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完形填空练习 1

英语六级综合包括完形填空和短文改错，由于前几次连续多年出了改错，不少考生对完形填空缺乏复习和练习，导致遇到完形填空的时候措手不及，也影响了总体成绩。

完形主要考三方面的内容：单词，短语词组和逻辑。我通过对历年完形考试真题的分析，发现在所考察的20个选择题中，一般来说，对单词方面的考察占据了15—17道题之多，而短语词组和逻辑相对考察得较少。所以在接下来的两周我们应该着重准备完形当中考察单词的题目：

首先，大家要在两周之内把六级要求的单词再进行复习。这个复习并不是简单地把每个单词是什么中文意思再记一次，而是要针对完形如何考察单词的方面来复习。完形考察单词主要在三方面：难词辨析，近义词辨析和形近词辨析。现在就这三方面给大家讲一讲如何准备：

难词辨析：就是要会认出选项中的单词分别是什么意思，而且这四个单词相互间没有联系，再根据它所在的句子中的意思选出正确答案，例如：

The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to __72__ information。(2009年6月)

72. A. exchange B. bypass C. switch D. interact

四个选项的意思分别是：A. exchange互换;B. bypass绕过;C. switch转变;D. interact相互作用。句子意思是：五角大楼建立网络是为了便于军事承包商和做军事研究的大学能够互相交流信息。因此，只有A. exchange才符合句意。

由此可见，对于这种题同学们唯一能做的就是能再利用这两周时间把以前所背的所有六级单词尽可能地再多看看。

近义词辨析：四个选项的意思相近，但各自意思的侧重点或用法不同，仍然根据句意选出最符合的答案，例如：

For example, most universities that __76__ the NSF network had intracampus computer networks. (2009年6月)

76. A. joined B. attached C. participated D. involved

四个选项的意思都与“联系”有关，各自意思的侧重点和用法分别是：

A. joined: 加入; join sth./sb.：加入到某事物或某人中;

B. attached: 将某物系于另一物上;attach A to B：将A系于B上;

C. participated: 参加;participate in sth.：参加某事物;

D. involved:牵涉;A be involved in B：A牵涉进了B中。

句子的意思是：例如，加入到NSF网络中的大部分大学有校际电脑网络。因此，A. joined 是最佳选项。：

从上面这道题我们可以得知，只是记住单词的意思还不够，对于意思相近的单词一定要将它们整理出来，辨析它们的意思的侧重点和用法的不同。如果同学们对单词的意义已经很了解了，在接下来的两周应该做到以上这点。

形近词辨析：大部分考察的是同根或同缀，但意义却相差较大的单词，例如：

Eisenhower’s interstate highways __64__ the nation together in new ways and __65__ major economic growth by making commerce less __66__。(2009年6月)

66. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba3572835.html,petitive https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba3572835.html,parative C.exclusive D.expensive

以上四个单词都有同样的形容词后缀：—ive, 并且在拼写上A，B与C，D分别相似，但这四个单词的意思却截然不同：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba3572835.html,petitive：竞争性的，有竞争力的;https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba3572835.html,parative：比较的，相对的;C.exclusive：独家的，专门的;D.expensive：昂贵的。句子的意思是：艾森豪威尔的州际公路将国民以新的方式联系在了一起，并且通过使交往变得没那么昂贵，而促进了主要的经济增长。所以答案选D.expensive。

这道题给我们的信息是在复习单词时，对于形近的词要特别区分，以免混淆，而把本应做对的题做错。

因此，在最后两星期同学们应把复习单词的重点放在以上三方面，这样不仅可以更有效地记忆单词，也能对更好地做题有很大的帮助。

另外，历年的完形真题也是我们要着重复习的地方，因为通过对以往考过的六级完形真题的分析，发现有很多地方都是考了又考的，例如：

So Germany was asking bright young__79__to leave their country, culture and families…(2008年6月)

79. A.dwellers B.citizens C.professionals D.amateurs

答案：C。

It began as a military communication system, which expanded into a government-funded __80__ research network. (2009年6月)

80. A.citizen B.civilian C.amateur D.resident

答案：B。采集者退散

注意，以上两道真题的选项有几个是相同的，这样的例子还有很多，同学们只要多练历年的真题，特别是练从改革以来的，可以安排在这两周来做，如果09年12月考的是完形，相信同学们一定会因此受益的。

以上就是对于完形在剩余的两周应该着重注意些什么。

总之，在最后两周，同学们如果能按照以上的建议去做，就会发现，其实，六级完形并没有大家想象地难以应付，说不定还能为我们最后的总分贡献不少。

Public image refers to how a company is viewed by its customers, suppliers, and stockholders, by the financial community, by the communities 62 it operates, and by federal and local govemments. Public image is controllable 63 considerable extent, just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are.

A firm’s public image plays a vital role in the 64 of the firm and its products to employees, customers, and to such outsiders 65 stockholders, suppliers, creditors ,government officials, as well as 66 special groups. With some things it is impossible to 67 all the diverse publics: for example, a new highly automated plant may meet the approval of creditors and stockholders, 68 it will undoubtedly find 69 from employees who see their jobs 70 .

