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浅谈如何提高英语阅读理解能力

浅谈如何提高英语阅读理解能力
浅谈如何提高英语阅读理解能力

浅谈如何提高英语阅读理解能力英语阅读理解在中学英语教学中中占有十分重要的地位,一直以来阅读都是外语教学中的重要一环,提高学生阅读理解能力也一直是外语教学的重要目标。阅读理解能力的提高是有困难的,也不是一蹴而就的,但并不是高不可攀的,只要我们掌握了正确的学习方法,阅读理解能力的提高是完全有可能的。笔者根据多年的而教学经验,得出了如下几点体会:

一、充分掌握一定的词汇量

词汇是语言的基本单位,是语言的三大要素之一,它是我们进行表达和交际的重要手段。没有词汇的积累和掌握就根本不可能进行任何的阅读。试问一个目不识丁的人怎么可能进行阅读呢?怎么可能看得懂一篇文章呢?更不用说什么技巧规则了。所以,要想进行阅读,词汇量的积累是最基本也是最重要的。教师在教学的过程中,一定要注意培养学生记忆单词的能力,运用多种方式提高学生的词汇量,为提高阅读能力奠定好基础。

二、培养学生识别不同层次的语言信息的能力

我们上文提到词汇量的积累,并等同于一直把重点放在词汇意义上传统的教学模式,这种模式使得学生形成了在阅读中一个个词读、一句句话读的坏习惯。这在很大程度上使得学生的阅读效率大幅度降低,教师需要做的就是要改变这种状况,帮助学生养成良好的阅读习惯。

在阅读教学过程中,教师所要做的不仅要指导学生理解字面上的意义,更重要的是引导学生去体会文章的主旨和内涵,把握作者的写作目的及对所述事物的态度,理解作者从字里行间传达出的思想。

总之,老师应该通过各种可能的手段改变学生拘泥于一词一句抠着读的习惯,教导他们将注意力更多地放在更高的语言层次上,学会从客观上从更高的层次上去阅读文章,把握文章的意思。

三、使用多种阅读技巧进行阅读

我们经常提到的阅读方法的有预读、略读、浏览、依上下文猜测、推测等等。教师不仅要教学生怎样依据不同的阅读目的或阅读任务选择不同的策略,而且要

使学生自如地进行策略的切换和灵活运用。

英语阅读没有一个固定的模式,而是依据不同的情况灵活变化的。一成不变的阅读方法只会在很多时候浪费过多的时间,而且久而久之会让学生失去阅读的信心和兴趣,导致恶性循环。一个聪敏的学生能够根据不同的阅读目的适时调整自己的阅读技巧和速度,使得自己的阅读效率大幅度提升。因此,老师有必要教给学生不同的阅读方法和技巧,并引导学生灵活应用。

所谓的“授之以鱼,不如授之以渔”,只有让学生养成良好的阅读习惯,使他们自如灵活地运用各种策略,他们的阅读效率才能得到真正的提高。

四、将背景知识、情感、社会因素融合到阅读教学中去

我们经常可以见到下面这种情况:一个学生在语言知识方面掌握的非常好,但是却不能真正把握文章的大意,不能透彻而又全面的理解作者的意图和想法。这就是因为对文章的背景知识了解的缺乏。背景知识在阅读中的作用是至关重要的,它可以由老师来介绍,也可以通过学生自己阅读材料本身给出。背景知识是一个复杂的概念,包含专业知识、社会文化背景、风俗习惯、中西方价值观念差异等等。因此,在教学中一定不能忽视背景知识的介绍,因为阅读中造成误解的往往就是生活方式和思维方式的差异。只有了解了文章的背景,作者的意图,才能真正的快、准、稳的理解文章。

五、正确的阅读习惯的养成至关重要

1、克服恐惧心理,大胆朗读。朗读是提高阅读能力的有效方法之一。通过朗读,能进一步加深对所读材料的理解和记忆,能达到自我欣赏和感染他人的境界。大声地朗读,既提高了学生的阅读能力,又提高了他们的口头表达能力,增强了英语语感,对培养他们学习英语的兴趣很有帮助。

2、拒绝指读。我们经常发现有的学生在阅读的时候喜欢用手指或笔指着单词一个一个逐字逐句的看,这会严重影响眼睛扫视文章的功能,严重影响阅读的速度。在阅读的时候,不要试图读懂每一个单词每一句话,遇到疑难的地方,要学着放弃,学着大胆跳过去,努力去掌握文章的整体意思。到最后其实我们会发现我们不懂得地方根本不会影响到对全文的理解。

3、进行广泛而直接的英语阅读。英语的而学习不应该仅仅局限于课堂,在

课堂之外我们也要多阅读英语文章,多收看收听英文电视广播节目,给自己一个英语的氛围,慢慢的形成英语思维习惯,从而提高自己的阅读效率。

技巧永远都只会起到只辅助作用,根本还在于学生自身的努力,平时多读,多看,多记,多总结阅读中出现的单词,词组,并通过及时复习和多次阅读进行巩固。阅读是个十分漫长的过程,不可能一蹴而就,只有愿意付出的人,最终才能真正掌握各种阅读技巧,熟练运用各种技巧,才能真正提高自己的阅读能力,让英语阅读成为一种享受。

湘乡市树人中学

阳美玲

最新小学英语阅读组合训练五级下教程文件

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