中考英语情态动词专题讲解与练习

中考英语-情态动词专题讲解与练习

情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。

考点一：can，may，must等情态动词在陈述句中的用法：

1. can的用法：

（1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，尤其是生来具备的能力。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。

（2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。（3）.表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t译为“不可能”。如：—Can it be our teacher那个人有可能是我们老师吗

—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。

2. could的用法：

（1）.can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。

如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。

（2）. could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favor 你能帮我个忙吗—Could I use your pen我能用一下你的钢笔吗—Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）

3. may的用法：

（1）.表示请求、许可，比can正式，如：May I borrow your bike我可以借你的自行车吗You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。

(2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。

如：It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.

(3) .may的过去式为might，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。

(4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V

例如：May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you succeed！祝你成功！

4. must的用法：

(1).must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。

（2）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答needn’t或don’t have to .如：Must I hand in my homework right now我必须现在交作业吗No,you needn’t.

(4)must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。mustn't表示“禁止，不允许”

如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。

5. need的用法：

（1）.need表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，，意为“没有必要，不必”。如：—Need I stay here any longer 我还有必要留在这儿吗

—Yes, you must .是的。—No. you needn’t /don’t have to.不，你不必。(2).need还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。如：I need to do it right now.我需要马上做这件事。He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。

如果是物作主语，一般用need doing与need to be done这种情况下应注意两点：

①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted.那扇门需要油漆一下。

need的用法的助记口诀：实义动词表“需要”，后接名、代、不定式。need后接动名词，

主动形式表被动。情态动词表“需要”，没有人称数之变。其后直接加动原，多用疑问与否定。

7. shall的用法：

shall表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称），如：Shall we go out for a walk我们出去散步好吗

在英语中，我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的建议或征求对方意见。

(1).用“Let's do...”来提出建议。如：Let's go for a walk after supper.

(2).用“What/How about...”来提出建议；about后接名词或动词ing形式。如：What about/How about a drink What about/How about taking Tom with us

(3).用“Why not...”来提出建议，表示“何不……”not面后接动词原形。“Why not...”实际上是“Why don't you/we...”的简略形式。如：Why not meet at the school gate at eight Why don't we stay here another day

(4).用“Would you like...”来提出建议，意思是“你想要……吗”Would you like后可接名词或不定式。如：Would you like a cup of tea Would you like to go and see her 因此，如果我们说：“去游泳好吗”英语中可有这样几种表达法：Shall we go for a swim Let's go for a swim，shall we What about/How about going swimming Why not go for

a swim Would you like to go for a swim What do you think of going for a swim

8. should的用法：

（1）.should意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。

如：We should protect the environment.我们应该保护环境。

（2）Should have done表示对过去动作的责备、批评。

如：You should have finished your homework.你应该已经完成作业了。（事实上你没有完成。）

(3)be supposed to do=should do, ought to 可以代替should,语气更强烈些。

9. will的用法：

will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。如：I will help you if I’m free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空，我就会帮你。

注意：

1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式变换。

there be句型的一般将来时的形式就是there will be。（一定不能说there will have）例如：There are many students in our school.→There will be many students in our school.

There will be（is going to be） a sports meeting next week.一定不能说：There will have a sports meeting next week.

2、will与be going to区别：

①. be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.

②. be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.③. be goi ng to含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思，

如：She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.

④.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to,而多用will,如：If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.

10. had better的用法：

had better意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接不带to的不定式，其否定形式为：had better not+动原。如：We had better go now.我们最好现在就走。

You’d better not give the book to him.你最好不要把这本书给他。

考点二：含有情态动词的疑问句的回答:

1.对may引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式：Yes,you may. Yes, of course. No, you can’t.

2.对must引出的疑问句，回答方式为：Yes, …must. No,…don’t have to.

在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。

—Could I use your pen我能用一下你的钢笔吗—Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）

4. shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种： Yes, please. All right. No, thank you.

you…的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)All right/ OK/ With pleasure. Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please.

考点三:不同情态动词的否定意义也不同：

1.（1）.can’t可译为“不会”，如：I can’t play basketball.我不会打篮球。

（2）当句子表推测时，用can’t表达不可能，如：He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.他不可能病了，他正和Tom下棋呢。

（3）can’t还可用来回答“ May I … ”这样的问句。

如：May I come in 我可以进来吗No, you can’t.不，你不能。

（4）can’t还可用于固定习语中。can’t help doing禁不住，情不自禁

can’t wait to do something迫不及待地要做…

如：She can’t help crying.她禁不住大哭起来。

The children can’t wait to open the box.孩子们迫不及待地想打开盒子。

2.may的否定式为may not，译成“可能不”，如：He may not be at home.他也许不在家。't 不表示推测，而表示禁止。意义为“禁止，不允许”

-- May I park my car here --No,you mustn’t.

考点四:情态动词的被动语态

含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+ be + done (动词的过去分词)。做题时要兼顾情态动词和被动语态这两个方面。

More and more trees must be planted in China.在中国必须种植更多的树木。

Many of the stars can not be seen because they are far away from us.很多星星我们都看不到，因为它们离我们太远了。

考点五:情态动词表示推测的用法:

一、“情态动词+动词原形”表示对现在的推测。

1、can表示推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。

如：That man can＇t be her husband. She is still single.

