必修5 Unit 1

必修5Unit 1

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2015福建)

One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder.However, life can be __1__ when you are not busy finding fault with it.

Several years ago I __2__ a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always __3__ by things.People were always doing things that annoyed her, and __4__ was ever good enough.She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends.She became a really __5__ person.

Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her __6__.Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost __7__ to deal with was that the day before the __8__，Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her __9__ of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to __10__.It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became __11__ her habit of finding fault.Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to __12__ everything so harshly(刻薄)．She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her __13__ as well.

Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault-finding, __14__ when we're honest, we can be sharply __15__ of the world.I'm not suggesting you __16__ problems, or that you pretend things are __17__ than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are—__18__ most of the time, and especially when it's not a really big __19__.

Train yourself to “bite your tongue”，and with a little __20__，you'll get really good at letting things go.And when you do, you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.

()1.A.lonely B．great

C．quiet D．uneasy

()2.A.received B．answered

C．expected D．rejected

()3.A.threatened B．interrupted

C．bothered D．spoiled

()4.A.anything B．everything

C．something D．nothing

()5.A.caring B．boring

C．interesting D．surprising

()6.A.attitude B．plan

C．measure D．explanation

()7.A.urgent B．unnecessary

C．certain D．impossible

()8.A.occasion B．event

C．accident D．adventure

()9.A.memory B．notice

C．evidence D．choice

()10.A.hear B．contribute

C．express D．admit

()11.A.aware of B．afraid of

C．curious about D．confused about

()12.A.discuss B．realize

C．judge D．settle

()13.A.family B．life

C．career D．education

()14.A.so B．or

C．but D．for

()15.A.proud B．sure

C．hopeful D．critical

()16.A.face B．create

C．solve D．ignore

()17.A.rarer B．better

C．stranger D．worse

()18.A.at least B．at last

C．by far D．so far

()19.A.task B．deal

C．result D．duty

()20.A.practice B．speech

C．rest D．pity

【答案及解析】

【语篇解读】文章通过一则事例说明在生活中总是吹毛求疵的话，日子会变得很艰难，人们应该学会宽容，并介绍了挑剔者重新获得对生活的热爱和激情的技巧。

1．B。句意为：然而，当你不再忙于挑错时，生活会变得美好。从4、5空所在的句子

“People were always doing things that annoyed her…”可以看出，喜欢找茬的人是不开心的，而相反，如果不忙于挑错，生活会很美好。故选B项。

2．A。句意为：几年前我收到一位叫克里的17岁女孩的来信……后文介绍信件的内容，所以这里表达的是“收到了”来信。故选A项。

3．C。句意为：……几乎总是被(各种)事情困扰。再结合该空后的“人们总是做各种各样的事情烦扰她”，其中annoy与bother意义相近，故选C项。bother意为“烦扰”；spoil 意为“溺爱；破坏”。

4．D。句意为：人们总是做各种各样的事情烦扰她，从来没有什么事情足够好(令她满意)。根据句意可知选nothing，表示完全否定。

5．B。根据该空前一句“她对自己及朋友都很挑剔，总是吹毛求疵”可知，她是个“令人厌烦的人”。故选B项。

6．A。克里的挑剔是一种对待生活的“态度”，且本段介绍克里的一个朋友发生了事故，这件事迫使她改变了自己的态度。故选A项。

7．D。下文告诉我们，克里在朋友出事的前一天晚上，按自己的生活态度把朋友生活上的各个方面数落了一遍，态度极为苛刻。这让克里觉得自己的所作所为难以接受，很难面对自己曾经对朋友这样吹毛求疵的事实。

8．C。本句话介绍的是克里在事故发生之前对朋友挑剔的事情，又根据段首的“a horrible accident”可知，“事故”是一个时间节点，由此可推断这里是表达“在事故前一天”。故选C项。

