第十章 动词的时态

第十章动词的时态

〖知识梳理〗

初中阶段要求掌握和运用的六种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。

一、动词的形式

绝大多数动词有五种基本形式，即动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词和第三人称单数形式。如：work-worked-worked-working-works。它们的构成及形式详见下表。

形式变化规则写出动词的相应形式

①第三人称单数形式1.直接在原形后加-s

2.以ch，sh，s，o，x结尾，后加-es

3.以辅音字母+y结尾，先将y变为

i，再加-es

make→stay→

teach→go→

try→

②现在分词 1.直接在原形后加-ing

2.以不发音的e结尾，去掉e再加

-ing

3.以重读闭音节加单辅音字母再加

-ing

4.几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y，

再加-ing eat→pl ay→write→

swim→

die→

lie→

③过去式与过去分词（规则变化) 1.直接在原形后加-ed

2.以e结尾，直接加d

3.以辅音字母+y结尾，先将y变为

i，再加-ed

4.以重读闭音节加单辅音字母结

尾，双写结尾的辅音字母再加-ed

work→

decide→

carry→

stop→

destroy→

说明：不规则动词的过去式与过去分词要根据不规则动词表逐个记住。〖参考答案〗①makes,stays,teaches,goes,tries ②eating,playing,writing,swimming, dying,lying ③worked,decided,carried,stopped,destroyed

二、动词的时态

动词时态用法表

时态谓语动词形式

结构

主要用法例句

①一

般现在时do，does

①用来表示状态、特征或不受时

间限制的客观存在的真理

The earth (move)

around the sun.

One and one two.

②表示习惯性和经常发生的动

作，常与表示频率的时间状语连

用。如：always，everyday,

usually,often,sometimes

③在时间、条件状语从句中表示

He (visit) his

grandparents once a week.

Lucy often (go)

to bed before ten’clock.

As soon as he (get)

将来要发生的动作。there,he’ll telephone you. ②

一

般过去式did

①主要用于表达过去时间里发

生的动作或存在的状态、常用的

时间状语有:yesterday,last

week,two years ago,just now

I （be）ill last week.

Mike （hurt）himself three

days ago.

②过去经常发生的动作或习惯

性动作

I （be）often late last

term.

③一般

将来时will/

be going to do

①表示将来某一时间内要发生

的动作或状态

The radio says it （rain）

tomorrow.

②表示将要做的事情，或有迹象

表明要发生的事情

I （ski）this weekend.

③在条件状语从句和时间状语

从句中一般现在时表示将来

I （not,come）if it

rains tomorrow.

常与一般将来时连用的时间状

语有：tomorrow，next week,in

two days,soon

The plane （take）off in

five minutes.

④

现

在

进

行

时am/is/are

doing ①用于表示现在正在进行的动

作，也可以表示在最近一段时间

内一直或反复进行的动作。注

意：表状态、情感的动词没有现

在进行时，这些动词有：like,

have(有)，love,know,see,hear

smell,taste,wish,hope,forget,unde

rstand,remember...

I （watch）TV at the

moment.

The workers （build）

a school these days.

②现在进行时可表示将来：go,

come,leave,start,move,sail,arrive,

reach,get to等表示位置移动的

动词

I’m coming.

He （leave）

tomorrow.

⑤过去

进行时was/were doing

①表示过去某一时刻、某一阶段

正在进行的动作。常用时间状语

有：at this time yesterday,

at that moment等

In 1980 he was studying in a

university.

I （wash）clothes

at that time.

②用于有when、while引导的时

间状语从句中

He fell asleep when/while he

（read）his newspaper.

⑥现在

完成时have/has done

①用来表达在过去开始的动作

持续到现在。常与for和since

表示一段时间的状语（for+时间

段，since+时间点）或so far,

in the past/last three years,

recently,lately等包括现在时间

在内的时间状语连用。

I （study）English

for two years.

We （learn）3,000

English words so far.

②用来表示过去发生的事对现

在有影响。常与already,ever,

never,just,yet,before等副词连用

I （no,have）my

breakfast yet,so I’m hungry

now.

注意：瞬间动词不能和表示一段时间的for短语和since短语连用，也不能用于how long引导的疑问句中。如果要用，应先把瞬间动词改为相应的持续性动词。如：How long have you kept this book? Mike has been away for ten days. become —be

borrow — keep

buy — have

open — be open

die — be dead

leave — be away

close — be close

finish — be over

begin(start) — be on/last

〖参考答案〗①moves;is;visits;goes;gets ②was;hurt;was③will rain/is going to rain;am going to ski/will go skiing;am not coming/Won;t come;will take ④am watching

are building;is leaving ⑤was washing;was reading ⑥have studied;have learned/have

learnt;haven’t had

〖真题链接〗

1.--Do you have Kate’s number?

