商务英语期末复习重点
●The four c’s model for evaluating
human resources(评价人力资源
的四个C模式)：
●1:competence 2:commitment
3:congruence 4:cost
effectiveness
●What is corporate culture?(什么
是企业文化？)：is described as
the personality of
●an organization,or simply as how
things are done around here.is a
broad term used
●to define the unique personality
or character of a particular
companyor organnization,
●and includes such elements as
core values and beliefs,corporate
ethics,and rules of
●behavior.An organization’s
culture is transmitted in different
ways,including long standing
●and often unwritten rules,shared
standards about its
importance,prejjudices,standard
sfor
●social etiquette and
demeanor,established customs
foe how to relate to peers and
what
●is and what is and is not
appropriate behavior.
●Creation of corporate culture(企
业文化的创建)：Three majior
factors contribute to the
●emergence of organizational
culture.They are company
founders,ecperience with the
●genera business and industry
environment,and contact with
others.
●Tools for transmitting culture(企
业文化的传播途径)：symobols,
stories, jargon,
●ceremonies, and statements of
principle
●What is E-commerce?(什么是电
子商务)：E-commerce is doing
business through electronic
●media or the practice of buying
and selling products and services
over the internet,utilizing
●technologies such as the
Web,Electronic Data
Interchange,email,electronic
fund trancsfers
●and smart cards,without
face-to-face meeting between
the two parties of the
transaction.
●Types of E-commerce(电子商务
的类型)：intra-organizational
E-commerce;Business-to-Busines
s
●(B2B)E-commerce;Business-to-C
onsumer(B2C)E-Commerce;Cons
umer-to-Consumer(C2C)E-Comm
erce;
●Government-to-Citizen(G2C)
E-Commerce;Government-to-Bus
iness(G2B)E-Commerce
●Compensation (报酬)：企业应该
对员工进行公平而有竞争性的
工资，额外福利一级其他
●形式的劳动补偿。
● A work force will be an
invalubale asset to the
organization, and the firm
should compensate them
●with equitable and competitive
wages and salaries,fringe
benefits and other forms of
reward
●What is human resources
management?(什么是人力资源
管理？)：It includes such basic
●activities as human resource
planning,recruitment,selection,s
ocilaization,training and
development,
●performance
appraisal,promotions,transfers,d
emootions,separations,and
compensation.
●Segmentation bases(细分依据)：
Marketers can segment
consumer markets according to
geographic
●,demographic,psychographic,or
behaviouralistic
bases.Demographic
segmentation bases divide a
market
●in terms of personal
charactersitics such as
age,income,education,occupatio
n,sec,race,social class,
●marital status,or family size.
●The research process(调研过程)：
五个步骤；Forming the research
question;research design;data
●collection;data
analysis;choosing the best
solution
●Marketing research(市场营销调
研)：Marketing research is the
process of systematically
gathering,
●analysing and interpreting date
pertaining to the compant’s
market,customers and
competitors,with
●the goal of improving
marketing decisions.
●Sole proprietorships(个人企业)：
An organization that is
owned,and usually managed,by
one person is
●called a sole proprietorship.
Disadvantages:the owner is
personally responsible for all
aspects of
●the business.He has unlimited
liability.If the business is being
sued,so is the business owner.If
the business
●owes money,the business
owner is responsible for the
debts,and the owner may have
to use personal assets to pay.
●Partnerships(合伙企业)：A
general partnership is a business
with at least one general partner
who has
●unlimited liability for the debts
of the business. A limited
artnership is an arrangement
where a person
●can contribute to a business
without being involved in the
affairs of the partnershipp.
●Mergers & Acquisitions(企业兼
并和收购)：有三种，A horizontal
mergerjoins firms in the same
industry
●and allows them to dicersify or
expand their products. A vertical
merger is the joining of two
firms involved
●in different stages of related
businesses-a manufacturer
mergin with a aspplier of
component products,or
● a manufacturer merging with a
distributor of its products. A
potential competition
merger(conglomerate)
●unites firms in completely
unrelated industries.
●The marketing concept(市场营
销观念)：The marketing concept
is the philosophy that firms
should analyze
●the needs of their customers
and then make decisions to
satisfy those needs,better than
the competition. ●Difference between selling and
marketing(销售与营销的差别)：
Selling:1emphasis is on the
product,2company
●first makes the product and
then figures out how to sell it
3management is
sales-volumeoriented,4planning
is
●shor-run,in terms of today’s
products and markets.5stresses
needs of seller.
