英文原文及翻译

Vera Wang Honors Her Chinese Roots

王薇薇以中国根为傲

With nuptials(婚礼) season in full swing, Vera Wang’s wedding dress remains at the top of many a bride’s(婚礼) wish list. The designer, who recently took home the lifetime achievement award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America, has been innovating in bridal design for years—using color, knits and even throwing fabric into a washing machine.

随着婚礼季的全面展开，王薇薇(Vera Wang)婚纱依然是许多新娘愿望清单上的首选。王薇薇最近刚拿到美国时装设计师协会(Council of Fashion Designers of America)颁发的终生成就奖。多年来她一直在婚纱设计领域进行创新──运用色彩和编织手法，甚至将面料扔进洗衣机里。

Ms. Wang said that her latest collection is about construction. “I had felt that I had really messed that vocabulary of perfection for brides for a while, where there’s six fabrics to a skirt, ”she said. “I wanted to go back to something that maybe was what I started with, but in a whole new way, and that would be architecture—not simplicity—but maybe minimalism.”

王薇薇说，她的最新婚纱系列重点在于构建。她说：“我觉得有段时间我确实搅乱了新娘们对于完美的概念，一条裙子有六种布料。我想回到最原始的东西，但是以一种全新的方式，这种方式就是服装架构──不是简单──而是极简主义。”

The Wall Street Journal sat down with the designer in her studio to talk about some of her most memorable wedding and red-carpet looks, business in China and “Tiger Moms.”

《华尔街日报》记者在这位知名设计师的工作室里对她进行了采访，聊到了她记忆里最深刻的几款婚纱和红地毯装扮、她在中国的业务以及她对“虎妈”的看法。

What is your approach to dressing someone for the red carpet ?

你给人设计红毯装用什么方法？

Vera Wang: In red carpet I am more of a wardrober—like Edith Head—a wardrobe designer, where it has to be reflective of the star. Their look, their personality, their body type and what they’re trying to express that night. So that becomes a way more specific journey than what I do in ready to wear.

王薇薇：在红毯装上我更像是一个造型师──就和伊迪丝?海德(Edith Head)一样──衣服必须反映明星的气质。要看他们的长相，他们的个性、体型以及当晚他们想表现什么。因此红毯装就比我做成衣的过程要具体得多。

Which red-carpet looks do you get asked about the most?

哪些红毯装被人问得最多？

Michelle [Williams] ranks up there. Charlize [Theron] in the mandarin orange, ’30s-inspired dress,

where she wore the pair of brooches. She could’ve definitely been in a film in that dress. She just shot [“The Legend of] Bagger Vance, ” which was a ’30s period piece about a golfer, and she wanted to stay in character for the Oscars, so she did the more retro hair. That’s definitely one of the ones I’ve been asked the most about.

被问起最多的是米歇尔?威廉姆斯(Michelle Williams)。还有查理兹?塞隆(Charlize Theron)那条以30年代风格为灵感、配一对胸针的橘色长裙。她穿那条裙子绝对可以拍电影。当时她刚拍完《重返荣耀》(The Legend of Bagger Vance)，那是一部有关30年代一名高尔夫球手的电影，她想为了奥斯卡(Oscars)保留角色的样子，所以做了比较复古的发型。那绝对是我被问得最多的红毯装之一。

Certainly Sharon Stone after “Basic Instinct” when she came in a blond duchesse tight ball gown with a huge train in the back and no jewelry. Just the blond skin, blond hair, and incredible blond dress. That was sort of my first big Oscar moment. Everything came together to make it magical. It really does take a certain amount of luck and serendipity for all the factors to come together. I’ve dressed amazing women: Julia Louis-Dreyfus, Sandra Bullock, Jennifer Lopez—there have been so many.

当然还有刚拍完《本能》(Basic Instinct)的莎朗?斯通(Sharon Stone)，她身穿了一条金色丝硬缎紧身晚礼服，大大的裙裾，没有佩戴首饰。只有金色的皮肤、金色的头发和光彩照人的金色长裙。那是我的第一个相当于奥斯卡的时刻。所有的元素组合在一起，造就了这身不可思议的装束。所有这些因素组合在一起确实需要一定的运气和缘分。我为很多优秀的女星设计过红毯装：茱莉亚?路易斯?德利法斯(Julia Louis-Dreyfus)、桑德拉?布洛克(Sandra Bullock)、詹妮弗?洛佩慈(Jennifer Lopez)──太多了。

What about wedding moments?

那婚纱呢？

Chelsea [Clinton], certainly, not only because of her provenance and her family and the fact that they’re an extraordinary American dynasty in terms of politics. The wonderful thing about Chelsea was her desire to go a more fashion route, a more unexpected place. I credit her with that. That’s really all about her own vision of how she saw herself. For a wedding of that pomp and circumstance, it was really very much of a family affair, and so that authenticity came through not only in the actual wedding but in how she looked. I was not dictating to Chelsea. We collaborated together. There was a youth and a romance and a certain acceptance of techniques that were quite complex from a fashion point of view.

