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初三英语中考总复习导学案

初三英语中考总复习导学案
初三英语中考总复习导学案

中考英语复习学案设计分享初三英语中考总复习导学案

——名词

【学习目标】

复习中考对于名词的考查侧重点

1 可数名词的复数

2 不可数名词的量

3 名词所有格的用法

4名词的句法作用

5 词义辨析

6 名词与主谓一致

考查形式主要有:单项选择、词性转换、词语辨析、翻译句子等题型

【学法指导】

1、自学构建:学生自学课本,查阅资料,构建知识网络。

2、跟踪训练:学生自主完成基础训练,具备一定的用英语知识解决问题的能力。

3、点拨释疑:核对答案,学生提出问题,教师点拨释疑。

4、直击中考:完成中考中档以上的题,自主完成或讨论完成。

5、交流反思:总结本节课的收获

【学习流程】

自学构建 (知识网络)

名词

1 名词的分类包括专有名词和普通名词

2 名词的数可分为可数名词和不可数名词

3 名词所有格包括?s所有格的构成及用法;of所有格的构成及用法;双重所有格的构成及用法跟踪训练考点一.单数和复数

1 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成,其主要变法如下:

一般情况在词尾加-s,例如:book→books,girl→girls,boy→boys,pen -pens,doctor→doctors, boy→boys。新 -课-标- 第-一-网

以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词加-es,例如:bus→buses,class→classes,box→boxes,watch→watches,brush→brushes。

以ce, se, ze,ge结尾的名词加s,例如:orange —oranges。

以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如:city→cities,factory→factories,country→countries, family→families。但要注意的是以元音字母

加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s,如:boy→boys, day →days。

以o结尾的词多数都加-es。例如:hero→heroes,potato →potatoes,tomato→tomatoes,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。例如:zoo→zoos,radio→radios,还有某些外来词也只加-s,例如:photo→photos,piano→pianos。

以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f为v再加-es,例如:knife →knives,leaf→leaves, half→halves。

少数名词有不规则的复数形式,例如:man→men,woman →women,tooth→teeth,foot→feet,child→children,mouse→mice。

【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women。例如:an Englishman,two Englishmen。但German不是合成词,故复数形式为 Germans;man, woman 等作定语时,它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定,如:men workers, women teachers。

有个别名词单复数一样,例如:Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时,可以加复数词尾。

单数形式但其意为复数的名词有:people, police等。

数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式,中

间加连字符。例如:ten-minutes? walk, an 8-year-old girl, a ten-mile walk。

还有些名词仅有复数形式,如:trousers,clothes,chopsticks,glasses,goods,ashes,scissors,compasses。

只用作单数的复数形式的名词有:

科学名词:physics, mathematics/maths

游戏名称:bowls X k B 1 . c o m

专有名词:the United States, Niagara Falls

其他名词:news, falls

2.不可数名词“量”的表示方法

在英语中,不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念,可以用以下两种方法:

用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any 等表示多少,例如:

The rich man has a lot of money.

There is some milk in the bottle.

Is there any water in the glass?

I don?t like winter because there?s too much snow and ice.

用a piece of 这类定语,例如:

a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of bread

a bottle of orange a glass of water a cup of tea

a cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice

如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时,在容器后加复数,例如:

two cups of tea

four pieces of paper

three glasses of water

不可数名词也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any,much等来修饰。

考点二名词的所有格

名词所有格,用来表示人或物的所有,以及领属关系。

1. 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加 ?s,其复数形式是s?,例如:a student?s room, students? rooms,father?s shoes。

2. 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加 ?s,如:Children?s Day。

3. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用 ?s,例如:a twenty minutes? walk,ten miles? journey,a boat?s length,two pounds? weight,ten dollars? worth。

4. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构,例如:a map

of China,the end of this term,the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

5. 双重所有格,例如:a friend of my father?s。

【注意】

如果两个名词并列,并且分别有 ?s,则表示“分别有”,例如:John?s and Mary?s rooms;Tom?s and Mary?s bikes。

两个名词并列,只有一个?s,则表示“共有”,例如:John and Mary?s room;Tom and

Mary?s mother。

点拨释疑

X k B 1 . c o m

1. We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?

A. potato

B. potatos

C. potatoes

D. potatoe

答案:C

句意:我们需要更多的土豆。你能带过来一些吗?

解析:potato 土豆是可数名词。因为有some修饰所以potato要用复数形式。以辅音+o结尾的名词后面要+es。所

以C. potatoes是正确答案。

2. What big____ the tiger has!

A. tooth

B. teeth

C. tooths

D. toothes

答案:B

句意:老虎长着多么大、多么锋利的牙齿呀!

解析:牙齿tooth的复数形式是teeth

3. Please remember to give the horse some tree___.

A. leafs

B. leaves

C. leaf

D. leave

答案:B

句意:请记得喂马一些树叶。

解析:树叶leaf是以f结尾的,所以它的复数形式是变f为v,再加es

_________ have saved many children?s lives.

A. woman doctors

B. women doctor

C. women doctors

D. woman doctor

答案:C。该题考查的是名词作定语时的变化。woman 作

定语时要和被修饰的名词保持数的一致。

5. This is _________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.

A. Anne and Jane

B. Anne?s and Jane?s

C. Anne?s and Jane

D. Anne and Jane?s

答案:D。该题考查的是并列名词的所有格。两人共有一个房间时,只在后面的名词后加?s。

.直击中考

一单项填空

1.--- Where have you been, Tim?

