中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题四

中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题四

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~模拟试题四~

I.

Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.

I.I’m afraid taking a part time job might _ my time for study.

A. cut off

B. cut into

C. cut down

D. cut away

2.1 __ several interesting facts about Mexico in that book.

A. came to

B. came into

C. came over

D. came across

3.You can’t see through a telescope unless it is correctly to your sight.

A. adapted

B. adopted

C. adjusted

D. accustomed

4.Our company decided to the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not

been met.

A. destroy

B. refuse

C. assume

D. cancel

5.The father lost his just because his son failed again in the final exam.

A. mind

B. mood

C. passion

D. temper

6.He has never felt himself so powerfully to the scientific ideal.

A. interested

B. absorbed

C. confident

D. attracted

7.Craing assured his boss that he would all his energies in doing this new job.

A. call forth

B. call at

C. call on

D. call off

8.Who is ___ personnel at present

A. in the charge of

B. under charge of

C. under the charge of

D. in charge of

9.Safety devices in preventing accidents in the workshop.

A. assist

B. assure

C. assemble

D. contribute

10.Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is

loud continuous noise.

A. subjected to

B. filled with

C. associated with

D. attached to Section B

Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the

one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then, mark your answer on the answer sheet.

11. Today’s class has already been called off.

A. revised

B. canceled

C. completed

D. announced

12. Robert was regarded as a profound thinker by his friends.

A. a deep

B. a lazy

C. a careful

D. an original

13.D iana Spencer consented to many Prince Charles in 1981.

A. vowed

B. agreed

C. engaged

D. betokened

14.T he Hope Diamond has a beautiful blue color, and is completely without flaws.

A. mistakes

B. defects

C. dots

D. trademarks

15.T he ultimate goal for all mountain climbers is to scale the summit of Mr. Everest.

A. greatest

B. potential

C. ambitious

D. distant

16.T he old woman is too feeble to cross the street without her nephew’s help.

A. tired

B. weak

C. timid

D. blind

17.T here is no alternative: the President must approve the bill if Congress passes it.

A. chance of agreement

B. doubt

C. other choice

D. mistake

18.T he horse finally came to a halt on the very rim of the cliff.

A. top

B. edge

C. slopt

D. base

19.H is face was flushed because he had run all the way from the dormitory.

A. red

B. shaking

C. pale

D. wet

20.The versatility function of a computer is limited only by human imagination.

A. multiple

B. artificial

C. mechanical

D. automatic

II ? Grammatical Structure

Section A

Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.

21.It was urgent that he her immediately.

A. calls

B. called

C. call

D. would call

22.The medical record shows that it was the drug, not the disease, ___ killed him several years ago.

A. the effects of which

B. the effects of it

C. finally

D. that

23. _ ，it is quite easy to drill a hole in it with a eraser.

A. Hard a diamond is

B. Hard as a diamond is

C. As a diamond is hard

D. How hard is a diamond

24.In order to be a good scientist,

A. mathematics is vital

B. one must master mathematics

C. mathematics is important to understand

D. one to understand

mathematics

25.Like the old, respected in our country.

A. the female is

B. a female is

C. the female are

D. female is

26. _ bricks, workers press clay into blocks and bake them to the requisite hardness in a kiln.

A. Made

B. To make

C. Being made

D. The making of

27. _ on a clear day far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace

A. Walking

B. When one is walking

C. If walking

D. When walking

28.When you __ the test, check your papers before you hand them in.

A. will finish

B. are finishing

C. will have finished

D. have finished

29.This candidate has far more chances of winning the election than

___ recommended by the organizer.

A. that

B. the one

C. whom

D. one

30.If you ____ my advice， you ______________ your failure now. You

your victory.

A.took ... wouldn't cry over... would celebrate

B.had taken ... wouldn't have cried over... would have

celebrated

C.had taken ... aren't crying over... are celebrating

D.had taken ... wouldn't be crying over... would be celebrating Section B

Directions: In questions 31-40 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases, marked A, B C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase which is incorrect and must be changed to make the sentence correct. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.