On the other hand, high and service standards should bring almost complete approval, 71 low and 72 claims would be widely looked down up on. A firm’s public image, if it is good, should be treasured and protected. It is a valuable 73 that usually is built up over a long and satisfying relationship of a firm with publics. If a firm has learned a quality image, it is not easily 74 or imitated by competitors. Such an image may enable a firm to 75 higher prices, to win the best distributors and dealers, to attract the best employees, to expect the most 76 creditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs. It should also allow the firm’s stock to command higher price-earnings 77 than other firms in the same industry with such a good reputation and public image.

A number of factors affect the public image of a corporation. 78 include physical 79 , contacts of outsiders 80 company employees, product quality and dependability, prices 81 to competitors, customer service, the kind of advertising and the media and programs used, and the use of public relations and publicity.

62. [A] which [B] what [C] where [D] whom

63. [A] in [B] within [C] on [D] to

64. [A] attraction [B] attachment [C] affection [D] generalization

65. [A] and [B] with [C] as [D] for

66. [A] converse [B] diverse [C] reverse [D] universe

67. [A] satisfy [B] treat [C] amuse [D] entertain

68. [A] so [B] then [C] thus [D] but

69. [A] support [B] identification [C] compliment [D] resistance

70. [A] ensured [B] promoted [C] threatened [D] unemployed

71. [A] because [B] while [C] though [D] when

72. [A] false [B] fake [C] artificial [D] counterfeit

73. [A] fortune [B] asset [C] possession [D] property

74. [A] countered [B] defeated [C] repelled [D] compelled

75. [A] pay [B] get [C] order [D] charge

76. [A] favorite [B] prosperous [C] favorable [D] prospective

77. [A] rate [B] ratio [C] ration [D] interest

78. [A] These [B] They [c] that [D] It

79. [A] appliances [B] equipment [C] devices [D] facilities

80. [A] on [B] with [C] in [D] along

81. [A] relative [B] related [C] reliable [D] reconcilable

大意：本文主要介绍了企业公众形象这一话题。公众形象对于一个企业起着至关重要的作用，因此需要保护好企业的良好形象，因为它对企业来说是非常有价值的资产。文中提到一些因素或许会对企业的形象产生一定影响。

62．C语法结构题。此处where修饰the communities，引导定语从句，故选C。

63．D惯用搭配题。该句意为“公众形象在很大程度上是可以控制的”，to…extent为固定用语，意为“在某种

程度上”，符合句意。其他三项都不能构成此搭配，故选D。

64．A词义辨析题。该句意为“一个公司的形象对于公司的__________起着至关重要的作用”，the attraction of the firm意为“公司的吸引力”，符合句意，故选A。

65．C惯用搭配题。该句意为“并且对于这些外在群体，__________股东、供应商、债权人、政府官员”，such as为固定用语，意为“例如”，符合句意。其他三项都不能构成此搭配，故选C。

66．B词义辨析题。converse意为“相反的”；diverse意为“多样的”；reverse意为“颠倒的”；universe意为“宇宙”。根据上下文此处要表达“各种各样的特殊群体”，故选B。

67．A词义辨析题。该句意为“由于一些原因，不可能__________所有各种各样的公众群体”，只有satisfy(满足)符合句意，故选A。treat意为“对待”；amuse意为“取乐，逗乐”；entertain意为“娱乐”，均排除。

68．D逻辑衔接题。根据句意此处前后两句为转折关系，故选D。

69．D词义辨析题。此空要与from连接，并与前面的approval构成反义表述，故D resistance“阻止，阻挡”符合句意。support意为“支持”；identification意为“身份”；compliment 意为“满意”，均排除。

70．c词义辨析题。ensured意为“确保的，保证的；promoted意为“升职的”；threatened 意为“受到威胁的”；unemployed意为“失业的”。根据上下文此处要表达看到自己的工作受到威胁，故选C。

71．B逻辑衔接题。前半句提到high…该句又说low…，可见此句前后两部分为转折关系，故选B。

72．A词义辨析题。该句意为“低级__________的主张会受到歧视”。false意为“错误的”；fake意为“假的”；artificial意为“人工的”；counterfeit意为“伪造的”。根据上下文此处应为“错误的主张”，故选A。

73．B词义辨析题。该句意为“它是有价值的__________”。fortune意为“财产，运气”；possession意为“财产，拥有”；property意为“财产”；asset意为“资产，资本”。由此可见只有“有价值的资产”符合逻辑，且符合表达习惯，故选B。

74．A词义辨析题。该句意为“如果一个企业有良好的形象，那么对手就很难与之__________或者效仿”。counter意为“反对，抗衡”；defeat意为“打败”；repel意为“排斥”；compel意为“强迫，迫使”。根据句意本题选A。75．D词义辨析题。该句意为“这样的公众形象可能使公司__________更高的价格”。pay意为“付钱”；get意为“得到”；order意为“预订，订购”；charge与price搭配意为“要价”。结合旬意本题选D。

76．C词义辨析题。该句意为“期待最__________债权人关系和最低的借贷成本”。favorite 意为“喜欢的”；prosperous意为“繁荣的”；favorable意为“有利的”；prospective意为“角度”，结合句意和选项，应该是“最有利的债权人关系”，故选C。

77．B词义辨析题。该句意为“拥有如此好的名誉和公众形象，它应该也可以让公司股票有更高的价格收入”．price-earnings ratio为固定用法，意为“(股票市场上的)市盈率，价益比”，故选B。rate意为“比例”；ration意为“定额，定量”；interest意为“利率”。

78．B语法结构题。这是一个指代题，they指代前面的factors，故选B。

79．D词义辨析题。该句意为“包括硬件__________”。appliances意为“器具，器械”；equipment意为“设备”；devices意为“装置”；facilities意为“设施”，根据惯用表达选D。

80．B惯用搭配题。该句意为“外部群体__________公司雇员的联系”。Contact with为固定用语，意为“与……联系”，符合句意。其他三项都不能构成此搭配，故选B。

81．A词义辨析题。该句表达的是“能与同行竞争者相抗衡的价格”。relative意为“相对的，比较的”；related意为“相关的”；reliable意为“依赖的”；reconcilable意为“可以调和的”，故选A。

Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? 1 an event takes place; newspapers are on the streets 2 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to 3 the news.

