英语专业八级高分应试教程【命题分析+技巧指南+专项练习】-第1章【圣才出品】

第1章听力理解技巧指南及专项训练

1.1 大纲要求和题型调整

结合最新考试大纲和最新题型调整，专八听力要求如下：

1．测试要求

（a）能听懂真实交际场合中的各类会话、讲话。

（b）能听懂有关政治、经济、历史、文化、教育、语言文学、科普方面的演讲及演讲后的问答。

（c）能理解所听材料的大意，领会说话者的态度、感情和真实意图。

（d）能做较为完整的笔记。

（e）考试时间25分钟。

2．测试形式

本部分为填空题和多项选择题形式，分三节：Section A和Section B，共20题。

Section A：Mini-lecture

本部分由一个约900个单词的讲座和一项填空任务组成。要求学生边听边作笔记，然后完成填空任务。答题时间10分钟。本部分共10题。

Section B：Conversation or Interview

本部分由一个约1000个单词的会话或两个约500个单词的会话组成。会话后有10道多项选择题。

本部分每道题后有10秒的间隙，要求学生听到问题后从所给的四个选项中选出一个最

佳答案。

听力理解部分的录音语速为每分钟150个单词，念1遍。

3．测试目的

测试学生获取口头信息的能力。

4．试题特点

（1）题量上

根据最新题型调整来看，听力部分由原来的三种题型（Mini-lecture、Conversation or Interview、News Broadcast）改为两种题型（Mini-lecture& Conversation or Interview），录音原文维持不变，依然在2000词左右，考试时间依然由原来的35分钟缩短至25分钟，题量由原来的20题增至25题，难度加大。Conversation or Interview部分每小题对应的时间依然为10秒。

（2）难度上

专八听力是历届考生相对失分较多的题型，尤其是记笔记填空的Mini-lecture部分，在其他英语考试中并不多见，难度较大。另外，本次题型调整后，Conversation or Interview 部分的问题改为录音播放，这就要求考生不仅要听懂讲座或对话的内容，还需听懂问题。

（3）选材上

修订版大纲对专八听力文章选材说明如下：

（a）讲座部分的内容与英语专业方向课程相关。

（b）会话部分的内容与学生的日常生活、社会和学习活动相关。

（c）听力材料难度为中等偏上。

（4）语音语速上

专八听力发音为标准的英音及美音，基本不会涉及方言；

大纲规定听力理解部分的录音语速为每分钟150个单词，需注意的是有时语速要快于这个速度。

1.2 Mini-Lecture命题分析及应试技巧

1．真题回顾

通过上图可知最近几年讲座的命题特点为：

◆选材明确

在2004年之前，讲座的选材范围颇广，涉及各个方面，没有很强的专业性，一般都是关于考生日常接触的事物，如政治、经济、教育、文化等。自从2004年颁布新大纲以后，选材范围变窄，大纲明确指出讲座部分的内容与英语专业知识课程相关，涉及的范围包括：英美文学、英美国家的概况、语言学、跨文化交际、词汇学、英语教学法和英语教育心理学等，因此考生应在平时打下扎实的专业基础。

◆语言正式

讲座一般为正式文体，使用的语言比较规范，经常会出现一些专业名词和术语。

◆层次分明

讲座的整体结构层次分明，逻辑性强，信息引导词清晰明了，使听者容易跟上并且踩准讲座的每一个节奏，层层推进，理顺脉络。

2．考点分析

（1）要点题

要点题即针对讲座的要点设置空缺，讲座的要点一般为体现讲座的主要内容和文章脉络的句子，多为段落的主题句，在答题纸上一般以黑体突出显示。解答要点题需要考生从宏观上把握文章的脉络结构。

例：[2006年真题]

Meaning in Literature

I. Meaning is what is intended by____1____

Apart from reading an author’s work in question, readers need to

1）read____2____

by the same author;

2）get familiar with____3____at the time;

3）get to know cultural values and symbols of the time.

II. Meaning exists “in” the text itself.

III. Meaning is created by____7____.

【录音原文】

Good Morning. In today’s lecture, we shall discuss what meaning is in literary works. When we read novels, poems etc., we invariably ask ourselves a question, that is, what does the writer mean here? In other words, we are interested in finding out the meaning. But meaning is a difficult issue in literature. How do we know

what a work of literature is supposed to mean, or what its real meaning is? I’d like to discuss 3 ways to explain what meaning is.

No. 1 Meaning is what is intended by the author.

No. 2 Meaning is created by and contained in the text itself.

And No. 3 Meaning is created by the reader.

（2）细节题

细节题是要点之下细节内容上的填空，是专八讲座采用最多的出题形式。细节题大致分为：直截了当型，细节理解型和推断题。

①直截了当型

此类细节题可以直接拿来就填，讲座内容和需要填入的内容完全吻合，所以只要笔记上记录下来，就可以答出题。

例：[2009年真题]

III. Structure of an experimental report

— feature: highly structured and____3____

— sections and their content:

【录音原文】

A highly structured and disciplined report is written in sections, and the sections by and large follow an established sequence.

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