当然是切尔西?克林顿(Chelsea Clinton)，不仅仅因为她的出身和家庭以及他们在美国政界历史上非同寻常的地位。切尔西很棒的一点是她渴望走比较时尚和比较出乎意料的路线。我觉得她这点很不错。最重要的是在于她自己如何看待自己。对于那种华丽场合的婚礼，确实是一场家族盛事，因此不光婚礼要呈现出真实性，她的装扮也要真实。我并不是在指导切尔西，我们是在合作。要表现出青春和浪漫，从时装角度来看相当复杂的技术性细节，也要能让人接受。

Alicia Keys—same night, 6 hours before, in fact I looked at my watch at noon and said, “Alicia’s getting married right now” in the south of France, I believe. She was sort of barefoot and pregnant. She just embraced being pregnant and the fact that she wanted to Grecian and like an Earth goddess. And so: Two very different brides, two very different continents, two very different lifestyles, and yet I think each one felt that she had expressed who she was on her most important day. Even in celebrity

weddings I feel like I’m a costumer.

还有艾丽西亚?凯斯(Alicia Keys)，她的婚礼也是同一天，不过比切尔西早六个小时。我中午就看着表说：我猜艾丽西亚现在就在法国南部举行婚礼。她赤着脚还怀着孕。她坦然接受自己怀孕，而且想要希腊式婚纱，看起来像大地女神。因此：两位截然不同的新娘，两块截然不同的大陆，两种截然不同的生活方式，但我认为她们都觉得在自己最重要的日子表现出了真实的自我。即使在名人的婚礼上我也觉得自己像个服装师。

What about business growth in Asia?

在亚洲的业务发展得怎么样？

Being Chinese, but having grown up in America, first generation, it’s meant a great deal, particularly since my parents passed, that I honor my past and my roots. And that means a great deal to me. You can’t grow up in a Chinese—even American family—and not know that. If you have Chinese parents, you know. They don’t let you forget.

作为在美国长大的第一代华人，在亚洲的发展意义重大，特别是由于我父母已经过世。我以我的过去和我的根为荣。这对我意义重大。在中国家庭你不可能不明白这点，在美国家庭长大也一样。如果你的父母是华人，你就会懂。他们不会让你忘记的。

But I have to say in all honesty, there is a business opportunity there that I’ve seen since my father’s businesses were all in Asia that I’ve known about way beyond a decade.

但我得坦白说，由于我父亲的生意都在亚洲，我十多年前就知道了亚洲有商机。

But also there’s an emotional part of this, which is that I feel that Chinese all over the world—and Asians in general—have come into their own. Not only the standards of beauty and commercial success and financial power and all the other ingredients that have made not only China, but South Korea and obviously Japan for so many decades already—there is a new acceptance of Asians and I’m happy I’m living to see it because it really means something to me.

不过也有感情因素，我觉得全世界的华人──以及更大范围的亚洲人──已经独立了。不光是美的标准和商业成功、金融力量及其他元素让中国独立了，韩国还有日本已经独立了数十年──亚洲人重新被接受，我很高兴活着目睹了这一点，因为这点对我真的很有意义。

And that would go also for all the prolific amounts of young Asian designers in fashion who are making their mark. I think nothing is making me feel prouder. As someone who maybe was a pioneer, it’s a much deeper rooted journey back to Asia—a much deeper journey than purely financial or commercial. It’s a lot about my soul, probably, and my heart. I’ve always loved fashion and worked in fashion because of that. It was never about being about a celebrity and it was never about being famous. Unfortunately in this day and age, if people don’t know you, no matter how great your product is, they’ll never find it.

同样的，时装界也有许多年轻的亚洲设计师正冉冉升起。没什么比这更能让我觉得骄傲了。作为一个可能是先驱的人，我的根深深根植在亚洲──比纯粹的金钱或商业要深得多。或许最重要的是我的灵魂，还有

我的心。我一直都喜欢时装，而且因为喜欢而在时装界工作。绝不是因为想成为名人，也绝不是想出名。不幸的是在如今这个时代，如果人们不认识你，无论你的产品有多好，他们永远都不会找到。

I was the girl always on the other side of the camera at Vogue. And now there’s a certain irony in all of this. And certainly I’m lucky that I have that kind of respect. But for me it’s always been my love of fashion and my love of design and my respect for others in our industry who have achieved such great great great things—some of whom are Asian: Rei Kawakubo, Junya Watanabe, Yohji Yamamoto, Issey Miyake, I’m not going to go down the list. Really, I stand in awe.

在《时尚》(Vogue)的时候，我曾经老是摄像机另一头的那个女孩。现在这一切有点讽刺。可以肯定的是，我很幸运我得到了那种尊重。但对我来说，最重要的是我对时装的热爱，对设计的热爱，在这个行业有很多其他取得很大成就的人值得我尊敬──有些是亚洲人：川久保玲(Rei Kawakubo)、渡边淳弥(Junya Watanabe)、山本耀司(Yohji Yamamoto)、三宅一生(Issey Miyake)，我不想一一列出名字。我真的很敬重他们。

Since we’re on the topic of Asians, and Chinese parents, does the topic of the “Tiger Mom” mean anything to you?

既然我们谈到了亚洲人和中国父母的话题，那么“虎妈”这个话题对你有什么意味吗？

My daughters would not say that about me, that’s for sure. I would say that about my mother. I’m a tiger cub—an old tiger cub.