Newspapers have one basic 4 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 5 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 6 inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. 7 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 8 and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are 9 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers 10 of the latest news, today's newspapers 11 and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers' economic choices 12 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 13 .Newspapers are sold at a price that 14 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main 15 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The 16 in selling advertising depends on a newspaper's value to advertisers. This 17 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends 18 on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment 19 in a newspaper's pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper's value to readers as a source of information 20 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.

1.A.Just when B.While C.Soon after D.Before

2.A.to give B.giving C.given D.being given

3.A.gather B.spread C.carry D.bring

4.A.reason B.cause C.problem D.purpose

5.A.make B.publish C.know D.write

6.A.another B.other C.one another D.the other

7.A.However B.And C.Therefore D.So

8.A.value B.ratio C.rate D.speed

9.A.spread B.passed C.printed https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba3572835.html,pleted

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba3572835.html,rm B.be informed C.to be informed https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba3572835.html,rmed

11.A.entertain B.encourage https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba3572835.html,cate D.edit

12.A.on B.through C.with D.of

13.A.forms B.existence C.contents D.purpose

14.A.tries to cover B.manages to cover C.fails to cover D.succeeds in

15.A.source B.origin C.course D.finance

16.A.way B.means C.chance D.success

17.A.measures B.measured C.Is measured D.was measured

18.A.somewhat B.little C.much D.something

19.A.offering B.offered C.which offered D.to be offered

20.A.by B.with C.at D.about

【答案】A

【解析】just在此为副词，意为“刚刚”，做状语。此句意为“一个事件刚刚发生，街上就有报纸报道详情了。说明报纸对新闻的反应之快。

2.来源：上考试大网校，考试轻松过关

【答案】A

【解析】to give和giving都合乎语法，但giving强调的是正在发生的动作，而此处重点表达的是“反应快”，不是正在做什么。

【答案】A

【解析】消息，信息要靠收集。

【答案】D

【解析】后面的不定式短语表示目的。

【答案】C

【解析】提供信息的目的是为了让他人知道，所以选C。

【答案】B

【解析】other意为“其他的”。此句意为：无线电，电报，电视，及其它发明，成为报纸的竞争对手。

7.【答案】A

【解析】根据句中的merely及其后所述内容，应选however，表转折。

【答案】D

【解析】使用更新，更快的通讯工具，目的是提高速度。

【答案】C

【解析】报纸是印出来的，先印后看(读)。

10.

【答案】D

【解析】keep sb.+过去分词是一种复合结构，sb.与过去分词为被动关系，意为保持这种关系的继续。此句的意思是：报纸不断地为读者提供新闻信息。

11.

【答案】C

【解析】关于politics之类的严肃话题,只能选educate。

12.

【答案】B

【解析】此句意为：报纸通过广告影响读者在经济生活中的选择。

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba3572835.html,考试就上考试大

【答案】B

【解析】大多数报纸依靠广告收入来维持生存，此现象人人皆知。

14.

【答案】C

【解析】报纸的售价之低，不足以抵付成本的一小部分。符合上下文关于广告收入的说法。

15.

【答案】A

【解析】收入来源应该用source。因为source指河流，泉水的发源地;常指抽象事物的根源或来源以及资料，信息的出处或来源。origin起源，起因。指事物后来发生,发展变化的最初起点,或指人的出身和血统。

16.

【答案】D

【解析】succeed in为固定短语。此句意为：广告业务的成功，取决于报纸在客户(要打广告的人)心中的价值。

17.

【答案】C

【解析】根据上下文，此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态，此句意为：报纸在客户心中的价值，是靠发行量衡量的。

18.

【答案】C

【解析】该句意为：发行量的大小，很大程度上取决于发行部门的工作及报纸所提供的服务功能和娱乐功能。

19.

【答案】B

【解析】offered作services和entertainment的定语。

20.

【答案】D

【解析】information后面接介词about，表示“关于”。

Most people would be (1) by the high quality of medicine available (2) to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of (3) to the individual, a (4) amount of advanced technical equipment, and (5) effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must (2) in the courts if they (7) things badly.

But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in (8) health care is organized and (9). (10) to public belief it is not just a free competition system. To the private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not (11) the less fortunate and the elderly.

But even with this huge public part of the system, (12) this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollars——more than 10 per cent of the U.S. Budget—large numbers of Americans are left (13). These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits (14) income fixed by a government trying to make savings where in can.

The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control (15) the health system. There is no (16) to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate person concerned can do is (17) up.

Twothirds of the population (18) covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want (19) that the insurance company will pay the bill.

The rising cost of medicine in the U.S.A. is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the country’s health bill climbed 15.9 per cent——about twice as fast as prices (20) general.