--Yes.But I can’t find it now.I’m afraid I it.(2007佛山中考)

A.lose

B.have lost

C.lost

2.To their surprise,the T-shirts with Olympic Mascots on them sold out in one hour.(2008佛山中考)

A.are

B.were

C.have

3.You’d better stay inside.The radio says there heavy rain and strong wind.(2009年佛山中考)

A.have

B.will have

C.will be

4.I my work today.Let’s go for a coffee.(2010年佛山中考)

A.finish

B.will finish

C.have finished

5.I asked for some more milk,but there none left.(2010佛山中考)

A.are

B.were

C.was

6.Most of the sandstorm in our country in spring,from March to May.(2011年佛山中考)

A.happen

B.happens

C.is happening

7.The cleaners the street and it is quite clean now.(2012年佛山中考)

A.are sweeping

B.will sweep

C.have swept

8.Yang Liwei,a famous astronaut, to Foshan in March,2012.(2012佛山中考)

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cc6920182.html,es

B.came

C.was coming

9.The huge yellow rubber duck to 13 cities in 9 countries since 2007.(2013佛山中考)

A.travels

B.travelled

C.has travelled

〖考点精炼〗

一、单项选择

1.Look at those clouds.It soon,I’m afraid.

A.rains

B.was raining

C.is going to rain

2.- you out the problem,Sam？

-Not yet,but I’m going to.

A.Did;work

B.Are;working

C.Have;worked

3.Mid-autumn Day usually in September or October every year.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cc6920182.html,e

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cc6920182.html,es

C.will come

4.We were told that light much faster than sound.

A.travels

B.travelled

C.is travelling

5.There serious air pollution if people use more and more cars.

A.will be

B.is

C.will have

6.In the past few years,people to the moon many times.

A.have been

B.went

C.gone

7.The children a P.E class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain.

A.are having

B.had

C.were having

8.As soon as he comes back,I’ll tell him when and see him again.

A.you will come

B.you came

C.you come

9.--Mr.Johnson,we have found your watch.

--My watch!Thank you.where it?

A.do you find

B.have you find

C.did you find

10.The bridge to the public for almost one and a half months.

A.has opened

B.has been open

C.was open

11.--Where is Mrs.Smith?

--She isn’t here.She to England.She back in three days.

A.has been,comes

B.has gone,will be

C.went,came

12.I to Cape Town,so I know nothing about it.

A.don’t travel

B.won’t travel

C.haven’t traveled

13.--Nancy is not coming to the party tonight.

--But she me she’d love to.

A.tells

B.told

C.is telling

14.She the cookers from her neighbours and she can them as long as she likes.

A.has borrowed

B.has kept,borrow

C.has borrow,keep

15.Tom with us because he there with his parents last week.

A.will come,has been

B.isn’t coming,went

C.won’t come,has been

16.I am not sure if Mary the job.If not,they somebody to help her.

A.has finished,will send

B.finishes,send

C.finished,sent

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cc6920182.html,e to me for help when you in trouble in the future.

A.are having

B.are

C.will be

18.--I didn’t see you at the meeting.Why?

--I for a long distance call from my daughter in Canada then.

A.waited

B.have waited

C.was waiting

19.Great changes because the government has spent a lot rebuilding the city.

A.happened

B.have taken place

C.took place

20.In the end,the twins the singing team together.

A.joined

B.have joined

C.will join.

二、完成句子

1.没有人知道他住在哪儿。

No one knows

2.他父亲昨天工作到很晚。

His father yesterday.

3.昨天晚上你打电话来的时候我在玩电脑游戏。

I computer games when you called me last night.

4.你听过关于三峡大坝的报道吗？

the reports about The Dam of Three Gorges?

5.二十年后我们都会是什么样子呢？

What in twenty years?

6.我不肯定这个时候他们在干什么？

I am not sure at this moment.

高中英语动词时态语态考点详解版

表格式一般现在时态和语态 2. Jenny (has) a good friend? 3. Brian （not live) in China. 4. Li Ming with me (be) in Beijing. 5. If it （not rain）tomorrow, we will go to the park. 6. Our teacher said that the earth (go)around the sun yesterday. 7.He （help）the old man every week . 8.The old man （help）by him every week. 9.The building (visit) by many people every year.