9．D。由语境可知，这里指的是“选择”男友。故选D项。

10．C。根据句意“……以及其他各种她觉得需要表达(她的意见)的事情”，句中9空前的criticizing意思是“批评”，与选项C “表达(某人的意见)”意义相近。故选C项。

11．A。直到她朋友严重受伤后，她才意识到自己挑剔的习惯。(become) aware of意为“(开始)意识到”；(become) afraid of意为“(变得)害怕”；(become)curious about意为“(变得)对……好奇”；(become)confused about意为“(变得)对……困惑”。此处指的是朋友的遭遇使她意识到了自己的这一坏习惯，故选A项。

12．C。很快，她学会了欣赏生活而不是刻薄地去评判每一件事。judge“评判”与前文中的criticize相呼应，与appreciate“欣赏”形成对比，表明她的态度的转变。故选C项。

13．B。她能够把这种新的智慧运用到生活的其他方面。根据12空前的“appreciate life”可知，该空选life最合适。故选B项。

14．C。句意为：尽管我们大部分人并不是极端地吹毛求疵，但当我们坦率起来时，也可能会尖锐地评判这个世界。根据语境可知这里表转折，故选C项。

15．D。根据句中的“when we're honest”可知，每个人都可能会尖锐地评判(criticize)这个世界。故选D项。

16．D。本句话是对首句的进一步解释，句意为：我不是建议你忽略问题，或者假装事情要比他们本身更好，不过仅仅是允许事情按自己的规律发展。句中的or表示选择，根据句中的“not suggesting”和“pretend”可知用“忽略”合适。

17．B。根据上题的解释，“假装”可能是事情的好的方面，因此用better合适。

18．A。句意：不过仅仅是允许事情按自己的规律发展——至少在大多数时候。at least 意为“至少”；at last意为“最后”；by far意为“(与形容词、副词的比较级或最高级连用)最；无疑；很”；so far意为“到目前为止”。根据语境可知，修饰时间状语“大多数时间”用at least搭配更合适。故选A项。

19．B。句意：尤其是当它不是真正的大事时。对比前面的things可知用deal最合适。not a big deal表示“不是什么大事”。故选B项。

20．A。句意：训练自己“忍住不说”，经过一点点练习，你会真正地学会顺其自然。practice与train对应，符合语境，故选A项。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2016福建福安中学高三3月月考，A)

Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine on October 5 for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment against Malaria(疟疾)．This is the first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried out within China.

Tu shared the prize with Irish-born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan, who were honored for their revolutionary anti-roundworm treatment.84-year-old Tu is awarded this prize for her contribution to cutting the death rate of malaria, reducing patients' suffering and promoting

mankind's health.Although she received several medical awards in the past, the 2015 Nobel Prize is definitely the most privilege reward that recognizes Tu's dedication and perseverance in discovering artemisinin(青蒿素), the key drug that battles malaria-friendly parasites(寄生虫)．However, her route to the honor has been anything but traditional.She won the Nobel Prize for medicine, but she doesn't have a medical degree or a PhD.In China, she is even being called the “three-noes” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she's never worked overseas.No wonder her success has stirred China's national pride and helped promote confidence of native Chinese scientists.

The fact that Tu has none of these three backgrounds reminds us that science should be more accessible to all.One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into scientific research.There have been discussions on people who really love science but are never able to achieve much during their whole life.Their contributions can never be ignored.They work so hard to prove the wrong way so that the future researchers will be closer to the right one.

As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize Winner of natural science award, Tu's record-breaking winning also serves as a reminder to those who are too eager for instant success.Science is never about instant success.Tu spent decades on scientific research before its value is officially acknowledged.There is no way to measure how much one devotes to science and compare it with how much reward he or she may get.

()1.It can be concluded from the text that ______.

A．Tu worked home and abroad to conduct her research

B．Tu got the Nobel Prize for her anti-roundworm

treatment

C．the Nobel Prize is the first award to recognize her work

D．her discovery of artemisinin has helped to cut Malaria death rate

()2.The author seems to agree that a person who is more likely to become a scientist is the one with________.

