Material4_10综合英语专四阅读训练

Material 4-10

Text A

That Louis Nevelson is believed by many critics to be the greatest twentieth-century sculptor is all the more remarkable because the greatest resistance to women artists has been, until recently, in the field of sculptor. Since Neolithic times, sculpture has been considered the prerogative of men, partly, perhaps for purely physical reasons; it was erroneously assumed that women were not suited for the hard manual labor required in sculpting stone, carving wood, or working in I metal. It has been only during the twentieth century that women sculptors have been recognized as major artists, and it has been in the United States, especially since the decades of the fifties and I sixties that women sculptors have shown the greatest originality and creative power. Their rise to prominence parallels the development of sculpture itself in the United States, while there had been a few talented sculptors in the United States before the 1940s, it was only after 1945—when New York was rapidly becoming the art capital of the world—that major sculpture was produced in the I United States. Some of the best were the works of women.

By far the most outstanding of these women is Louis Nevelson, who in the eyes of many critics is the most original female artist alive today. One famous and influential critic, Hilton Kramer, said of her work, "For myself, I think Ms. Nevelson succeeds where the painters often fail."

Her works have been compared to the Cubist constructions of Picasso, the Surrealistic objects of Miro, and Merzbau of Schwitters. Nevelson would be the first to admit that she has been influenced by all of these, as well as by American sculptures, and by native American and pre-Columbian art, but she has absorbed all these influences and still created a distinctive art that expresses the urban landscape and the aesthetic sensibility of the twentieth century. Nevelson says, "I have always wanted to show the world that art is everywhere except that it has to pass through a creative mind."

Using mostly discarded wooden objects like packing crates, broken pieces of furniture, and abandoned architectural ornaments, all of which she has hoarded for years, she assembles architectural constructions of great beauty and power. Creating very freely with no sketches, she glues and nails objects together, paints them in boxes. These assemblages, walls, even entire environments create a mysterious, almost awe-inspiring atmosphere. Although she denied any symbolic or religious intent in her works, their three-dimensional grandeur and even their titles, such as Sky Cathedral and Night Cathedral, suggests such connotations. In some ways, her most ambitious works are closer to architecture than to traditional sculpture, but then neither Louis Nevelson nor her art fits into any neat category.

1. The passage focuses primarily on ________.

A. a general tendency in twentieth-century art

B. the work of a particular artist

C. the artist influences on women sculptors

D. materials used by twentieth-century sculptors

2. The author quotes Hilton Kramer in paragraph two most probably in order to illustrate ______.

A. the realism of Nevelson's work

B. the unique qualities of Nevelson's style

C. a distinction between sculpture and painting

D. the extent of critical approval of Nevelson's work

3. Which of the following is one way in which Nevelson's art illustrates her theory as it is expressed in paragraph four?

A. She sculpts in wood rather than in metal or stone.

B. She paints her sculptures and frames them in boxes.

C. She makes no preliminary sketches but rather allows the sculpture to develop as she works.

D. She puts together pieces of ordinary objects once used for different purposes to make her sculptures.

4. In the first paragraph, the author regards Nevelson's sculpture in the art world as "remarkable" because ________.

A. Nevelson's sculptures are difficult to understand

B. few of the artists prominent in the twentieth century have been sculptors

C. women sculptors have found it especially difficult to be accepted and recognized as major artists

D. many art critics have favored painting over sculpture in writing about developments in the art world

Text B

Affirmative action may not be the most divisive issue on the ballot, but it remains an unending source of conflict and debate—at least in Michigan, whose citizens are pondering a proposal that would ban affirmative action in the public sector. No one knows whether other states will follow Michigan's lead, but partisans on both sides see the vote as crucial—a decision that could either help or hinder a movement aimed at ending "preferential treatment" programs once and for all. Ward Connerly has no doubts about the outcome. "There may be some ups and downs..., with regard to affirmative action, but it's ending," says Connerly, the main mover behind the Michigan proposal, who pushed almost identical propositions to passage in California 10 years ago and in Washington state two years later. His adversaries are equally passionate. "I just want to shout from the rooftops, ' This isn't good for America'," says Mary Sue Coleman, president of the University of Michigan. She sees no need for Michigan to adopt the measure. "We have a living experiment in California, and it has failed," says Coleman.