一一般现在时 （一）定义：主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作， 句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等 He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. （二）标志词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever，every week (day, year, month…), once /twice a week, on Sundays, （三）谓语动词构成： 1 be动词的一般现在时：am is are（"是"，“在”） 2 当谓语动词是行为动词的时候： （1）当主语不是第三人称单数的时候，一般现在时用行为动词的原形 （2）主语是he,she,it等第三人称单数（除去I,you以外的任何一个单数的名词或者代词），动词要变形加s或es． （温馨提示：动词变形要符合两个条件：1，主语是三单，2，句子是肯定句） （四）.基本结构： 1，肯定句：主语+谓语（+其他的） He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. （主语He是三单，又是肯定句，所以谓语动词发生变形，加上了s） Tom and Tim both have medium height. He has a big mouth. We like the dog very much. 2，否定句：主语+don’t或者doesn’t+动词原形+其他(在be或者后面加上do does) Candy doesn’t do her housework every day. We don’t dance . He isn’t a worker. 3，一般疑问句：Do (Does)+主语+动词原形+其他？（把be或者do does 提到主语的前面）Does she like English? Yes,she does. No,she doesn’t. Do you swim in summer? Are you a teacher? 4，特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Where does Tom come from? （五) 一般现在时态用法 （1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与这样的时间状语连用： eg: We always help each other. It often snows in winter. I get up early every morning. （2）表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。 eg: He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. Tom and Tim both have medium height. （3）表示客观、普遍真理 eg: Two and four makes six. Water boils at 100℃The moon moves round the earth。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. （4）表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 （六）一般现在时态的考点：

中考复习初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

中考复习初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表 The document was prepared on January 2, 2021

初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

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高考常考动词时态语态考点透析定稿版

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高考常考动词时态语态考点透析 知识清单 1.熟知九种基本时态的构成； 2. 九种基本时态的用法及重点； 3. 一般过去时态与现在时态用法上的侧重点； 4. 被动语态的基本形式； 5. 被动语态中特殊情况； 6. 与时态相关的固定句式结构。 学情分析 考生在动词时态和语态的学习过程中存在着以下几点问题： 1.考生对于时态的基本类型不能熟练掌握； 2. 不规则动词的过去式及过去分词形式不清楚； 3. 句子中的主被动意识淡； 4. 被动语态的基本形式，不能准确使用被动语态； 5. 在使用时态时，全凭所谓的语感去判断，写出来的句子中时态混乱，没有时态观念，没有章法可言。 动词时态语态的基本结构及用法(以动词do为例) 一般时 进行时((be doing)

完成时(have done) 现在完成进行时 巧记·速记 进行时，be doing，动词前是助词“be”, “现在”要用“am/is/are”，“过去”要变“was/were”，“将来”则是“will/shall be”；动词后加“ing”，巧记结构做题易。

完成时，have done，动词前是助词“have”，“现在”要用“ha s/have”，“过去”勿忘变“had”；动词要用过去分词，这点千万别忘记。 现在完成进行时，“现在完成+进行”，一人身兼两人职。 考点一一般现在时态(do/does) 1表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象。 As is known to us, the sun ____(rise) in the east and ___(set) in the west. 2表示习惯性、经常性的动作或经常存在的状态,时间状语有always, often, usually, sometimes, every day/year, on Sundays, once a week。 Some senior 3 students ___(got) up at 5：20 every day including Sunday. 3在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时态表将来。 If city noises _________(not, keep) from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard. 4表示按时刻表、计划规定要发生的动作，常见的动词有： come, go, leave, begin, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等。 The plane _____(take) off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday. [典例1][2015·四川成都一诊]It's probable that the rocket ________ (date) from about 2,000 years ago in China. [典例2][2015·北京东城区期末]_____________________________________，we will carry out the plan next week. (完成句子) 除非你有不同意见，否则我们下周就执行该计划了。 考点二一般过去时态(did) 1表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用时间比较具体yesterday (morning), two years ago, last night/year, in 1990, in the past, the day before yesterday, the other day)或上下文语境有暗示，或由于地点的转变而导致同一个动作用过去时态。

初中动词时态总结

初中动词时态总结 一、概述 1.动词：表示动作、状态或性质的词称为动词。例如：write、read、speak、listen、leave、walk等等。 2.时态：作谓语的动词用来表示动作或状况发生时间的各种形式称为时态（Tense）。 3.动词的基本形式（通常有5种）： 原形、现在时第三人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词4.归纳：英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。 5.英语中动词时态共有16种（见下表）。初中阶段需要掌握表格右下角加注的8种时态。 时态现在时过去时将来时过去将来时 一般▲一般现在时 do/does ▲一般过去时 did ▲一般将来时 shall/ will do ▲一般过去将来时 should/would do 进行▲现在进行时 am/is/are doing ▲过去进行时 was/were doing 将来进行时 shall/will be doing 过去将来进行时 should/would be doing 完成▲现在完成时 have/has done ▲过去完成时 had done 将来完成时 shall/will have done 过去将来完成时 should/would have done 完成进行现在完成进行时 have/has been doing 过去完成进行时 had been doing 将来完成进行时 shall/will have been doing 过去将来完成进行时 should/would have been doing 二、一般现在时 1.通常用法：表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作，或目前的特征或状态。 2.常用的时间状语：often、usually、sometimes、in spring、every day、in the morning，at +具体时间。

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