A．a sense of national pride

B．relevant academic knowledge

C．enthusiasm for scientific research

D．a desire to achieve success

()3.In writing the passage, the author intends to ________.

A．remind readers of the principles of scientific research

B．discourage the pursuit of instant success in science

C．inform readers of the news and make comments

D．praise the award winner and encourage scientific research

【答案及解析】

【语篇解读】文章通过屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖的经历说明了科学研究的成功不是一朝一夕的事情，而只要潜心研究就有机会成为一名科学家的道理。

1．D。判断推理题。根据第一段中“Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine on October 5 for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment against Malaria”可知，青蒿素的发现大大降低了疟疾患者的死亡率。故选D项中。

2．C。观点态度题。根据第四段中“One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into scientific research”可知，只要潜心科学研究，一个人就能成为一名科学家，不管他来自什么样的背景。故选C项。

3．C。写作意图题。文章叙述了屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖的事实，讲述了她没有家庭背景，用时间证明了自己对科学的热爱以及研究成果，并在文章中发表自己对此的看法。故选C项。

Ⅲ.七选五

(2016长春外国语学校高三质检)

No fight can end, and no friendship can move on, until everyone says these little words: I'm sorry.Sometimes, though, they can be difficult to say.__1__

It is not about winning.

Friendships aren't like the Super Bowl, and there should never be a winner and a loser.When you start fighting with a friend, it may feel important that you “win” the fight by proving you're right and he is wrong, or by making him be the first to apologize.

In reality, you'll both lose if you let your fight ruin your friendship, and you'll both win if you find a way to heal it.

__2__

You may have heard the expression “His pride stood in the way”．It is usually used to describe a person who is so determined to be “right” that he lets an opportunity for happiness pass him by forever.___3__Remember: as time goes on, we usually forget who was right and who was wrong in a disagreement, and only remember the sadness of losing a friend.

Take the first step.

Are you sick of fighting? Do you think this fight is just not important enough to ruin your friendship?

__4__You don't have to take full responsibility for starting the fight, or even say that your feelings were wrong.But you should find something you did or said that's worth apologizing for.Maybe you're sorry that you let the fight go for so long, or that you overreacted to something

your friend did.If you say you're sorry, it's like an invitation for your friend to do the same.__5__ A．Then try to be the first to apologize.

B．Stop thinking about your pride.

C．It's about taking some responsibility for the argument.

D．Don't let this happen to a friendship you care about.

E．Here are some things to keep in mind.

F．There are some special cases when you shouldn't be the one to apologize first.

G．Once you've both said it, you'll both feel a million times better.

【答案及解析】

【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了如果朋友之间争吵打架了，如何学会道歉。

1．E。根据下文的三个方面，可知此处应该为过渡句。

2．B。根据下文的“pride”，可知此处为简短的小标题，而且应该包含关键词“pride”。

3．D。根据上文“它通常用来描述一个人固执地认为自己正确，而让通向快乐的机会在身边溜走”，所以告诫读者“不要让这种事发生在你所在乎的朋友身上”。

4．A。根据本部分的小标题和下文可知，作者建议你“尽快第一个道歉”。

5．G。根据前文“一旦你道歉，你就是在向朋友发出邀请”可知答案。

Ⅳ.短文改错

(2016陕西师范大学附属中学高三一模)

Dear David，

I am studying in University of Toronto.Now I have some problems with my roommates, Tom, and I am writing to ask you for some help.Tom is basically a good guy.And he doesn't care much about what he does.He pays no attention to the room tidiness, often left his things about.He plays very loud music with the rest time.At times, I found him using others' daily things without permission.What is worse, he often brings my friends here to drink, talking and laughing loud.I have been tried to ask him not to do so, but he doesn't listen to me.What should I do? Would you be so kind that to give me some advice?