Wade Henderson, executive director of the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, sees something deeply symbolic in the battle. Michigan, in his eyes, is where resegregation began—with a 1974 U.S. Supreme Court decision that tossed out a plan to bus Detroit children to the suburbs. Henderson sees that decision as a prelude to the hyper-segregation that now defines much of Michigan. The Supreme Court is currently considering two new cases that could lead to another ruling on how far public school systems can go in their quest to maintain racial balance.

All of which raises a question, why are we still wrestling with this stuff? Why, more than a quarter of a century after the high court ruled race had a legitimate place in university admissions decisions, are we still fighting over whether race should play a role?

One answer is that the very idea of affirmative action—that is, systematically treating members of various groups differently in the pursuit of diversity or social justice—strikes some I

people as downright immoral. For to believe in affirmative action is to believe in a concept of I equality turned upside down. It is to believe that "to treat some persons equally, we must treat them differently," as the idea was expressed by U. S. Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun.

That argument has never been an easy sell, even when made passionately by President Lyndon B. Johnson during an era in which prejudice was thicker than L. A. smog. Now the argument is infinitely more difficult to make. Even those generally supportive of affirmative action I don't like the connotations it sometimes carries. "No one wants preferential treatment, including I African -Americans," observed Ed Sarpolis, vice president of EPIC-MRA, a Michigan polling J firm.

In 2003, the Supreme Court upheld the University of Michigan's right to use race in the pursuit of " diversity," even as it condemned the way the undergraduate school had chosen to do so. The decision left Jennifer Gratz, the named plaintiff, fuming. "I called Ward Connerly ... and I said, 'We need to do something about this'," recalled Gratz, an animated former cheerleader. They decided that if the Supreme Court wouldn't give them what they wanted, they would take their case—and their proposition—directly to the people.

Californians disagree about the impact of Connerly's proposition on their state. But despite some exceedingly grim predictions, the sky did not fall in. Most people went about their lives much as they always hack. In a sane world, the battle in Michigan, and indeed the battle over affirmative action writ large, would offer an opportunity to seriously engage a question the enemies and defenders of affirmative action claim to care about, how do you go about creating a society where all people—not just the lucky few—have the opportunities they deserve? It is a question much broader than the debate over affirmative action. But until we begin to move toward an answer, the debate over affirmative action will continue—even if it is something of a sideshow to what should be the main event.

5. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Ward Connerly?