31.Alaska’s vast areas of untamed wilderness attracts many people who enjoy the outdoors.

ABC D

32.If you have just recently purchased a home or are considering to refinance your home, take

A B C

advantage of our low rates.

D

33.The most popular suggestion with the office workers is that all smokers could go outside

A B C

to smoke.

D

34.Book where visitors sign in is kept at the front desk.

A B C D'

35.The director felt more positive steps should be taken before

last night’s meeting to ensure

A B C

job security.

D

36.The idea that experience was worth more then education was not unanimously accepted.

A BCD

37.Mrs. Pham wanted to know when was the last staff meeting so she could plan the next one.

A B CD

38.Engineers and scientists have had no trouble finding high-level, high-paying positions

A B C

who have experience.

D

39.We can supplement our own ideas with information and data gathering from our reading,

A B C

our observation, and so forth.

D

40.To read Tolstoy and being introduced to the nineteenth-century Russian literature are two

A B C

excellent reasons for taking Professor Morrel’s course.

D

III. Cloze Test

Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet

Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th

century. 41 in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was

always in the heart of a town. This street was lined on both sides with many various businesses.

Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture,

hardware, groceries. .42 , some shops offered services. These shops included drugstores,

restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change

began to 43 . Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking

places were 44 shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with

interest at the open spaces 45 the city limits. Open space is what their car driving customers

needed. And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping

centres, or rather malls, 46 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city

centres. 47 by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from downtown

areas to outlying malls. And the growing 48 of shopping centres

led in turn to the building

of bigger and better stocked stores. 49 the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost

developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing

the 50 of one stop shopping,

malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches,

fountains, and outdoor

entertainment.

41. A. As early as B. Early C. Early as

D. Earlier

42. A. Apart from B. However C. In addition

D. As well

43. A. be taking place B. take place C. be taken

place D. have taken place

44. A. available for B. available to C. used by

D. ready for

45. A. over B. from C. out of

D. outside

46. A. started B. founded C. set up

D. organized

47. A. Attracted B. Surprised C. Delighted

D. Enjoyed

48. A. distinction B. fame C. popularity

D. liking

49. A. By B. During C. In

D. Towards

50. A. cheapness B. readiness C. convenience D. handiness

IV. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage:

It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry--we

should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people

ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books

with blurred and

divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography

that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all

such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your

author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice (同谋).

If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting

the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible,

then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess (委婉之处), from the twist and turn of the first

sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in

this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or

attempting to give you, something far more definite. The thirty two chapters of a novel--if we

consider how to read a novel first--are an attempt to make something as formed and controlled as

a building but words are more impalpable than bricks, reading is a longer and more complicated

process than seeing. Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is

doing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficulties

of words. Recall, then, some event that has left a distinct impression on you--how at the corner of

the street, perhaps, you passed two people talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; the tone

of the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole vision, an entire conception, seemed contained in

that moment.

51. What does the author mean by saying "Yet few people ask from books what books can give us"

A. The author means that lots of people read few books.

B. The author thinks that readers have only absorbed part of

knowledge in books.

C. The author holds that few people have a proper idea about what content some kind of

books should include.

D. The author considers that readers can scarcely understand most of the books.

52. According to the passage, which of the following statement is right

A. A reader should find some mistakes when he is reading.

B. The more difficult a book is, the more you can get from it.

C. To read something is easier than to watch something.

D. One should be in the same track with the writer when he is reading.

53. What is the possible meaning of "impalpable" (Paragraph 2) in the passage

A. Clear.

B. Elusive.

C. Delicate.

D. Precise.

54. What's the main idea of this passage

A. The importance of reading.

B. The proper way to read.

C. How to get most from one book.

D. The characters of a good book.

Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:

It isn't often that an entire industry is symbolized in the figure of a single human being, and

such is the case with Canadian aviation and the aircraft industry. The

man is the Hon. John A. D.