1. [A] compressed [B] impressed [C] obsessed [D]. repressed

2. [A] available [B] attainable [C] achievable [D]. amenable

3. [A] extension [B] retention [C] attention [D]. exertion

4. [A] countless [B] titanic [C] broad [D] vast

5. [A] intensive [B] absorbed [C] intense [D] concentrated

6. [A] run into [B] come into [C] face [D] defy

7. [A] treat [B] deal [C] maneuver [D] handle

8. [A] which [B] that [C] what [D] when

9. [A] to finance [B] financed [C] the finance [D] to be financed

10. [A] Contrary [B] Opposed [C] Averse [D] Objected

11. [A] looking for[B] looking into [C] looking after [D] looking over

12. [A] which [B] what [C] that [D] it

13. [A] over [B] out [C] off [D] away

14. [A] for [B] in [C] with [D] on

15. [A] over [B] on [C] under [D] behind

16. [A] boundary [B] restriction [C] confinement [D] limit

17. [A] to pay [B] paying [C] pay [D] to have paid

18. [A] is being [B] are [C] have been [D] is

19. [A] knowing [B] to know [C] they know [D] known

20. [A] in [B] with [C] on [D] for

1. [B]

解析：词义辨析题。各个选项的意思和辨析如下：

compress 挤压;压缩。压缩机就是compressor。近义词squeeze。

impress 影响;给某人以深刻印象。名词impression印象。形容词impressive给人深刻印象的，感人的，出色的。

obsess迷住，使困扰。例如He was obsessed with the idea. 她一心想着那个念头。

repress 压制(感情等);镇压。

2. [A]

解析：Something is available to someone：某人可以享受到……

例如：

Free education is available to all taxpayers.

所有纳税人都可以享受到免费教育。

available 可以获得的。现成的。

attainable 虽然和available意思相近，但是没有“现成的”之意。包含“需要努力才能得到的”意思。

achievable 的用法和attainable相近。也包含“需努力才能得到”的意思。

amenable 有责任的，需要负责的。应该服从的，有服从义务的。

例如，citizens amenable to the law，应该遵纪守法的公民。He was amenable to spending more time at home.他愿意在家多呆些时间。

3. [C]

解析：extension 延长，延续;推迟。

retention保留，保持，保持物

attention注意, 关心, 关注, 注意力

exertion 尽力, 努力, 发挥, 行使, 运用

4. [D]

V ast amount of：大量的。

countless无数的。通常用于可数名词。近义词myriad, many。

titanic 巨大的。常形容体积。近义词colossal

broad宽的，宽广的

vast的用途比较广泛。可以用来形容体积，数量，程度，及强度。近义词enormous。比如：vast amounts of investment巨额的投资

5. [C]

解析：intensive强烈的, 精深的, 透彻的。

Absorbed全神贯注的，一心一意的。

intense强烈的, 剧烈的, 热切的, 热情的, 激烈的

例如，the excitement was intense非常激动intense pain剧烈的疼痛;intense colors，鲜明

的颜色;intense effort巨大的努力;an intense student刻苦的学生

concentrated集中的，浓缩的。

6. [C]

解析：Must后面用动词原形。To face = to be faced with：面对。

7. [D]

解析：Handle = to deal with：处理。Treat: 给……治病，对待。Maneuver：有策略、有手腕地对待、处理。

8. [A]

解析：Which引导的定语从句修饰the way。这里in which完全可以省略掉，变成：the way health care is organized…再比如：the way he treated his wife：他对待他妻子的方式= the way in which he treated his wife。

9. [B]

解析：Finance在这里是动词。和organize是并列关系，用其过去分词。

10. [A]

解析：Contrary to…和……相反。

Opposed to 和……反对，敌对，作对。

Averse (常与to连用)嫌恶的

I am not averse to a dance party and a good meal afte r a week’s hard work.

我不反对一周紧张的工作后举办一次舞会,再美餐一顿。

The minister is averse to flattery.

部长不喜欢听恭维话。

Object 不及物动词。反对(某人或某事)。例如：

I object to all this noise.

我反对一切噪音。

However, others strongly object to developing private cars.

然而,另有一些人强烈反对发展私人小汽车。

He stood up and objected in strong language.

他站起来用强烈的语言表示反对。

11. [C]

解析：looking for 寻找

looking into 调查

looking after 照顾;照看

looking over 检查，察看

12. [A]

解析：Which引导一个非限定性定语从句，修饰名词this huge public part of the system。非限定性定语从句不能用that修饰。

13. [B]

解析：To leave someone/something out：省略，忽略，不考虑。

The entire Chapter II was left out in the second edition.

再版的时候整个的第二章都被删掉了。

To leave over：留下，剩下。

questions left over by history历史遗留下来的问题

14. [D]

解析：There’s no limit on…：……是没有限度的。

There’s no lim it on the potential of the human brain.

人大脑的潜力是无限的。

15. [A]

解析：和control搭配的介词是over。

16. [D]

解析：boundary界线;边界。例如，the boundaries of the country ，国界。界限;范围。例如：the boundaries of knowledge 知识范围。

Restriction限制。例如：restrictions for hunters对猎人实施的限制。a restriction against smoking in schools 禁止在学校吸烟。

confinement (被)限制, (被)禁闭, 产期, 分娩。近义词imprisonment

limit, restrict, confine这三个动词的一般含义为“限制”或“局限”。

limit 指时、空、程度、量等方面的“限定”，其内涵是如果超出了这种限度就会受罚或遭到令人不快的后果;此外，这个词也常用来表示“局限” This driver received a ticket because he failed to limit his speed while driving in heavy traffic.