Who is knocking at the door Can it be the postman

2、must表示肯定的推测，一般用于肯定句中。

如：He must be in his office Li must be working now，for the lights in his office are still on.

3、might表示推测时不一定是may的过去时，只是表示其可能性较may小。

如：—Where is Mr Li —He might be working in his office.

—May Mr Li come —He might not come here.

4、must,may,might/could都可以在肯定句中表“可能”。其中must的语气最强，可能性最大，其余依次递减;否定句用can’t.

【情态动词易混点归纳】

易混点一: can和be able to:

两者表示能力时用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式，在其他时态中要用be able to来表示。另外be able to常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。

如：Jim can’t speak English.吉姆不会说英语。He could speak English at 5.他五岁时就会说英语。We’ll be able to see him next week.下星期我们将会见到他。He has been able to drive.他已经会开车了。I’m sure you’ll be able to finish it quickly.我相信你能迅速地完成。We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon.我们能在中午到达山顶。

易混点二:can和may

1.can和may均可用来征求意见或许可，意为“可以”，一般可互换使用。

如：Can/ May I help you 我能帮助你吗

2. can和may表示可能性时的区别：

1)在肯定句中用might，may，must，不用can

2)在疑问句，否定句中用can，can’t（不可能），不用may，must。如：She may be in the classroom .她可能在教室里。Where can they be now他们现在可能在哪儿That can’t be true.那不可能是真的。

易混点三: may be和maybe

用法区别常用位置

may be may为情态动词，be为动词原形句中，作谓语

maybe 副词，大概、也许，相当于perhaps 句首，作状语

例如：He may be wrong , but I’m not sure.也许他错了，但我也不确定。Maybe he is wrong.

情态动词练习题

( )1. Mr Wang ______ be in Nanjing now, he went to Beijing only this morning.

A. mustn’t

B. may not

C. can’t

D.

needn’t

( ) 2. –Must I stay at home, Mum --No, you ______.

A. needn’t

B. mustn’t

C. don’t

D. may

not

( ) 3. –Can you go swimming with us this afternoon

--Sorry, I can’t. I _____ take care o f my little sister at home because my mother is ill.

A. can

B. may

C. would

D. have to

( ) 4. –May I go to the cinema, Mum --Certainly. But you ______ be back by 11 o’clock.

A. can

B. may

C. must

D. need

( ) 5. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish ______ into the river.

A. needn’t be thrown

B. mustn’t be thrown

C. can’t throw

D. may not throw

( ) 6. –May I go out to play basketball, Dad

--No, you ______. You must finish your homework first.

A. mustn’t

B. may not

C. couldn’t

D. needn’t

( ) 7. –Where is Jack, please --He _____ be in the reading room.

A. can

B. need

C. would

D. must

( ) 8. –Who is the man over there Is it Mr Li

--No, it ______ be him. Mr Li is much taller.

A. musn’t

B. may not

C. can’t

D. needn’t

( ) 9. These books ______ out of the reading room. You have to read them here.

A. can’t take

B. must be taken

C. can take

D. mustn’t be taken

( ) 10. –Must we hand in the papers now --No, you ______.

A. can’t

B. may not

C. mustn’t

D. needn’t

( ) 11. John ______ go there with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure about it.

A. must

B. can

C. will

D. may

( ) 12. –May I stop here --No, you ______.

A. mustn’t

B. might not

C. needn’t

D. won’t

( )13. –Could I borrow your dictionary -- Yes, of course you

_______.

A. might

B. will

C. can

D. should

( )14. –Shall I tell John about the bad news

--No, you ______. I think that will make him sad.

A. needn’t

B. wouldn’t

C. shouldn’t

D. mustn’t

( )15. –Someone is knocking at the door. Who ______ it be

--It ______ be Tom. He is still in the school.

A. can; can’t

B. can; mustn’t

C. might; could

D. might; may

( )16. I need ______ a new cellphone,for the old one needs______ .

A. buy; to repair

B. buy; repaired

C. to buy; repairing

D. buying; repair

中考英语专题复习教案知识讲解

中考英语专题复习教 案

中考英语专题复习教案 一、听力 听力建立在词汇和短语的基础上完成的，要在熟悉1680，以及305个短语的情况下进行系统练习。若想在听力上取得较高得分数要多做多都，对于听力材料需要反复听，听的过程中做做速记。 在条件允许的情况下每次课给学生做一套听力题并针对错误题目进行重复听和讲解。 二、单项选择 单项选择属于考查各项基础知识的传统题型，此题内容涉及语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语功能等方面。此题灵活，覆盖面广，但多数题目源于课本或化于课本。 为学生复习中考易考名词冠词代词数词介词连词形容词和副词情态动词等的用法和区分，熟悉词性转换以及易混单词，一词多译或近义词。如对于经典中考单选题进行知识点提炼和讲解。 在复习知识点的基础上教学生运用综合性的知识答题，“语不离句，句不离文，语法不离语境”。学会用排除法选出答案。 三、句子翻译 它要求考生有较精准的语言素养，考查考生对词义的理解、词汇的拼写、词性的选择和运用，以及固定搭配、句子的类型结构、句子的时态等方面的能力。 在归纳总结课文中出现的动词、固定搭配词组并用简单句的基本句型考虑组成句子进行举例。 四、完型填空 教学生运用四种方法解题： 1.论证法根据上下文的意思，运用所学的词汇和语法知识，从句子结构和意义上进行分析，并判断所选词语是否正确。