Yours，

Zhang Hua 【答案及解析】

1．在in后加the。in the University of Toronto，表示特指在多伦多大学。

2．roommates改为roommate。因为这里室友是指Tom，所以应用单数。

3．And改为But。前后两句是转折关系。

4．left改为leaving。现在分词作结果状语。

5．with改为in/during。in the rest time意为“在其余的时间”。

6．found改为find。用一般现在时，表示经常性习惯性的动作。

7．my改为his。句意：他通常带他的朋友来这儿喝酒。

8．loud改为loudly。句意为“大声地说笑”。loudly修饰talking and laughing。

9．tried改为trying。因为I与try之间是主动关系，have been trying to do sth.，“一直尝试做某事”。

10．去掉that。固定短语be kind to do sth.。

人教版_高中英语必修一unit1_知识点总结

人教版_高中英语必修一unit1_知识点总结 Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. we stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上,眺望乡村? 2. a quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人? Add v. 增加 1. he added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴,使火旺些? 2. if you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九? 3. add up all the money i owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起? Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. i'm always upset when i don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱? 2. he has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服? 3. the news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱? Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. i said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. i can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了? Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静 1. it was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静?明媚的早晨? 2. you should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险,你也应当保持镇静? 3. have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来? Calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来)

人教版高中英语必修五Unit1知识点详解

必修5 Unit1 Great scientists Part 1. Warming up 1.explain 及物动词（vt.） 解释;说明;阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)] He explained that he had been cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。 Can you explain how the machine operates?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗? Please explain this rule to me.请给我讲解一下这条规则。 不及物动词（vi.）解释;说明;辩解 I've got to explain about it. 我得解释一下此事。 2.characteristic n. 特征；特性Kindness is one of his characteristics. adj. 独特的I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh. be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性 Such bluntness is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。 3. Who put forward a theory about black holes? put forward 提出（建议等）；提名;提前，把时钟往前拨 He put forward a new plan. 他提出一个新计划。 May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席？ [归纳拓展] put down 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭 put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期 put up 建造；举起；张贴put on 穿上 put away 收好 选词填空 （put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out） ①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful. ②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road. ③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center. ④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day. ⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow what can be done today. Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending 1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research how to prove a new idea 为“疑问词+不定式”结构，该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 We haven’t decided where to go. 我们还没有决定去哪里。 The question is when to leave. 问题是什么时候动身。 2.draw a conclusion 得出结论 1）conclusion作名词，意为“结束，结论” come to/reach/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 最后 I will in conclusion say a few words about my visit to Tokyo.最后，我对我的东京之行说几句。2）conclude作动词，“结束；断定；决定”。

新课标高中英语必修5 Unit 1重点知识点

1、defeat vt. 击败；打败；使（计划、希望）落空 Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0. He was defeated in his plan. 2、attend v. 注意；留意；处理(与to连用)=do with；出席；到场；照看；照料=take care of =look after attend school/college 上学/上大学attend a lecture/meeting 听讲座/出席会议 attend a wedding/ceremony 出席婚礼/参加典礼 3、expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光，expose sth./sb./oneself (to ...) 显露或暴露于…… be exposed to 暴露于…… Don’t expose it to the rain/wind. The soldiers are exposed to the enemy’s fire. Exposed to the sun for a long time, the students felt a little burnt. cure vt.&n. 治愈，治疗；常用于“cure sb. of ...”结构中。 The doctor cured her of a bad cold. It is possible to cure the sickness. 4、absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）；汲取，理解（知识等）；使全神贯注；吸引（注意等），后常接介词in/by；合并（公司等）；吞并；常接介词into；承受；经受。 【absorbed adj. 精神集中的absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的 be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于 Cotton gloves absorb sweat. The old man was completely absorbed in the book. Absorbed in the book，he didn’t notice my coming. 5、blame vt. 责备；谴责；归咎于 n. 责怪；(过失、过错等)责任 blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事而指责某人blame sth. on sb. 归咎于某人 sb. be to blame for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事某人应受到谴责 The student blamed the teacher for his failure.

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