A. He advocates banning on affirmative action in the public sector.

B. He put forward similar proposals in other states several years ago.

C. He's sure that Michigan's movement will end preferential treatment programs.

D. He is quite confident about the outcome of his propositions in Washington.

6. Which of the following is Wade Henderson's attitude towards Michigan's movement?

A. Approval.

B. Disapproval.

C. Objective.

D. Difficult to tell.

7. According to Wade Henderson, the US Supreme Court _______.

A. once helped maintain apartheid in Michigan

B. was against racism and racial segregation

C. states its position on preferential treatment

D. is going to rule on two new cases of segregation

8. All of the following can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT that_____.

A. Harry Blackmun used to support affirmative action

B. in Lyndon Johnson's tenure, segregation haunted the US

C. Ed Sarpolis is generally in favor of affirmative action

D. African-Americans are main movers behind the Michigan proposal

9. The expression "an easy sell" in the fifth paragraph probably means______.

A. being ended without controversy

B. being sold at a cheap price

C. being accepted by others lightly

D. being accepted without doubt

10. The author believes that the debate over affirmative action_____ .

A. will soon be brought to an end

B. has aroused many people's awareness

C. is a hot potato in the United States

D. reflects partially the question of equality

(完整)四年级语文阅读练习题30篇

四年级语文阅读训练 （一）短文《“先生，您认错人了”》 有一家外资企业很大的在中国招聘雇员，条件很非常苛刻。前往应聘的都是巨有高学历的人。 当第一位应聘者走进房间时，主考的美国人立即露出兴奋之色，像他乡遇故知一样。这个美国人热情地说：“你不是哈佛大学某某专业的研究生吗？我比你高一届，你不记得了吗？” 应聘的年轻人心里一震：“他认错了。”在此时，承认自己有哈佛大学的学历对应聘绝对有好处。但这个青年冷静地说：“先生，您认错了人。我没有到美国学习过，我只有中国大学的学历。”说话的时候，他已做好了不被录用的心理准备。 没想到，主考的美国人透出惊喜之色。他说：“很好，刚才就是我们考试的第一关。下面我们进行业务考试……” 1、短文第一自然段有三处语病，你来当医生吧！（可用修改符号在原句上修改） 2、说“先生，您认错人了”这句话的人是。 3、当第一位应聘者走进房间时，主考的美国人立即露出兴奋之色是因为： 4、当第一位应聘者回答之后，主考的美国人透出惊喜之色是因为： 5、这次招聘考试的第一关考的是：；第二关考的是：。 6、读了这篇短文，你还读懂了什么？ _______________________________________________________________________ （二）短文《眼睛》 我小时（侯候）有一双好眼睛，记得在课余时，我常和同学比赛，看谁（忘望）得远，看清楚，我得过好几次第一名。大家都kuā（）我是“神眼”。 升中学后，我成了小说（迷谜），经常（捧棒）着厚厚的小说看，连吃饭、睡觉有时都w ànɡ（）了。屋子里光线暗了，我就把书凑近眼。（座坐）累了，就躺在床上看。这样时间长了，“神眼”变了近视眼。 眼睛近视后真是受罪啊！看电影的时候，别人嫌jìn（）我怕远。看球赛，场上比分我看不见。上课，坐第一排还看不清黑板的字。后来实在没有办法，我只好（）了一（副幅）眼镜。 1、给文中的拼音写上汉字。 2、去掉文中括号里不正确的字。 3、这篇短文先写，再写。 4、短文用了哪几个例子来说明眼睛近视以后受的罪？ 5、读了这篇短文，我懂得了的道理。

四年级上册语文阅读训练习题

小学语文四年级课外阅读（一） 熊猫与山民 四川崇庆县城西北的苟家乡，重峦叠嶂，云雾缭绕，莽莽苍苍。离苟家乡20多公里的岩峰村栅子，住着15户人家，周围箭竹丛生，是大小熊猫的天堂。 熊猫们自认是山民的老朋友，经常（不请自来串门访问），到居民家里（不请自来串门访问）。因为“友谊深厚”，进得屋来就不讲客套，自已动“手”翻葙倒柜，看看主人给它们准备了些什么美味佳肴。有一回，一只熊猫在一个山民家“酒醉饭饱”之后，还美美地睡了一觉，然后顺“手”将一只小板凳带回山坡作纪念，为它的生活添上一点现代的文明。熊猫们也是炭夫、药夫的朋友，它们常（照顾光顾）炭夫、药夫放在野地的炊锅，遇上可食物，也帮忙吃一些。当然，对这样的“小偷”，山民们只好（付之一笑怨天尤命）！一天，两只熊猫突然朝正在玩耍的孩子快步走去，小孩子吓得哇哇大哭，其实熊猫并无恶意。孩子走后，它们东张西望了一会儿，便大摇大摆地向树林中隐去，留下了一场（恐慌虚惊）。 浩瀚的的苟家乡的林海是宁静的，但又是十分热闹的。除大小熊猫外，金丝猴、扭角羚、豺狗等也出没无常，黄雀、杜鹃鸣奏不绝。每当猕猴桃桂满枝头的金秋时节，常可看见成群结队的金丝猴拖儿带女，或嬉戏于林间，或小憩于岩石上晒太阳，吃野果。但它们胆小羞涩，一遇见情况，便像荡秋千一样，眨眼工夫消失在茫茫林海之中，使你望树兴叹！ 1.在文中的括号里选择正确的词语。（ 2.5分） 2.解释下列词语中画横线字的意思。（2.5分） 东张西望（）虚惊（）鸣奏不绝（） 望树兴叹（）嬉戏（） 3.选择正确的答案。（4分） ①第二自然段中“友谊深厚”一词上的引号的作用是（）。 A、表示强调，指友谊非常深厚。 B、表示否定，意思是好像友谊深厚，其实不是友谊。 C、表示引用，引用别人的话说明问题。 ②本文题目的特点是（） A、以事命题。 B、以人物命题。 C、以动物命题。 D、以人物和动物的关系命题。 4.用“”画出文中描写环境的词语，然后说明这种环境有什么特点。 （3分） 5.读了这篇短文，你有什么感想？（3分）