我的女儿不会那样说我，这是肯定的。我会这样说我的母亲。我是个“虎崽”──一个上了年纪的“虎崽”。

Both of your daughters are at Ivy League schools, so are they successful because of other reasons?

你的两个女儿都在常春藤联盟学校，那么她们成功是由于其他原因吗？

Actually no thanks to me whatsoever. In all fairness, we were told not to interfere when they were in fourth grade, and we never did. They are their own people. I wouldn’t use the word “successful.” I would say they are their own people, for better or for worse.

实际上我没什么功劳。公平地说，在她们上四年级时，我们被告知不要干涉她们，之后我们从没干涉过。她们在做自己。我不会用“成功”这个词。我会说不管怎样，她们都在做自己。

Want to Start a Business? Here's Advice from Jack Ma

想创业？听听马云的忠告

Jack Ma is arguably China's most famous -- and successful -- entrepreneur. Though he's no longer running Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. -- the e-commerce company he founded that is gearing up for a multi-billion dollar initial public offering -- Mr. Ma is still proselytizing the benefits of entrepreneurship.

马云或许可以说是中国最知名、最成功的企业家。尽管他已不再担任阿里巴巴集团(Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.)的首席执行长，但他仍在宣传创业的诸般好处。他创立的电子商务公司阿里巴巴集团目前正在准备进行规模数十亿美元的首次公开募股(IPO)。

So what's his advice for fledgling entrepreneurs ready to start their own businesses? On Sunday, in front of thousands of young people in Hong Kong at the 'Youth Business Project conference, ' Mr. Ma shared his advice:

那么他对那些准备自己创业、初出茅庐的创业者有什么忠告呢？周日，在香港举行的“伴你启航”(Youth Business Project)大会上，他与数千年轻人分享了自己的忠告：

--There are business opportunities in 80% of industries in China, including the 'green' or environmentally friendly industry. Whenever people have complaints or are dissatisfied with something, that equals a business opportunity.

──中国有80%的产业存在商机，包括“绿色”产业（即环保产业）。只要有抱怨的地方，有投诉、不合理的地方就有创业机会。

--Avoid starting businesses with good friends. But once you're running a business, try your best to be good friends with your business partner.

──不要与好朋友一起开公司。但在运营企业的时候，尽一切努力与你的商业伙伴成为好朋友。

--Always remember the passion you've had at the very beginning of starting the business. Never start a business just to make money.

──永远牢记创业之初自己怀有的激情。永远不要只为赚钱而创业。

--A Tai Chi practitioner for years, Mr. Ma used the Chinese practice as a metaphor for running his business. 'The idea of practicing Tai Chi also applies in the commercial world, ' he told the audience. Tai Chi emphasizes that 'your attitude in heart affects your shape or form on the outside, ' said Mr. Ma.

──马云练太极多年，他把运营企业比作练太极。他对听众们说，太极思想同样适用于商界；太极强调的是，你内心的态度可以影响你的外表或外在形式。

Mr. Ma opened a Tai Chi school with Chinese action star Jet Li in Hangzhou, where Alibaba was founded in 1999, by 18 people led by Mr. Ma, a former English teacher.

马云与中国动作影星李连杰在杭州合办了一所太极学校。1999年，阿里巴巴就是在杭州由马云领导的18个人创立的。马云曾是一名英语教师。

Running a business is never easy. Even Mr. Ma, who brought the company to become China's e-commerce giant with 24, 000 employees now, said he made numerous mistakes along his journey in building the business. 'The biggest mistake is yet to come, ' he said, half-jokingly.

亲爱的安妮：在我最近离职的公司，有几位同事权倾朝野，他们经常剽窃我的点子和改进建议，竟然屡屡获得嘉奖。为此，我炒了那家公司的鱿鱼。可我现在感觉，自己是刚出油锅，又进火坑。我最近刚去参加了一次会议，会上，我的老板夸夸其谈地讲述“他”新想出来的成本削减战略，却闭口不提这主意是我想出来。

在我们公司，员工想出的好点子的数量对其绩效奖金和总体绩效评估影响很大，所以，我担心在这家公司，我的付出可能又无法得到承认了。我的一位朋友认为我不需要过于担心，因为只要我能让老板颜面有光，那就没有任何问题。他这种说法对吗？——匿名者Dear Annie: At the company where I worked until recently, I had a couple of colleagues who were master manipulators and who frequently got rewarded for ideas and improvements I came up with. That was one reason why I left that job. But now, I seem to have gone from the frying pan into the fire. I just came from a meeting where my current boss talked about his clever new cost-cutting strategy without once mentioning that I thought of the whole thing and laid it out for him.

