中考英语复习-动词分类及动词短语

中考英语复习-动词分类及动词短语

一、动词的分类（实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词）

1.实义动词（包括及物动词和不及物动词）

2.系动词(一是一感一保持，起来四个好像变了仨)

be,feel,stay,keep,look,smell,taste,sound,seem,turn,become,get

3.助动词(进行时be+V-ing,被动语态be+V-ed,完成时have/has/had+V-ed,将来时will/would/shall+V原，

一般现在时do/does,一般过去时did)

4.情态动词(can,could,may,might,must,need,shall,should,will,would)

★(1).不及物动词没有被动语态；(2).非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的词语连用(否定句除外)

二、易混词辨析

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c915240358.html,ed to do sth表示过去常常做某事be used to doing sth表示习惯于做某事

2.dress sb/oneself给某人穿衣服, put on穿上,戴上,表动作;wear穿着,戴着,表状态,与be in同义。

3.see看见，表结果；look,看，表动作,不及物动词，后面须加介词at才能跟宾语；

watch看(电视、比赛) read看(书、报)，表示阅读

4.bring(带来，拿来)，表示从远处拿到说话者的地方

take(拿走，带走)，表示从说话者的地方拿到远处

fetch(去拿来)，表示一个来回、往返的过程

carry,用力搬运，没用方向性

5.die,死，不及物动词，非延续性动词(die of死于)

dead死的，形容词，表状态；

death，死，名词；dying垂死的，要死的，形容词

His grandfather died two years ago.= His grandfather has been dead for wo years.

= His grandfather has been dead since wo years ago.

6.sb spend some time on sth某人花费多少时间在某事上

sb spend some time (in) doing sth某人花费多少时间做某事

it takes sb some time to do sth做某事花费了某人多少时间

sb pay some money for sth某人为某物支付了多少钱

sth cost sb some money某物花费某人多少钱

7.look for强调寻找的过程，find强调寻找的结果

8.listen to强调听的动作，hear强调听的结果

9.hang的过去式(过去分词)hung悬挂，hanged绞死，吊死

10.lose输(lose to sb输给某人) fail指失败或未能做成某事(fail/pass the exam)

beat打败，后接sb或某支队伍win赢得(荣誉、地位、比赛)

11.lose丢失，失去；forget忘记(forget to do sth 忘记去做某事，forget doing sth 忘记做过某事)

leave sth +地点（吧某物落在某地）

12.think of想到，认为；think about考虑；think over仔细考虑，反复思考

13.may be(可能是)为情态动词加原形表示推测，在句中做谓语;maybe (大概,也许)为副词,相当于perhaps,用于句首

My father may be at home now.= Maybe my father is at home now. 三、常见的动词短语

1.look for寻找, look after照顾, look forward to doing sth渴望做某事, look at看着,look up抬头看,查找,look like看起来像,look through浏览,look out 当心

2.put off推迟,put on穿上,上演,put away把…收起来,put up举起,建造,张贴,put out扑灭,put down写下,放下

3. turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝；turn up把音量开大一点;出现,turn over 翻开;翻转,,turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等)

4.be friendly/kind to对…友好,be different from与…不同,be afraid of害怕,be popular with受…欢迎,be interested in对…感兴趣,be surprised at对…惊讶,be proud of(take pride in)对…感到自豪,be strict with sb对某人严格,be strict in sth 对某事严格, be good at擅长,be sure of/about对…有把握,be made up of由…构成,be angry with sb对某人生气；be busy with sth忙于；be full of/filled with装满了,be late for…迟到,be covered with覆盖着be famous/known for因…著名；be famous/known as作为…有名

5.get on/along (well) with与某人相处(融洽),在…进展（顺利）,get up起床,get on上车(船、飞机),get off下车get home到家,get out (of) (从…)出去,get to 到达get together聚会,get over克服,get used to习惯于

6.take off（飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣服）,take away拿走；take out取出,take up 占据时间、空间，开始从事，拿起,take photos 照相,take one's place= take the place of sb坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务take a seat就坐take a shower

淋浴，洗澡take care of照顾take care小心，当心take one’s temperature 量体温take part in参与，参加take it easy别着急，慢慢来

7.agree with sb同意某人agree to do sth同意做某事

8.pick up拾起，捡起，拿起，收听，用车接送客人、货物，收拾、整理；pick out 挑选。

9.cut in插嘴cut down砍到cut up切碎cut off切除

10.go over复习,go swimming/skating/shopping/dancing/fishing

/camping去游泳/溜冰/购物/跳舞/钓鱼/野营,go out出去,go by时间流逝,从旁经过,go for为…而去,go with sb 与某人一起去

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c915240358.html,e in进来,come out出来,出版,come from来自,come back回来,come across偶然遇到,come over(to)过来,come home回家,come on（表示劝说、激动、不耐烦等）快！得啦；跟着来,come true实现come up with=think up 提出，想出

