例句总结

定义 （语态）动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语 态； 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如：It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party. （不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited 是被邀请）It was impossible for lost time to be made up. （不定式作主语） I wish to be sent to work in the country. （不定式作宾语） Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired? （不定式作定语） He went to the hospital to be exam in ed. （不定式作状语） My work is to clea n the room every day. （不定式作表语） 在There be 结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are still many things to take care of （to be taken care of）. 但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：There is noth ing to do now.（ We have nothi ng to do no w.） There is nothing to be done no w.（We can do nothing no w.） 形式 1）现在式：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之 后。一般为：动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you aga in. = I hope that r II see you aga in. 我希望再见至M尔。 2）完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 rm sorry to have give n you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3）进行式：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eat ing someth ing. 4）完成进行式： She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how 语等。如： ①W hen to leave for London has not bee n decided yet. ② Mr. Smith did n't know whether to leave or stay there. ③ I asked Professor Xu how to lear n En glish well. ④The questi on was where to get the medici ne n eeded. 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分，均可转换为相应的 could lear n ......... 后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表 （不定式在句子中做主语） （不定式在句子中做宾语） （不定式在句子中做直接宾语） （不定式在句子中表语） 从句形式。如：①When we shall leave …③? -how I

小学英语不定式用法总结

不定式作主语 1)It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。 2) It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。 Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的) 例句: It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。 注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型 2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。 3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型 (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

常见介词用法

常见介词用法： 1）at,in,on在……范围 at(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近，旁边” in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on表示毗邻，接壤 to表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤Hearrivedatthestationatt en. Heissittingatthedesk. HearrivedinShanghaiyes terday. JiangsuliesintheeastofCh ina. RussialiveonthenorthofC hina. FujianistothesouthofJian gsuProvince. 2)above,over,on在……上 above指在……上方,不强 调是否垂直，与below相 对； over指垂直的上方,与 under相对,但over与物体 有一定的空间，不直接接 触。 on表示某物体上面并与之 接触。 Thebirdisflyingabovemy head. Thereisabridgeovertheri ver. Heputhiswatchonthe 3)below,under在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在……下，不一 定在正下方 Thereisacatunderthetabl e. Pleasewriteyournamebel owtheline. 介词短语组织形式及实例： 一、介词+名词形式 第一组 byaccident偶然 onaccountof因为，由于 inaddition另外 inadditionto除……之外 intheair在流行中，在传播 中

betodosth的几种用法

be + to do sth.的用法 1.表示按计划或安排要做的事。例如： When are you to leave for home你什么时候回家 She is to be married next month.她将于下个月结婚。 The Queen is to visit Japan in a week's time.女王将于一周后访问日本。 这种结构也可用于过去。was / were to do sth. 表示曾经计划要做的事，但不表明计划是否被执行，或表示“命运（即命中注定要发生的事）”，而非计划；was / were to have done sth.表示未曾实现的计划。例如： I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.我感到很紧张，因 为我很快就要首次离开家了。 They said goodbye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.他们告了别， 不知道以后再也不会见面了。 We were to have told you, but you were not in.我们本来想告诉你的，但是你不在家。 2.表示“应该”，相当于should, ought to。例如： You are to report to the police.你应该报警。 What is to be done应该怎么办呢 3.表示“必须”，相当于must, have to。例如： The letter is to be handed to him in person.这封信必须亲手交给他。 You are to do your homework before you watch TV.看电视之前你得先做完作业。4.表示“想，打算”，相当于intend, want。例如： If we are to be there before ten, we'll have to go now.如果我们要在十点前到，我们现在就得走。 5.用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见。例如： Am I to go on with the work要我继续完成这项工作吗 What are we to do next我们下一步该怎么办 6.用于否定句，表示“禁止”，相当于mustn't。例如： The books in this room are not to be taken outside.这个室内的书籍不得带出室外。You are not to smoke in the reading-room.你不可以在阅览室里吸烟。 7.表示“可以，可能”，相当于may, can。例如： The news is to be found in the evening paper.这条消息可以在晚报上见到。 Such people are to be found everywhere.这种人到处都有。 She is nowhere to be found.在哪里也找不着她。 to do sth.用于if或even if / even though从句中，表示对未来的假设。例如： If I were to tell you that I killed him, would you believe me要是我告诉你是我杀了