高中英语动词短语分类

高中英语动词短语分类

一与介词搭配

1.动词+介词

account for 说明;证明

act/serve/work as 担任;充当

act for 代理

act on 奉行/影响/裁决/作用于…

add to 增加;扩大

agree on 对…取得一致意见

agree to 答应/接受…

agree with 与…一致;同意/适应于…

aim at 瞄准/想要…

aim for 以…为目的

allow of 有…的可能

answer for 担保/清算…;对…负责

arrive at/in 到达

ask for 请求要/访问…

attend on/upon 伺候

attend to 参加/照料/注意/处理…

begin/start as 起初是…

begin on 着手进行…

begin with 从/以…开始

believe in 信任/信赖/信仰

belong in/on/under 在…中/上面/下面有适当位臵belong to 属于…

break/burst into 闯入;突发

break through 冲破

call at 短暂访问/停靠(某地)

call for 要求/需要…

call on 看望;号召(某人)

care about 对…关心/感兴趣

care for 对…关心/喜欢/尊重/想要;照料

catch at 去接/抓…

change for 转车去…处;与(某物)交换

change/turn into 变成(=become)

come across 走过…来;偶然碰到/找到

come at 达到/了解/攻击…

come from 来自/出身于…

come into 进入;开始;得到;继承

come to (oneself) 苏醒(=come back to life) come upon 偶然碰到/攻袭/发生/出现于concern about 关心…

connect with 连系/衔接…

consist of 由…组成

count on 信赖/指望…

date from 始于…

deal in 经营/从事…

deal with 涉及/处理/应付…;与…打交道/做生意depend on 依赖/依靠…

die for 为…而死;渴望

die from/of 死于…

dive for 冲向…

dive into 潜入(水中)

declare against/for 声明反对/赞成…

do for 适用于/替代/毁掉…

do with 容忍/需要…;与…相处

dream of 梦到/向往/策划…

drop by 便中访问…

engage in 从事/参加……

feed on 以…为(主)食/维持生活

feel like 如同/想要…

finish with 完成;与…绝交

fit into适合于…

fly at 扑向…

fly into 突然爆发

fool with 胡弄;玩弄

gasp at 因…倒抽一口冷气

get into 进入

get off 从(车、船等)下来

get on 上(车、船等)

glare at 怒目注视

go over 复习/过一遍…

go through 通过

hear from 收到…的信

hear of/about 听说;因…受责备

insist on 坚持要/坚决主张…

join in 加入/一起(做…事)

jump at/on 跃/扑向…;欣然接受…;匆匆作出(结论) jump into 跳入/踊跃投入…

keep to 不离开/坚守/遵行…

knock about 漫游…

knock at/on 敲(门、窗等)

knock against 偶然遇到(某人)

knock into 撞到…上

laugh at 嘲笑…;因…而笑

lay for 埋伏等待…

lay into 猛攻/痛击…

lead to/into 通向/导致…

learn about/of 获悉/听说…

learn from 向…学习;从…中吸取教训

leave for 动身去…处

lie in 在于…

listen for 注意想要听到…

listen to 听/倾听…

live by 靠…过活;住在…附近

live on 以…为主食;靠…生活

long for 渴望…

look at 看…

look for 寻找…

look into 朝…里看;浏览/查阅/调查/顺便进入访看…

look like 看起来像…

look through 通看/复看/浏览/查看…

look to 注意/照顾/依靠/朝向…

make at 扑向/攻击…

make for 走向/扑向/导致…

manage with 驾驭…;用…来对付过去

manage without 没…而能对付过去

meet with (偶尔)遇到;符合

operate on 给…作手术

pay for 为…付款/受罚

play with 以…玩耍/消遣;和…开玩笑

point to/at 指向/指着…

prepare for 为…作准备

quarrel about (sth.) with (sb.) 为(某事)而与(某人)争吵refer to 指/谈到/参阅…

rely on 依靠…

result from 由…引起

result in 终至…的结果

run across 穿过/偶然发现…

run after 追捕/追随/伺候…

run at 向…冲去/突袭

run for 匆忙来/去拿…;竞选(公职)