那位司机收到了一个违章通知单，因为他在车辆多的地方没能限制开车速度。

I limited myself to two modest ambitions. to do physical exercises every morning and to read more of an evening.

我把自己的决心限制于两项小小的抱负：即每天早晨做体操，常在晚上多读一点书。

He seems to have only a limited intelligence.

似乎他的智力有限。We must limit our expense to what we can afford.

我们必须不使开支超出我们的支付能力

restrict 区别于limit 的地方在于，restrict“限制”的是范围，而limit 侧重于表示“限制”到某个点

In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the Press are rightly condemned.

在民主的国家里，限制新闻自由的任何努力都要受到公正的遣责。

The trees restrict our view.

这些树局限了我们的视野。

confine 具有limit 和restrict 两者的含义，但confine 的内涵是“约束”或“束缚”

He is confined to the house by illness.

他因病闭门不出。

The professor confined his remarks to scientific management.

那位教授把自己的讲话局限在科学管理方面。

limit 亦为名词。如：Didn’t you see the speed limit? confine 亦可用作名词

It did not, however, remain within the confines of his estate.

然而，这种疾病并未被局限在他的庄园范围之内。

17. [C]考试大，考试伴你同行

解析：省略to的不定式作表语。

As I had created the embarrassing situation, I knew the kindest thing I could do was walk away.

因为是我造成了那个尴尬的局面，我知道我所能做的最好的事就是远远走开。

18. [B]

解析：主语是复数名词，谓语动词应用复数形式。另外因为是一般事实，用一般现在时。

19. [A]

解析：knowing that…现在分词作状语。

20. [A]

解析：in general：总的来说

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If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or 1 in your work would depend, to 2 great extent, 3 your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. 4 the utmost importance is your attitude. A person 5 begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is 6 that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure 7 his belief that he is probably as capable 8 doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt 9 it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well。

10 the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A bookkeeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw 11 hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize 12 the strength and overcome the 13 that you bring to the job of learning. But in groups to measure your development, you must first 14 stock of somewhere you stand now. 15 we get further along in the book, we'll be 16 in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 17 skills. However, 18 begin with, you should pause 19 examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your 20 , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.

1.A.improvement B.victory C.failure D.achievement

2.A.a B.the C.some D.certain

3.A.in B.on C.of D.to

4.A.Out of B.Of C.To D.Into

5.A.who B.what C.that D.which

6.A.ensure B.certain C.sure D.surely

7.A.onto B.on C.off D.in

8.A.to B.at C.of D.for

9.A.near B.on C.by D.at

10.A.Have B.Had C.Having D.Had been

11.A.being B.been C.are D.is

12.A.except B.but C.for D.on

13.A.idea B.weakness C.strength D.advantage

14.A.make B.take C.do D.give

15.A.as B.till C.over D.out

16.A.deal B.dealt C.be dealt D.dealing

17.A.learnt B.learned C.learning D.learn

18.A.around B.to C.from D.beside

19.A.to B.onto C.into D.with

20.A.intelligence B.work C.attitude D.weakness

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答案与解析

1.【答案】C

【解析】本句的意思是：“成功或失败在很大程度上取决

于你是否能扬长避短。”improvement改进;victory胜利;achievement成果，成就。这三个词都不合题意，只有C.failure“失败”最合适。

2.【答案】A

【解析】to a great extent是固定短语，意思是“很大程度上”，符合题意。类似的说法还有：to a large extent,to some extent, to an extent, to a certain extent, to that extent, to the extent of…。the, some, certain都不能与great extent搭配。

3.【答案】B

【解析】on与前面的depend构成本句谓语。

4.【答案】B

【解析】of与名词连用,表示具有某种性质,状态，做表语。置于句首，表示强调。正常语序为：Your attitude is of the utmost importance.

5.【答案】A

【解析】A person后应当是定语从句,“开始工作的那个人”。

6.【答案】C

【解析】本句的意思是“如果一个刚刚开始工作的人就深信自己不会喜欢或肯定不适应这项工作，那么阻碍他成功的缺点就暴露出来了。”or后面省略了主语he。ensure保证;certain 肯定的(只能用于It做主语的句子里);surely确实地;sure肯定的。

7.【答案】D

【解析】in one's belief相信。其它选项都不能与belief搭配。

8.【答案】C

【解析】capable of doing是固定搭配，意为“能够干什么”。

9.【答案】D

【解析】attempt用做名词，后接介词at，意为“试图，努力”;如果后面接介词on，表示攻击的意思。其他两项都不能与attempt搭配。

10.【答案】C

【解析】本句的意思是“具有某一工作的必要技能是一个优势”此处应填句子的主语，故选动名词having。

11.【答案】D

【解析】本句主语是A book keeper or carpenter…。根据主谓一致原则，其谓语应当用单数is，而不是复数are。being, been都是分词，应该排除。