A big part of our performance bonuses（绩效奖金）and overall evaluations(总体评价) here are based on how many good ideas we have, so it makes me nervous（担心、焦虑）that, once again, I'm not being recognized （承认）for what I'm contributing （贡献）. A friend tells me not to worry about it because as long as I keep making my boss look

亲爱的匿名者：答案是肯定的。现在，许多人都认为打造个人品牌和自吹自擂是职场生存的秘笈，所以，你才会对目前的情况感到不安，这很容易理解。而且，“拥有创造性思维”这样的口碑确实值得妥善维护。

但彼得?韩铎认为，问题在于你防范的对象是谁？韩铎目前担任领导力培训咨询机构戴尔?卡耐基培训（Dale Carnegie Training）的CEO，他认为，点子被同事窃取（正如你之前的那份工作）与老板听从你的建议、并照此开展工作，两者之间存在很大差别。

这是因为，同事之间是直接的竞争对手关系，而老板则不是。韩铎认为：“员工需要避免自己的灵感被同事盗用，但这种事情，必须采用友好、低调的方式进行处理。”

其中一个方法就是：要学会韬光养晦，并抓住时good, I'll be okay. Is he right? — Too Anonymous Dear T.A.: In a word, yes. With all the palaver（拍马屁的人）these days about personal branding （个人品牌）and blowing（吹）your own horn（号角）as essential career（基本职业）survival（生存）skills, it's easy to see why this situation(情况) would make you uneasy（不安）. Moreover, it's certainly true that a reputation（名声）as an innovative（创新的）thinker is an asset（优点、有利条件）worth protecting（保护、维护）.

According to Peter Handal, the question is, protecting from whom? Handal, CEO of leadership （领导力）development （培训）consultants （咨询机构）Dale Carnegie Training, sees a big difference between peers（同事）who appropriate （窃取）your ideas, as at your old job, and a boss who takes your suggestion and runs with it.

That's because your colleagues（同事）are direct （直接的）competitors（竞争对手）in ways that your boss is not. "You do need to avoid（避免）letting colleagues steal（盗取）your thunder（灵感）, but it has to be handled（处理解决）in a friendly, low-key（低调）way," Handal says.

One approach（方法）: Keep your best stuff under

机，在面对整个团队的时候，比如在集体会议上或者在群发的邮件中，提出自己的想法，做到一鸣惊人。他强调道：“通过这种方式能让所有人明白，好点子的主人到底是谁。”

但如果已经为时过晚，那就不要犹豫，可以在开会的时候这么说：“我最先把这个点子告诉霍华德的时候，他提出了很好的建议……”韩铎表示：“要用委婉的方式表明自己的功劳。人们会明白的。”

但如果是老板占用了员工的点子，却没有说明员工的功劳，这种情况下，员工应该如何面对？韩铎认为：“说句‘谢谢’就足够了。”

毕竟，你前面提到的绩效奖金和评估都是你的顶头上司说了算。韩铎强调道：“他才是你应该努力打动的人。头儿在上司面前表现神勇，头儿倚重你提出好的建议，对你绝对没有任何坏处。”韩铎补充道，作为CEO，他自己有时候会主动让别人以为某些电子是他想来出的，但实际上它们却是下属的功劳。他解释道：“如果提出建议的人在目标受众中不太受欢迎——比如说，他（她）所在的部门一直与另外一个部门明争暗斗——

那我可能会假称他（她）的主意是我想出来的。your hat （保持最好的东西在帽子里）until you get a chance to mention（提及）it to your whole team at once（立即）, either in a meeting or in an email to the group. "That way, there's no doubt about（毫无疑问）where the idea came from," he notes（强调）.

If it's already too late for that, don't hesitate（犹豫）to speak up（说）in a meeting with something like, "When I first brought up this idea to Howard, he made a really good suggestion（建议）about it…" Says Handel, "Find a subtle（委婉）way to claim credit（信贷、功劳）. People will get the point."

By contrast（但是）, if it's your boss who's latched on to your idea and neglected（忽略）to attribute （归功）it to you, how should you respond? "Say 'thank you,'" Handal says.

Those performance bonuses （绩效奖金）and evaluations（评估）you mention are, after all, under your boss's control. "He's the one you're trying to impress," Handal notes. "Making him look smart to higher-ups and having him depend on you for good suggestions is certainly not going to do you any harm."

Handal adds that, as a CEO himself, he sometimes lets people assume he thought up something that really came from someone else. "If

因为，我知道，只有这么做才能使这个主意得到更公平的评判。”

他补充道：“当然了，我知道真正想出好点子的人是谁。你的老板肯定也知道。”

罗伯特?赫伯德表示，另外一个需要考虑的因素是：“在大部分大公司中，到一个点子被付诸实施的时候，已经经过许多人的完善，所以，把它归功于一个人头上并不太现实。”

赫伯德目前在经营一家名为赫伯德（Herbold Group）的高管培训公司，公司客户包括辉瑞制药（Pfizer）、戴尔公司（Dell）、百事可乐公司（PepsiCo）和惠普公司（Hewlett-Packard）等。赫伯德曾在微软公司（Microsoft）担任过首席运营官，并出版了《职场领地综合症：地盘之争的危害与治理》（The Fiefdom Syndrome: The Turf Battles that Undermine Careers and Companies -- and How to Overcome Them）一书。

赫伯德表示：“员工需要确保两点。第一，确保老板认为你的工作做得非常非常出色。”为了保证这一点，他建议，员工应该每隔三到四周便向上司征求一次反馈意见。

“第二，员工希望能在自己的绩效评估中看到，在改进工作方面，自己的贡献超出同事一筹。如果这两个目标都达到了，那就没有什么可以担心的。相反，如果一心只想着邀功，肯定会被折磨疯的。”the person who suggested it is not the most popular with the intended audience -- let's say, for example, that he or she is in a department that has been feuding with another department -- then I may pull my punches and pretend his or her idea is mine, simply because I know it will get a fairer hearing," he explains.