run into 跑进…;与…相撞/相连接;延续到/共计达…

run to 跑向/求助于…;共达/值…;有(做…的)能力;有产生…的倾向rush at 冲向/猛攻/匆忙处理…

search for 搜寻

see about 照料/探寻/考虑…

see after 照顾/照看…

see to 照料/修理/注意…

seek after/to 寻求

set about 着手/开始/攻击/散布

send for 派人请…

share in 分享

shoot at 朝…射击

shout at 冲…吼叫/叫嚷

shout to 朝…喊

sit for 参加(考试);代表…当议员

stand by 与…站在一起

stand for 代表…

stare at 盯着看…

step on 踩在…上;用力踩…(加油门)

stick to 粘住/坚持…

struggle against 与…斗争

struggle for 为…而斗争

succeed in 在…获得成功

suffer from 受…之苦;患…(病)

speak about/of 谈及

speak against/for 发言反对/为…辩护

talk about/of 谈到…

talk with/to 与…交谈

think about 考虑/想起/回想…

think of 考虑/想起/记得/想出/认为/设想/想要turn against 背叛…

turn towards 朝向/倾向于…

twist around 缠绕/摆布…

urge against 极为反对…

wait for 等待

wait on 伺候

win over 战胜/说服…

wish for 想得到/渴望…

work at 从事/致力于/学习…

work on 从事/忙于/影响/安装好…

work to 根据…行事

work towards 设法达到/获得…

worry about 为…担心

write to 给…写信

2.动词+介词+名词

arrive at(come to) a conclusion 得出结论come into being/existence 出现/成立/产生come into effect/force 生效

come into operation 开始运行/生效

come into use/service 开始被使用

come into office/power 上任,执政

come into leaf 开始长叶

come into one's own 得到重视;被人认识come into play 行动起来

come to an end 结束

come to the point 说到要点

come to school 到校

come to a stop 停了下来

go on strike 举行罢工

go to bed 去睡觉

go to the cinema 去电影院/去看电影

go to college 去上dxue

go to the concert 去听音乐会

go to the meeting 去开会

get in sb.'s way 挡了某人的去路

3.动词+介词+名词+介词+…

get in touch/contact with 与…取得联系

get out of touch/contact with 与…脱离联系keep in touch/contact with 与…保持联系look on/upon A as B 把A看作B

think of A as B 把A看作B

put to use of 使用/利用…

4.动词+…+介词+…

add A to B 把A加入B中

ask sb. for sth. 向某人请求要某物

base A on B 把A基于B之上bring…into pravtice/operation 执行…bring…into effect 使…生效

change A into… 把A变成…

compare A with B 把A与B比较compare A to B 把A比作B

connect A with B 把A与B联系起来devote A to B 把A贡献于B

divide A into B 把A分成B份

fill A with B 用B装满A(容器)

help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事

join sb. in (ding) sth. 与某人一道做某事keep A out of B 不让A进入B处keep…under control 控制住…

keep…in mind 把…记在心里

know…by heart 记忆

lead A to B 把A带到B处

lead sb. in doing sth. 带领某人作某事learn…by heart 记/背诵…

leave A for B 离开A处动身去B处

leave sth. to/with/for sb. 把某事物留给某人make oneself at home 不拘束

make A of/from B 用B制成A

make A into B 把A制成B

prevent/stop A (from) doing sth. 阻止A做某事(=keep A from doing sth.)

put A into B 把A输入B

regard A as B 把A看作B

separate A from B 把A从B处分开

take A as B 把A当作B

take A for B 把A错当作B

take sth. for granted 把某事看作理所当然

translate A into B 把A(作品)译成B(语言)