McCurdy, and the life story of this still vigorous, distinguished Canadian is at once and at the

same time the thrilling history of aviation's progress in Canada.

It all began one cold February day in 1909 at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, when John McCurdy

confounded the critics by flying the Silver Dart, an aircraft designed by himself, for half a mile

over the ice of Bras deor Lakes. This was the first powered flight in Canada and the first by a

British subject in the Commonwealth. McCurdy gave proof of his flying ability--and of the

development and the use of the aileron--by being the first man in the world to execute a figure

eight in the air. He became the first to pilot a flying boat, taking off from Long Island Sound. He

flew the first airplane to Mexico. In 1911 he had made the longest flight to date, and that over

open sea 90 miles from Key West to Havana. He won the first cross country race in Canada 40

miles from Hamilton to Toronto--and he transmitted the first radio message from aircraft.

When World War ]I came, McCurdy took on board supervisory authority for Canadian

aircraft production by serving with the government in various senior positions. Following World

War 11, McCurdy was honored by being made lieutenant governor of Nova

Scotia where he

made Canada's first historic flight. He now lives in Montreal with a summer home in Baddeck,

site of his first flight.

55. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true about McCurdy

A. He was a Canadian.

B. He is regarded as the symbol of Canadian aviation and aircraft industry.

C. He is the first man to finish a figure eight in the air.

D. He now lives in Baddeck.

56. The "Silver Dart" is

A. the name of a weapon

B. a plane bought by McCurdy

C. the nickname of a famous Canadian pilot

D. a plane designed by McCurdy

57. McCurdy is NOT the first one to __

A. fly in Canada

B. pilot a flying boat

C. fly from Key West to Toronto

D. fly to Mexico

58. Nowadays, McCurdy __

A. lives in Montreal in summer

B. is the lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia

C. is still very active and energetic

D. is the government's counselor

Questions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:

The U.S. birthrate began to decline in the middle 1950's, resulting in a smaller college age

population starting in the middle 1970's. S4 Something else happened in the 1970's: the price of

oil increased tremendously, driving up the price of almost everything and making Americans

aware that their large automobiles used a lot of gasoline. At the same time, foreign car

manufacturers had begun to produce small fuel efficient cars in large quantities for the export

market. ~Suddenly, the large, gas guzzling American cars were no longer attractive to American

buyers, who began buying foreign cars by the thousands. The American automobile industry went

into a recession. Thousands of automotive workers were laid off, as were thousands of people in

industries indirectly connected with the auto industry. People who are laid off tend to keep what

money they have for necessities, like food and housing. They do not have the extra money needed

to send their children to college. Their children cannot pay their own

college costs, because during

a recession they cannot find jobs. High unemployment means that more state funds must be used

for social service--unemployment benefits and to aid dependent children, for example--than

during more prosperous times. It also means, that the states have fewer funds than usual, because

people are paying fewer taxes. Institutions of higher education depend on two major sources of

income to keep them functioning: tuition from students and funds from the states. At the present

time, there are fewer students than in the past and fewer state funds available for higher education.

The colleges and universities are in trouble.

59. What is the main idea of this passage

A. The rising of oil price drove up the price of everything.

B. There were many reasons why higher education was in trouble in the 1970's.

C. Birthrate began to decline in the USA in 1950's.

D. High unemployment caused a lot of social problems.

60. The phrase "laid off' can best be replaced by which of the following

A. Poor.

B. Got rid of.

C. Removed.

D. Unemployed.

61. American cars were not popular in their domestic markets because they were

A. small

B. gas consuming

C. fuel efficient

D. not attractive

62. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT __

A. Young people couldn't afford their own tuition in the 1970's

B. It's difficult for graduates from colleges to find a job in the 1970's

C. Fewer parents could afford to send their children to college because of the recession in

1970's

D. Birthrate dropped in the 1970's because of the recession

Questions 63 to 66 are based on the following passage:

It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands

of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills

are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.

Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes

not only "remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in

the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain

because he has sniffed (嗅出) something suspicious in the grain pile.

Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and

machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting

to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant

access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 "words"--string of alphabetic or

numerical characters--ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the

meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of

information that the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places

that the teenager can recognize on sight.

The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings.

A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while

language greatly expands the number and kind of things a person can remember, it also requires a

huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart

from other animals.

63. Which of the following is true about memory

A. It helps us perceive things happening around us every day.

B. It is based on the decisions we made in the past.

C. It is rooted in our past habits and skills.

D. It connects our past experiences with the present.

64. According to the passage, memory is helpful in one's life in the following aspects EXCEPT

that

A. it involves a change in one's behavior

B. it keeps information for later use

C. it warns people not to do things repeatedly

D. it enables one to remember events that happened in the past

65. What is the major characteristic of man's memory capacity according to the author

A. It can be expanded by language.

B. It can remember all the combined words.

C. It may keep all the information in the past.

D. It may change what has been stored in it.

66. Human beings make themselves different from other animals by

A. having the ability to perceive danger

B. having a far greater memory capacity

C. having the ability to recognize faces and places on sight

D. having the ability to draw on past experiences

Section B

Directions: You should answer Questions 67-75 which are based on the following passages. Mark your answer on the answer sheet.

Population movements and genetics

1.Study of the origins and distribution of human populations used

to be based on archaeological and fossil evidence. A number of techniques developed since the 1950s, however, have placed the study of these subjects on a sounder and more objective footing.

The best information on early population movements is now being obtained from the “archaeology of the living body”, the clues to be found in genetic material.

2.Recent work on the problem of when people first entered the

Americas is an example of the value of these new techniques.

North-east Asia and Siberia have long been accepted as the launching ground for the first human colonisers of the New World. But was there one major wave of migration across the Bering Strait into the Americas, or several And when did this event, or events, take place In recent years, new clues have come from research into genetics, including the distribution of genetic markers in modem Native Americans.

3.An important project, led by the biological anthropologist

Robert Williams, focused on the variants (called Gm allotypes) of one particular protein - immunoglobin G - found in the fluid portion of human blo od. All proteins “drift”，or produce variants, over the generations, and members of an interbreeding human population will share a set of such variants. Thus, by comparing the Gm allotypes of two different populations (e.g.

two Indian tribes), one can establish their genetic “distance”，which itself can be calibrated to give an indication of the length of time since these populations last interbred.

4.Williams and his colleagues sampled the blood of over 5,000

American Indians in western North America during a twenty-year period. They found that their Gm allotypes could be

divided into two groups, one of which also corresponded to the genetic typing of Central and South American Indians. Other tests showed that the Inuit (or Eskimo) and Aleut formed a third group. From this evidence it was deduced that there had been three major waves of migration across the Bering Strait.

The first, Paleo-Indian, wave more than 15,000 years ago was ancestral to all Central and South American Indians. The second wave, about 14,000 -12,000 years ago, brought Na-Dene hunters,

ancestors of the Navajo and Apache (who only migrated south from Canada about 600 or 700 years ago). The third wave, perhaps 10,000 or 9,000 years ago, saw the migration from North-east Asia of groups ancestral to the modem Eskimo and Aleut.

5.How far does other research support these conclusions

Geneticist Douglas Wallace has studied mitochondrial DNA in blood samples from three widely separated Native American groups: Pima-Papago Indians in Arizona, Maya Indians on the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, and Ticuna Indians in the Upper Amazon region of Brazil. As would have been predicted by Robert Williams's work, all three groups appear to be descended from the same ancestral (Paleo-Indian) population.