Marketing:1emphasis
●is on customers’wants.2conpany
first determines
customers’wants and then
figures out how to make and
deliver
● a product to satisfy those
wants.3management is
profit-oriented.4planning is long
term,in the sense of new
●products,tomorrow’smarkets,an
d futur
e growth.5stresses wants
of buyers.
商务英语口译期末复习资料(参考译文)
P23页 1.我在上午说过，今天我们各国面临一个机会，可以分别和共同作出具体承诺和采取明确措施，确保核材料的安全，防止核材料落入那些无疑会利用它们的恐怖主义分子手中。 2.今晚，我可以这么说，我们成功地把握了这一机遇，作为具体的国家和国际社会，我们已经采取了措施，美国人民将因此更安全，世界将更稳定。 3.我谨在此感谢出席这一具有历史意义的峰会的全体代表，来自世界各地区的49位领导人。今天之所以能取得进展，是因为这些领导人不仅与会发言，而且采取行动；不是含糊地承诺在未来采取行动，而是承诺他们准备立即实施的有意义的步骤。 4.我还要感谢各位同仁在讨论中所表现的坦率与合作精神。今天并无冗长的讲话，亦无要求别国如何是从的训诫。我们互相倾听、互相尊重。我们认识到，虽然不同国家面临不同的挑战，但我们有着共同的利益，即确保这些危险核材料的安全。 P52页 1.在二十一世纪，你们必须承担不分国界的国际金融系统的重任。当香港和雅加达的股票市场下跌时，其影响再也不是局部性，而是全球性的。因此，贵国充满生机的经济成长同整个亚太地区恢复稳定和经济发展紧密相连。 2.在最近一次的金融危机中，中国坚定不移地承担了对本地区和全世界的责任，帮助避免了又一个危险的货币贬值周期。我们必须继续携手合作，对付全球金融系统面临的威胁以及对整个亚太地区本应有的发展和繁荣的威胁。 3.在我以上列举的每一个关键领域，显然，只要我们相互合作而不是互不往来，我们就能取得更大的成就。因此，我们应该努力，确保双方之间目前的建设性关系在下个世纪结出圆满的协作果实。 4.要做到这一点，我们就必须更好地相互了解，了解各自的共同利益、共有的期望和真诚的分歧。我相信这种公开直接的交流有助于澄清和缩小我们的分歧。更为重要的是，允许人们理解、辩论和探讨这些问题，能使他们对我们建设美好的未来更加充满信心。 P69页 1. Presenting gifts is one of the important contents of modern business activities, in order to establish friendly relations, progress friendship, and also can be applied to advertising and promoting. It’s important to select a gift, because it transmits the information of culture, economy, status, knowledge and other aspects. It’s probably both may improve the image of the company and may damage it. 2. Presenting gifts in business activities can generally divide into several conditions as following: (1) Presenting gifts for employees and rewarding their hard work. (2) Presenting gifts for enhancing the business connection with customers. (3) Presenting gifts for each other to build relationships with business counterparts. 3. Therefore, more and more companies realize that presenting gifts in business activities is not only advertising, but also a important tool
商务英语函电在对外贸易中的重要性
随着全球经济的快速发展和经济一体化的进程，世界各国的经济贸易往来日益频繁，而众所周知，英语是当今全球运用最广的语言，因此英语便也成为了对外贸易中的主要用语我们也称之为商务英语。而商务函电是指在对外贸易中所使用的信函，电报，电传，传真，电子邮件等通讯方式。所以商务英语函电就是指在对外贸易活动中以英语为载体而进行的商务函电往来。商务英语函电是国际商务往来中经常使用的联系方式，是开展对外贸易业务和有关商务活动的基础及重要工具。商务英语函电是对外贸易的交流工具，它贯穿于对外贸易的各个环节，及时，具体，完整，准确地为贸易双方传递商务事业信息以及帮助双方达成最有效的交流与沟通。商务英语函电是对外贸易的重要媒介，它在各国之间相互沟通，开展业务，达成交易，建立友好关系工作等对外贸易活动中起着举足轻重的作用，是对外贸易中不可或缺的组成部分。如果没有往来的商务英语函电，贸易双方就无法完成正常的交流与沟通，无法获知对方的各项商务信息，因此大部分的国际贸易活动也都不可能顺利进行，所以，商务英语函电在对外贸易中的重要性可想而知。 商务英语函电在对外贸易中的第一个重要性就表现在它的索取信息和传递信息的功能。对外贸易本身就是特指国际贸易活动中的一国或地区同其他国家或地区所进行的商品、劳务和技术的交换活动。这是立足于一个国家或地区去看待它与其他国家或地区的商品贸易活动。他不同于国内贸易，可以去实地进行考察，双方面对面进行交流与沟通，从而获取一切对方的商务事业信息，对外贸易大多涉及本国以外的不同国家与不同地区，在很大程度上受到贸易双方地理位置等客观条件的限制，如果也像国内贸易那样进行面对面的索取信息与传递信息，这个过程肯定是繁琐而复杂的，而且加上空间和时间的限制，这个过程的成本费用也会很高，速度也会很缓慢，过程中的安全问题也不能得到保障，甚至于可能在这种实际的信息传递中造成数据的丢失或者毁坏。