5.动词+名(代)词+介词+…

catch/get/take hold of 抓住…

catch sight of 看到…

devote oneself to 献身于/致力于…

enter (sb.) for (替某人)报名参加…

fix one's eyes on/upon 注视/盯着…

give a lesson to 给…上课

give one's life for 为…牺牲

give (up) oneself/one's life for 为…献身;致力于/沉溺于…have nothing to do with 与…无关

have trouble/difficulty (in) (doing sth.) (做某事)费力/有困难have a word with 与…谈谈

have a few words with 与…说几句话

have words with 与…吵嘴/发生口角

have oneself to 随便用/吃…

keep pace with 跟上…

make the best of 充分利用…

make friends with 与…交朋友

make fun of 取笑…

make room for 为…腾出地方

make a sentence with 用…造句

make use of 利用/借用…

pay attention to 注意…

put one's heart into 全神贯注于…

say hello/goodbye/sorry/yes/no to 向…问候/道别/道歉/答应、赞同/拒绝、反对

set fire to 点燃/放火烧…

shake hands with 与…握手

show sb. around 带某人参观…

take care of 负责;照顾/照料;揍、杀

take a message for 给…捎个信儿

take (an active) part in (积极)参加…

take the place of 替代/接替…

take pride in 以…自豪/骄傲(=be proud of)

take the side of 支持…的一方

二与副词搭配

(注:带*号者表示可作"动词+介词"结构用,后接宾语。)

1.动词+副词(不接宾语)

break in* 闯入

come about 发生

come along* (沿…)过来;向前

come back 回来

come down* (沿…)下来

come in* 进(入…)来;到达;流行;就任

come up* (沿…)过来;上前,长出,被提出,发生

cut in 插嘴

die away 衰减;昏厥

die down 变弱,渐息;停止

die out 死尽/绝

drop down* (沿…)下行;落

fall back 返回,撤退,食言

fall/lay behind 落后

get off/on* 下/上车

get here/there/home 到达这里/那里/家里get together 相聚

give in 屈服,让步

go by* 经过(…);过去

go down* (沿…)走去;下去,下沉

go home 回家

go out 出去,熄灭,罢工,下台

grow up 成长,长大

hurry up 赶快

lie down 躺着/下,屈服

pass by* 经过(…);过去

pass through* 穿过(…);经历…

rise up 起义,起来(反抗)

roll over* (沿…)翻滚

rot away 烂掉

run away 逃跑

sit out 坐在外边;不参与

stand by* 站在(…)旁边

stand down 离开,退出

turn around 转身/反转/倒转

2.动词+副词(带宾语)

bring about 导致/产生…

build up 逐步建立/增强/激励…

call off 叫走/取消/读出

call up 打电话给/召集/叫醒…

carry out 开展/执行/完成…

cut down 砍倒/缩减…

cut out 去掉/计划…

do up 修缮/收拾/梳理/使完蛋

eat up 吃光/毁坏/全盘接受…

find out 弄清/查出;使…受惩罚

gain on/upon 赶上/巴结上/侵蚀…

hand in 呈交

hand on (to) 传递…(给)

hand out 分发,取出

knock out 击(昏)倒,去掉,使震惊,粗率做成lay aside 旁臵/积蓄/取掉…

lay down 放下/交出/制作…

leave behind 遗留/超过…

let in 放进/嵌入/弄窄…

make out 写出/认出/想出/计划/论证…pay back 付还/回报/报复…

pick out 选出/辨别/衬托…

point out 指出/指明…

pull down 拉下/拆除/打到/得到/削弱…push aside 避免/排开/排除…

put away 收存/放弃/杀死/埋…

put off 推迟/除去/关掉/放下…

put on 放上/穿戴/假装/扮演/增加

put up 举起/张贴/建起/举行/提高…/使…往下see off 给…送行,赶走…

send out 分发/发出/长出/派出…

send up 送上/发射/毁坏/判刑

set about 着手/试图/攻击/散布

show out/in 把…领进/领出

smooth away 克服/清除…

take away 拿走/消除/减损…

take back 拿回/收回/使记起

take down 取下/写下/拆掉/压下…

think over 仔细考虑…

throw away 扔掉/乱花/轻轻带过…

try on 试穿/耍弄…

use out 用完/用坏…

use up 用完/耗尽…

wipe away 擦掉/消除…

wipe out 擦净/消除/消灭…

3.动词+副词(可带宾语也可不带宾语)

