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高级英语写作大纲

高级英语写作大纲
高级英语写作大纲

本科教学大纲

大学英语拓展课程教学大纲

学院:公共外语教育学院

专业:高级英语写作

专业负责人:肖迎新

院长:金力

2012 年 4 月 15 日

一、课程名称

高级英语写作——大学英语拓展课程

二、课程性质

公共选修课

三、课程教学目标

通过本课程的学习,学生将系统地学习和掌握英语写作的格式、句子写作、段落写作、短文写作、应用文写作,其中包括学习文章的选题、剪裁和谋篇布局。

培养学生的英语写作能力,即培养学生用英语写各类体裁文章的能力,如描写文、记叙文、说明文以及常用的应用文体,如卡片、便条、通知、求职信、推荐信,个人简历、个人信件,商务信件,内容提要等实用英语写作。学生能根据作文题目、提纲或图表、数据等,在30分钟内写出长度为150-200个单词左右的短文,内容切题,结构严谨,条理清楚,语法正确,语言通顺,表达得体。

四、课程教学组织原则与教学方法

(一)教学组织原则

1. 传统的课堂教学和现代教育技术相结合

本课程的教学模式是基于传统的课堂教学和现代教育技术相结合。教学环境尽可能利用多媒体网络资源。

2. 遵循"精讲多练"的原则

以教师为主导,学生为主体,用多种手段鼓励学生多进行阅读和写作的练习。

3. 全面贯彻以学生为中心的原则

课上开展以任务为中心的形式多样的活动,更多地采用启发式、讨论式、发现式和研究式的方法,更多地在教授语言知识、提高技能的同时注入人文因素,全方位地提高学生的素质。

4. 坚持用英语组织教学

教师要尽量用英语组织教学,以创造语言环境,使学生多接触英语,增强语感。必要时也可利用本族语进行讲解和两种语言的对比,但是要防止过多地使用本族语,以免影响英语、听、说、读、写等技能的训练和提高。

(二)教学方法

1. 课堂讨论热身:

教师更多地扮演引导者和启发者的角色,针对每个写作任务,鼓励学生大胆思维,用自己的话语、从自己独特的角度参与写作教学。教师创设各种问题,引发学生在“写前准备”中充分激活相关信息、深化思想,在“写作过程”中鼓励学生提出独到的见解、新颖的看法甚至略显偏激的观点,在“写后编辑”中自评、他评,同时用启发式的方法让学生认识到自己论证中的漏洞,让学生自觉地修改和补充自己的意见,完善思想的表达。

2. 范文讨论:

写作是教学实践课程,将有问题的学生范文作为反面范例进行小组讨论,帮助有错误的同学发现问题,同时也警醒其他同学规避类似错误的发生。另外,我们从教科书和互联网上引入一些优秀的范文或学生的习作作为范文,大家讨论。通过学生之间的交流提高同学们的思考和欣赏能力。

3. 反复修改实践:

写作重视学生的实践活动,为了让学生真正参与到教学的各个环节,我们要求学生自改、学生互改后再自改,修改稿由任课教师评改,教师通过评语或面谈反馈问题,学生再重写。这样,反复操作,改变了过去“重结果轻过程的教学模式” 。

4. 以读促写,素材建库

写作作为重要的输出活动,其质量好坏受制于我们的思想积累和语言积累。对于广大学生来讲写作中两个问题非常突出:思想空乏、语言质量低下。解决这两点单靠课堂教学难以完成,我们要求学生广泛阅读,分头收集好的语言和写作素材创设优秀素材库,每月汇总由学生自行印出分发到每个人,做到资源共享。通过消化这些素材,来增加语言的输入,这是提高写作水平非常有效的方法。

5. 课外辅助

本课程除使用固定的课本教学外,还选取了一些课外辅助材料,包括图书资料、音像材料、网络资料等。课外辅助材料的阅读活动旨在培养学生的实践研究能力,鼓励学生动手,激励学生创造性思维,拓宽学生的知识面。学生和老师以及同学们之间可以通过邮件或公用信箱或 BBS 来交流写作的作品或学习体会。

五、课程总学时和学分

大学英语拓展阶段课程的教学时数应不少于20学时,安排在一个学期完成。要求学生必须在修完大学英语基础阶段必修课之后,才能选修拓展阶段课程。学生通过学期末考试合格者可获得学分。每门课程1学分。

六、课程教学要求及内容

(一)课程教学要求

在学完本课程之后,学生能够:

提高写作能力,包括遣词造句,逻辑思维,语法应用,观点表达等方面的能力。学生在结束时能在规定时间内,撰写出结构合理内容充实,无严重语法错误的英语短文。如议论文、记叙文、描写文、故事梗概、读写报告等。

具体写作要求:

1.了解写作格式要求,包括移行、大小写、标点符号用法等款式要求。

2.句子层次写作

了解英语句子的类型、构成和句子写作中常见的错误,把握措辞、修辞格和句子的选择等内容。

3.段落层次写作

了解写作过程,铺陈方式和各种不同段落的写作方法,包括段落的结构和主题句,各种不同段落的写作方法(段落展开种类中的时间序列法、进程描述法、空间序列法、概括举例法、对比对照法、因果关系法、分类法和定义法等)等;把握段落写作中统一性、连贯性、条理性和完整性等判断标准。

4.短文层次写作

了解记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文的写作要求和注意事项;把握三段式文章的写作要领等等。

5.了解四级和六级作文题型与写作技巧。

6.了解各种应用文的写作技巧,包括书信、便条、备忘录、个人简历、通知、告示等的写法。

(二)课程教学内容要点

教学内容共10讲,20学时,具体内容如下表:

七、教材及主要参考书目及相关学习网站

教材:

丁往道等,《英语写作手册》,外语教学与研究出版社,1997.

该书共分8个单元,分别介绍了文稿格式和标点符号,每单元均配有大量练习,书后附有部分参考答案。

参考书:

祁寿华,《高级英语写作指南》,上海外语教育出版社 2001

陈汉生,《实用英语书信》,世界图书出版公司,1997.

冯启忠,《实用英语写作教程》,北京大学出版社,1999

八、课程考试与评估

课程考试由形成性评价和终结性评价构成,其中形成性评价占课程期末成绩的40%,包括阶段性作业 15%、考勤15%、课堂参与10% ;终结性评价占课程期末成绩的60%.终结性评价为书面试卷,闭卷考试。题型比例:主观性试题占80%,为简答题、作文题,客观性试题占20%,为判断题、单选题。

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