TEM英语专业四级完整真题及答案详解

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阅读训练四

阅读训练（四）硬翅膀的纸飞机 新上任的班主任葛老师是一位年轻的女教师，这一天，她正在给五年级的学生上语文课，背对着学生在黑板上认真地板书。一向爱恶作剧的张小梦叠了一个纸飞机，准备给这位初来乍到的班主任老师一个特殊的“见面礼”，于是他将纸飞机朝黑板方向抛去。 可是，纸飞机还没飞到讲台就“熄火”了，“坠落”在讲台边。顿时，教室里一阵哄笑。当葛老师回身讲课时，又是一片安静。葛老师没有多说什么，接着讲课。过了一会儿，当葛老师再次转身板书时，张小梦又抛出了一个纸飞机，这回纸飞机很争气，直飞黑板，不偏不倚地“撞”在葛老师的手臂上，又是一阵哄笑! 年轻的葛老师转过身，表情淡定地望着在座的学生。教室里安静了许多，所有的学生都在等待着一场“暴风雨”的来临。葛老师弯下身，拾起地上的两个纸飞机，慢慢地走到了张小梦的面前，笑着问：“这都是你的‘杰作'吧?”望着葛老师慈祥的表情，张小梦反而感到不知所措，不好意思地低下了头。教室里突然“凝固”了，没有一点响声…… 年轻的葛老师依然笑着问：“张小梦同学，你能回答老师一个简单的问题吗?”张小梦抬起头，用有些 惭愧而又好奇的眼睛盯着葛老师。所有的目光也都齐刷刷地转向葛老师。“你能告诉我，为什么第一个纸飞机没能‘撞'到我吗?第二个却准确地‘撞'到了呢?”葛老师接着问。张小梦支支吾吾地回答：“第一个纸飞机太软了，飞不起来，第二个我是用硬纸叠的。” 葛老师走向讲台，严肃地对同学们说：“说得好! 我们在座的每一位同学其实都是一个纸飞机，软纸叠 的纸飞机永远飞不起来，因为它没有硬翅膀，只有练就了一对硬翅膀，才能飞得又高又远!”望着已经被深深吸引住的学生，葛老师不失时机地说：“如果我们每一天都在无所谓地浪费时间，而不把心思和精力放在学习上，那么我们的翅膀永远不会变硬，也永远飞不高飞不远! ”说完，葛老师把第二个纸飞机抛向空中，所有的目光随着那双“硬翅膀”在移动…… 这件事对我触动很大，从某个角度看，我们每个人也都是一个纸飞机，软纸叠的纸飞机永远飞不起来，因为它没有硬翅膀。只有练就了一对硬翅膀，才能飞得又高又远!但愿我们每一个人都能练就一身过硬的生存本领。成为一个带有“硬翅膀”的“纸飞机”。 1 ?纸飞机为什么飞不起来？（） A 飞机上没有装发动机。 B 叠飞机的纸太软了。 C 飞机的翅膀上粘有胶水了。 D 因为地球的引力太大。 2．短文中有两处省略号，表示第（）种意思。 A表示引文的省略E表示列举的省略 C表示语气断断续续D表示时间或声音的延长 3．张小梦给班主任的见面礼是什么？（） A 一张贺卡 B 一束花 C 两架纸飞机 D 一句祝福语 4．读了“教室里安静了许多，所有的学生都在等待着一场“暴风雨”的来临。”这句 话中“暴风雨”指什么？（） A狂风暴雨E老师的呵斥和严厉批评 C 同学们的指责和嘲笑D父母的打骂和责 备