act out 把…付诸行动;表演(…)

answer back 反驳;顶/回(…)嘴

break down 拆开/压倒/摧毁…;坏掉;停下blow away 驱散…;(被)吹走

blow out 吹出…;被吹出/吹熄;爆掉

break off 折断/中断…;停止

break out 敲碎取出/说出…;爆发,发生,逃走bring up 取出/培养…;停下

burn up 烧光/烧尽…;烧起来

call up 召唤…;大声呼喊

carry on 继续/执行…;发怒;胡闹

cut off 砍掉/切断…;跑掉

cut up 伤害/攻击…;(可被)切碎

draw out 拉出/取出…;充分发挥

draw up 提起/起草…;停住

drive off 赶走…;驶离

drop in 把…投进去;便中访问;坍塌下

dry up (使…)干透;住口

end up 结束(…)

fight back 抵抗/忍住…

fill in 填满…;顶替,淤塞

fill out 填好/胀满…;便胖,鼓起

fit in 嵌入…;相适合

get away 移走…;出发/开始/逃走

get back 取回…;回来

get on* 登上/穿上/安上…;(使…)进展/继续get out 取出…;出来

get through* 通过/完成/接通…;辞职

get up (使…)起床/登上…,搬上

give out 分发…;被耗尽/垮掉

go on 继续(…);穿得上

go over 检查/重温…;横过/变换/被接受help out 帮助…脱出困境;协助/帮忙

hold back 阻止…;退缩

hold up 举起/停止…;不屈服

join up 连接…;参军

jump off 跳离(…)

keep back 阻止/隐瞒…;不上前

keep off 挡开;(使…)离开

keep out 保留…;不让…进入;不介入

kick off 踢掉…;开球

knock down 击倒/拆掉/降低…;平静下来

leave off 停止(…)

leave out 略去/漏掉;留在外面,离开,工作日结束let out 放出/泄漏…;散场

line up 把…排成队,弄倒,排成队

look in 朝(…)里看;访问,看电视

look up 查阅/寻找…;向上看,振作,上涨

make up 编造/组成/弥补…;聚拢,和好

move in 把…搬进;占据某处

move on 升迁/推出…;出发,继续/向前移动move up 提升…;上升,向前移动

pay off 还清…;获利/损失

pick up 捡起…;好转

pull on 穿戴…;继续划船

push on 促进…;前进

put down 放下/写下/镇压…;(使)降落

put out 拿出/熄灭…;出航

sell out/up 售完(…);背叛

set in 嵌入…;降临

set off 发射/衬托…;出发

set out 开始/安排…;出发.动身

settle down 使…平静;定居,停落,成家

sit down (使)坐下

sit out 不参加…;坐到(…)结束;坐在户外

sit up (使)坐端,熬夜

shut off 隔离…;中断(…)

shut up 关;住口;禁闭

smooth down (使)平整/平静下来

speak out 讲出(…)

stand up (使)站起,经得起

take in 收进/收紧/理解;开学

take off 取下/脱去…;起飞

take on 呈现/接纳…;激动,流行

take out 取出/除去/抵偿;出发

take up 拿起/开始/占用/接纳/责备;开学,缩小throw off 扔掉/脱掉/放出…;开始,出发

turn about* 反复思考…;回转;以…为中心turn around 转身,倒转

turn back 阻挡;返回

turn on/off 开/关

turn out 产生/结果是/关掉…;出来,外翻

turn over 翻转/移交/仔细考虑…;发动,欲吐turn up 翻起/找到…;出现,发生

wake up (使…)醒来

warm up (给…)加热;暖和起来

wash away 冲掉…;不断地洗

wash up 洗(去)…;把…冲上岸;结束

wear out 使…精疲力尽;(被)穿坏

wipe off* (被)擦去

work on* 忙于/作用于/安装…;继续工作work out 计算出/制订…,解决

write down 写下…;降低(…)

