人教版高一英语-直接引语

Module 1 Unit 1

Grammar Direct Speech and Indirect Speech Learning aim: 理解和熟记引语转换的语序,连词,人称,时态和状语等变化的规律,并认真练习

一. 直接引语与间接引语概述

引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，一般放在引号内，称作直接引语（Direct Speech）；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号，称作间接引语（Indirect Speech）。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。

二. 直接引语与间接引语的转换

直接引语变间接引语时，句子的结构，人称，时态，状语等都会发生变化。

直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，由从属连词that 引导，that 在口语中可省略。引述动词常用say, tell等,语序不变。

基本结构：sb. + say/tell + (that) + 宾语从句

①“Iam going to hide from the Germans,” said Anne.

Anne said (that)shewas going to hide from the Germans.

②”I’ll let you know as soon as I get the tickets,” he told me.

He told me that he would let me know as soon as he got the tickets.

③John said, “I like reading adventure stories.”

John said thatheliked reading adventure stories.

2.直接引语为一般疑问句

若直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为ask或asked,并在动词后加上if或whether.疑问语序要变为陈述语序。

基本结构是：sb. + ask/asked + sb. + whether/if + 宾语从句（陈述语序）

①He said to me, “Have you done your homework?”

He asked me if/whetherIhad done my homework.

注意：如果原问句中没有简接宾语的，可以根据情况加上。例如

②He said, “Are you interested in English?”

He asked(me)if I was interested in English.

3.直接引语为特殊疑问句

若直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍保留原来的疑问词，再把语序变为陈述语序，基本结构：sb.+ ask + sb. + 疑问词（when/who/what…）+ 句子（陈述语序）

①“Whatdoyou want, Sarah?” Mr. Li asked.

Mr. Li asked Sarah whatshewanted.

②“When do you get up?”he asked me.

He asked me when I got up.

4.直接引语为祈使句

直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，引述动词常为ask, tell, order等，间接引语一般用“名/代词+不定式”结构。

基本结构：sb. + tell/order/ask/.. + sb. + (not) to do

①“Don’t play in the street, ” our teacher said.

Our teacher toldusnotto play in the street.(要在不定式to前加not)

②“Come to see metomorrow,”said my teacher.

My teacher told me to come to see herthe next day.

三. 直接引语变间接引语的特殊情况

1.主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时，变为间接引语时态不变。

He says, “I am very happy.”

→He says that he is very happy.

2.如果直接引语中有确定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时时态不变。

He said, “The story took place in the 1930s”

→He said that the story took place in the 1930s.

3.有时就在原来的地方，或就在说话的当天转述，就不必改变指示代词，时间状语，地点

状语等。

She said, “It will snow here tomorrow.”

→She said that it will snow here tomorrow.

4.直接引语中含有某些情态动词时，间接引语可用原来形式，也可用其他情态动词表示，

但要保持原来的意义。

He said, “You must be very fond of art.”

→He said that Imust be very fond of art.

四巩固练习

Ⅰ.把下列含有直接引语的句子改成间接引语

1. A: He asked me, “Will you go to the park this evening.”

B: He asked me _______ I _______ go to the park ________ evening.

2. A: She said to me, “Is there any water there?”

B. She _____ me_______ there was any water.

3. A. She said “My brother left home three years ago.”

B. She said _____ brother _____ _____ home three years ______.

4. A. His parents said to him, “You must be in by ten tonight.”

B. His parents _____ him that he _____ ______ be in by ten _____ ______

5. A. He warned me “you had better not say anything about this.”

B. He warned me that I _____ ______ not say anything about ______.

Ⅱ单选。

1. I asked them ______ they got married.

A. who

B. that

C. which

D. when

2. She asked me _____ I would like to go to see a film with her.

A. that

B. if

C. what

D. which

3. ——What did she think of the film？

——She said she ______.

A. had never seen a better one

B. had never seen so better one

C. has never seen a so good one

D.has never seen such a good one

4. Jack said _____to meet the American friends.

A. which he pleased

B. how he is pleased

C. that he was pleased

D. what he was pleased

5. Tina told me that she had visited the park______, so she didn’t want to go with us.

A. last week

B. a week ago

C. two weeks before

D. before two weeks

6. Would you like to tell me ____the key to her bicycle?

A. where Selina had put

B. where had Selina put

C. where has Selina put

D. where Selina has put

7. Joe asked me ____a Grade One student or a Grade Two student.

A. am I

B. whether I was

C. was I

D. whether was I

8. My father asked me _____ for my aim, Harvard or Cambridge.

A. where I would choose

B. which school I would choose

C. what would I choose

D. what I would choose

9. Can you tell me ___ the bus station ?

A. how I can get to

B. how can I get to

C. where I can get to

D. where can I get to

10. The teacher said that _____.

A. practice made perfect

B. practice would made perfect

C. practice makes perfect

D. practice will make perfect

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