"But of course, I still know whose it was," he adds. "Your boss does, too."

Another factor to consider, says Robert Herbold: "In most big companies, by the time any idea gets put into practice, it's been modified by so many different people that the idea of any one person getting credit for it is pretty unrealistic."

Herbold runs the Herbold Group, an executive coaching firm whose clients include Pfizer (PFE), Dell (DELL), PepsiCo (PEP), and Hewlett-Packard (HPQ). A former chief operating officer at Microsoft (MSFT), Herbold wrote a book called The Fiefdom Syndrome: The Turf Battles that Undermine Careers and Companies -- and How to Overcome Them.

"The two things you want are, first, for your boss to think you're doing your job very, very well," says Herbold. To make sure of that, he recommends asking for feedback as often as every three or four weeks.

运营企业从来都不容易。就连马云也说，他在创业过程中犯过无数的错误。他半开玩笑地说，最大的错误还没有出现。在马云的领导下，马里巴巴集团现已成为拥有24,000名员工的中国电子商务巨头。

换句话说，你的朋友说得很对。韩铎表示：“别忘了，最终的目标是要使公司向前发展，而不是因为无聊的办公室政治和个人纠纷而停滞不前。”

或者正如罗纳德?里根办公桌上的座右铭，上面写道：“抛弃名利之心，你将无所不能。”。 反馈：你是否遇到过自己的点子被同事盗用？你如何处理？欢迎留言评论。 （翻译 刘进龙）

"And second, you want your performance evaluations to note that you come up with more than your fair share of ways to improve things," he says. "If both of those are happening, you really have no worries. If you get too hung up on getting credit, it will eat you alive."

In other words, your friend has a point. "Don't forget that the goal is to move the company forward, not to get bogged down in politics and personalities," says Handal.

Or as a plaque on Ronald Reagan's desk used to say: "There is no limit to the amount of good you can do if you don't care who gets the credit." Talkback: Have you ever had a coworker who stole your ideas? How did you handle it? Leave a comment below.

综合英语(一)课文及翻译

Lesson One: The Time Message Elwood N, Chapman 新的学习任务开始之际，千头万绪，最重要的是安排好时间，做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议，或许对你有所启迪。 1 Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look a head, you think you have more time than you need. For Example,at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands, but toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties (duty), so you get worried. What is the answer? Control! 译：时间真是不好对付，既难以控制好，又很容易浪费掉，当你向前看时，你觉得你的时间用不完。例如，在一个学期的开始，你或许觉得你有许多时间，但到学期快要结束时，你会突然发现时间快用光了，你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完，这样你就紧张了。答案是什么呢？控制。 2 Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. I f you don't make it work fo r you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one Problem. 译：时间是危险的，如果你控制不了时间，时间就会控制你，如果你不能让时间为你服务，它就会起反作用。所以，你必须成为时间的主人，而不是它的奴仆，作为刚入学的大学生，妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。 3 Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad habit. It is like a drug. The more time you waste,the easier it is to go on wasting time. If seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put the time message into practice. 译：时间是珍贵的，浪费时间是个坏习惯，这就像毒品一样，你越浪费时间，就越容易继续浪费下去，如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会，你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。 Message1. Control time from the beginning. 4 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the Beginning of the term. 译：抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间，不要把事情推到明天或是下周，在学期开始就开始计划。 Message2. Get the notebook habit. 5 Go and buy a notebook today, Use it to plan your study time each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared, follow the same pattern every week with small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the Plan for the following week.

英语原文及其翻译

Exploring Filipino School Counselors’ Beliefs about Learning Allan B. I. Bernardo [Abstract] School reform efforts that focus on student learning require school counselors to take on important new roles as advocates of student learning and achievement.But how do school counselors understand the process of learning? In this study, we explore the learning beliefs of 115 Filipino school counselors who indicated their degree of agreementwith 42 statements about the process of learning and the factors thatinfluence this process.A principal components analysis of the responses to the 42 statements suggested three factors:(F1)social-cognitive constructivist beliefs, (F2) teacher-curriculum-centered behaviorist beliefs,and (F3) individual difference factors.The preliminary results are briefly discussed in terms of issues related to how Filipino school counselors’ conceptions of learning may guide their strategies for promoting student learning and achievement. [Key words]beliefs about learning, conceptions of learning, school counselors, student learning, Philippines School reform efforts in different parts of the world have focusedon students’learning. In particular,most school improvement programsnow aim to ensure that students acquire the high-level knowledge and skills that help them to thrive in today’s highly competitive globaleconomy (e.g., Lee & Williams, 2006). I n this regard, school reform programs draw from various contemporary theories and research on learning (e.g.,Bransford,Brown, & Cocking, 1999; Lambert & McCombs, 1998).The basic idea is that all school improvement efforts should be directed at ensuring students achieve high levels of learning or attainment of well-defined curricular objectives and standards.For example, textbooks (Chien & Young, 2007), computers and educational technology (Gravoso, 2002; Haertnel & Means, 2003;Technology in Schools Task Force, 2003), and educational assessment systems (Black & Wiliam2004; Cheung & Ng, 2007; Clark, 2001; Stiggins, 2005) are being reconsidered as regards how they can effectively provide scaffolds and resources for advancing student learning. Likewise,the allocation and management of a school’s financial resources are assessed in terms ofwhether these are effectively mobilized and utilized towards improving student learning (Bolam, 2006; Chung & Hung, 2006; Retna, 2007). In this regard, some advocates have also called for an examination of the role of school counselors in these reform efforts (Herr, 2002). Inthe United States, House and Hayes (2002) challenged school counselors to take proactive leadership roles in advocating for the success of all