4.动词+副词+介词+…

add up to 总计达/意味着…

answer up to 对…作出反应

beat down on 火辣辣地照晒

break away from 从…脱离;打破…

bow down to 顺从/屈服于/崇拜…

catch up with 赶上…

come up to 到…跟前,达到/符合…

come up with 赶上/胜过,提供…

date back to 始于/追溯到…

do away with 废除/杀掉…

do well in 在…方面干/学得好

drop in on 顺便看望(某人)

drop in at 顺便去(某处)看看

face up to 正视/勇敢面对…

fall back on 撤退到/重提…;求助于…

fall behind with 拖欠…

fall down on 不能完成…

fall in upon 偶然遇到/顺便访问…

fall in with 偶遇/同意/符合…

fit in with 适应/符合…

finish up with 以…结束

get along/on with 进行/进展…;与…相处

get away from 从…逃离

get away with 假造/偷走/耗掉…;做…而逃脱应受的责罚get back to 回到/继续…

get down to 认真着手进行…

get out of 逃出/越出/摆脱…;从…下来/出来

get rid of 除掉/去掉…

get through with 完成/熬过…

get up to 赶上/达到/乱整…

go in for 爱好/从事/习惯于…

go on with 继续…;用…暂时应付

go out for 尽力争取…

go through with 把…完成/坚持到底

hold on to 紧紧抓住/克制…

hold up with 跟上…

hold up on 推迟/拖延…

keep in with 与…搞好关系

keep up with跟上/熟悉…;与…保持接触

lead on/up to 通向/导致/引入/表明…

listen in to 收听…

look down on/upon 轻视/看不起…

look forward to 盼望/预期…

look out for 照料/提防/搜寻…

look up to 尊敬/赞美…

make up for 弥补…

match up to 比得上/对付得了…

move in to 移近/控制/占有…

pull in with 与…一致行动

put up with 忍受/容忍…

run down to 延伸到…

run out of 从…出来;用完…

run over with 充满…

send away for 函索…

sit down under 忍受…

sit in on 被请/列席参加…

stand out for 坚决要求…

stand up to 抗拒/经得起…

stop away from 不在/不出席

take away from 减损/贬低…

take off from 从…分开/岔开/取下

take up for 支持/维护

take up with 赞同/结交/开始专心于…

try out for 参加为…的选拔/竞争

wake up to 意识到…

walk away from 轻易击败…;从…中安然脱身warm up to 对…热心起来

work hard at 努力学校/干…

work in with 与…协调一致

work round/around to 逐步处理/移向…work up to 逐步发展到…

write back to 给…回信

三与名词搭配

1.动词+名词

beg sb.'s pardon 请某人谅解/再说一遍

break the law 违反法律

catch a cold 伤风/感冒

catch fire 着火

do/try one's best 尽最大努力

do a good deed 做好事

do some cleaning/cooking/running/shopping/washing… 搞清洁/做饭菜/跑跑步/买东西/洗衣服…

do good/harm (to sb.) 对某人有益/有害

do one's hormwork 做家庭作业

do one's lessons 做功课

do wrong 做错事/干坏事

draw a conclusion 得出结论

enjoy oneself 玩/过得快活(=have a good time)

give a concert 举行音乐会

give a report/talk 作报告/演讲

have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早/午/晚饭

have a headache 头痛

have a lesson 上课

have/take a (last) look 看(最后)一眼

have a match 举行比赛

have some medicine 服药

have a meeting 开会

have/take a rest/break 休息一会

have/take a seat 请坐

have sports 进行体育活动

have a swim 游一次泳

have a test 进行测验/考察

join the army 参军

join the Legue/Party 入团/入党

keep (a) watch 守望/放哨

keep one's word 信守诺言

lead/live a…life 过着…的生活

lose one's life 丧生

lose one's way 迷路

make an apology (to sb./for sth.) (向某人/为某事)道歉make a face/faces 做怪相

make up one's mind 下决心

make a mistake 犯错误

make a noise 吵闹

make progross (in) (在…)取得进步

make/keep/break a promise 许下/信守/违背诺言

make repairs 修理/修补

make one's way 前行

place/give an order (for sth./with sb.) (向某人)订购(某物) take a picture/photo 照张相

take one's place/seat 就座/就职

take sb.'s/sth.'s place 代替某人/某物(=take the place of sb./sth.)