6.There are two other kinds of research that have thrown some

light on the origins of the Native American population; they involve the study of teeth and of languages. The biological anthropologist Christy Turner is an expert in the analysis of changing physical characteristics in human teeth. He argues that tooth crowns and roots have a high genetic component, minimally affected by environmental and other factors. Studies carried out by Turner of many thousands of New and Old World specimens, both ancient and modem, suggest that the majority of prehistoric Americans are linked to Northern Asian populations by crown and root traits such as incisor shoveling (a scooping out on one or both surfaces of the tooth), single-rooted upper first premolars and triple-rooted lower first molars. According to Turner, this ties in with the idea of a single Paleo-lndian migration out of North Asia, which he sets at before 14,000 years ago by calibrating rates of dental micro-evolution. Tooth analyses also suggest that there were two later migrations of Na-Denes and Eskimo-Aleut.

7.The linguist Joseph Greenberg has, since the 1950s, argued that

all Native American languages belong to a single “Amerind”

family, except for Na-Dene and Eskimo-Aleut - a view that gives credence to the idea of three main migrations. Greenberg is in

a minority among fellow linguists, most of whom favour the

notion of a great many waves of migration to account for the more than 1,000 languages spoken at one time by American Indians. But there is no doubt that the new genetic and dental

evidence provides strong backing for Greenberg’s view. Dates given for the migrations should nevertheless be treated with caution, except where supported by hard archaeological evidence. Questions 67-72

This passage has seven sections. 1-7.Choose the correct headings for sections 1-7 from the list of headings below. Mark your answer on the answer sheet.

List of Headings

A.The results of the research into blood-variants

B.Dental evidence

C.Greenberg’s analysis of the dental and linguistic evide nce

D.Developments in the methods used to study early population

movements

F.Further genetic evidence relating to the three-wave theory

G.Long-standing questions about prehistoric migration to

America

H.How analysis of blood-variants measures the closeness of the

relationship between different populations

I.Conflicting views of the three-wave theory, based on non-

genetic evidence

67.Section 1

68.Section 2

69.Section 3

70.Section 4

71.Section 5

72.Section 6

Example Answer

Section 7 I

Questions 73-74

This passage refers to the three-wave theory of early migration to the Americas. It also suggests in which of these three waves the ancestors of various groups of modern native Americans first reached the continent.

Classify the groups named in the table below as originating from

A.the first wave

B.the second wave

C.the third wave

Choose the correct letter. A, B or C, for questions 73-74 and mark your answer on the answer sheet.

职称英语核心词汇汇总

职称英语核心词汇汇总

职称英语考试备考技巧 一、词汇： 需要考生在最后阶段练习查字典，建议一天练习查60对，而且一个词汇题要反、正查，同时也要进行职称考试中常考词汇的记忆，这样可以在考试时提高速度，节省时间。 词汇题一般情况下仅凭字典一般也能做对，因此考生对自己不认识、不熟悉或没有绝对把握的题一定要通过字典来确认，从而确保词汇题100%的正确率。特别提醒考生，考试时要带上一本带有同义词的词典。且词典不能含有职称、考试等字样，更不能带电子词典。 二、阅读判断： 答题时需掌握一条原则，就是在文章中有明确提出的才能确定为对。题目中若出现must、only、all、always等时，答案一般不会是对的。 除上面的原则外，一般根据下列原则和规律也可以确定正确答案。选择A、B或C的三种情况： 选A的情况：如果某题干与原文信息完全一致或基本一致 选B的情况：如果某题干与原文信息完全相反 选C的情况：如果某题干部分或局部信息在原文中未提到 三、概括大意和完成句子： 概括大意要先看选项，寻找关键词，确定所考段落。完成句子则要根据所给的短句进行选择，比较好的方法是找同类动词。 同时读每段话时，要抓住该段话的主题句和核心词汇，正确答案常常是主题句的改写。读每段话时，并不是该段话全要仔细阅读。这样，既浪费时间，也不容易抓住重点。应该抓住该段话的主题句。 四、阅读理解： 首先要重点掌握教材上的阅读理解的重点文章的背诵，来抓住出自教材上的分数，这是顺利通过考试很关键的一步。

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