专四阅读详解 2

星期2 Tuesday Happiness is nearly always a rebound from hard work.辛勤工作的报酬几乎总是幸福。 Beauty is a curious phenomenon, one of permeable, shifting boundaries. We may think we understand it, since we sense it effortlessly. In fact, it is a bundle of mysteries researchers are still uncovering. Consider the ancient proverb: beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Until about 30 years ago it seemed too obvious for scientists to bother with. When they finally tested it, their results startled them. On the one hand, the maxim is false. Facial beauty is the same throughout the world. In every tribe and culture, individuals will consider Marilyn Monroe, say, an attractive woman. It goes further. Males can identify good-looking men, and females charming women. Old and young, rich and poor, learned and ignorant, all agree on who is beautiful. So do people of every class and personality type. We don’t learn this response. We’re born with it. In one recent study, babies just 20 hours old recognized attractive faces and preferred them. So beauty is in our DNA. The eye of the beholder doesn’t matter. On the other hand, and this is where it gets interesting, the facial shell is just the foundation of beauty. We see the self in the face, every day, all the time, and we can’t distinguish the two. This blurring means that we gift the attractive with a large number of virtues. They seem more competent, likeable, happier, blessed with better lives and personalities. In one experiment, people predicted happier marriages and better jobs for them, and rated them lower on only one aspect: their caliber as parents. Another study found people consider them more amiable, happy, flexible, pleasure-seeking, serious, candid, outspoken, perceptive, confident, assertive, curious and active. They exert more control over their destiny, subjects felt, while the homely endure the world’s sudden change. It is calle d the “beautiful is good” stereotype, and it grants the attractive a parade of boons. Teachers consider them smarter and give them higher grades. Bosses promote them faster. In one tale in The Thousand and One Nights, a thief steals a coin-bag, and when the victim accuses him, people protest: “No, he’s such a handsome youth. He wouldn’t steal anything!” In fact, attractive people can shoplift with greater ease, since witnesses are less likely to report them. And when they do stand before the court, juries acquit them more readily and judges give them lighter penalties. 1. The proverb “beauty is in the eye of beholder” means [A] that beauty can only be admitted when most people recognize it. [B] whether somebody is beautiful depends on the person who is looking.

(完整)四年级上册英语阅读理解练习

阅读理解专项练习 （一）阅读理解，判断句子对错。对的打“√”，错的打“×”。 Hello, boys and girls. My name is Amy. I’m 12. This is my classroom.It’s clean and big. You can see a big board , six fans ,a computer and eight lights. And there are 48 desks and chairs in the classroom. 1. Amy is 13 years old. ( ) 2.My school is big and clean. ( ) 3.There is one board. It’s small. ( ) 4.There are eight lights in the classroom. ( ) 5.There are fifty chairs in the classroom. ( ) （二）阅读理解，判断句子对错。对的打“√”，错的打“×”。 Hi, my name is John. I’m from America.I’m a boy. I’m 11 years old.Now I’m in China.I like the panda. I have a panda schoolbag. It’s black and white. It’s a gift from my uncle.My schoolbag is heavy.I put 2 Chinese books, a math book and many story-books in it. 1. John is from America and he is 13 years old. ( ) 2. John likes Chinese panda. ( ) 3. John has a schoolbag. It’s yellow and white. ( ) 4. John’s schoolbag is not heavy. ( ) （三）My name is Billy . I’m a boy . I am eleven . I’m in China now . My father is a doctor and my mother is a teacher . I like Chinese food , but my parents (父母亲) don’t . They like bread . I have a nice room . There’s a bed , a desk and a chair in it . There’re many books on the desk . I like books . I often (经常)read books in the evening . ( )1. Billy is ________. A. a boy B. eleven C. in China D. A,B and C ( )2. Billy’s father is ________. A. a teacher B. a doctor C. Chinese D. a worker ( )3. Billy likes ________. A. Chinese B. Chinese food C. bread D. English ( )4. Billy has a ________ room . A. nice B. big C. small D. good ( )5. Billy often reads books ________. A. at home B. after class C. in the evening D. at school （四）阅读下面对话，判断句子，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。

阅读训练四

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四年级阅读训练含答案 HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】

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