take place 发生/出现

take sb.'s temperature 量某人的体温

take one's turn 依次/轮流

2.动词+名词+(其他)

drive sb. mad 使人发狂

do sb. good/harm/wrong(s) 有益于/危害/冤屈、迫害某人(=do good/harm/wrong(s) to sb.)

do sb. a favour/favours 帮某人的忙(=do a favour/favours for sb.)

give sb. some advice 给某人提出忠告

give sb. a lesson 给某人授一堂课(=give a lesson to sb.) have sth. done (找人)把事做了;某物被…

have sb./sth. doing sth. 让/任/允许/使某人/某物做某事

have sb. do sth. 要某人做某事(=get sb. to do sth.) persuade sb. to do sth./into doing sth. 说服某人做某事set sb. free 释放某人

show sb. sth. 给某人看某物(=show sth. to sb.)

take it easy 别紧张;慢慢来

teach sb. a lesson 教训某人一顿

tear sth. open 把某物撕开

leave sb./sth.+adj./done/doing sth. 让某人/某物(处于某种状态) 四其他

be able to (do) 能(做…)

be about to (do sth.) 即将(做某事)

be afraid to (do sth.) 不敢去(做某事)

be determined to (do) 决心(做…)

be eager to (do) 渴望/热切地要(做…)

be going to (do) 打算/将要(做…)

be likely to (do) 可能(做…)

be meant to (do sth.) 必须/应该/意思是(做某事)

be ready to (do) 准备好/乐意(做…)

be said/reported to (do) 据说/据报道(做…)

be supposed to (do) 应该/估计要(做…)

be suer to (do) 务必/肯定要(做…)

be fit/unfit to (do) 适于/不适于(做…)

be/get/become used to (doing sth.) 习惯于(做某事)

used to (do) 过去常常(做…)

be willing to (do sth.) 愿意(做某事)

come/get to (do) 开始/终于(做…)

come true 实现

get/cut in a word 插句话(=get a word in)

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头 ·take …into account 把…考虑在内 ·accuse sb. of 指责某人某事/指控某人某事 charge sb. with sth. 指控某人某事 ·be accustomed/used to sth./doing 习惯于做某事 ·make a great achievement/great achievements 取得重 大成绩 ·acid rain 酸雨 ·act as 担任；充当·take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事 ·take an active part in 积极参加… ·adapt oneself to sth./doing 适应于（做）某事 be adapted to sth./ doing ·add to beauty/difficulties 增添了美丽/困难·add up to 合计达… amount to合计达…·in addition 此外，另外·in addition to sth. 除…之外 ·admire sb. for sth. 羡慕/钦佩某人某事 ·admit one’s mistake 承认某人的错误 ·be admitted to university 被大学录取·adopt one’s advice 采纳某人的建议 ·adopt a child 收养一个孩子

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二、同源介词、副词动词短语 不同的动词可以和同一介词或副词构成短语来表达不同的含义，高考非常重视对这样的短语进行考查，考查的重点是以热点介词和副词为来源的动词短语。 我很高兴你亲自来这里处理这个问题。 三、词形相似的动词短语 一些动词短语词形相像，让人眼花缭乱，难以区分。高考试题经常对此设题考查考生的鉴别能力。解题时应仔细辨认，不能急于求成。

多词动词短语多由三个单词构成，因词数多、构词巧而备受高考命题者的重视。常见的多词动词短语有： 1．词形相近的动词之间辨义。如lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, arise, raise; sit, seat等。 (1)rise, arise 和raise rise 升起，是不及物动词，其过去式是rose, 过去分词是risen; arise (问题等)出现，是不及物动词，其过去式与过去分词是arose, arisen; raise举起，是及物动词，是规则动词。 (2)sit与seat

sit表示“坐”这一动作；seat表示“就座”时要用be seated 或seat oneself。 2．意义相近的动词之间辨义。如borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。 3．动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。 4．意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的意义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover等。

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