12.【答案】D

【解析】on与前面的capitalize搭配，表示“利用”。做不定式help的补语。其它选项不能与capitalize搭配。

13.【答案】B

【解析】本句的意思是“克服缺点”,应选weakness(缺点，弱点)。idea观点;strength优点;advantage优势。

14.【答案】B

【解析】固定短语take stock of，意为“对……估价，对……作出判断”。

15.【答案】A

【解析】本句的意思是：“随着更深入的阅读”，从语法角度，此处应填关联词。四个选项中，只有as能用做关联词。

16.【答案】D

【解析】选项A, B, C分别是deal(处理，论述，涉及)的原形，过去分词及被动语态。根据语法和语义，此处应填将来进行时，意思是“随着书中内容的进一步深入，我们将详细论述发展和加强学习技能的具体过程。”

17.【答案】C

【解析】根据上下文，这里应当指“学习技能”。

18.【答案】B

【解析】固定短语to begin with，意为“首先，第一”，常用做插入语。

19.【答案】A

【解析】谓语动词pause后，examine又是动词原形，所以这里应当选to，可构成动词不定式，做目的状语。其余选项都是介词，不合题意。

20.【答案】C

【解析】本句对全文进行总结概括，与文章的开头相呼应，Of the utmost importance is your attitude故选attitude。

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The mass media is a big part of our culture, yet it can also be a helper, adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a(an) 1 for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way, it 2 a variety of functions in human life.

The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the 3 of leisure: there is less time for games, amusement and rest. 4 by what is happening on the screen, children not only imitate what they see but directly 5 themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the 6 of violence in the media and its 7 harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period, new media 8 , such as video games, cable television, music videos, and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity, these media, 9 television, 10 public concern and research attention.

Another large societal concern on our young generation 11 by the media, is body image. 12 forces can influence body image positively or negatively. 13 one, societal and cultural norms and mass media marketing 14 our concepts of beauty. In the mass media, the images of 15 beauty fill magazines and newspapers, 16 from our televisions and entertain us 17 the movies. Even in advertising, the mass media 18 on accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are presented with a 19 defined standard of attractiveness, a(n) 20 that carries unrealistic physical expectations.

1.[A]alternative [B]preference[C]substitute [D]representative

2.[A]accomplishes[B]fulfills [C]provides [D]suffices

3.[A]risk [B]mercy [C]height [D]expense

4.[A]Absorbed [B]Attracted [C]Aroused [D]Addicted

5.[A]identify [B]recognize [C]unify [D]equate

6.[A]abundance [B]incidence [C]prevalence[D]recurrence

7.[A]disposed [B]hidden [C]implicit [D]potential

8.[A]merged [B]emerged [C]immerged [D]submerged

9.[A]apart from [B]much as [C]but for [D]along with

10.[A]promote [B]propel [C]prompt [D]prosper

11.[A]inspired [B]imposed [C]delivered [D]contributed

12.[A]External [B]Exterior [C]Explicit [D]Exposed

13.[A]As [B]At [C]For [D]In

14.[A]mark [B]effect [C]impact [D]shock

15.[A]generalized[B]regularized[C]standardized[D]categorized

16.[A]boom [B]bottom [C]brim [D]beam

17.[A]over [B]with [C]on [D]at

18.[A]play [B]take [C]profit [D]resort

19.[A]barely [B]carefully [C]narrowly [D]subjectively

20.[A]ideal [B]image [C]stereotype [D]criterion

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第一段指出，大众媒体可以替代社会机构和社会交往在年轻人的生活中起着各种各样的作用。第二段指出，由于青少年模仿他们在电视中看到的乃至将其与现实相混淆，人们一直担忧媒体对他们可能产生危害。第三段讲媒体对美的狭隘界定对青少年的不良影响。

1.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。空格所在部分填入一个名词，表示"大众媒体作为许多机构和社会交往的……而影响年轻人的生活"。substitute作名词时意为"代替物，代替者"，常和介词for搭配，本句意为"大众媒体可以代替机构和社会交往"。alternative作名词时意为"可供选择的办法或事物"。preference和介词for搭配，指"对……的偏爱，爱好"，将它放入文中显然不符逻辑。representative一般指人，即被选举或委派代表某人或某团体的人，如representative of the UN/the youth of her generation(联合国代表/一代年轻人的典型代表)。因此

[C]项正确。

2.【解析】[B] 语义衔接题。从四个选项来看，能够和后面的宾语functions搭配且符合上下文语义的动词只有fulfill，意为"起……作用"，放入文中指"大众媒体在人们生活中起到了各种各样的作用"。accomplish意为"完成，实现，达到"，后面一般接"计划、任务、目的",如accomplish the plan/mission/object等，不和functions搭配。provide与function搭配，指"提供功能"，但根据上文可知，大众媒体对影响年轻人的生活，是"发挥功能作用"，而非"提供功能"。suffice指"足够，足以"，为不及物动词。

3.【解析】[D] 惯用衔接题。试题所在句子的后半部分指出there is less time for games(用于游戏的时间减少了)，这句话是对本题所在句子The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the of leisure的补充和说明。对比四个选项，expense为正确答案。空格处的名词构成的短语是at the …of…。四个选项都符合要求，分别是：at the risk of(冒……的危险);at the mercy of(受……支配);at the height(在……的最盛时，在……的高潮中);at the expense of(以……为代价)。空格所在句子表示的含义为"在电视屏幕前耗费的时间常常是以休闲为代价的"。