文献翻译英文原文

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/bc2992688.html,/finance/company/consumer.html Consumer finance company The consumer finance division of the SG group of France has become highly active within India. They plan to offer finance for vehicles and two-wheelers to consumers, aiming to provide close to Rs. 400 billion in India in the next few years of its operations. The SG group is also dealing in stock broking, asset management, investment banking, private banking, information technology and business processing. SG group has ventured into the rapidly growing consumer credit market in India, and have plans to construct a headquarters at Kolkata. The AIG Group has been approved by the RBI to set up a non-banking finance company (NBFC). AIG seeks to introduce its consumer finance and asset management businesses in India. AIG Capital India plans to emphasize credit cards, mortgage financing, consumer durable financing and personal loans. Leading Indian and international concerns like the HSBC, Deutsche Bank, Goldman Sachs, Barclays and HDFC Bank are also waiting to be approved by the Reserve Bank of India to initiate similar operations. AIG is presently involved in insurance and financial services in more than one hundred countries. The affiliates of the AIG Group also provide retirement and asset management services all over the world. Many international companies have been looking at NBFC business because of the growing consumer finance market. Unlike foreign banks, there are no strictures on branch openings for the NBFCs. GE Consumer Finance is a section of General Electric. It is responsible for looking after the retail finance operations. GE Consumer Finance also governs the GE Capital Asia. Outside the United States, GE Consumer Finance performs its operations under the GE Money brand. GE Consumer Finance currently offers financial services in more than fifty countries. The company deals in credit cards, personal finance, mortgages and automobile solutions. It has a client base of more than 118 million customers throughout the world

英文翻译(原文)

GRA VITY RETAINING?WALL 1. INTRODUCTION Retaining walls are structures used to provide stability for earth or other material where conditions disallow the mass to assume its natural slope, and are commonly used to hold back or support soilbanks,coal or ore piles, and water. Retaining walls are classified, based on the method of achieving stability, into six principal types (Fig.1). The gravity-wall depends upon its weight, as the name implies, for stability. The cantilever wall is a reinforced-concrete wall that utilizes cantilever action to retain the mass behind the wall from assuming a natural slope. Stability of this wall is partially achieved from the weight of soil on the heel portion of the base slab. A counterfort retaining wall is similar to a cantilever retaining wall, except that it is used where the cantilever is long or for very high pressures behind wall and has counterforts, which tie the wall and base together, built at intervals along the wall to reduce the bending moments and sheers. As indicated in Fig.1c, the counterfort is behind the wall and subjected to tensile forces. A buttressed retaining wall is similar to a counterfort wall, except that the bracing is in front of the wall and is in compression instead of tension. Two other types of walls not considered further are crib walls, which are built-up members of pieces of precast concrete, metal, or timber and are supported by anchor pieces embedded in the soil for stability, and semigravity walls, which are walls intermediate between a true gravity and a cantilever wall. (a)(b)(e)

英语原文及翻译

高速视频处理系统中的信号完整性分析 摘要：结合高速DSP图像处理系统讨论了高速数字电路中的信号完整性问题，分析了系统中信号反射、串扰、地弹等现象破坏信号完整性的原因，通过先进IS工具的辅助设计，找出了确保系统信号完整性的具体方法。 关键词：高速电路设计信号完整性 DSP系统 深亚微米工艺在IC设计中的使用使得芯片的集成规模更大、体积越来越小、引脚数越来越多；由于近年来IC工艺的发展，使得其速度越来越高。从而，使得信号完整性问题引起电子设计者广泛关注。 在视频处理系统中，多维并行输入输出信号的频率一般都在百兆赫兹以上，而且对时序的要求也非常严格。本文以DSP图像处理系统为背景，对信号完整性进行准确的理论分析，对信号完整性涉及的典型问题[1]——不确定状态、传输线效应、反射、串扰、地弹等进行深入研究，并且从实际系统入手，利用IS仿真软件寻找有效的途径，解决系统的信号完整性问题。 1 系统简介 为了提高算法效率，实时处理图像信息，本图像处理系统是基于DSP+FPGA结构设计的。系统由SAA7111A视频解码器、TI公司的TMS320C6701 DSP、Altera公司的EPlK50QC208 FPGA、PCI9054 PCI接口控制器以及SBRAM、SDRAM、FIFO、FLASH等构成。FPGA是整个系统的时序控制中心和数据交换的桥梁，而且能够对图像数据实现快速底层处理。DSP是整个系统实时处理高级算法的核心器件。系统结构框图如图1所示。 在整个系统中，PCB电路板的面积仅为15cm×l5cm，系统时钟频率高达167MHz，时钟沿时间为0．6ns。由于系统具有快斜率瞬变和极高的工作频率以及很大的电路密度，使得如何处理高速信号问题成为一个制约设计成功的关键因素。 2 系统中信号完整性问题及解决方案 2．1 信号完整性问题产生机理 信号的完整性是指信号通过物理电路传输后，信号接收端看到的波形与信号发送端发送的波形在容许的误差范围内保持一致，并且空间邻近的传输信号间的相互影响也在容许的范围之内。因此，信号完整性分析的主要目标是保证高速数字信号可靠的传输。实际信号总是存在电压的波动，如图2所示。在A、B两点由于过冲和振铃[2]的存在使信号振幅落入阴影部分的不确定区，可能会导致错误的逻辑电平发生。总线信号传输的情况更加复杂，任何一个信号发生相位上的超前或滞后都可能使总线上数据出错，如图3所示。图中，CLK为时钟信号，D0、D1、D2、D3是数据总线上的信号，系统允许信号最大的建立时间[1]为△t。在正常情况下，D0、D1、D2、D3信号建立时间△t1<△t，在△t时刻之后数据总线的数据已稳定，系统可以从总线上采样到正确的数据，如图3(a)所示。相反，当信号D1、D2、D3受过冲和振铃等信号完整问题干扰时，总线信号就发生