2.推理法根据考生对整篇短文的理解，对文章的主题，情节的发展做出合理的推断。 3.上下文搜索法完形填空给出的是都是整篇的文章，文章本身就是前后一致的。我们可能从上下文中找到提示或发现答案。 4.排除法在无法确定答案的时候，我们可以采取排除法，逐一验证四个选项，以将错误答案一一排除后得出正确答案。 五、补全对话 补全对话是考查学生交际应用英语的能力。 总结一些常见情景下经常运用的句型、词组，比如，问路、看病、邀请等常规用语。让学生背熟。 六、阅读理解 阅读理解是中考试题中分值最高的题，在原来的“选择填空”的基础上，增加了“根据短文内容回答问题”这一新题型，进一步考查了考生的理解水平。考生知识积累的多寡，直接影响得分。 1.为学生讲解常见英语阅读理解中记叙文议论文说明文三种问题的基本构成。 2 .重视整体理解能力。遇生词不要查字典，通过上下文来理解。 七、句意填词 主要考查学生对文章的整体理解把握及对动词的时态、语态，非谓语动词及各种句式的运用。 结合具体题目给学生分析整理考点。 八、改写句子 需要辨识和改正常见语病，包括搭配不当成分残缺语序不当前后矛盾用词不当等。

(英语)中考英语动词专项训练及答案

（英语）中考英语动词专项训练及答案 一、动词 1．—How many _______doctors are there in your hospital, David? —_______them _______over one hundred. A. woman, The number of, is B. women, A number of, are C. woman, A number of, is D. women, The number of, is 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——戴维，在你们医院有多少女医生？——有100多名。空一，根据be动词are，可知是可数名词复数，woman的复数形式为women；空二，根据over one hundred，可知此处表示数量，固定搭配the number of，……的数量，空三，主语是the number of…，谓语用第三人称单数is。故选D。 【点评】考查不规则可数名词的复数和短语辨析。注意掌握常见的不规则可数名词复数的变形，注意the number of…，……的数量，a number of...，大量的……。 2．My elder brother my wet sports shoes and made me sit by the fire. A. took off B. kicked off C. carried out D. put out 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我的哥哥脱掉了我的湿的运动鞋，让我坐在炉火旁．took off脱掉．kicked off踢开．carried out进行，执行．put out扑灭．根据题干后半句made me sit by the fire让我坐在炉火旁．可推知前半句意思为我的哥哥脱掉了我的湿的运动鞋．结合选项只有A符合题意．故选A． 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。 3．Mum, what are you cooking? It_______ so sweet. A. tastes B. feels C. sounds D. smells 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】：妈妈，你正在做什么呢？闻起来这么香。taste“尝起来”；feel“感觉”；sound“听起来”；smell“闻起来”。结合语境，故选D。 【点评】考查系动词辨析。 4．—Mm…Your pizza______ so nice.——Thanks! Would you like to try some? A. smells B. feels C. sounds D. tastes 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——嗯……你的比萨闻起来真香。——谢谢，要试一些吗？A. smells闻起来；B. feels感觉，摸起来；C. sounds听起来；D. tastes品尝，尝起来。食物要么闻到香味，要么尝到味道，根据语境，这里是闻到，故选A。

中考英语情态动词专练试题

情态动词练习 一.用must, might, could , can’t, can, may ,mustn’t , couldn’t填空 1.The toy ______ be Bob’s. He is the only kid here. 2.The beautiful trousers _____ be Tom’s.They are too long . 3.The football ______ be Weihua’sor Tianhui’s.They both play football. 4.The earrings ______ be Jane’s.She sometimes wears earrings. 5. The textbook ______ belong to Tom. It has his name on it. 6.---Someone is knocking at the door. Who _____ it be? --- It _____ be Jane.She’s gone to Shanghai. 7.You ______ be very tired after working for three hours without a stop. 8.She _____ be at home now. The light in her room is not on. 9.Don’t play with the knife.It’s very sharp and you ______ hurt yourself. 10. I bought some sandwiches because I thought he ______ be hungry. 11.---Tom,where is your father?----I’m not sure.He ______ be in his office. 12.“_______ I clean all the rooms?”“No, you needn’t.” 13.You _____ play on the road. It’s too dangerous. 14.Tom ___ come t o the party tonight,but I’m not sure. 15..You _____ be careful when you cross a busy road. 16.Don’t throw the bottles away. They ______ be needed in the future. 17.It’s too late. ______ they be doing the experiment? 18.The boys ______ help laughing when they heard the funny story.

人教版中考英语专题训练 情态动词1

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