2019英语二真题解析

weight changes. That tells me whether I need to I also

use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to

clothes 2019年研宄生入学统一考试试题（英语二）

Section I Use of English

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to slay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.

J_，when done too often，this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2_.

As for me，weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing ^_on the scale. That was bad lo my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of _4_the number on ihc

scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to _5 ____________ m y goals.

I also found weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks lo a month to notice significant

changes in weight _7 _____ altering your training program. The most _8 _________ changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.

For these _9_. I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is noi my goal, it is less importanl for me to 11 my weight each week. Weighing

every other week allows me to observe and 12 any

—my training program, information about

my nutrition as well. If the same, but I'm constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is

The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I am experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I've also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I'm training according to those goals, instead of numbers on a scale.

B. aside from B. precise B.reasons B. again B. overlook B. hold onto B. adjust B. rules B. hungry B. belief B. decision B. restricting B.

unless

B. puzzling 7. A. Regardless of

8. A. Rigid

9. A. judgments

Though Track

Approval of

Share aturcs

Anxious Secret

Necessity

Surprising

Because 1. 逻辑关系题：文章第一句说定期称体重是

一个很好的方式.空格后

谈到hurl 伤害ia ，所 以前后构成转折相反关系，浠要填入一个转折词，选Chowever 。干扰项A 因此.B

否则， D 除此之外。都不符合题意。 2. 词性题：空前提到伤害大.空格内浠要填入与hurt 的反义词，正确的是Dhdp 有帮助。 干扰项A 关心，B 努告，C 减少》

3. 副词题：这句意思是我们会把关注点由原来的通常关注体重和健康转移到_关注休重 秤上面来。此处滞要与generally 通常相反的词，正确的是soldy 仅仅。干扰项B 偶尔，C 正式与句意不符。

4. 词性题：仅仅想着_体重秤上的数字，答案是A lowering 降低，此处用了仅仅用来加强 语气不能选其他，B mn, C 接受，D 记录。

5. 词性题：我浠要训练来_目标，与goal 搭配，最适合的是reach 达到，干扰项Aset 设置， B 审査，D 修正

6. 词性题目：准确的.我的努力，己经发生的事，应该用depiction 描述，不能用预测predict. 其他词义distribution 分K definition 定义都不对

7. 逻辑题：_改变训练项H ，盅要三周到一个月时间来注意到体重的明显变化，此处构成 因果关系，选D due to 由子，其他A 不顾，B 除了，C 和都不符合

8. 词性题：前一句讲过体重的变化是最不明显的浠要耗费三周到一个月，所以此处讲的疢 该是最明显的变化，因此选C 立即的。

9. 逻辑题：前后构成因果关系，因为这些原因.我改变每天秤体重的做法。正确答案reasons 10. 逻辑题：前半句和后半句明显是一种对比关系，因此选D instead 反而。

11. 词性题：空后是休重，A track 追踪，正确。B overlook 忽视，C conceal 掩益，D report 报道I 意思不符合。

12.并列结构：and 前面observe 观察，与它意思相近的是C account for 解释说明，每隔一 周称休重.让我观察到一些明显的体重变化并且为他寻找原因。其他项A 批准赞成，B 紧 紧抓住，D 依赖不符合题意

13. 词性题：那会告诉我如何我的训练计划，正确答案是adjust 调整，其他选项A 分孪. C 确认D 准备 14. 词性题：浠要填入的是名词.我会从半月体重称S _得到倌息。正确答案是D results 结 果，其他项A 特色.B 规则，C 测试不符合题意 15. 并列结构：and 后是体重下降.此处是并列关系，选择B 饥饿。其他项A 焦虑，C 疾 病的.D 无聊的不符合题意 16. 词性题：体重下降，那是一个_我浠要增加卡路里摄入，C 信号，正确。其他项A 秘 密，B 倍念D

原则不符合题意 17. 词性题：to 后面的结构是修饰这个空，即停止每天称沐重的B 决定，正确。其他项A 必要性.C 希望D 诸求不符合题意

18. 词性题： of 后边结构修饰前而的burden 负担，所以我们此处填入的形容间也必然是不 好的D 失望的.正确。其他项A 惊讶的，C 限制的C 消耗的不符合题意