科普版英语六年级下册课文及翻译 (直接打印版)

Lesson 1 I’m not feeling well. Let’s talk （M=Mom, T= Tom） M: What,'s the matter, Tom T: I'm not feeling well, Mom M: Do you have a cold T: Yes, I think so. Could you give me some water, please M: Here you are. T: Thank you, Mom. M: Tom, you must go and see a doctor. T: OK, Mom. M: It's cold outside. You must wear your coat. T: OK, Mom. Could you pass me my coat,please M: Here you are. T: Thank you, Mom M: Tell me your teacher's number. I'll call him and tell him you are sick. T: OK. Here it is. 译文 (M=妈妈,T=汤姆) 妈妈:怎么了,汤姆 汤姆:我感觉不舒服,妈妈。 妈妈:你感冒了吗 汤姆:是的,我想是这样的。您能给我一些水吗 妈妈:给你。 汤姆:谢谢您,妈妈。 妈妈:汤姆,你必须去看医生. 汤姆:好的,妈妈。 妈妈:外面很冷。你必须穿你的外套。 汤姆:好的,妈妈。您能把我的外套递给我吗 妈妈:给你。 汤姆:谢谢您,妈妈。 妈妈:告诉我你老师的电话号码。我将给他打电话告诉他你生病了。

英语翻译专业必翻经典文章英文原文参考译文

文档简介 一，英语翻译经典文章之英文原稿二，中文翻译：这篇英语文章的最好翻译版本！不是俺说的，是俺老师说哒！！ 英文原稿Brian It seems my only request (“please, let me sleep”) is not clear enough, so I made this simple table that can help you when you’re in doubt. Especially during the night

中文翻译小子： 我只想好好地睡觉，你不明白吗？！所以，我做了这个简表。当你不知道怎么办时，特 别是在晚上的时候，你可以看看它。 具体情况行动指南 1，我正在睡觉禁止进入 2，你不确定我是否睡觉，你想搞清楚管你“鸟”事；禁止进入 3，你嗑了药，想奔向我的床你他妈的滚远点 4，你在youtube上看了一个超赞的视频，禁止进入；在脸书上把链接发给我想让我看看 5，就算第三次世界大战开始了管我屁事，他妈的别进来 6，你和你的基友们想和我“玩玩”抱歉，直男一枚。不要碰我的任何东西，门都别碰 7，你想整理我的房间我谢谢你了！我自己会打扫 8，普京宣布同性婚姻合法化终于等到“它”！还好你没放弃！还是不要来我房里！ 9，我不在家进我房间，想都别想 10，白天，我在家。你敲了门，我说“请进” 你可以进来了 福利放送！！

如果你已经看到了这里，那么说明你应该是英文爱好者哦。 下面有一些非常实用，我精心整理的英文资料，你一定用得到！快去看看吧！ 一，最常用英语翻译政治文体句型总结大全完美版 二，英文合同翻译最常用句型总结专业版 三，英语毕业论文提纲模板优秀完整详细无敌版

英文翻译原文

南京师范大学泰州学院 英文翻译原文 年级： 2011级学号：12110330 姓名：申佳佳 系部：信息工程学院 专业：通信工程 题目：基于C51的数字测速仪设计与仿真 指导教师：焦蓬蓬 2015 年 4 月 5 日