4.【解析】[B] 语义衔接题。空格部分是过去分词结构作状语，表示"被屏幕上呈现的东西所……孩子们模仿他们所看到的"。因此空格处填入的分词要和后面的介词by搭配，而且要符合上下文意。attract常和介词by搭配，意为"被……吸引，对……感兴趣"。在文中意为"由于被电视屏幕上的东西吸引"，符合本题所在句子的句意和语法要求。absorb常与介词in搭配，表示"注意力集中于，被……吸引";arouse意为"使行动起来，激发";addict动词，意为"使入迷，使成瘾"，和介词to搭配。因此[B]项正确。

5.【解析】[A] 语义衔接题。空格处填入的动词构成的搭配是…oneself with…，表示"孩子们直接将自己和(电视中的)不同人物……"。identify sb. with sth.表示"把某人视为"，文中表示的含义是：孩子们直接将自己视为电视中的各种不同的人物。recognize的搭配是recognize sb. as sth.(认可，接受某人为……)。unify是及物动词，意为"统一，使一元化"。equate 的搭配只能是equate sth. with sth.(使等同)。因此，选项[A]是正确答案。

6.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。空格处填入的名词说明"暴力"的特点。abundance是褒义词，指"大量，丰富，充裕"，它不和violence搭配。incidence指"发生率，影响范围或程度"，是中性词，常常由形容词修饰后表示褒贬，如an area with a high incidence of crime(犯罪率高的地区)。prevalence指"普遍，盛行"，放入文中指"媒体里暴力的普及"。recurrence表示"重现，

复发"。由上下文可知，美国人应担忧媒体中暴力的"普及"，而非"发生率"或"重现"。

7.【解析】[D] 语义衔接题。disposed只作表语，意为"倾向于，有意于"。hidden意为"隐藏的;神秘的"，强调不外露，不明显，如hidden illness(隐疾)，hidden treasure(秘藏的财宝)。implicit指"(语言上)含蓄的，不直接言明的"。potential意为"潜在的，可能的"，指将来可能形成的。由上下文中的concern about和for at least forty years可知，人们担忧的是一种潜在的危害。因此，potential为正确答案。

8.【解析】[B] 语义衔接题。试题所在句子的前后文形成了例证关系。

再从语义上来看，media的修饰词是new，因此要填入的单词应当表达"出现"的含义，对比四个选项，emerge(出现)是正确答案。merge意为"结合，融合";immerge意为"浸入";submerge意为"淹没，完全掩盖"。

9.【解析】[D] 逻辑衔接题。空格上文指的是these media "这些(新的)媒体"，空格后是television "(旧的媒体)电视"，前后是并列关系，由于文中对两者是同等的强调，并没有突出新旧媒体的不同，因此应选along with，表示"这些媒体连同电视一起"。apart from表示"除……之外"。much as意为"尽管"，一般引导让步句子。but for意为"要不是"，多用虚拟语气。along with表示"连同……一起, 随同……一起"。

10.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。空格处填入的动词的主语是these media，宾语是public concern and research attention。四个选项中，prompt指cause sth. to happen(促使，导致，激起)。放入文中表示"这些媒体引起了公众的担忧和研究的注意"，符合文意。promote指help sth. to happen or develop(促进，推动)。显然不能说"媒体促进了公众的关注"。propel本义指push sth. forward or in a particular direction(推进)，用于抽象含义时只能是propel sb. into sth.，表示"驱使某人进入一种状态"，如Fury propelled her into action(怒火驱使她行动起来)。prosper意为"(使)繁荣，昌盛"。

11.【解析】[B] 语义衔接题。空格所在部分中的核心名词是societal concern，其后是较长的后置定语on our young generation by the media。空格处填入的过去分词表被动，其主语是the media，宾语是societal concern。因此，关键要辨析选项中的动词的用法，它应该可以用于the media …another large societal concern on our young generation这个句子中。符合要求的只有[B]，impose sth. on/upon sb./sth.表示"迫使，把……强加于"。将impose代入文中，指"媒体使年轻一代受到的另一方面的社会关注是身体形象"。inspire直接接sth.的搭配是inspire sth. in sb."鼓舞，激励，激起(错觉或情感)"。deliver的搭配是deliver sth. to sb./sth.(递送，交付)。contribute作及物动词时的搭配是contribute sth. to sth.(增加，增进)。

12.【解析】[A] 语义衔接题。external意为"外界的，外来的"，指与其他物体分离或没有关系的外部，不涉及内容，如a combination of internal and external factors(内外因结合)。exterior意为"外部的，外表的，外面的"，强调位于事物的外表以上，但仍是该事物的一部分，如exterior walls/surfaces(外墙，外层表面)。explicit意为"清楚明白的，直截了当的"。exposed 常用来修饰"地方或人"，意为"无遮蔽的，无保护的"。因此能和forces搭配的是external，指"外部力量"。

13.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。试题的前后文形成了例证关系，上文提到，外部力量影响身体形象;空格下文则具体解释说明，社会文化标准和大众媒介的营销对我们美的观念有影响。因此下文是对上文的具体举例说明。选项中的介词和one都可以构成固定搭配。as one 表示"一致，一齐"。at one(with sb./sth.)表示"完全一致，是……的一部分"。for one表示"作为其中一个，举例来说"。in one表示"集于一身(或一体);多功能，多用途"。因此表达这种逻辑关系的是for one。

14.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。mark作及物动词时表示"表明，是……的迹象/征兆"。effect 作动词指make sth. happen"使发生，实现，引起"，如effect a cure/change/recovery(产生疗效/