12.give up放弃，give off放出、发出（气体、气味、烟雾、光、水、热等,give out分发,散发,give away赠送,give back归还give in屈服，让步，投降13.make a decision作出决定,make sb. do sth.让某人做某事,make mistakes 犯错误,make progress取得进步；make a face做鬼脸；make friends with sb 与…交朋友；be made from用…材料做成，不能看出原材料；be made of用…

材料制成，能看出原材料,make up编造,虚构，打扮，弥补be made up of由…组成make use of使用，利用make oneself at home随便，别拘束

14.break down破坏,出故障break out爆发break the law违反法律break the record破记录

15.keep sb. away from sth.使某人离开某物stop/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

keep in touch with 与某人保持联系keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事keep off 远离keep up with 跟上keep down 抑制,控制keep out 遮挡,使不进入

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中考英语常见动词短语 1. break相关短语 break down出故障，坏了 My car broke down on the way home. 在回家的路上，我的车出故障了。 break out爆发 A big fire broke out last night. 昨晚发生了火灾。 break into 闯入，破门而入 Someone broke into the room and stole a lot of things. 有人闯进了这个房间，偷了很多东西。break up 打碎，分手 Break up the chocolate and melt it. 把巧克力打碎然后融化。 They broke up. 他们分手了。 2. call相关短语 call up打电话 Don’t call me up at night. 不要在晚上给我打电话。 call out大喊 The boy is calling out in the room. 那个男孩正在房间里大喊。 call on 拜访某人 We call on our relatives and friends during the Spring Festival. 春节期间我们会走亲访友。 call at 拜访某地 They called at Mr. Brown’s office last week. 上周他们去拜访了布朗先生的办公室。 call for 要求 This job calls for great patience. 这份工作要求足够的耐心。 call off 取消 They have to call off the flight because of the fog. 由于大雾，他们不得不取消本次航班。 3. come相关短语 come down下跌，落，降，传下来 The birds come down from the tree to pick some corns. 一些鸟从树上落下来拣谷物吃。come in进来 Come in, please. 请进！ come out出版，开花 A lot of flowers come out when spring comes. 当春天到来的时候，许多花都开了。 My father’s novel came out last month. 我爸爸的小说上个月出版了。 come on过来，快点 Come on, my boy! I will give you something delicious to eat. 过来！我的孩子，我要给你一些好吃的东西。 come along一道来，赶快 You can come along to his party with me. 你可以随同我一起去参加他的晚会。 come over走过来 We often come over to our friends when we go out for a walk. 我们经常在散步的时候顺便拜访朋友。 come up走近 The cat came up and caught the mouse. 这只猫走了过来，抓住了那只老鼠。 come back回来 When will you come back? 你什么时候回来？ come from来自 Both of them come from Japan. 他们俩都来自日本。 come up with 提出 Who has come up with this good idea? 是谁想出这个好办法的？ come to oneself 苏醒 The boy came to himself after the doctor’s hard work. come true 实现 The Chinese hundred years’ dream of hosting the Olympic has come true at last. 中国人民百年奥运梦想最后终于实现了。 come about 发生 How did this come about? 这是怎么回事？ come across 偶遇，碰到 I came across my teacher in the street. 在街上我偶遇了我的老师。

中考英语动词短语专项练习(附答案)

人教版中考英语专项训练动词短语专项练习(附答案) 一、动词 1．John the TV and helped his mother with the housework. A. turned off B. heard from C. joined in D. looked after 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：约翰关掉电视然后帮他的妈妈做家务。ed off关掉．heard from得到消息．joined in参加，加入．looked after照顾．根据句意可知选A。 【点评】考查动词短语的辨析。 2．The cheese cake ______ so good that I can't wait to eat it. A. tastes B. feels C. sounds D. smells 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：奶酪蛋糕闻起来这么香，我迫不及待地要吃了。taste品尝；feel 感觉；sound听起来；smell闻起来。这四个词都是系动词，后跟形容词作表语，但是根据后半句can't wait to eat可知先有嗅觉的感受才会有吃的欲望，故答案为D。 【点评】考查动词词义辨析，熟记单词，根据语境判断答案，注意基本逻辑关系。 3．Not only children but also my husband ______crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea （《红海行动》） A. is B. are C. am D. be 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：不仅仅是孩子，连我的丈夫也很迷恋《红海行动》。Not only...but also...，不但……而且……，当并列主语时，谓语动词形式的确定根据“就近原则”，主语是my husband，第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选A。 【点评】考查be动词。注意Not only...but also...，不但……而且……，当并列主语时，谓语动词形式的确定根据“就近原则”。 4．—How many _______doctors are there in your hospital, David? —_______them _______over one hundred. A. woman, The number of, is B. women, A number of, are C. woman, A number of, is D. women, The number of, is 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——戴维，在你们医院有多少女医生？——有100多名。空一，根据be动词are，可知是可数名词复数，woman的复数形式为women；空二，根据over one hundred，可知此处表示数量，固定搭配the number of，……的数量，空三，主语是the number of…，谓语用第三人称单数is。故选D。 【点评】考查不规则可数名词的复数和短语辨析。注意掌握常见的不规则可数名词复数的