Linux - Operating system of cybertimes Though for a lot of people , regard Linux as the main operating system to make u p huge work station group, finish special effects of " Titanic " make , already can be re garded as and show talent fully. But for Linux, this only numerous news one of. Rece ntly, the manufacturers concerned have announced that support the news of Linux to i ncrease day by day, users' enthusiasm to Linux runs high unprecedentedly too. Then, Linux only have operating system not free more than on earth on 7 year this piece wh at glamour, get the favors of such numerous important software and hardware manufa cturers as the masses of users and Orac le , Informix , HP , Sybase , Corel , Intel , Net scape , Dell ,etc. , OK? 1.The background of Linux and characteristic Linux is a kind of " free (Free ) software ": What is called free, mean users can o btain the procedure and source code freely , and can use them freely , including revise or copy etc.. It is a result of cybertimes, numerous technical staff finish its research a nd development together through Inte rnet, countless user is it test and except fault , c an add user expansion function that oneself make conveniently to participate in. As th e most outstanding one in free software, Linux has characteristic o f the following: (1)Totally follow POSLX standard, expand the network operating system of sup porting all AT&T and BSD Unix characteristic. Because of inheritting Unix outstandi ng design philosophy , and there are clean , stalwart , high-efficient and steady kernels , their all key codes are finished by Li nus Torvalds and other outstanding programmer s, without any Unix code of AT&T or Berkeley, so Linu x is not Unix, but Linux and Unix are totally compatible. (2)Real many tasks, multi-user's system, the built-in n etwork supports, can be with such seamless links as NetWare , Windows NT , OS/2 , Unix ,etc.. Network in various kinds of Unix it tests to be fastest in comparing and ass ess efficiency. Support such many kinds of files systems as FAT16 , FAT32 , NTFS , E x t2FS , ISO9600 ,etc. at the same time .

专业英语原文和翻译

Basic Control Actions and Industrial Automatic Control An automatic controller compares the actual value of the plant output with the desired value, determines the deviation, and produces a control signal which will reduce the deviation to zero or to a small value.The manner in which the automatic conroller produces the control signal is called the control action. Classifications of industrial automatic controllers Induetrial automatic controllers may be classified according to their control action as: ·two-position or on-off controllers; ·proportional controllers; ·integral controllers; ·proportional-plus-integral controllers; ·proportional-plus-derivative controllers; ·proportional-plus-derivative-plus-integral controllers. Most industrial automatic controllers use eletricity or pressurized fluid such as oil or air as power sources. Automatic controllers may also be classified according to the kind of power employed in the operation, such as pneumatic controllers, hydraulic controllers, or electronic controllers.What kind of controller to use must be decided by the nature of the plant and the operating conditions,including such considerations as safety, availability, reliability, accuracy, weight, and size? Elements of industrial automatic controllers An automatic controller must detect the actuating error signal, which is usually at a very low power level, and amplify it to a sufficiently high level. Thus, an amplifier is necessary. The output of an automatic controller is fed to a power device, such as a pneumatic motor or valve, a hydraulic motor, or an electric motor. The controller usually consists of an error detector and amplifier. The measuring element is a device that converts the output variable into another suitable variable, such as a displacement, pressure, or electric signal, which can be used for comparing the output to the reference input signal. This element is in the feedback path of the closed-loop system. The set point of the controller must be converted to a reference input of the same units as the feedback signal from the measuring element. The amplifier amplifies the power of the actuating error signal, which in turn operates the actuator. The actuator is an element which alters the input to the plant according to the control signal so that the feedback signal may be brought into correspondence with the reference input signal. Self-operated controllers In most industrial automatic controllers, separate units are used for the measuring element and for the actuator. In a very simple one, however, such as a self-operated controller, these elements are assembled in one unit. Self-operated controllers utilize power developed by the measuring element and are very simple and inexpensive. The set point is determined by the adjustment of the spring force. The controlled pressure is measured by the diaphragm. The actuating error signal is the net force acting on the diaphragm. Its position determines the valve opening. The operation of self-operated controller is as follows: Suppose that the output pressure is lower than the reference pressure, as determined by the set point. Then the downward spring force is greater than the upward pressure force, resulting in a downward movement of the diaphragm. This increases the flow rate and raises the output pressure.

英文翻译原文

Engineering with Computers(2002)18:109–115 Ownership and Copyright ?2002Springer-Verlag London Limited Structural Optimization of Automotive Body Components Based on Parametric Solid Modeling M.E.Botkin GM R&D Center,Warren,MI,USA Abstract Abstract::Parametric modeling was used to build several models of an automotive front structure concept that utilizes carbon fiber composite materials and the corresponding molding processes.An ultra-lightweight aluminum body front structure was redesigned to include an all-composite front structure.Two alternative concepts were studied which represent the structure as a bonded assembly of shells.Closed sections result from two pieces–an inner and outer.Parametric modeling was found to be a useful tool for building and modifying models to use in optimization concept studies. Such models can be built quickly and both the sketch dimensions and location dimensions are particularly useful for making the adjustments necessary to fit the various body pieces together.The parametric models then must be joined together as one geometric solid model in order to obtain a surface mesh.Structural optimization input data can then be seamlessly and quickly created from the parametric-modelbased finite element model to begin the tradeoff studies.This integrated process in which parametric modeling was coupled with structural optimization was used to carry out design studies on the lightweight body front structure.Several carbon fiber material combinations were studied to determine mass reduction potential of certain types of carbon fiber products considered to be lower cost than typical carbon fiber materials used in the past.Structural optimization was used to compare several composite constructions for the design of the bonded front structure.Eight cases were studied using various materials and composite lay-ups.Mass savings estimates from45–64%over steel were obtained.The most reasonable design consisted of a combination of relatively low cost chopped carbon fiber and woven carbon fiber and using a20mm balsa core in the top of the shock tower area. This design had a maximum thickness of7mm and a mass reduction over steel of approximately62%.Correspondence and offprint requests to:Mark E.Botkin,Principal