商务英语函电的存在，就让这些问题得到了一一化解，索取信息和传递信息不会再受到时间和空间等因素的限制，甚至比以前更加快捷，可以快速的索取有效的信息传递给从事对外贸易的双方，利用商务英语函电开展对外贸易，买卖双方可采用标准化、电子化的格式合同、提单、保险凭证、发票和汇票、信用证等，使各种相关单证在网上即可实现瞬间传递，大大节省了单证的传输时间，而且还能有效地减少因纸面单证中数据重复录入导致的各种错误，对提高交易效率的作用十分明显,而且加上中间大量环节的减少，也在一定程度上降低了对外贸易过程中的成本。 商务英语函电在对外贸易中的第二个重要性表现在它一直贯穿于对外贸易的始终，处理整个对外贸易中各个环节的相关事宜。它涉及外贸业务中的各个环节。从建立业务关系、询盘、发盘、还盘、接受、执行提供、装运、保险、付款，到执行合同过程中的纠纷，以及最后的索赔，大都需要商务英语函电的解决。对外贸易过程各环节中所有往来的商务英语函电也都构成重要的法律依据，特别是当产生贸易纠纷时，它有可能左右解决纠纷的最终结果。而前面提到的还仅仅是体现在实实在在的对外贸易实际活动中，事实上，商务英语函电还在对外贸易过程中起着很多隐性作用，其实在建立业务关系之前商务英语函电的重要性就体现出来了，商务英语函电的出现让我们摒弃了传统方式上的寻找合作伙伴的方法，通过商务英语函电的平台，不但能节省大量的人力，物力，财力让你找到满意合作伙伴，也可以大大的拓宽你的选择范围，进一步寻找潜在客户。商务英语函电在洽谈过程中也起着重要的作用，他可以跨越传统的面对面洽谈的限制，在获得大量信息的情况下，还能提供更多更方便的异地洽谈方式。 商务英语函电在对外贸易中第三个重要性主要是在它使对外贸易双方更加方便的保持联络与沟通感情，促进双方得后续合作甚至长期合作。对外贸易过程中，买卖双方肯定不会只想仅仅只合作一次，甚至于双方特别互相认可的话，是容易发展长期的战略合作伙伴的，而商务英语函电就提供了这样一个长期交流的机会，商务英语函电能让交易双方能在最快的时间内进行信息与意见的交流，能在第一时间获知对方的需求，不管你在任何地方，任何时 1
商务英语函电常用句型
【无忧考网https://www.sodocs.net/doc/b14294883.html, - 商务英语考试(BEC)】： 1.Please accept our thanks for the trouble you have taken. 有劳贵方，不胜感激。 2.We are obliged to thank you for your kind attention in this matter. 不胜感激贵方对此事的关照。 3.We tender you our sincere thanks for your generous treatment of us in this affair. 对贵方在此事中的慷慨之举，深表感谢。 4.Allow us to thank you for the kindness extended to us. 对贵方之盛情，不胜感谢。 5.We thank you for the special care you have given to the matter. 贵方对此悉心关照，不胜感激。 6.We should be grateful for your trial order. 如承试订货，不胜感激。 7.We should be grateful for your furnishing us details of your requirements. 如承赐示具体要求，不胜感激。 8.It will be greatly appreciated if you will kindly send us your samples. 如承惠寄样品，则不胜感激。 9.We shall appreciate it very much if you will give our bid your favorable consideration. 如承优惠考虑报价，不胜感激。 10.We are greatly obliged for your bulk order just received. 收到贵方大宗订货，不胜感激。 11.We assure you of our best services at all times. 我方保证向贵方随时提供最佳服务。 12.If there is anything we can do to help you, we shall be more than pleased to do so. 贵公司若有所需求，我公司定尽力效劳。 13.It would give us a great pleasure to render you a similar service should an opportunity occur. 我方如有机会同样效劳贵方，将不胜欣慰。 14.We spare no efforts in endeavoring to be of service to you. 我方将不遗余力为贵方效劳。 15.We shall be very glad to handle for you at very low commission charges. 我方将很愉快与贵方合作，收费低廉。 16.We have always been able to supply these firms with their monthly requirements without interruption. 我方始终能供应这些公司每月所需的数量，从无间断。 17.We take this opportunity to re-emphasize that we shall, at all times, do everything possible to give you whatever information you desire. 我们借此机会再此强调，定会尽力随时提供贵方所需的信息。 18.We are always in a position to quote you the most advantageous prices for higher quality merchandise. 我们始终能向贵方提供品质最佳的产品，报价最为优惠。 19.This places our dealers in a highly competitive position and also enable them to enjoy a maximum profit. 这样可以使我方经营者具有很强的竞争力，还可获得最大的利润。 20.We solicit a continua ance of your confidence and support.