引起变化/实现复苏)。impact可作及物动词，表示"对……有影响，有作用;冲击"。shock作动词时接人作宾语，表示"使(某人)震惊/气愤/厌恶"。由下文可知，文章主要论述了媒体中"以瘦为美"的宣传影响着青少年的审美价值观。因此，本题应选择impact，表示"社会文化标准和大众媒体的营销冲击着我们关于美的观念"。

15.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。standardized指having the same features or qualities，made standard(标准的，定型的)，它用在文中指"标准的美女"。generalized指not detailed, not limited to one particular area(笼统的，普遍的，概括性的)。regularized指made legal or official(合法化的，正式存在的)。categorized指put into groups(分类的，归类的)。

16.【解析】[D] 语义衔接题。空格处填入的动词的主语是the images，状语是from our televisions。四个选项都可以充当动词。beam表示"发射电波，播送"。放入文中表示"标准美女的形象从电视中播放出来"，是正确答案。boom表示"迅速发展，繁荣昌盛"。bottom表示"达到底部，降到最低点"。brim指"(使)满，盛满"。

17.【解析】[D] 结构衔接题。the movies相当于cinema(电影院)。用在地点、地名前，at可以表示抽象概念，如at the movies意为"在看电影";over表示"在……之上，通过"，和movies不搭配。on表示"通过，使用，借助于"。with表示方法、手段，entertain sb. with sth.是常用搭配，表示"用……娱乐"。文中entertain表示的动作的主语是the images，表示的含义是"标准的美女形象娱乐着我们"，因此不能选with，而应选at，即"在看电影时(其中的)标准的美女形象娱乐着我们"。

18.【解析】[A] 语义衔接题。空格处填入的动词应和介词on搭配，符合上下文意。play on/upon sth.表示"利用(感情等)"，如Advertisements often play on people's fears(广告常利用人们的恐惧心理)。文中表示的含义是"在广告中，大众媒介利用公认的瘦和健康的文化价值来赢得商业利润"。take on sth.表示"呈现，具有(特征、外观等);承担，同意负责"。profit和介词by/from搭配，表示"获益，得到好处"。resort和介词to搭配，表示"求助于，依靠，诉诸"，如resort to force(诉诸武力)。

19.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。空格处的副词和分词defined一起修饰名词短语standard of attractiveness(吸引力的标准)。barely意为in a way that is just possible but only with difficulty(仅仅，勉强能;几乎不，几乎没有)，和defined搭配表示"几乎无法界定的"。carefully意为"仔细地，谨慎地"，和defined搭配意为"仔细地定义/确定"。narrowly可指in a way that is limited(狭隘地，严格地)。subjectively意为"主观地"。由上文可知，"吸引力的标准"指的是"以瘦为美"，强调其标准的狭隘，因此应选narrowly。

20.【解析】[A] 语义衔接题。空格处填入的名词是a narrowly defined standard of attractive 的同位语;空格后that引导的定语从句对该词进行了解释说明，即"包含着对外形的不切实际的期望"。ideal作名词时可指an idea or standard that seems perfect, and worth trying to achieve or obtain(理想，看似完美的思想和标准)，符合文意需要，即狭隘的"美"的标准是不切实际的，是一种难以达到的完美标准。image指"形象，印象";stereotype指"模式化观念或形象";criterion指"(评判或作决定的)标准，准则，原则"。

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When women do become managers, do they bring a different style and different skills to the job? Are they better, or worse, managers than men? Are women more highly motivated and __1__ than male managers?

Some research __2__ the idea that women bring different attitudes and skills to management jobs, such as greater __3__, an emphasis on affiliation and attachment, and a __4__ to bring emotional factors to bear __5__ making workplace decisions. These differences are __6_ to carry advantages for companies, __7__ they expand the range of techniques that can be used to __8__ the company manage its workforce __9__.

A study commissioned by the International Women's Forum __10__ a management style used by some women managers (and also by some men) that __11__ from the command-and-control style __12__ used by male managers. Using this "interactive leadership" approach, "women __13__ participation, share power and information, __14__ other people's self-worth, and get others excited about their work. All these __15__ reflect their belief that allowing __16__ to contribute and to feel __17__ and important is a win-win __18__-good for the employees and the organization." The study's director __19__ that "interactive leadership may emerge __20__ the management style of choice for many organizations."

1. A) confronted B) commanded C) confined D) committed

2. A) supports B) argues C) opposes D) despises

3. A) combination B) cooperativeness C) coherence D) correlation

4. A) willingness B) loyalty C) sensitivity D) virtue

5. A) by B) in C) at D) with

6. A) disclosed B) watched C) revised D) seen

7. A) therefore B) whereas C) because D) nonetheless

8. A) help B) enable C) support D) direct

9. A) evidently B) precisely C) aggressively D) effectively

10. A) developed B) invented C) discovered D) located

11. A) derives B) differs C) descends D) detaches

12. A) inherently B) traditionally C) conditionally D) occasionally

13. A) encourage B) dismiss C) disapprove D) engage

14. A) enhance B) enlarge C) ignore D) degrade

15. A) themes B) subjects C) researches D) things

16. A) managers B) women C) employees D) males

17. A) faithful B) powerful C) skillful D) thoughtful

18. A) situation B) status C) circumstance D) position

19. A) predicted B) proclaimed C) defied D) diagnosed

20. A) into B) from C) as D) for

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