19. A 逻辑题：前半句讲获得成功是结果，瑣入的应该是因为because 正确。其他项B 如果 不，C 直到D 如果不符合题意

20. D 词性题：此处要埙入一个动词，rather lhan 两个句子构成对比关系，所以我们潘要选 出与focus 意思相近的词，几个词组都可搭配over, obsess 痴迷D 正确。其他项A 统治，B 迷惑C 成功不符合题意

Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 Unlike so-called basic in conjunction with a child’s knowing how lo say “ and friends —and their lo be “I’m sorry"; I *ir own consci such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later ， lg grasp of social and moral norms. Children aren't bom rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents ?. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral good thing: A child who claims responsibility for knocking over a tower and tries to rebuild il is engaging in behavior that’s not only reparative but also prosocial. In the popular imagination, religious hang-ups. More i of wearing a jacket w understanding is outdated. ' gaging in of course important, ishted wi ，guilt still gels a bad rap. Il evokes Freud's ideas and ，guilt is deeply uncomfortable —it’s the emotional equivalent Who would inflict it upon a child? Yet this has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt Vaish says, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren't binary_feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. And guill. by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans

together. It is

A. deceptive

B. addictive

C. burdensome

D. inexcusable

B. can bring about emotional satisfaction

C. can result from either sympathy or guilt

to atone for errors and fix relationships. Guilt ，in other words, can help hold a cooperative species Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at ihc University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy (and its close cousin empathy) may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that

shortfall

by experiencing

more guilt, which can rein in

their

colleague looked ai 244 children, ages 4, 8, and 12.

Using caregiver assessments and the children's self-observations, they rated each child's overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions (like guilt and sadness) after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed stickers and chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadn't magically become more sympathetic to the other child's deprivation.

“That’s good news ，” Malti says. “We can be prosocial because of our cmpathclic proclivity, or because we caused harm and we feel regret.”

21. Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help _______________ .

A. regulate a child’s basic emotions

B. improve a child's intellectual ability

C. intensify a child’s positive feelings

D. foster a child’s moral development

23. Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness thal. A. an emotion can play opposing roles

B. emotions are socially constructive

C. emotional stability can benefit health

D. may be the outcome of impulsive acts 25. The word ‘'transgressions” (line4 para5) is closest in meaning to.

D. teachings

21.答案fA】foster a child’smoral development解折：本题tl为因果关系题，考察因果关系对应关系。根据題干关键词guih can be a good thing定位到第一段最后一句。因果关系题找到原因定位句，根据

最后一句this is why......可得知应该是题点的上一句.即第一段倒数第

二句“Children aren't bom knowing

how to say ** I am sorry”；rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences.’’，这句的怠思是孩子不是生来就知道如何说“对不起’’，ifij 是随

卷时间而学习到的，这种说法可以安慰一下他的父母朋友，以及他们自己的道德心（良心）。但是

这句话实际是个例子，所以我们可以进一步往前看一句，就是第一段第一句的后半句主句，“guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moralnorms.内疚出现的

稍晚一点，伴随着孩子对子社会和道德准则的理解的逐渐增多”这句就可以得出答案 A. foster a child's moral development培养了孩子的道德发展是a child's growing grasp of social and moral norms

这句的同义改写。干忧项B 的regulate a child's basic emotions原文提及到基本情感，但并未提及regulate管理，干扰项C. improve a child's intellectual ability 和D. intensity a child’s positive feelings 都

为提及。

22.答案【D】burdensome

解析：本题H为具体细节题。根据题干中的many people still consider guilt to be定位到原文第二段

的第一和笫二句，原文的in the popular imagination与题干中的many people still consider 是同义转化，

紧接巷第二句继续说 it is deeply uncomfortablc-it's emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket

weighted withstoncs，意思是内疚感是让人感到非常不舒服的.它是穿卷石头那么重的夹克在情感上

的对等物.意思就是内疚感让人感到很沉重，有负担.而正确答案D的burdensome 正是是原文内容的

同义S换。A是不可原谅的，B是欺骗.C是上瘾的.都不符合文怠。

23.答案【B】an emotion can play opposing roles解折：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干

关键词Vaish hold that rethinking about guilt定位到第二段笫四句。她补充道，在某种情况下可能有利的得情绪在另一种情况下是有害的.后面具体例子，嫉妒和愤怒可能演变成提醒我们注意重要的不平等。正确答案B的emotion是原文feelings的同义替换.can play opposing roles 是原文的advantageous in one context maybe harmful in another 的同义转化。干扰项A的contcxt-indcpcndcnt独立于环境和原文提

及不同的环境情绪的作用不同相反，厲子正反混淆：选项C的socially constructive原文并未提及.属子无中生有：选项D的emotional stability can benefu health情绪稳定能够有益健康，并未提及，是常识

性干扰

24.答案【C】can result from either sympathy or guilt解折：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据

题干关键词Malti and others have shown that cooperalion and sharing 定位到奶四段第三句。马尔蒂和

其他人己经表明，内疚和同情可能代表合作和分皁的不同途径。正确答案C的sympathy和guilt是文中的原词，result from足原文represent的同义S换，干扰项A可能帮助纠正情绪缺陪，原文是compensate for an emotional deficiency弥补感情上的缺陷，并且原文主语只有内疚感并没有同情.属子偷换槪念。属子正反浞淆：选项B can bring about emotional satisfaction可以带来情绪的满足感，原文并未提及，M子无中生有：选项D的may be the outcome of impulsive acts 可能足冲

2010考研英语二真题以及答案

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