商务英语专业四级考试大纲及规范
商务英语专业四级考试规范（Specs for the Test for Business English Majors-Band 4）商务英语专业四级考试项目组 2015-06-19
总则 《商务英语专业四级考试大纲》（以下简称《考试大纲》）参照《高等学校商务英语专业本科教学质量国家标准》（以下简称《商务英语国家标准》）制定。根据《商务英语国家标准》规定的专业培养目标和专业培养规格，遵照科学、客观、有效、可信、可行和公平的教育评价原则，特制定本《考试大纲》。 本《考试大纲》对商务英语专业四级考试的目的、性质和内容等方面做出规定。一、商务英语专业四级考试介绍 （一）考试目的 本考试的目的是评估《商务英语国家标准》在商务英语本科专业教学中的实施效果，科学、公正、客观、有效地考查学生是否达到《商务英语国家标准》所规定的人才培养要求，检验商务英语本科专业的教学质量及教学的有效性，以考试促教学改革和进步，全面衡量本专业学生的知识结构、能力构成及素质。考试成绩可作为学生进行自我评价或为用人单位提供参考数据。 （二）考试性质与范围 本考试属于标准参照性学业考试，考核学生《商务英语国家标准》所规定的听力和阅读理解、书面表达和翻译，以及口头表达能力。 （三）考试对象 商务英语专业本科二年级学生。 （四）考试形式 本考试包括笔试和口试两种形式，均采用机器考试的形式。 （五）考试时间与组织 商务英语专业四级考试于每年12月份举行。本考试由“全国商务英语专业考试委员会”组织有关测试专家命题，考试由高等学校商务英语专业四、八级考试委员会办公室负责具体实施。 （六）试卷构成 1. 笔试 笔试由听力理解、阅读与写作、商务知识与翻译三个部分组成。考试总分为100分。各部分考试内容、题型和所占分值如下表所示： 表1 商务英语专业四级考试题型与结构
世纪商务英语
I can't believe it!Right in the middle of our conversation,Peter turned around abruptly and walked out of the room! C.suddenly突然的 The doctor said that there was only a slim hope of survival for the people in the air crash. D.very little微弱的 7 Unlike the well-mannered John,Jim was rather uncouth. A.rude粗鲁的 Jack is a resolute man. Once he sets up a goal,he won't give it up easily. resolute:坚决的 The results of the competition excedded our expectations. 超过 The author tried to interpret a difficult problem in a simple way to the readers. 解释 The company was sold according to the evaluation of its assets. 计算 They exaggerated the enemy's losses and understated their own. 没有如实地陈述 Her work is sometimes good,but the problem is she's not consistent. 一致的 The subsidiary company is operated by a young manager appointed by the board of directors. 属附公司 Canada is a bilingual country where two languages are used officially. 双语的 He had the ability to write fluent and idiomatic English. 习语的 The number of employees in the company has trebled over the past decade. 雇员 They have published a lot of new books on international issues. 发行 I will have to consult my lawyer before I can give you an answer on that. 就诊 I'd appreciate it if you let me get on with my job. 感谢 Company sales improved dramatically following a ＄2 million marketing campaign. 市场营销His parents are quite well-off;they've just bought him a new car for his birthday. 富有的 Please describe the operation of the system in unprofessional language so that
商务英语信函写作简洁原则文件
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