--- I?ve been to ______.

A. the Henry house

B. the Henry family

C. The Henry?s home

D. Henry?s

2.In England, if ____ is in the middle of the day,the evening meal is called supper. 新课标第一网

A. food

B. lunch

C. breakfast

D. dinner

3.You looked for it twice, but you haven?t found it. Why not try ____ 。

A. three times

B. a third time

C. the third time

D. once

4.--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them

______ ?

--- Certainly.

A. some bottles of waters

B. some bottles of water

C. some bottle of water

D. some bottle of waters

5.Mike hurt one of his ______ in the accident yesterday.

A. tooth

B. feet

C. hand

D. ear

6.There is some _______ on the plate.

A. cakes

B. meat

C. potato

D. pears

7.The are going to fly _______ to Beijing.

A. Germen

B. Germany

C. Germanys

D. Germans

8.What?s your _______ for being late again?

A. idea

B. key

C. excuse

D. news

9.--- It?s dangerous here. We?d better go out quickly.

--- But I think we should let _______ go out first.

A. woman and children

B. women and child

C. woman and child

D. women and children

10.--- You can see Mr. Smith if there is a sign “_______ ”on the door of his shop.

--- Thanks.

HOURS

SIDE UP SMOKING

二根据下列句子的情景及所给汉语注释,写出所缺单词。

1. We?ve got a lot of new ________ in our school library.

2. Yesterday the _________ to London was put off because of the bad weather.

3. ---How many _______ do you have?

---Three.

4. June 1st is __________ Day.

5. May 12th is the International _______ Day. Let?s say “ Thanks” to them for their work.

。交流反思

本节课主要复习名词部分,自我感觉内容有点多。这一节课主要让学生对名词有个大概的了解,掌握中考英语名词部分主要考的侧重点在哪里,根据考点有目的的练习。提高复习效率。

一、以下单选题是同学们的必得分,一个都不能错哦!

1. I’m talking to you, Jack. Please listen to __________ carefully. A. me B. mine C. I D. my

2. I have seven classes ____________ Monday. It’

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partner/pA:(r)tn@(r)/ n. 搭档;同伴pronounce/pr@naUns/ v. 发音 increase/Inkri:s/ v. 增加;增长 speed/spi:d/ n. 速度 ability/@bIl@ti/ n. 能力;才能 brain/breIn/ n. 大脑 active/{ktIv/ adj. 活跃的;积极的 attention/@tenSn/ n. 注意;关注payattention to 注意;关注 connect/k@nekt/ v.(使)连接;与??有联系connect… with 把??和??连接或联系起来overnight/@Uv@(r)naIt/ 一夜之间;在夜间review/rIvju:/ v. & n. 回顾;复习knowledge/nQlIdZ/, /nA:lIdZ/ n. 知识;学问wisely/waIzli/ 明智地;聪明地 Annie/{ni/ 安妮(女名) AlexanderGraham Bell ? ? 贝尔

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Unit 13We're trying to save the earth! 第一课时Section A(1a-2d) Target Navigation【目标导航】 Key words and phrases: litter,bottom,fisherman,coal,ugly,advantage,cost,wooden,plastic,make a difference Key sentences: (1)The river was dirty.Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. (2)It used to be so clean. (3)People are throwing litter into the river. (4)Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up! (5)I used to be able to see stars in the sky. Skills:能听懂关于污染的问题和环境保护的话题;并初步学会用重点句型谈论污染和环保的话题。 Emotion:通过听说训练学会谈论污染和环保的话题,使学生认识到污染的严重性,从而培养学生养成爱护环境,保护环境的习惯。 The guidance of learning methods【学法指导】 听说法;小组合作。 Learning important and difficult points【学习重难点】 1.能听懂关于污染的问题和环境保护的话题;并初步学会用重点句型谈论污染和环保的话题。 2.掌握并运用Key sentences中的重点句型。 Teaching Steps【教学过程】 Autonomous Learning Scheme 【自主学习方案】 ?预习指导与检测 (一)预习指导 1.预习Page 97、98的生词和短语,根据音标会读记。 2.朗读Page 97、98的句子,能英汉互译。 (二)预习检测 Ⅰ.翻译下列单词、短语和句子。 1.在建的房屋________________ 2.手机________________ 3.噪音污染________________ 4.空气污染________________ 5.水污染________________ 6.河底________________ 7.把……扔进……________________ 8.cut down air pollution________________ 9.takeaway food________________ 10.骑自行车的其他优点________________ 11.Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up! ________________________________________________________________________ (Keys:1.building houses;2.mobile phones;3.noise pollution;4.air pollution;5.water pollution; 6.the bottom of the river; 7.throw…into…; 8.减少空气污染; 9.外卖食品;10.other advantages of bike riding;11.在这个镇上每个人都应该参与清扫。) Ⅱ.完成书中第97页1a的练习:把与污染有关的词进行分类。

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